CN107559615B - Color temperature adjustable laser white light illumination light source - Google Patents
Color temperature adjustable laser white light illumination light source Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser white light illumination light source with adjustable color temperature, which comprises: an excitation light source and a heat dissipation device thereof, a fluorescent powder layer and a regulation and control device thereof and two reflecting cups; wherein: the excitation light source is embedded into the heat dissipation device and is in full contact with the heat dissipation device; the fluorescent powder layer is tightly attached to the regulating device, and the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is regulated through the regulating device, so that the color temperature is changed; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof are arranged between the first reflecting cup and the second reflecting cup, the excitation light source extends into the light inlet of the first reflecting cup, and the backward and side reflected or scattered light is emitted forward again through the first reflecting cup; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof enable the color temperature to be continuously controllable on the basis of ensuring the maximum light effect, the fluorescent powder layer emits broad-spectrum light under the excitation of the excitation light source, and the broad-spectrum light and part of unabsorbed light source form white light which is emitted outwards through the second reflecting cup. The method can realize adjustable color temperature and has higher utilization rate of the light source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser illumination, in particular to a laser white light illumination light source with adjustable color temperature.
Background
In 1991, high-brightness blue Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) and blue Laser Diodes (LDs) were developed based on gallium nitride in middle villages, so that white Light illumination based on LEDs was possible. At present, LED light sources are relatively popular and widely applied to display screens, traffic signal lamps, automobile lamps, illumination light sources and the like. Although the LED light source is efficient and energy-saving, it has high brightness limitation, and serious light-emitting efficiency decreases with power increase, which also encourages the idea of replacing the excitation light source with blue light or near-ultraviolet LD.
At present, methods for adjusting color temperature are also available for popular LED light sources, such as red, green and blue beads, the color temperature is controlled by adjusting the proportion of the beads of various colors to be lightened, beads of various color temperatures are also available, and the color temperature is controlled by adjusting the lightening of the beads of different color temperatures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser white light illumination light source with adjustable color temperature, which can realize color temperature adjustment and has higher utilization rate of the light source.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a color temperature tunable laser white light illumination source comprising: an excitation light source and a heat dissipation device thereof, a fluorescent powder layer and a regulation and control device thereof and two reflecting cups; wherein:
the excitation light source is embedded into the heat dissipation device and is in full contact with the heat dissipation device; the fluorescent powder layer is tightly attached to the regulating device, and the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is regulated through the regulating device, so that the color temperature is changed; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof are arranged between the first reflecting cup and the second reflecting cup, the excitation light source extends into the light inlet of the first reflecting cup, and the backward and side reflected or scattered light is emitted forward again through the first reflecting cup; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof enable the color temperature to be continuously controllable on the basis of ensuring the maximum light effect, the fluorescent powder layer emits broad-spectrum light under the excitation of the excitation light source, and the broad-spectrum light and part of unabsorbed light source form white light which is emitted outwards through the second reflecting cup.
The excitation light source is a blue LD light source; the heat dissipation device comprises an LD pin groove, an LD groove and a lens groove; the LD groove is arranged inside the lens groove, and the LD pin groove is arranged inside the LD groove; the size of the LD pin groove is consistent with that of the blue LD light source; the LD groove in the heat dissipation device is matched with the base of the blue LD light source, and the gap is filled with heat conduction material; the lens groove is used for fixing the first reflecting cup and the regulating device.
The fluorescent powder layer is made by mixing fluorescent powder and epoxy resin AB glue, a powder-glue ratio enabling the light efficiency to be optimal exists, the manufactured colloidal fluorescent powder layer can keep the powder-glue ratio constant, and the shape is soft and adjustable.
The fluorescent powder layer is clamped between the two parallel glass substrates to play a role in fixing, and the glass substrates move left and right under the control of the regulating and controlling device, so that the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is controlled.
The first reflection cup is hemispherical, and the center of the sphere is coincided with the center of the glass substrate on the left side.
The second light reflecting cup is used for controlling the emergent direction of the light, and if the light is emergent in parallel, the second light reflecting cup is parabolic.
