CN107559193A - A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment - Google Patents
A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention devises a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, including screw rod steam boosting machine, adjustable frequency motor, frequency-conversion control cabinet, automatic sprinkler, intelligent control system, lubricating oil system, cooling water system, accessory system；For equipment safety operation, the minimum clearance of two screw rod proximity contacting surfaces is recommended；Two kinds of water supplementing methods of one-level moisturizing and two-stage moisturizing are proposed, the calculating formula of rate of water make-up and actual fine setting make-up water measure is deduced, gives the parameters relationship of frequency control, solid theoretical foundation is provided for intelligent control；The working range of its permission of equipment：100 145 DEG C of throttle (steam) temperature, 120 185 DEG C of exhaust temperature；Enter the 0.4MPa of pressure 0.1 of vapour, the pressure 0.6 0.9 of steam discharge；Compression ratio 1.5 3.0；Concrete model can require specific design within this range according to user；The steam boosting equipment of the present invention recovers industrial application to exhaust steam broad prospect of application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat pump energy-conserving field, is the helical-lobe compressor using steam as working medium..
Background technology
In the enterprise production process such as many chemical plant, printing and dyeing mill, paper mill, substantial amounts of low-grade exhaust steam and weary is produced
Vapour.They contain very big latent heat of vaporization energy, but because temperature, pressure are relatively low, can not be recycled in industry, long-range in addition to supply
Warm refrigeration is all limited by seasonality again, it is impossible to utilized with industrial production continuous coupling, furthermore, if reclaimed with coagulation
Exhaust steam and the water of exhaust steam, then a large amount of cooling waters are needed to carry out cooling heat transferring, recovery cooling water needs to build cooling tower again, has taken many
Energy, income are little；So many occasions, are simply directly discharged into exhaust steam in air, this causes the thermal pollution of environment again；
Heat pump is from low temperature lifting to the equipment of higher temperature, existing frequently-used heat pump, such as air source heat pump hot water heat energy
Device, with freon working medium circulation, cyclic process includes adiabatic compression, isobaric condensation, isenthalpic throttling and low-pressure low-temperature evaporate four
Canonical process, working medium are evaporated by low-pressure low-temperature and absorbed heat from surrounding air or used heat water source, compressed to be changed into high pressure-temperature, then
The heat that the low-temperature heat quantity of absorption is converted together with compressor consumption work(by condenser condensation, or water heating, or providing warm air, send
To the user for needing heat of high temperature.The heat pump for drawing heat in surrounding air claims air source heat pump, and the COP of its Energy Efficiency Ratio generally exists
Between 2.5-5.And to be absorbed heat from surrounding air and the heat of 80 DEG C of high temperature above applications is provided, because the lifting temperature difference is big, heat pump
COP it is very low.High temperature heat pump uses CO2It is very high for working medium, the operating pressure of system.Therefore, heat pump provides 100 DEG C of heat at present
Amount is highly difficult, and the heat that provide 165 DEG C meets that the needs of some techniques such as chemical industry, papermaking are to heat of high temperature is just more difficult to
.So these heat of high temperature are nearly all the steam offers by burning in boiler at present；
On the other hand, power plant, chemical plant, paper mill produce low-pressure steam again using steam, therefore research and development are given up using low pressure
The heat pump of steam, the heat of high temperature that can obtain industrial some needs are significant.For example, certain chemical plant has largely
0.25-0.3 MPa exhaust steam, and the steam for thering is unit to need 0.6-0.8 MPa in addition, if using steam heat pump
It may accomplish to turn waste into wealth；
Steam heat pump is the key equipment of steam heat pump system, is distinguished according to vapour compression machine principle, the vapour pressure used at present
Contracting owner will have positive displacement：Roots Compressor, helical-lobe compressor；It is centrifugal：Multiply-computer series connection formula centrifugal compressor, multistage are low
Fast cfentrifugal blower, single-stage high-speed centrifugal air blower, assembly type compressor etc.；Centrifugal vapour compression machine passes through at a high speed
The impeller of rotation, rotating speed generally in more than 9000rmp, give swiftly flowing steam, then pass through flow slowing down mechanical energy transmission
And increasing steam pressure, every grade of compression pressure ratio is small, and the vapour compression machine of German import is typically chosen saturated-steam temperature increase by 8
℃；It is generally used for compressing steam of the saturation temperature below 80 DEG C；Domestic Shenyang Blower Factory, Shanxi Air-blower Factory etc. are
