CN107557837A - Car body of aluminum alloy component is glued front surface processing technology, car body of aluminum alloy component, bodywork component connection method, vehicle body and automobile - Google Patents
Car body of aluminum alloy component is glued front surface processing technology, car body of aluminum alloy component, bodywork component connection method, vehicle body and automobile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of car body of aluminum alloy component to be glued front surface processing technology, car body of aluminum alloy component, bodywork component connection method, vehicle body and automobile, is related to car body of aluminum alloy interconnection technique field.The process of surface treatment includes anodized step and Seal treatment step；Contain H during anodized in anodizing solution2SO4, current density is 1.4~1.6A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 17~20 DEG C, and processing rear oxidation film thickness is 2~10 μm；Seal treatment is carried out with the hot water that temperature is 96~100 DEG C, off-period is 10~45min.The process conditions that the present invention alleviates traditional universality can not give full play to the intensity and performance of splicing, it is impossible to reach the switching performance requirement for meeting all-aluminium body, connect rear combination property it is poor the defects of.Bonding property after being glued by using the bodywork component after the handling process processing of the present invention is higher than welding performance, and corrosion resisting property improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to car body of aluminum alloy interconnection technique field, is glued in particular to a kind of car body of aluminum alloy component
Front surface processing technology, car body of aluminum alloy component, bodywork component connection method, vehicle body and automobile.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has the advantages that mechanical property is good, light weight, has been widely used in every profession and trade, especially in light weight
Change and require on higher aerospace vehicle field and high-grade sport car.It can use and mechanically connect between aluminium alloy element, such as
Common aluminum alloy body frame interconnection technique is welded and riveting method, but both are all the connection methods of point or linear contact lay, are held
Stress concentration, the defects of causing bonding strength not high easily occurs.Applied with lightweight car body of aluminum alloy technology on automobile
To promote, the interconnection technique of automobile-used aluminium alloy element also increasingly paid close attention to by industry, and as the important of safety and vehicle performance
Influence factor.
Splicing is the connected mode that adherend is combined together by adhesive, because splicing is the connection side of face contact
Formula, has that structure weightening is small, the time is short, cost is low, be glued efficiency high and to produce new stress concentration etc. excellent to being glued component
Point, it is applied at present in space flight field., also can be quickly in dry air because the affinity of aluminium alloy and oxygen is stronger
The thick non-porous amorphous state Al of 2~3nm are formed in the aluminium surface of cleaning2O3, its surface should be carried out before being glued connection or Bonding Repair
Necessary surface treatment.Aluminium alloy, which is glued component, many excellent performances, but because the processing step of splicing is more, and
The final mass for being glued component is formed during adhesive technology, so the quality being glued is easily by the shadow of many factors
Ring, the particularly influence of process of surface treatment.It is glued the surface treatment of component, may be considered adhesive technology in a sense
Beginning, the quality of surface treatment quality will directly influence the intensity of splicing.
The surface treatment of aluminium alloy is a conversion process, and its main function is to remove its superficial layer material, is avoided at it
It is glued on weak oxide layer, while changes its surface topography, increase surface area and raising surface energy, strengthens the machinery on bonding interface
Engagement.Aluminium alloy glue surfaces processing method has physical method and the major class of chemical method two at present, with solvent to aluminium
The cleaning on material surface and degreasing, sand paper and emery cloth polishing, sandblasting and machining etc. belong to physical method；And use anodic oxygen
Change processing then belongs to chemical method for treating surface.Research finds, undressed bonding stretch-proof cutting performance be not it is fine, this
It is that the oxide-film of its surface autoxidation generation is very thin and cracky because when aluminium alloy test piece is exposed in air；In addition,
Undressed aluminium alloy strip is more smooth, surface energy is not high, and therefore, its adhesive strength is weaker.Traditional sulfuric acid sun
Pole oxidation is generally used for building trade, can obtain the preferable film layer of adsorptivity, suitable for general protection or as painting layer
Bond coating；Sulphuric acid oxidation coating is porous, and voidage is about 35%；Adsorption capacity is strong, easy to dye, is widely used in filling
Adorn purpose.Such technique is mainly closed to micropore after anodic oxidation, and sealing effect is better, and corrosive nature is more excellent, but is glued
Degradation.
It is also less in adhesive technology research of the automotive field for aluminium alloy at present, using the process conditions of traditional universality
The intensity and performance of splicing can not be given full play to, it is impossible to reach the switching performance requirement for meeting all-aluminium body, connect rear
Combination property is poor.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide the process of surface treatment before a kind of car body of aluminum alloy component is glued, using this
Car body of aluminum alloy component surface after process of surface treatment processing forms the polar oxygen compound γ-Al of specific thicknesses2O3Oxide-film
Layer, while micropore is in half envelope state after Seal treatment, corrosion resisting property improves, not only anticorrosive, and cementing property is good, ensure that
Protection and bonding property, improve bonding quality.Process of surface treatment before being glued by using the car body of aluminum alloy component is handled
Car body of aluminum alloy component is glued afterwards, bonding property is higher than welding performance, disclosure satisfy that the switching performance of all-aluminium body will
Ask.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the surface treatment before the car body of aluminum alloy component splicing described in a kind of application
The car body of aluminum alloy component that PROCESS FOR TREATMENT obtains, the component surface form the polar oxygen compound γ-Al of specific thicknesses2O3Oxide-film
Layer, the oxidation film layer thickness can obtain the combination property needed for optimal vehicle, and formation is uniform porous, in Bonding Process
Middle gluing agent molecule is penetrated into micropore, is formed and preferably mechanically connected, the maximum after being glued using the car body of aluminum alloy component
It is glued load and energy disclosure satisfy that the switching performance requirement of all-aluminium body.