The excitation light source peak wavelength is between 400 nanometers and 460 nanometers.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the color temperature is continuously controllable under the condition of keeping the light effect of the white light source unchanged basically by adopting the method of continuously adjusting the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer; the experimental result shows that under the condition of the same powder-to-glue ratio, the fluorescent powder layers with different thicknesses have little influence on the luminous efficiency and have great influence on the color temperature.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a white laser light illumination source with adjustable color temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a heat dissipation device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a spectrum curve of different thicknesses calculated from specific experimental results according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a variation curve of optical power with bias current at different thicknesses calculated from specific experimental results according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an electro-optic conversion efficiency curve of a blue LD calculated from a specific experimental result and a light-to-white light conversion efficiency curve of blue light to white light under different thicknesses according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a plot of energy going proportion of light emitted by a blue LD passing through phosphor layers of different thicknesses, calculated from specific experimental results according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of light effect curves with different thicknesses calculated from specific experimental results according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a human eye optical performance curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a color temperature adjustable laser white light illumination light source, which comprises: an excitation light source and a heat dissipation device thereof, a fluorescent powder layer and a regulation and control device thereof and two reflecting cups; wherein:
the excitation light source is embedded into the heat dissipation device, so that the excitation light source and the heat dissipation device are in full contact; the fluorescent powder layer is tightly attached to the regulating device, and the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is regulated through the regulating device, so that the color temperature is changed; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof are arranged between the first reflecting cup and the second reflecting cup, and the excitation light source extends into the light inlet of the first reflecting cup; the first reflecting cup is used for sending the backward and side reflected or scattered light forward again; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof enable the color temperature to be continuously controllable on the basis of ensuring the maximum light effect, the fluorescent powder layer emits broad-spectrum light under the excitation of the excitation light source, and the broad-spectrum light and part of unabsorbed light source form white light which is emitted outwards through the second reflecting cup.
As shown in fig. 1, the excitation light source 1 is embedded in the heat sink 2, and the excitation light source is fully contacted with the heat sink, so that the heat sink ensures the normal and stable operation of the excitation light source (blue LD light source). The phosphor layer 3 is sandwiched between two parallel glass substrates 4, and the parallel glass substrates 4 play a role in fixing. The fluorescent powder layer 3 can be made by mixing fluorescent powder and epoxy resin AB glue, a powder-glue ratio enabling the light efficiency to be optimal exists, the prepared colloidal fluorescent powder layer can keep the powder-glue ratio constant, and the shape is soft and adjustable. Because blue laser irradiates on the glass substrate and is reflected in a certain proportion, and yellow light emitted by the yellow fluorescent powder excited by the blue laser has a backward-emitting part, the first light reflecting cup 5 can make the backward and side reflected or scattered light go forward again, so as to reduce the light loss, and the shape of the first light reflecting cup 5 needs to be a hemispherical surface, and the center of the sphere is overlapped with the center of the glass substrate on the left side. The first reflection cup is hemispherical, and the center of the sphere is superposed with the center of the glass substrate on the left side. The glass substrate on the right side moves left and right under the control of the regulating device, so that the thickness of the soft colloidal fluorescent powder layer is changed, the color temperature of the light source is changed according to requirements, the regulating device 6 in the figure 1 is only schematic, and the regulating device can be realized in other modes as long as relevant functions can be realized. The second reflective cup 7 is used to control the emitting direction of the light, and may be specifically designed according to a specific application scenario, and in the embodiment of the present invention, if the light is emitted in parallel, the second reflective cup 7 may be designed in a parabolic shape.