Intervention produces such centrifugal vapor compressor, but because it needs titanium alloy and difficulty of processing etc., many skills also be present
Art problem；In addition, its compressed steam amount is very big, it is adapted to use with balance project；The vapour compression machine of roots-type, using double
Dumbbell rotor rotates, and rotating speed is between 980rmp-1450rmp, by each recessed curved surface of dumbbell rotor and cylinder inner wall group
Into swept volume, gas is taken away from air entry in rotor turning course, when moving on to wink for being connected near exhaust outlet with exhaust outlet
Between, because system pipeline has the gas backstreaming of elevated pressures, at this moment the pressure in swept volume raises suddenly, makes vapor (steam) temperature liter
It is high；Two rotor alternations successively, but its volume flow is too small, low unit efficiency is its birth defect；From technical standpoint point
Analysis roots-type vapour compression machine realizes sealing by the gap tightly controlled between two rotors, wheel often requirement on machining accuracy
It is higher, leak rate could be reduced to it is acceptable within the scope of, and leak rate be with entirety efficiency be inversely proportional；It is identical to add
The centrifugal compressor leak rate of work precision is smaller, more efficient.From gap between material angle analysis, lobed rotor compressor roller very
It is small, stainless steel etc. should not be used；Roots-type vapour compression machine is pressurized noncontinuity, there is pressure fluctuation in gas outlet, and noise is big, and
The vapour compression machine of main flow is not turned into；
The helical-lobe compressor and steam screw expander of refrigeration working medium have had business application, it should say Technical comparing maturation；
Helical-lobe compressor has two kinds of single screw rod and twin-screw, and its operation principle is to belong to volume compression, by taking double-screw compressor as an example,
The front cover almost contacted using helical groove, cylinder inner wall and two screw rod bumps, the gas to be absorbed heat from air inlet, at two
During screw rod relatively rotates, the front cover that two screw rod bumps almost contact is elapsed forward, and gas compression is advanced to gas outlet；Due to
Two screw rod stability of rotation, gas compression processes do not have an excessive change of gas flow rate, and noise is small；Double-screw compressor it is original
Property invention and a series of processing technologys research success, helical-lobe compressor is had become main force's core of Large Central Air Conditioning System machine
Equipment；Helical-lobe compressor can be applied successfully in refrigerating field, be because be in the operation of patent working medium with lubricating oil, therefore,
Filled in minim gap between the front cover that two screw rod bumps almost contact between screw rod and cylinder inner wall face by lubricating oil film
Fill out, the chamber of low-pressure is flowed to from the high chamber of pressure so gas compressed will not be produced substantially；Steam screw expansion
Machine applying equation, although not adding lubricating oil in steam, steam expansion, temperature are reduced with solidifying in equipment operation
Generation is born water, these condensates can both serve as lubricating oil, can make up the proximity contacting surface and screw rod and gas of screw rod and screw rod again
Space between the inside wall of cylinder, reduce the restriction loss of gas expansion process；
Steam expansion screw machine is transform as vapour compression machine application, basic change, vapor compression process, gas occur for working condition
Temperature raise, originally design processing screw rod and screw rod proximity contacting surface and screw rod and cylinder inner wall between gap, understand because
Reduce for the thermal expansion of nut stem material, if the too high control of temperature is improper, there is also the phenomenon in friction ablation screw rod face；It is special
It is not more than 1.5 to 2.0 in the compression more than 100 DEG C of high-temperature steams, compression ratio, during even more high compression ratio, equipment is dangerous
Situation is especially prominent；Helical-lobe compressor is set to solve in vapor compression process as vapour compression machine normal use, meet one
Determine to control vapor (steam) temperature under the premise of compression ratio and prevent that screw rod friction ablation from being crucial；At present, do not meet factory steam
0.7-0.8 MPa vapour compression machine is compressed to from 0.3-0.4 MPa, also has no that correlative study is reported.
The content of the invention
In order to solve to reclaim the latent heat of vaporization energy of higher exhaust steam, existing vapour compression machine is overcome not adapt to higher temperature
With the deficiency of higher compression ratios, a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment proposed by the present invention, by steam boosting
The thermodynamic analysis of machine, establishes the theoretical foundation and database of water spray temperature control, then passes through intelligent observing and controlling system, the change of complete paired systems
The real-time detection and regulation and control for condition of starting building, reach the purpose being pressurized safely.