The third object of the present invention is that providing a kind of aluminium for being glued multiple described car body of aluminum alloy components closes
The connection method of golden bodywork component, this method use the splicing connection method of face contact, and bonding strength is high, strong more than traditional welding
Degree, is not susceptible to stress concentration, fatigue strength is also of a relatively high, and combination property is excellent, meets the connectivity of high intensity all-aluminium body
Energy.
The connection method that the fourth object of the present invention is to provide the car body of aluminum alloy component described in a kind of application connects
The car body of aluminum alloy arrived, the bus body strength are high.
The fifth object of the present invention is to provide a kind of automobile for including described car body of aluminum alloy, and the vehicle body of the automobile is light
Matter and intensity height.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme：
According to the first aspect of the invention, there is provided the process of surface treatment before a kind of car body of aluminum alloy component splicing,
Including anodized step and Seal treatment step；
Contain H during anodized in anodizing solution2SO4, current density is 1.4~1.6A/dm2, anodic oxidation temperature
Spend for 17~20 DEG C, anodized rear oxidation film thickness is 2~10 μm；
Seal treatment is carried out to the car body of aluminum alloy component after anodized with the hot water that temperature is 96~100 DEG C,
Off-period is 10~45min.
[anodized]
Anodized is that car body of aluminum alloy component is put into the oxidation container containing anodizing solution as anode,
Using stereotype as negative electrode, under specific process conditions, in the presence of impressed current, one layer is formed on car body of aluminum alloy component
The process of oxide-film.
In the present invention, anodizing solution includes H2SO4, current density is 1.4~1.6A/dm2, anodizing temperature 17
~20 DEG C, anodized rear oxidation film thickness is 2~10 μm.
Anodizing solution is mainly sulfuric acid solution, using sulphuric acid anodizing method, have low production cost, corrosion resistance,
Wearability is good and meets the advantage of the adhesive property of high intensity vehicle body.
It is understood that H2SO4The concentration of solution can be using sulfuric acid in conventional anodes method for oxidation as anodic oxidation
Concentration during liquid.
It is, for example, 1.4A/dm that current density is typical but non-limiting during anodic oxidation2、1.5A/dm2Or 1.6A/dm2。
It is, for example, 17 DEG C, 18 DEG C, 19 DEG C or 20 DEG C that oxidizing temperature is typical but non-limiting during anodic oxidation.
By in 1.4~1.6A/dm2Current density and 17~20 DEG C of anodizing temperature special process parameter bar
Under part, the anodizing solution using main component as sulfuric acid carries out anodized to car body of aluminum alloy component, makes last oxygen
It is 2~10 μm to change film thickness.The typical but non-limiting oxide thickness obtained after anodic oxidation is, for example, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μ
M, 5 μm, 6 μm, 7 μm, 8 μm, 9 μm or 10 μm.
By the way that anodized layer thickness control within the specific limits, disclosure satisfy that to the combination property needed for vehicle relatively most
Excellent, when oxide thickness is in 2~10 μm, the maximum splicing load of car body of aluminum alloy component and energy are outstanding after splicing, are cars
Combination property needed for relatively preferably, disclosure satisfy that the switching performance of high intensity all-aluminium body.
[Seal treatment]
Loose structure and strong absorption property due to anode oxide film, surface is easily contaminated, is especially in corrosive atmosphere
In, corrosion is easily caused in corrosive medium access aperture, therefore, the epithelium after anodic oxidation needs to carry out Seal treatment, to improve
The anticorrosive of oxide-film, insulation and the performance such as wear-resisting, and weaken its absorption to impurity or greasy dirt.But sealing effect is better,
Corrosion resistance is more excellent, but have impact on follow-up bonding property.
The present invention is closed using hot water, and closure temperature is 96~100 DEG C, and off-period is 10~45min.
Hot water closing, which refers to, to be handled in boiling water or hot water close to boiling point car body of aluminum alloy component.
It is, for example, 96 DEG C, 97 DEG C, 98 DEG C, 99 DEG C or 100 DEG C that closure temperature is typical but non-limiting during Seal treatment.
During Seal treatment off-period it is typical but non-limiting be, for example, 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min,
30min, 35min, 40min or 45min.
By closing 10~45min in 96~100 DEG C of hot water to the car body of aluminum alloy component after anodized,
Oxide-film micropore is set to be in semi-closed state, not only car body of aluminum alloy component decay resistance improves, and cementing property is good, ensures
Protection and bonding property, improve bonding quality.