As shown in fig. 2, it is a front view of the heat dissipation device, which includes an LD lead slot 11, an LD slot 12 and a lens slot 13; the LD groove 12 is arranged inside the lens groove 13, and the LD pin groove 11 is arranged inside the LD groove 12; the size of the LD pin slot 11 in the heat dissipation device is consistent with that of the blue LD light source; an LD groove 12 in the heat dissipation device is matched with a base of a blue LD light source, and the gap is filled with heat conduction materials; the lens groove 13 is used to fix the first reflector cup 5 and the control device 6.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the peak wavelength of the excitation light source is between 400 nm and 460 nm.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the color temperature is continuously controllable under the condition of keeping the light effect of the white light source unchanged basically by adopting the method of continuously adjusting the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer. The experimental result shows that under the condition of the same powder-to-glue ratio, the fluorescent powder layers with different thicknesses have little influence on the luminous efficiency and have great influence on the color temperature.
The invention selects the scheme of exciting the yellow fluorescent powder by using the blue LD to finally generate white light as the research direction of the laser white light illumination light source. The influence of factors such as the power of the blue LD, the concentration of the yellow fluorescent powder layer, the thickness of the yellow fluorescent powder layer and the design of the reflecting cup on various performances such as the luminous efficiency, the color temperature and the spatial distribution of the final white light source is large. Therefore, the relation between each performance of the white light source and each factor is determined through experimental tests and data analysis, and the method has great significance for the laser illumination light source in the process of being put into practical application.
The effects of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. The comparison process relates to the case where the phosphor layer thickness is 0mm (i.e., only the blue LD has no phosphor), the case where the phosphor layer thickness is 0.5mm, and the case where the phosphor layer thickness is 1.0 mm. It should be noted that, in this case, only the three cases are taken for comparison and the test is performed, and in fact, the thickness in the embodiment of the present invention is continuously adjustable.
Fig. 3 is a relative spectrum curve for three cases, and it can be clearly seen that the thicker the phosphor layer is, the higher the spectrum of the yellow light part is, and therefore the higher the color temperature, and the experiment shows that the color temperature of the light source is about 5400K when the phosphor layer of 0.5mm is used; the color temperature of the light source is around 4200K when using a 1.0mm phosphor layer.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the variation of optical power with bias current under three conditions, and from the spectrum test data, we can find that the process of exciting the yellow phosphor by the laser diode converts part of the blue light into yellow light (broad spectrum), and that the absorption loss and the stokes shift loss occur when the yellow light is generated by exciting the phosphor by the blue light.
Fig. 5 is an electro-optic conversion efficiency curve of a blue LD and a light-to-white light conversion efficiency curve of blue light when using phosphor layers of different thicknesses, where a black line is the electro-optic conversion efficiency curve, and upper and lower blue lines are the light-to-white light conversion efficiencies corresponding to the phosphor layers of 0.5mm and 1.0mm, respectively. The calculation formulas for calculating the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the LD and the light-optical conversion efficiency of blue light to white light are as follows:
the results obtained show that: when a fluorescent powder layer with the thickness of 0.5mm is used, the conversion efficiency from blue light to white light is about 77 percent; the conversion efficiency of blue to white light is around 66% when a 1.0mm phosphor layer is used.
Fig. 6 is a pie chart of energy destination ratio when blue laser emitted by an LD passes through two phosphor layers of different thicknesses, where the left and right two charts respectively correspond to the light power distribution when the blue laser passes through a 0.5mm phosphor layer and the light power distribution when the blue laser passes through a 1.0mm phosphor layer, including four parts of invariable blue light, conversion to yellow light, conversion to stokes shift loss, and other losses; the A, B, C, D four parts correspond to the unchanged blue part, the yellow light conversion, the stokes shift loss and other losses. And calculating parameters such as the loss of light, the proportion of converting blue light into yellow light and the like according to the spectrum curve.
The existing spectral data is the wavelength λ (nm) and the optical power density P corresponding to the wavelengthλ(mW/nm), wavelength rangeBetween 350nm and 1000nm, and the step is 1 nm. In the subsequent calculation, the power density corresponding to the wavelength within the wavelength range of 0.5nm approximately before and after each discrete point is equal to the power density of the discrete point.