Technical scheme
A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, including：Screw rod steam boosting machine, adjustable frequency motor, frequency-conversion control cabinet,
Automatic sprinkler, intelligent control system, lubricating oil system, cooling water system, accessory system；It is characterized in that：Described screw rod
Steam boosting machine is twin-screw steam boosting machine, including a pair of negative and positive screw rods, cylinder shell, cylinder shell parcel thermal insulation layer,
Bearing block, gear-box, shaft coupling；The motor shaft of described adjustable frequency motor, a pair of negative and positive spiral shells are driven by shaft coupling, gear-box
Bar relatively rotates；Described automatic sprinkler, including booster water pump, replenisher tank, moisturizing regulating valve, nozzle, venturi nozzle；
Described intelligent control system, including frequency-conversion control cabinet, Intelligent control cabinet, the temperature of supercharger inlet steam, pressure probe,
Temperature, pressure probe and the outlet vapor flowmeter of supercharger outlet vapor, oil temperature probe, moisturizing temperature and pressure probe, with
And signal connecting line, data processor can monitor in real time to the operating condition of machine system, main monitored object be supercharger enter,
The temperature of the temperature of outlet vapor, pressure and lubricating oil, prevents over-temp and over-pressure and stable output pressure, to the sound light alarm of failure
And memory function, according to the pressure variable frequency adjustment screw speed of import and export steam；Described lubricating oil system, including band oil cooling
But the grease-box of device, oil pump, oil filter, separator；Described cooling water system, it is to cylinder axis bearing, lubricating oil cooling
The system that device provides less than 30 DEG C qualified industrial collings, include the pipeline and valve of cooling water；Described accessory system, bag
Include into, exhaust line, inlet valve, steam discharge electric control valve, steam discharge check valve, drain valve；The Pipe installing of air intake is in cylinder
The lower section of housing suction end, the Pipe installing of venthole is in the top of cylinder shell exhaust steam end；Text is installed on steam inlet pipe road
Jet pipe in mound, the drain valve of draining when being provided with shutdown on the downside of steam inlet pipe road horizontal segment；Steam outlet pipe is provided with out on road
Vapour electric control valve, check valve, outlet vapor flowmeter；The nozzle of described automatic water-replenishing device is arranged on venturi nozzle
Before throat, venturi nozzle be arranged on steam inlet pipe in.
A kind of described intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, it is characterized in that：Its working range allowed：Enter steam temperature
100-145 DEG C of degree, 120-185 DEG C of exhaust temperature；Enter the pressure 0.1-0.4MPa of vapour, the pressure 0.6-0.9 of steam discharge；Compression ratio
1.5-3.0；Concrete model can require specific design within this range according to user.
A kind of described intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steam boosting machine
Gap between screw rod and screw rodIt has to be larger than from room temperatureTo maximum operation temperatureTwo screw rod radial expansion volumes,
Specifically calculating formula is：
（1）；
In formulaFor distance of shaft centers individual two-by-two, that is, the radius of two screw rods；For the linear expansion coefficient of nut stem material, spiral shell
Bar uses the material of carbon steel.
A kind of described intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, it is characterized in that：Described intelligent control system is root
According to the pressure variable frequency adjustment screw speed of import and export steam, more directly state, be with entering the density of vapour into anti-according to motor speed
The principle of ratio is adjusted, i.e.,
（2）.