Cell morphology promotes adhesive property after the present invention utilizes anodic oxidation, can be formed uniform porous, makes be glued
During gluing agent molecule penetrate into micropore, it is formed preferably mechanically connect.After anodization, its Surface Creation pole
Oxide γ-the Al of property2O3, the presence of polar oxygen compound can improve its dispersion force and model on interface between adhesive
De Huali, while form covalent bond between the polar group in adhesive.Use anode of the main component of the present invention for sulfuric acid
Oxidation solution is in 1.4~1.6A/dm2Current density and 17~20 DEG C of anodizing temperature under the conditions of to car body of aluminum alloy component
Anodized surface processing is carried out, the car body of aluminum alloy component surface after processing is formed the oxidation of 2~10 microns of specific thicknesses
Film layer, while by closing 10~45min in 96~100 DEG C of hot water, the oxide-film micropore after Seal treatment is in half
Envelope state, corrosion resisting property improve.Pass through the aluminium alloy element not only anti-corruption after anodized and Seal treatment processing
Erosion, and cementing property is good, by the aluminium after the process of surface treatment processing before being glued using car body of aluminum alloy component of the present invention
Alloy bodywork component is glued, and bonding property is higher than welding performance, disclosure satisfy that the switching performance requirement of all-aluminium body, effectively
It ensure that vehicle performance.6063 aluminum alloy specimens after being handled by using present invention process, the maximum splicing of test piece after splicing
Load is up to more than 30KN, and for energy up to more than 150J, the standard for meeting all-aluminium body extrudate 6063 designs switching performance
It is required that while the resistance to neutral salt spray test of aluminum alloy spare part after being handled by using present invention process can reach more than 1200h.
Preferably, the H in anodized2SO4Solution concentration is 170~190g/L (bodies of quality/water of sulfuric acid
Product), such as 170g/L, 180g/L or 190g/L.
The concentration of sulfuric acid solution influences on oxide thickness with certain, and sulfuric acid solution concentration is excessive, it is not easy to film forming, sulphur
Acid solutions are too small, easy film forming, but film forming thickness is thicker.
Preferably, the also aluminium ion containing 2~15g/L in anodizing solution, aluminium ion concentration are 2~15g/L (aluminium in water
The volume of example quality/water), for example, 2g/L, 3g/L, 4g/L, 5g/L, 6g/L, 7g/L, 8g/L, 10g/L, 12g/L, 13g/L,
14g/L or 15g/L.
By adding aluminium ion, aluminum ions deficiency in water can be supplemented, contributes to oxide-film on car body of aluminum alloy component
Formation.Oxide-film solvability is stronger when in anodic oxidation solution as without aluminium ion, anodic oxidation, it is difficult to obtains normal
Thicknesses of layers, the corrosion resistance and wearability of film layer also decline.
Preferably, in Seal treatment, the pH of confining liquid hot water control is 5.5~6.5, for example, 5.5,6.0 or 6.5.
By using the confining liquid hot water that pH value is 5.5~6.5, can further optimize sealing effect, pH value it is excessive or
Too small, sealing effect understands some declines.
Preferably, the electrical conductivity control of confining liquid hot water is less than 2000 μ s/m, for example, 100 μ s/m, 500 μ s/m,
1000 μ s/m, 1500 μ s/m or 1800 μ s/m.
The electrical conductivity of confining liquid hot water is excessive, and resistance is small in water, is unfavorable for obtaining optimal sealing effect.
Preferably, total solid concentration of suspension is controlled in 0~30mg/L, for example, 0.1mg/L, 1mg/ in confining liquid hot water
L, 5mg/L, 10mg/L, 20mg/L or 30mg/L.
Total solid concentration of suspension is excessive in confining liquid hot water, and impurity is more, can influence sealing effect.
Preferably, heat-seal additive is added during closing in the hot water, heat-seal additive can use conventional heat-seal
Additive, preferably using the HS98 heat-seal additives of Almetron companies, the concentration of HS98 heat-seal additives is during use
1.5~4mg/L, such as 1.5mg/L, 2mg/L, 2.5mg/L, 3mg/L or 4mg/L.
By adding HS98 heat-seal additives, can further be lifted after anodic oxidation to the sealing effect of oxide-film.
Preferably, contain 170~190g/L's on the basis of technical scheme provided by the invention, in anodizing solution
H2SO4With 2~15g/L aluminium ion, current density is 1.4~1.5A/dm2, anodizing temperature is 18~20 DEG C, anodic oxygen
It is 2~4 μm to change processing rear oxidation film thickness.
Further preferably, the H containing 180~190g/L in anodizing solution2SO4It is close with 5~10g/L aluminium ion, electric current
Spend for 1.5A/dm2, anodizing temperature is 18 DEG C, and anodized rear oxidation film thickness is 4 μm.
By further optimizing the technological parameters such as anodized current density and oxidizing temperature, oxide thickness
In 2~4 μ ms, it can further improve the maximum of car body of aluminum alloy component after being glued and be glued load and energy, make cementing
Intensity afterwards is optimal effect.
Preferably, on the basis of technical scheme provided by the invention, with pH be 5.5~6.5, temperature be 96~100 DEG C
And the hot water containing 1.5~4mg/L heat-seal additives HS98 seals to the car body of aluminum alloy component after anodized
Processing is closed, off-period is 10~45min.
Further preferably, be 6 with pH, temperature be 98~100 DEG C and containing 2~3mg/L heat-seal additives HS98 heat
Water carries out Seal treatment to the car body of aluminum alloy component after anodized, and off-period is 30~45min.