Taking the bias current as 45mA and using a phosphor layer with a thickness of 0.5mm as an example, first, based on the above approximation, the total power of blue light without a phosphor layer and the total power of blue light and yellow light with a phosphor layer are calculated respectively (the yellow light mentioned herein is not only light in the yellow band, but also refers to light with a broad spectrum emitted by a yellow phosphor layer excited by blue light, including partial green and red light components),
the subtraction can result in a total power loss,
Ploss＝Pwo_P-Pw_P＝1.83mW。
according to the power density corresponding to each wavelength, calculating the photon number density N in unit time corresponding to the corresponding wavelengthλ(nm-1·s-1)：
Where h is the Planck constant and c is the speed of light. It can be considered that the number of photons increased between 470nm and 750nm is the number of photons generated by exciting the yellow phosphor with blue laser, and if an ideal wavelength down-conversion process is assumed, i.e. the total conversion quantum efficiency is 1, the increased total number of photons N in the wavelength rangeyellowI.e. the number of blue photons participating in exciting the yellow phosphor. Meanwhile, according to the spectrum without the fluorescent powder layer, the total number N of blue light photons emitted by the LD is calculatedblueThe result of the division is the ratio eta of the blue light actually participating in exciting the yellow fluorescent powder, namely the total quantum efficiency of the wavelength down-conversion process is as follows:
since the laser line width is narrow and symmetric with respect to the peak wavelength, the peak wavelength 444.8nm of the laser is assumed as the excitation wavelength, and the stokes shift loss is calculated for each wavelength:
and summing the losses corresponding to the wavelengths in the range to obtain the total Stokes frequency shift loss:
Pstocks＝1.59mW
the total stokes shift loss is subtracted from the total loss, namely the optical loss caused by other scattering absorption and the like:
Pelse＝Ploss-Pstocks＝0.235mW
the same method was used to calculate the bias current of 45mA for exciting a 1.0mm thick phosphor layer, and the following results were obtained:
from the above results, it can be seen that the main optical power loss is the stokes shift loss that is inevitable in this system. When the thickness of the excited fluorescent powder layer with determined concentration is changed from 0.5mm to 1.0mm, the proportion of blue light which participates in exciting the fluorescent powder integrally is increased a little, but the change is not large, the corresponding change of Stokes frequency shift loss is not large, but the rest loss is greatly increased, and mainly as the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is larger, the effect of scattering and absorption is stronger. Here, a simple assumption can be made that, assuming that light with optical power I transmits through a phosphor layer of a unit thickness, the optical power of α I is absorbed, and α is an absorption coefficient, there is the following formula:
that is, when light having an optical power I (0) passes through a phosphor layer having a thickness x, the emitted light becomes I (x) ═ xI(0)e-αx. From this derivation, it can be concluded that: as the thickness of the phosphor layer increases, the emergent light power will be exponentially attenuated due to the absorption effect of the phosphor layer.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the variation of luminous efficacy of the light source with the LD bias current in three cases, in which the luminous efficacy using a 0.5mm phosphor layer almost coincides with that using a 1.0mm phosphor layer.
On the basis of the foregoing assumption, the power levels of the yellow and blue portions were calculated respectively at a bias current of 45 mA. The luminous power of the emitted yellow light and the blue light is respectively equal to that of a light source using a fluorescent powder layer with the thickness of 0.5mm
The light power of the emitted yellow and blue light is respectively as follows by using a light source with a fluorescent powder layer with the thickness of 1.0 mm:
the calculation results show that when two fluorescent powder layers with different thicknesses are used, the difference of the yellow light power in the light source is not large, the yellow light power emitted by the light source using the fluorescent powder layer with large thickness is slightly higher, and the difference of the yellow light power and the yellow light power is about 2.6%; the difference of the blue light optical power is large, the blue light optical power emitted by the light source using the fluorescent powder layer with large thickness is small, and only about 40% of the blue light optical power emitted by the light source using the fluorescent powder layer with small thickness is used.