A kind of described intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steam boosting machine is prevented
Only the important measures of screw rod overtemperature are intelligent automatic water supplements；Described intelligence automatic water supplement is by temperature, the reality of pressure probe
Border detected value, stored steam Data Base of Chemical Compound and the rate of water make-up calculating formula derived according to the present invention are called, by automatic
The refill flow regulating valve of water replanishing device, adjust rate of water make-up；According to both vapor compression ratio, water supplementing method divides two ways：
Hour, both vapor compression temperature is controlled using single-stage water supplementing method；When, both vapor compression temperature is controlled using two-stage water supplementing method
Degree；
Described single-stage water supplementing method, the i.e. mode in moisturizing of air intake；Theoretically assume preferable isentropic Compression process,
Known outlet vapor is saturated vapor, reversely derives the mass dryness fraction of inlet steam when calculating starting compression, compressed further according to starting
The dryness of wet steam of pointAnd throttle flowCalculate rate of water make-up；
Described twin-stage water supplementing method, it is the mode for carrying out moisturizing twice among air intake and compression respectively；Theoretical enterprising vapour
Rate of water make-up of mouth, according to the condition that steam isentropic Compression to Intermediate Gray water supplement port is saturated vapor, calculate inlet steam
Mass dryness fraction, further according to mass dryness fractionAnd throttle flowCalculate rate of water make-up；The secondary rate of water make-up of Intermediate Gray, according to steam isentropic Compression
Condition to outlet vapor for saturated vapor, design the mass dryness fraction of steam before Intermediate Gray second-compressed, further according to mass dryness fractionWith in
Between carrying vapour flow, calculate secondary rate of water make-up；
（1）One time the specific calculation procedure of rate of water make-up is：
（a）According to the outlet vapor pressure for designing or measuring, call database to find the ratio entropy of saturated vapor；
（b）According to isentropic Compression it is assumed that i.e., and the pressure of inlet steam, call database to find corresponding
Saturated liquid and saturated vapor specific entropy；
（c）The mass dryness fraction of inlet steam is calculated as follows
（3）；
（d）The rate of water make-up of single-stage water supplementing method is calculated according to the definition of mass dryness fraction, the mass dryness fraction of inlet steam is expressed as
（3a）
In formula,Saturation water flow and saturated vapor flow respectively contained by inlet steam, arrange to obtain from vapour source
Saturated vapor flow on the basis of flow, then the saturation water flow supplemented
（4）；
The moisturizing of single-stage water supplementing method is the saturation water prepared according to inlet steam temperature and pressure regulation；
（e）If the isentropic efficiency of supercharger compression process is, can increased work done during compression, set fromPoint is opened
Begin to compress, reachHeat spotRatio enthalpy be
（5）
Wherein,
（6）
Checked in by Data Base of Chemical Compound
Heat spot a temperature, according to, checked in by Data Base of Chemical Compound；
In order to overheat condition not occur, it is necessary to augment water,
（7）
Functional relation can precalculate be placed on call packet in；
One-level water supplementing method, it is in isentropic efficiencyWhen total rate of water make-up be
（8）
（2）First and second rate of water make-up of two-stage water supplementing method is calculated, the steam parameter for arranging import, Intermediate Gray and outlet first is used
Subscript 1,2,3 represents that specific calculation procedure is：
（a）Same formula（3）；
（b）（9）；
（c）Calculate a rate of water make-up calculating formula and formula for two-stage water supplementing method（4）、（8）It is identical；
（d）The secondary rate of water make-up of two-stage water supplementing method is calculated,When,
（10）；
When, set fromPoint starts to compress, and reachesHeat spot c, with reference to formula（7）, it is secondary supplement water be
（11）
Wherein,（12）
The secondary moisturizing of two level water supplementing method, it is in isentropic efficiencyWhen add up to
（13）
The temperature of moisturizing of two-stage water supplementing method will be preheating to inlet steam temperature, the preheating temperature of secondary moisturizing to centre
The temperature of carrying vapour；The pressure of described middle carrying vapour, in theory should be in formula（14）Section：
（14）
The Intermediate Gray of two-stage water supplementing method is to dig to have a moisturizing annular groove, secondary moisturizing among cylinder inner wall length direction
Nozzle alignment Intermediate Gray annular groove be arranged on cylinder jacket on.
A kind of described intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steam boosting machine
In actual motion, because the pressure oscillation of vapour source, the fluctuation of user's steam usage amount can cause the steam of inlet and outlet
Pressure oscillation, the non-isentropic efficiency of vapor compression process is brought to change, so will be by formula（8）And formula（13）On the basis of moisturizing,
Also need to be finely adjusted amendment according to what is actually measured, concrete operation method is：According to outlet vapor pressure, the temperature of test,
Such as one-level water supplementing methodIt is corresponding with being found in databaseSaturated-steam temperature, further according to the temperature differenceSize and change speed, rate of water make-up is reversely finely tuned.