By further optimizing sealing condition parameter and adding heat-seal additive HS98, anode can be further lifted
To the sealing effect of oxide-film after oxidation, on the premise of preferable bonding property is ensured, aluminium alloy element is further lifted
Corrosion resisting property.
Preferably, on the basis of technical scheme provided by the invention, the surface treatment before the splicing of car body of aluminum alloy component
Technique, also include pre-treatment step before anodized step；
Pre-treatment step includes oil removing, once alkaline etching, cleaning, ash disposal and secondary cleaning.
Oil removing
Oil removing is also known as skimming processes, and the impurity of car body of aluminum alloy component and grease are got off from surface erosion, removes dirt.
Fuel-displaced process can use conventional degreasing fluid to carry out, it is preferred to use the LQ18 degreasing fluids of Almetron companies, make
Used time, containing the LQ18 degreasing fluids that volume fraction is 3~10% in oil removing container (such as degreasing tank), except oil temperature is 50~70
DEG C, the oil removing time is 4~60min.It is preferred that except oil temperature is 60~70 DEG C, the oil removing time is 10~60min；Further preferably,
Except oil temperature is 60~65 DEG C, the oil removing time is 20~50min.
The typical but non-limiting volume fraction of LQ18 degreasing fluids be 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or
10%.
It is typical but non-limiting except oil temperature is, for example, 50 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C or 70 DEG C；It is typical but unrestricted
The oil removing time of property is, for example, 4min, 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min or 60min.
By using specific degreasing fluid, the dirt of car body of aluminum alloy component surface can be removed well.
Alkaline etching
Alkaline etching process refers to mechanical line and natural oxide film, the dusting that aluminum alloy surface is removed using alkali lye.Alkaline etching process
It can be carried out in alkaline etching container (such as alkaline etching groove).
The alkaline etching speed of alkaline etching process is 3~7g/m2/ min, i.e., per 30~70g/m of 10min alkaline etchings2。
Typical but non-limiting alkaline etching speed is 3g/m2/min、4g/m2/min、5g/m2/min、6g/m2/ min or 7g/
m2/min。
Preferably, with the NaOH containing 60~100g/L, 130~180g/L Al powder and 15~25g/L additive
Alkaline etchant carries out alkaline etching.
The typical but non-limiting concentration of NaOH is 60g/L, 70g/L, 80g/L, 90g/L or 100g/L in Alkaline etchant.
The typical but non-limiting concentration of Al powder is 130g/L, 140g/L, 150g/L, 160g/L or 180g/ in Alkaline etchant
L。
Additive is added in Alkaline etchant, conventional sodium gluconate, preferable additives Almetron can be selected in additive
The 1015Blend of company.
The typical but non-limiting concentration of additive is 15g/L, 16g/L, 18g/L, 20g/L or 25g/L in Alkaline etchant.
1015Blend prevents Al from precipitating, complex compound is formed by complex reaction as additive.Process increase Al has
Help control alkaline etching speed, prevent etch pit.
Ash disposal
Ash disposal mainly removes dust after alkaline etching, prevents from polluting oxidation container (such as oxidation trough).
Ash disposal process uses sulfuric acid solution, and the ash disposal time is 4~20min, for example, 4min, 5min, 10min, 15min or
20min；Preferably, the concentration of sulfuric acid solution is 150~500g/L, for example, 150g/L, 200g/L, 250g/L, 300g/L,
350g/L, 400g/L, 450g/L or 500g/L.
Relative to salpeter solution ash disposal, sulfuric acid ash disposal is more environmentally friendly, safer.
Further preferably, ash disposal process uses the D17Blend of Almetron companies, D17Blend volume integral during use
Number is 2~10%, such as 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%.
By using finite concentration D17Blend, for extrudate 6 be alloy dedusting effect it is obvious.
Once clean
Cleaning can be carried out in cleaning container (such as rinse bath).
Preferably, once cleaning includes three times cleaning processes, first pass clean with the NaOH containing 5~25g/L and 0~
The solution cleaning of 60g/L Al powder, first pass cleaning temperature is 35~45 DEG C, and first pass scavenging period is 1.5~6min, second
Independently cleaned all over the 3rd time cleaning using running water, scavenging period is 0.5~7min.
The typical but non-limiting concentration of NaOH is 5g/L, 10g/L, 15g/L, 20g/L or 25g/L when first pass cleans.
When first pass cleans Al powder typical but non-limiting concentration be 0.1g/L, 1g/L, 2g/L, 5g/L, 10g/L,
20g/L, 30g/L, 40g/L, 50g/L or 60g/L.
Typical but non-limiting first pass cleaning temperature is, for example, 35 DEG C, 40 DEG C or 45 DEG C；First pass scavenging period allusion quotation
Type but nonrestrictive for example, 1.5min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min or 6min.
Second time scavenging period it is typical but non-limiting be, for example, 0.5min, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min,
6min or 7min.
3rd time scavenging period it is typical but non-limiting be, for example, 0.5min, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min,
6min or 7min.
Once cleaning is logical goes over alkali cleaning and twice of tap water rinse can effectively clean solution after oil removing early stage, alkaline etching
Residual, avoids having an impact subsequent technique.