According to the luminous efficacy curve of human eyes in fig. 8, the luminous efficacy at 444.8nm is roughly estimated to be between 5% and 10% of the maximum luminous efficacy, while the luminous efficacy corresponding to the light with a wider spectrum emitted by the yellow fluorescent powder is higher, and the overall luminous efficacy of the yellow light is roughly estimated to be more than 50% of the maximum luminous efficacy, so that for the whole light emitted by a light source using a fluorescent powder layer with the thickness of 0.5mm, the blue light is reduced by 1.05mW, and the yellow light is increased by 0.14mW, so that the influence on the luminous efficacy is very small. This is also the reason why the luminous efficacy curves are very close, although the difference in optical power is not small, for light sources obtained using two phosphor layers of different thickness.
The proportion of blue light and yellow light in the two light sources is greatly changed, the change has little influence on the light effect, but the influence on the color temperature is larger.
The above results also show that the overall light efficiency of the light source changes little while the color temperature is adjusted within a certain range, i.e. the thickness change of the fluorescent powder layer is adjusted. Therefore, the color temperature of the light source can be changed by using the method under the condition of ensuring that the light effect is changed slightly. The luminous efficiency here refers to the luminous flux emitted per unit of electric power, in lm/W.
On the other hand, the peak wavelength of the blue light LD in the embodiment of the invention is 445nm, and the wavelength can be changed to 405 nm LD; the heat dissipation base needs to be designed according to the model size of the LD; the color temperature of the light source is adjustable, the brightness of the light source is also adjustable, and the light source can be adjusted by controlling the bias current of the LD, so that the laser white light illumination light source with adjustable brightness and color temperature can be formed. Compared with the prior art mentioned in the background art, the invention has remarkable innovation on the laser white light illumination light source with adjustable color temperature.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A white laser light illumination source with adjustable color temperature is characterized by comprising: an excitation light source and a heat dissipation device thereof, a fluorescent powder layer and a regulation and control device thereof and two reflecting cups; wherein:
the excitation light source is embedded into the heat dissipation device and is in full contact with the heat dissipation device; the fluorescent powder layer is tightly attached to the regulating device, and the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is regulated through the regulating device, so that the color temperature is changed; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof are arranged between the first reflecting cup and the second reflecting cup, the excitation light source extends into the light inlet of the first reflecting cup, and the backward and side reflected or scattered light is emitted forward again through the first reflecting cup; the fluorescent powder layer and the regulating device thereof enable the color temperature to be continuously controllable on the basis of ensuring the maximum light effect, the fluorescent powder layer emits broad-spectrum light under the excitation of an excitation light source, and the broad-spectrum light and part of unabsorbed light source form white light which is emitted outwards through the second reflecting cup;
the fluorescent powder layer is clamped between the two parallel glass substrates to play a role in fixing, and the glass substrates move left and right under the control of the regulating device, so that the thickness of the fluorescent powder layer is controlled.
2. The white light illumination source of claim 1, wherein the excitation light source is a blue LD light source; the heat dissipation device comprises an LD pin groove, an LD groove and a lens groove; the LD groove is arranged inside the lens groove, and the LD pin groove is arranged inside the LD groove; the size of the LD pin groove is consistent with that of the blue LD light source; the LD groove in the heat dissipation device is matched with the base of the blue LD light source, and the gap is filled with heat conduction material; the lens groove is used for fixing the first reflecting cup and the regulating device.
3. The white laser light illumination source with the adjustable color temperature as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phosphor layer is made by mixing phosphor powder and epoxy resin AB glue, a powder-glue ratio for optimizing the light efficiency is present, and the manufactured colloidal phosphor layer can keep the powder-glue ratio constant and has a soft and adjustable shape.
4. The white laser light source as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first reflector cup is hemispherical and has a spherical center coinciding with the center of the left glass substrate.
5. The white laser light illumination source with adjustable color temperature of claim 1, wherein the second reflector cup is used to control the emitting direction of light, and if the light is emitted in parallel, the second reflector cup is parabolic.
6. The white laser light source as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excitation light source has a peak wavelength of 400 nm to 460 nm.
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| CN101192638A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2008-06-04 | 山西乐百利特科技有限责任公司 | Luminous diode element |
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