The innovation contribution of the present invention：
（1）The present invention devises a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, main performance index：Compress into vapour 100-
145 DEG C, steam discharge reaches 120-185 DEG C；Pressure operating range：Enter vapour 0.1-0.4MPa；Compression ratio range 1.5-3.0；It compensate for
Domestic HTHP contracting has some factories useless with 0.2-0.3MPa pressure higher than 100 DEG C than the blank of steam boosting machine
Exhaust steam, by a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment of the present invention, outlet steam pressure can be made to reach 0.7-
0.9MPa, recover steam industrial application value or sell outside, than with fuel oil or combustion gas prepare industrial steam method saving several times into
This, society reduces energy resource consumption and environmental pollution, at one stroke multi-party income；
（2）The present invention gives the minimum value in gap between the screw rod proximity contacting surface of steam boosting machine, for screw expander is changed
Make and provide basic guarantee for supercharger；
（3）The present invention proposes two kinds of water supplementing methods, is deduced the calculating formula of rate of water make-up, is looked for for the concrete operations of intelligent moisturizing
Theoretical foundation has been arrived, in addition, giving the automatic water supplement operating method of actual condition, HTHP contracting has been solved and increases than steam
Press can reduce leakage loss the vapor compression process easy occurrence of equipment ablation failure the problem of；Intelligence automatic water supplement technology
It is the key point of the present invention；
（4）The calculating formula of frequency control is given, improves and is asked because the unstable defeated vapour amount brought of initial steam pressure is unstable
Topic.
（5）The present invention a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting machine manufacture experimently out model machine, it was demonstrated that design concept and
Particular technique is feasible.
The application background of the present invention is clear and definite, and design science, system understands, key technology has all been done explanation and more detailed retouched
State, there is provided calculating formula, there is great innovative, obvious advanced and practical practicality.Therefore, to be authorized as early as possible
Patent of the present invention, to implement as early as possible, benefit is brought for enterprise and society.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, and a kind of system of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment forms schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, a kind of system schematic elevation view of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, a kind of knot of the screw rod steam boosting machine of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment
Structure composition schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 1, and a kind of single-stage moisturizing of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment determines mass dryness fraction
T-s illustrate schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is that a kind of two-stage water supplementing method of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting machine determines mass dryness fractionWithT-s say
Express intention..
Embodiment
A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment of embodiment 1 is formed by the explanation of Fig. 1,2,3 substantially；As shown in Figure 1, 2,
A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment of the present invention, including：Screw rod steam boosting machine 1, adjustable frequency motor 3, frequency conversion
Switch board 4, automatic sprinkler, intelligent control system, lubricating oil system 9, cooling water system 6, and included by accessory system
Air intake 7, venthole 11, steam discharge electric control valve 10；Described screw rod steam boosting machine is twin-screw steam boosting machine 1,
As shown in figure 3, the 4 of 23, two screw rods of thermal insulation layer wrapped up including a pair of negative and positive screw rods 20,21, cylinder shell 22, cylinder shell
Individual bearing block 24, gear-box 2, shaft coupling 25；The motor shaft of adjustable frequency motor, a pair of negative and positive are driven by shaft coupling, gear-box
Screw rod relatively rotates；The Pipe installing of air intake is in the lower section of cylinder shell suction end, and the Pipe installing of venthole is in cylinder shell
The top of body exhaust steam end；Venturi nozzle 16 is installed on steam inlet pipe road, draining is hydrophobic at steam inlet pipe road and shutdown
Valve 19；Vapour electric control valve 10, check valve 17, outlet vapor flowmeter 18 are installed out on steam outlet pipe road；Described automatic spray
Water installations, referring to Fig. 2, including booster water pump 12, replenisher tank 13, moisturizing regulating valve 14, nozzle 15, venturi nozzle 16；It is described
Intelligent control system, including：Frequency-conversion control cabinet 4, Intelligent control cabinet 5, the temperature of supercharger inlet steam, pressure probe
T1, P1, the temperature of supercharger outlet vapor, pressure probe T2, P2 and outlet vapor flowmeter 18, oil temperature probe T3, moisturizing temperature