Secondary cleaning
Preferably, secondary cleaning includes twice of cleaning process, and twice of cleaning is independently cleaned using running water, during cleaning
Between be 0.5~25min.
Secondary cleaning first pass and second time scavenging period it is typical but non-limiting be, for example, 0.5min, 1min, 5min,
10min, 15min, 20min or 25min.
Preferably, it is 0~50ppm to control running water chlorine ion concentration, for example, 0.1ppm, 0.5ppm, 1ppm, 5ppm,
10ppm, 20ppm, 30ppm, 40ppm or 50ppm.
Twice of running water cleaning is carried out after ash disposal, the solution in effectively clean pretreatment process, prevents solution residual to aluminium
Alloy substrate causes to damage, and influences follow-up anodized.
By to aluminium alloy element include oil removing, once alkaline etching, cleaning, ash disposal and secondary before anodized
The pretreatment process of cleaning, aluminium material surface greasy dirt and natural oxide film can be removed well, and obtain bright activity
Surface, it is smaller to matrix damage so as to be ready to carry out anodic oxidation, reduce aluminium loss, to aluminium through alkali etch
Surface dust afterwards effectively specific aim can remove, and the dissolving to matrix aluminium is few, while also has to surface certain
Bright levelling acts on.
Further, on the basis of technical scheme provided by the invention, anodized step and Seal treatment step
Between also include cleaning step three times；
Cleaning includes twice of running water cleaning three times and a deionized water is cleaned.
Clean three times
Twice of running water cleaning, a deionized water cleaning are carried out after anodic oxidation.
Aluminium alloy element surface is rinsed with running water after preferred anodes oxidation, regulation running water pH is 0~4, water
1.5~7min of scavenging period, temperature are room temperature；Workpiece surface is rinsed with running water again, water scavenging period be 0.5~
6min, control running water pH be 2~6 between；Workpiece surface is cleaned with deionized water, scavenging period be 0.5~
30min, it is 0.1~200 μ s/cm to control deionized water electrical conductivity.
Clean first pass three times to clean using running water, running water pH is, for example, 0.2,0.5,1,2,3 or 4, and first pass is certainly
Typical but non-limiting water scavenging period is, for example, 1.5min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min, 6min or 7min.
Clean two times and cleaned using running water three times, running water pH is, for example, 2,3,4,5 or 6, second time running water cleaning
The typical but non-limiting time is, for example, 0.5min, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min or 6min.
Clean the 3rd time and cleaned using deionized water three times, deionized water electrical conductivity is, for example, 0.1 μ s/cm, 1 μ s/cm, 5 μ
S/cm, 10 μ s/cm, 20 μ s/cm, 50 μ s/cm, 80 μ s/cm, 100 μ s/cm, 150 μ s/cm or 200 μ s/cm, deionized water cleaning
Time it is typical but non-limiting be, for example, 0.5min, 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min,
25min or 30min.
Residue sour on car body of aluminum alloy component after anodic oxidation can be effectively removed by cleaning, carries out Seal treatment
Prepare, prevent from aoxidizing fouling membrane while prevent oxide-film from closing too early.
A kind of process of surface treatment before typical car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(a) oil removing：Oil removing is carried out to car body of aluminum alloy component using degreasing fluid, except oil temperature is 50~70 DEG C, during oil removing
Between be 4~60min；
(b) alkaline etching：Using the NaOH containing 60~100g/L, 130~180g/L Al powder and 15~25g/L additive
Alkaline etchant carry out alkaline etching, alkaline etching temperature be 65~72 DEG C, the alkaline etching time is 5~20min, and it is 3~7g/ to control alkaline etching speed
m2/min；
(c) alkali cleaning：Cleaned using the solution of the NaOH containing 5~25g/L and 0~60g/L Al powder, cleaning temperature 35
~45 DEG C, scavenging period is 1.5~6min；
(d) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 0.5~7min；
(e) ash disposal：Using sulfuric acid solution ash disposal, the ash disposal time is 4~20min；
(f) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 0.5~25min；
(g) anodic oxidation：Use the H for 170~190g/L containing the aluminum ions concentration of 5~10g/L2SO4Solution is as sun
Pole oxidation solution, current density is 1.4~1.6A/dm during anodized2, oxidizing temperature is 17~20 DEG C, at anodic oxidation
It is 2~10 μm to manage rear oxidation film thickness；
(h) washed one time using running water, washing time is 1.5~7min, and running water pH is 0~4；
(i) washed one time using running water, washing time is 0.5~6min, and running water pH is 2~6；
(j) washed one time using deionized water, washing time is 0.5~30min, and deionized water electrical conductivity is 0.1~200
μs/cm；
(k) close：To use pH for 5.5~6.5, total solid concentration of suspension be 0~30mg/L, temperature is 96~100 DEG C
And the hot water containing 1.5~4mg/L heat-seal additives HS98 carries out Seal treatment, off-period is 10~45min.
Process of surface treatment before the typical car body of aluminum alloy component is glued includes oil removing, alkaline etching, cleaning (alkali cleaning one
All over, washing twice), ash disposal, cleaning (washing twice), anodic oxidation, cleaning (washing three times) and high temperature closure process, pass through this
Mutual cooperation between process and working procedure parameter a bit, the car body of aluminum alloy component surface after processing form 2~10 μm of oxide-film,
Pass through Seal treatment simultaneously, corrosion resisting property improves, the car body of aluminum alloy component cementing property after being handled using the process of surface treatment
Can be good, the bonding strength after splicing is welded to connect intensity higher than traditional, by using 6063 aluminium alloys after the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT
Sample, the maximum load of being glued of test piece can reach 37KN after splicing, and energy meets all-aluminium body extrudate 6063 up to 200J
Standard design switching performance requirement.In addition, the aluminum alloy spare part corrosion resisting property after processing improves, processing is found by experiment that
The resistance to neutral salt spray test of parts afterwards can reach 1400h, higher than common aluminum alloy material.
According to the second aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of surface using before above-mentioned car body of aluminum alloy component splicing
Handling process handles obtained car body of aluminum alloy component, including car body of aluminum alloy component matrix and car body of aluminum alloy component matrix table
The oxide-film in face.
Process of surface treatment before being glued by using the car body of aluminum alloy component of the present invention enables aluminum alloy to bodywork component table
Face forms the polar oxygen compound γ-Al that thickness is 2~10 μm2O3Oxidation film layer, form the micropore of specific morphology and structure, energy
Enough formation is uniform porous, the gluing agent molecule in Bonding Process is penetrated into micropore, formed preferably to mechanically connect.
The oxidation film layer thickness can obtain the combination property needed for optimal vehicle, after being glued using the car body of aluminum alloy component most
Big splicing load and energy disclosure satisfy that the switching performance requirement of all-aluminium body.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of connection method of car body of aluminum alloy component, will be multiple above-mentioned
Car body of aluminum alloy component be glued.This method is by using the car body of aluminum alloy component after the processing of above-mentioned process of surface treatment
It to be glued, the splicing connection method of this face contact is high by bonding strength after surface treatment, more than traditional welding intensity,
And stress concentration is not susceptible to, fatigue strength is also of a relatively high, and combination property is excellent, can obtain the all-aluminium body of high intensity.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of connection method using above-mentioned car body of aluminum alloy component connects
Obtained car body of aluminum alloy.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of automobile for including above-mentioned car body of aluminum alloy.
This process of surface treatment for all-aluminium body skeleton is by the way that car body of aluminum alloy component is surface-treated, glue
Connect, form the all-aluminium body skeleton of high intensity, vehicle body not only lightweight, and intensity is high, has a safety feature, has a extensive future.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) present invention carries out surface before being glued by anodic oxidation and confining surface handling process car body of aluminum alloy component
Processing, the intensity and performance of splicing can not be given full play to by overcoming the process conditions of traditional universality, it is impossible to reached and met full aluminium
Vehicle body switching performance requirement, connect rear combination property it is poor the defects of, promoted using cell morphology after anodic oxidation
Adhesive property, after anodization, the oxide γ-Al of its Surface Creation polarity2O3, the presence of polar oxygen compound can improve
Its dispersion force and Van der Waals force on interface between adhesive, while formed covalently between the polar group in adhesive
Key, by using the anodizing solution that main component of the present invention is sulfuric acid in 1.4~1.6A/dm2Current density and 17~20
DEG C anodizing temperature under the conditions of to car body of aluminum alloy component carry out anodized surface processing, process of surface treatment processing after
Aluminium alloy element bonding property it is good, disclosure satisfy that the switching performance requirement of all-aluminium body.
(2) it is the anodizing solution of sulfuric acid in 1.4~1.6A/dm to use main component of the present invention2Current density and 17
Anodized surface processing, the aluminium alloy after processing are carried out to car body of aluminum alloy component under the conditions of~20 DEG C of anodizing temperature
Bodywork component surface forms the oxidation film layer of 2~10 microns of specific thicknesses, forms the micropore of specific morphology and structure, is formed equal
Even is porous, the gluing agent molecule in Bonding Process is penetrated into micropore, formed preferably to mechanically connect, the oxide-film
Thickness degree can obtain the combination property needed for optimal vehicle.Simultaneously by 96~100 DEG C of hot water closing 10~
Micropore is in half envelope state after 45min Seal treatment, and corrosion resisting property improves.Pass through anodized and Seal treatment
Aluminium alloy element after processing is not only anticorrosive, and cementing property is good.Aluminium after being handled using process of surface treatment of the present invention is closed
Maximum splicing load and energy after golden bodywork component splicing is big, and bonding strength is high, more than traditional welding intensity, and is not susceptible to
Stress concentration, fatigue strength is also of a relatively high, and combination property is excellent, can obtain the all-aluminium body of high intensity, has been effectively ensured whole
Car performance.
(3) experiment shows, 6063 aluminum alloy specimens after being handled by using present invention process, the maximum of test piece after splicing
It is glued load and meets the standard design connection of all-aluminium body extrudate 6063 up to more than 150J up to more than 30KN, energy
Performance requirement, while the resistance to neutral salt spray test of aluminum alloy spare part after being handled by using present invention process can reach 1200h
More than.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is glued load and energy and the graph of a relation of anodized layer thickness to be maximum.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.It is unreceipted specific in embodiment
Condition person, the condition suggested according to normal condition or manufacturer are carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
LQ18 degreasing fluids, Alkaline addictive 1015Blend, deashing agent D17Blend and heat-seal additive HS98 are purchased from
Almetron companies.