T4 and pressure probe P4 is spent, and signal connecting line, data processor can monitor in real time to the operating condition of machine system, mainly
Monitored object is the temperature of the temperature of supercharger import and export steam, pressure and lubricating oil, prevents over-temp and over-pressure and stable output from pressing
Power, to the sound light alarm of failure and memory function；Described lubricating oil system, including the grease-box 25 with oil cooler, oil
Pump 13, oil filter, separator；Described cooling water system, it is to provide less than 30 DEG C conjunctions to cylinder axis bearing, lube oil cooler
The system of the industrial colling of lattice；
A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting machine of embodiment, Technology design parameter are as follows：
Initial steam parameter：Saturated vapour pressure, rated steam inlet temperature, steam does
Degree, quantity of steam；
Steam parameter after compression：Steam pressure after compression, temperature, steam quality；
Twin-screw steam boosting crew qiting, it is equipped with adjustable frequency motor, frequency-conversion control cabinet；
Screw speed：2500-3500 r/min；Power of motor：250-350 kW, supporting 350 kW (adjustable)；Main frame weight：
1400 kg；Main screw lift：4000 kg；Steam inlet pipe：200 millimeters of caliber, with main 200 millimeters of inlet valves of latus rectum；Steam outlet pipe：Caliber
100 millimeters, the check valve of supporting 100 millimeters of 100 millimeters of steam discharge electric control valves of latus rectum and latus rectum；
Described lubricating oil system, using circulating lubrication mode, system by：Fuel tank（With base one）, oil cooler, oil filter,
Oil pump, separator, lubricating oil pipeline etc. form；Oil pump selects three screw pump, can be run at high speed within long-term；
Essential oil oil filter uses bitubular oil filter；Lubricating oil selects N46 turbine oils, has at higher operating temperatures well
Emulsion resistance inoxidizability, oil pressure cntrol is in 0.1-0.3MPa；
Circulating cooling water flow：3t/h, pressure of supply water：0.1-0.5MPa；
Design in screw rod proximity contacting surface gap：According to formula（1）
Millimeter；
Screw rod distance between axlesMillimeter, linear expansion coefficient of the carbon steel at 20-200 DEG CMillimeter/DEG C, if
It is 200 DEG C to count maximum temperature；Above-mentioned calculating shows that steam helical-lobe compressor is due to thermal expansion, and proximity contacting surface is in low temperature
Compression time gap is big, and defeated vapour efficiency is low；The effect of moisturizing, in addition to prevent screw rod overheat, there is no what is vaporized in initial operating stage
Moisture can fill gap, reduce the loss that low-pressure chamber is leaked into from high-pressure chamber；
A kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting machine of embodiment 1 is to use single-stage water supplementing method, and Fig. 4 is single-stage moisturizing
Determine mass dryness fractionT-s illustrate schematic diagram；
The steam pressure of embodiment 1,
（a）Look into the ratio entropy that steam physical property table obtains saturated vapor
；
（b）According to isentropic Compression it is assumed that i.e., and the pressure of inlet steam, call database to look into
The specific entropy of saturated liquid and saturated vapor corresponding to going out；
（c）The mass dryness fraction of inlet steam is calculated as follows
（3）；
（d）The rate of water make-up of single-stage water supplementing method is calculated according to the definition of mass dryness fraction, the mass dryness fraction of inlet steam is expressed as
（3a）
In formula,Saturation water flow and saturated vapor flow respectively contained by inlet steam, arrange to obtain from vapour source
Saturated vapor flowOn the basis of flow, then the saturation water flow supplemented is
（4）；
The moisturizing of single-stage water supplementing method is the saturation water prepared according to inlet steam temperature and pressure regulation；
If (e) isentropic efficiency of supercharger compression processStart to compress,
ReachRatio enthalpy during MPa is
Physical property storehouse is looked into,；
, check inSuperheat steam temperature during MPa, more than 200 DEG C of highest limiting temperature of design.
Need to augment water in order to which overheat condition does not occur,
（7）
One-level water supplementing method, it is in isentropic efficiencyWhen total rate of water make-up be
（8）
As can be seen here, non-isentropic Compression rate of water make-up is very big；The isentropic efficiency of supercharger will obtain according to measuring, in intelligence
The relation table or fitting formula of supplement water and constant entropy rate can be made in control, then control supplement water；In actual motion,
According to the rate of water make-up of design, and outlet vapor pressure, the temperature actually measuredAnd find corresponding in database's
Saturated-steam temperature, further according to the temperature differenceSize and change speed, to rate of water make-up carry out direct proportion fine setting.
Fig. 3 dotted line, in identicalWithWhen,
, the safety of serious threat supercharger；In order that outlet vapor is maintained at saturated-vapor state, it is necessary to which rate of water make-up is to need rate of water make-up
This explanation take fromPoint starts the water supplementing method of compression
Benefit.
Fig. 5 is that a kind of two-stage water supplementing method of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting machine determines mass dryness fractionWithT-s say
Express intention.In view of this Fig. 4 analytical effects, in the situation of high compression ratio, should use two-stage moisturizing side as shown in Figure 5
Formula；
The energy that supercharger can be made to maintain safe temperature to reduce moisturizing consumption again；The temperature of d points in Fig. 4Obviously higher than c points
Temperature。
Claims (6)
1. a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment, including：Screw rod steam boosting machine, adjustable frequency motor, VFC
Cabinet, automatic sprinkler, intelligent control system, lubricating oil system, cooling water system, accessory system；It is characterized in that：Described spiral shell
Bar steam boosting machine is twin-screw steam boosting machine, including a pair of negative and positive screw rods, cylinder shell, cylinder shell parcel it is heat-insulated
Layer, bearing block, gear-box, shaft coupling；The motor shaft of described adjustable frequency motor, a pair of the moon are driven by shaft coupling, gear-box
Positive screw rod relatively rotates；Described automatic water-replenishing device, including booster water pump, replenisher tank, moisturizing regulating valve, nozzle, venturi
Jet pipe；Described intelligent control system, including frequency-conversion control cabinet, Intelligent control cabinet, the temperature of supercharger inlet steam, pressure
Probe, temperature, pressure probe and the outlet vapor flowmeter of supercharger outlet vapor, oil temperature probe, moisturizing temperature and pressure are visited
Head, and signal connecting line, data processor can monitor in real time to the operating condition of machine system, and main monitored object is supercharging
The temperature of the temperature of machine import and export steam, pressure and lubricating oil, prevents over-temp and over-pressure and stable output pressure, sound to failure
Light alarm and memory function, according to the pressure variable frequency adjustment screw speed of import and export steam；Described lubricating oil system, including
Grease-box, oil pump, oil filter, separator with oil cooler；Described cooling water system, it is to cylinder axis bearing, lubrication
The system that oil cooler provides less than 30 DEG C qualified industrial collings, include the pipeline and valve of cooling water；Described auxiliary
System, including enter, exhaust line, inlet valve, steam discharge electric control valve, steam discharge check valve, drain valve；The Pipe installing of air intake
In the lower section of cylinder shell suction end, the Pipe installing of venthole is in the top of cylinder shell exhaust steam end；Pacify on steam inlet pipe road
Equipped with venturi nozzle, the drain valve of draining when being provided with shutdown on the downside of steam inlet pipe road horizontal segment；Steam outlet pipe is pacified on road
Vapour electric control valve, check valve, outlet vapor flowmeter are housed out；The nozzle of described automatic water-replenishing device is arranged on venturi
Before the throat of jet pipe, venturi nozzle be arranged on steam inlet pipe in.
2. a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steams
The working range that vapour supercharging equipment allows：100-145 DEG C of throttle (steam) temperature, 120-185 DEG C of exhaust temperature；Enter the pressure 0.1- of vapour
0.4MPa, the pressure 0.6-0.9 of steam discharge；Compression ratio 1.5-3.0；Concrete model can require specifically to set within this range according to user
Meter.
3. a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steams
Gap between the screw rod and screw rod of vapour superchargerIt has to be larger than from room temperatureTo maximum operation temperatureTwo screw rod footpaths
To swell increment, specific calculating formula is：
（1）
In formulaFor distance of shaft centers individual two-by-two, that is, the radius of two screw rods；For the linear expansion coefficient of nut stem material, spiral shell
Bar uses the material of carbon steel.
4. a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described intelligence tune
Control system is the pressure variable frequency adjustment screw speed according to import and export steam, is more directly stated, and is with entering vapour according to motor speed
The principle that is inversely proportional of density be adjusted, i.e.,
（2）.