Embodiment 1
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(1) oil removing：Volume fraction is used to carry out oil removing to car body of aluminum alloy component for 3% LQ18 degreasing fluids, except oil temperature
Spend for 70 DEG C, the oil removing time is 4min；
(2) alkaline etching：The Al powder of NaOH, 150g/L containing 60g/L and 15g/L 1015Blend additives in alkaline etching groove,
Alkaline etching temperature is 65 DEG C, and the alkaline etching time is 20min, and it is 3g/m to control alkaline etching speed2/min；
(3) alkali cleaning：The Al powder of NaOH, 5g/L containing 5g/L in rinse bath, cleaning temperature are 38 DEG C, and scavenging period is
5min；
(4) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 0.5min, chlorine ion concentration in running water
For 20ppm；
(5) ash disposal：Using volume fraction, the ash disposal time is 15min for 2% D17Blend ash disposal；
(6) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 0.5min, chlorine ion concentration in running water
For 20ppm；
(7) anodic oxidation：The current density of anodized is 1.4A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 18 DEG C, in oxidation trough
H2SO4Solution concentration is 170g/L, aluminium ion concentration 2g/L, and the oxide-film that thickness is 2 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation；
(8) it is 1 to wash one time, washing time 1.5min, running water pH using running water；
(9) it is 3 to wash one time, washing time 1min, running water pH using running water；
(10) washed one time, washing time 0.5min using deionized water, deionized water electrical conductivity is 100 μ s/cm；
(11) close：Closed using hot water, the pH of water is 5.5, and electrical conductivity is 1000 μ s/cm, total solid concentration of suspension
For 10mg/L, 1.5mg/L heat-seal additive HS98 are contained in water, closure temperature is 96 DEG C, off-period 45min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(1) oil removing：Volume fraction is used to carry out oil removing to car body of aluminum alloy component for 10% LQ18 degreasing fluids, except oil temperature
Spend for 50 DEG C, the oil removing time is 60min；
(2) alkaline etching：The Al powder of NaOH, 140g/L containing 100g/L and 25g/L 1015Blend are added in alkaline etching groove
Agent, alkaline etching temperature are 72 DEG C, and the alkaline etching time is 5min, and it is 7g/m to control alkaline etching speed2/min；
(3) alkali cleaning：The Al powder of NaOH, 30g/L containing 25g/L in rinse bath, cleaning temperature are 42 DEG C, and scavenging period is
4min；
(4) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 7min, and chlorine ion concentration is in running water
50ppm；
(5) ash disposal：Using volume fraction, the ash disposal time is 12min for 10% D17Blend ash disposal；
(6) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 25min, chlorine ion concentration in running water
For 50ppm；
(7) anodic oxidation：The current density of anodized is 1.45A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 19 DEG C, in oxidation trough
H2SO4Solution concentration is 175g/L, aluminium ion concentration 3g/L, and the oxide-film that thickness is 3 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation；
(8) it is 4 to wash one time, washing time 7min, running water pH using running water；
(9) it is 5 to wash one time, washing time 4min, running water pH using running water；
(10) washed one time, washing time 30min using deionized water, deionized water electrical conductivity is 150 μ s/cm；
(11) close：Closed using hot water, the pH of water is 6.5, and electrical conductivity is 2000 μ s/cm, total solid concentration of suspension
For 30mg/L, 4mg/L heat-seal additive HS98 are contained in water, closure temperature is 100 DEG C, off-period 10min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(1) oil removing：Volume fraction is used to carry out oil removing to car body of aluminum alloy component for 5% LQ18 degreasing fluids, except oil temperature
Spend for 60 DEG C, the oil removing time is 30min；
(2) alkaline etching：The Al powder of NaOH, 160g/L containing 80g/L and 20g/L 1015Blend additives in alkaline etching groove,
Alkaline etching temperature is 68 DEG C, and the alkaline etching time is 16min, and it is 4g/m to control alkaline etching speed2/min；
(3) alkali cleaning：The Al powder of NaOH, 60g/L containing 10g/L in rinse bath, cleaning temperature are 40 DEG C, and scavenging period is
3min；
(4) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 5min, and chlorine ion concentration is in running water
10ppm；
(5) ash disposal：Using volume fraction, the ash disposal time is 10min for 5% D17Blend ash disposal；
(6) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 15min, chlorine ion concentration in running water
For 10ppm；
(7) anodic oxidation：The current density of anodized is 1.5A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 18 DEG C, in oxidation trough
H2SO4Solution concentration is 180g/L, aluminium ion concentration 5g/L, and the oxide-film that thickness is 4 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation；
(8) it is 2 to wash one time, washing time 3min, running water pH using running water；
(9) it is 3 to wash one time, washing time 2min, running water pH using running water；
(10) washed one time, washing time 15min using deionized water, deionized water electrical conductivity is 180 μ s/cm；
(11) close：Closed using hot water, the pH of water is 6, and electrical conductivity is 1500 μ s/cm, and total solid concentration of suspension is
15mg/L, 2mg/L heat-seal additive HS98 are contained in water, closure temperature is 99 DEG C, off-period 15min.