5. a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steams
Vapour supercharger prevents that the important measures of screw rod overtemperature from being intelligent automatic water supplement；Described intelligence automatic water supplement is by temperature, pressure
The actually detected value of power probe, stored steam Data Base of Chemical Compound and the rate of water make-up derived according to the present invention is called to calculate
Formula, by the refill flow regulating valve of automatic water-replenishing device, adjust rate of water make-up；According to both vapor compression ratio, water supplementing method is divided to two kinds
Mode：Hour, both vapor compression temperature is controlled using single-stage water supplementing method；When, using two-stage water supplementing method control
Both vapor compression temperature processed；
Described single-stage water supplementing method, the i.e. mode in moisturizing of air intake；Theoretically assume preferable isentropic Compression process,
Known outlet vapor is saturated vapor, reversely derives the mass dryness fraction of inlet steam when calculating starting compression, compressed further according to starting
The dryness of wet steam of pointAnd throttle flowCalculate rate of water make-up
Described twin-stage water supplementing method, it is the mode for carrying out moisturizing twice among air intake and compression respectively；Theoretical enterprising vapour
Rate of water make-up of mouth, according to the condition that steam isentropic Compression to Intermediate Gray water supplement port is saturated vapor, calculate inlet steam
Mass dryness fraction, further according to mass dryness fractionAnd throttle flowCalculate rate of water make-up；The secondary rate of water make-up of Intermediate Gray, according to steam constant entropy pressure
The condition that outlet vapor is saturated vapor is reduced to, designs the mass dryness fraction of steam before Intermediate Gray second-compressed, further according to mass dryness fractionWith
Intermediate Gray steam flow, calculate secondary rate of water make-up；
（1）One time the specific calculation procedure of rate of water make-up is：
（a）According to the outlet vapor pressure for designing or measuring, call database to find the ratio entropy of saturated vapor；
（b）According to isentropic Compression it is assumed that i.e., and the pressure of inlet steam, call database to find corresponding
The specific entropy of saturated liquid and saturated vapor；
（c）The mass dryness fraction of inlet steam is calculated as follows
（3）；
（d）The rate of water make-up of single-stage water supplementing method is calculated according to the definition of mass dryness fraction, the mass dryness fraction of inlet steam is expressed as
（3a）
In formula,Saturation water flow and saturated vapor flow respectively contained by inlet steam, arrange to obtain from vapour source
Saturated vapor flow on the basis of flow, then the saturation water flow supplemented
（4）；
The moisturizing of single-stage water supplementing method is the saturation water prepared according to inlet steam temperature and pressure regulation；
（e）If the isentropic efficiency of supercharger compression process is, can increased work done during compression, set fromPoint is opened
Begin to compress, reachHeat spot a ratio enthalpy be
（5）
Wherein,
（6）
Checked in by Data Base of Chemical Compound
Heat spot a temperature, according to, checked in by Data Base of Chemical Compound；
In order to overheat condition not occur, it is necessary to augment water,
（7）
Functional relation can precalculate be placed on call packet in；
One-level water supplementing method, it is in isentropic efficiencyWhen total rate of water make-up be
（8）
（2）First and second rate of water make-up of two-stage water supplementing method is calculated, the steam parameter for arranging import, Intermediate Gray and outlet first is used
Subscript 1,2,3 represents that specific calculation procedure is：
（a）Same formula（3）；
（b）（9）；
（c）Calculate a rate of water make-up calculating formula and formula for two-stage water supplementing method（4）、（8）It is identical；
（d）The secondary rate of water make-up of two-stage water supplementing method is calculated,When,
（10）；
When, set fromPoint starts to compress, and reachesHeat spot c, with reference to formula（7）, it is secondary supplement water be
（11）
Wherein,（12）
The secondary moisturizing of two level water supplementing method, it is in isentropic efficiencyWhen add up to
（13）
The temperature of moisturizing of two-stage water supplementing method will be preheating to inlet steam temperature, the preheating temperature of secondary moisturizing to centre
The temperature of carrying vapour；The pressure of described middle carrying vapour, in theory should be in formula（14）Section：
（14）
The Intermediate Gray of two-stage water supplementing method is to dig to have a moisturizing annular groove, secondary moisturizing among cylinder inner wall length direction
Nozzle alignment Intermediate Gray annular groove be arranged on cylinder jacket on.
6. a kind of intelligent control twin-screw steam boosting equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described screw rod steams
Vapour supercharger in actual motion, due to the pressure oscillation of vapour source, the fluctuation of user's steam usage amount can cause import and
The steam pressure fluctuation of outlet, brings the non-isentropic efficiency of vapor compression process to change, so will be by formula（8）And formula（13）Moisturizing
On the basis of, it is also necessary to amendment is finely adjusted according to what is actually measured, concrete operation method is：According to the outlet vapor pressure of test
Power, temperature, such as one-level water supplementing methodIt is corresponding with being found in databaseSaturated-steam temperature, further according to
The temperature differenceSize and change speed, rate of water make-up is reversely finely tuned.
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| CN109458341A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-12 | 上海山田机械有限公司 | A kind of automatic control system in water lubrication air compressor |
| CN110566464A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-13 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Single-screw compressor system, starting method and double-effect evaporation system |
| CN114046449A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2022-02-15 | 浙江大学 | Steam compression system with inlet steam parameter control function |
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