Embodiment 4
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(1) oil removing：Use volume fraction for 3% volume fraction be 6% LQ18 degreasing fluids to car body of aluminum alloy component
Oil removing is carried out, except oil temperature is 55 DEG C, the oil removing time is 40min；
(2) alkaline etching：The Al powder of NaOH, 180g/L containing 70g/L and 18g/L 1015Blend additives in alkaline etching groove,
Alkaline etching temperature is 70 DEG C, and the alkaline etching time is 10min, and it is 5g/m to control alkaline etching speed2/min；
(3) alkali cleaning：The Al powder of NaOH, 30g/L containing 15g/L in rinse bath, cleaning temperature are 45 DEG C, and scavenging period is
1.5min；
(4) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 6min, and chlorine ion concentration is in running water
30ppm；
(5) ash disposal：Using D17Blend ash disposal, the ash disposal time is 20min；
(6) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 10min, chlorine ion concentration in running water
For 30ppm；
(7) anodic oxidation：The current density of anodized is 1.5A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 19 DEG C, in oxidation trough
H2SO4Solution concentration is 185g/L, aluminium ion concentration 4g/L, and the oxide-film that thickness is 9 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation；
(8) it is 3 to wash one time, washing time 5min, running water pH using running water；
(9) it is 6 to wash one time, washing time 0.5min, running water pH using running water；
(10) washed one time, washing time 10min using deionized water, deionized water electrical conductivity is 120 μ s/cm；
(11) close：Closed using hot water, the pH of water is 5.8, and electrical conductivity is 500 μ s/cm, and total solid concentration of suspension is
5mg/L, 3mg/L heat-seal additive HS98 are contained in water, closure temperature is 98 DEG C, off-period 20min.
Embodiment 5
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(1) oil removing：Volume fraction is used to carry out oil removing to car body of aluminum alloy component for 8% LQ18 degreasing fluids, except oil temperature
Spend for 65 DEG C, the oil removing time is 20min；
(2) alkaline etching：The Al powder of NaOH, 130g/L containing 90g/L and 22g/L 1015Blend additives in alkaline etching groove,
Alkaline etching temperature is 69 DEG C, and the alkaline etching time is 15min, and it is 6g/m to control alkaline etching speed2/min；
(3) alkali cleaning：The Al powder of NaOH, 20g/L containing 10g/L in rinse bath, cleaning temperature are 35 DEG C, and scavenging period is
6min；
(4) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 2min, and chlorine ion concentration is in running water
0.5ppm；
(5) ash disposal：Using volume fraction, the ash disposal time is 4min for 8% D17Blend ash disposal；
(6) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 20min, chlorine ion concentration in running water
For 0.5ppm；
(7) anodic oxidation：The current density of anodized is 1.6A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 20 DEG C, in oxidation trough
H2SO4Solution concentration is 190g/L, aluminium ion concentration 5g/L, and the oxide-film that thickness is 10 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation；
(8) it is 2 to wash one time, washing time 5min, running water pH using running water；
(9) it is 2 to wash one time, washing time 6min, running water pH using running water；
(10) washed one time, washing time 20min using deionized water, deionized water electrical conductivity is 50 μ s/cm；
(11) close：Closed using hot water, the pH of water is 6.2, and electrical conductivity is 200 μ s/cm, and total solid concentration of suspension is
15mg/L, 3mg/L heat-seal additive HS98 are contained in water, closure temperature is 97 DEG C, off-period 30min.
Embodiment 6
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, comprises the following steps：
(1) anodic oxidation：Anodized, current density 1.4A/dm are carried out to car body of aluminum alloy component2, oxidation
Temperature is 18 DEG C, H in oxidation trough2SO4Solution concentration is 170g/L, aluminium ion concentration 2g/L, and obtaining thickness after anodic oxidation is
2 μm of oxide-film；
(2) it is 1 to wash one time, washing time 1.5min, running water pH using running water；
(3) it is 3 to wash one time, washing time 1min, running water pH using running water；
(4) washed one time, washing time 0.5min using deionized water, deionized water electrical conductivity is 100 μ s/cm；
(5) close：Closed using hot water, the pH of water is 5.5, and electrical conductivity is 1000 μ s/cm, and total solid concentration of suspension is
10mg/L, 1.5mg/L heat-seal additive HS98 are contained in water, closure temperature is 96 DEG C, off-period 45min.
Embodiment 7
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, wherein step (1) use commercially available alkaline degreasing
Liquid, remaining step and condition are same as Example 2.
Embodiment 8
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, the wherein glucose containing 15g/L in step (2)
Sour sodium additives, remaining step and condition are same as Example 3.
Embodiment 9
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, wherein step (5) use concentration as 180g/L's
Sulfuric acid solution ash disposal, remaining step and condition are same as Example 4.
Embodiment 10
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, does not wherein contain heat-seal in step (11) water and adds
Add agent HS98, remaining step and condition are same as Example 5.
Comparative example 1
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, wherein step (7) are using chromic acid as anodic oxygen
Change liquid, the oxide-film that thickness is 3 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation, remaining step and condition are same as Example 5.
Comparative example 2
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, wherein step (7) are using oxalic acid as anodic oxygen
Change liquid, the oxide-film that thickness is 30 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation, remaining step and condition are same as Example 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, wherein do not include the Seal treatment of step (11),
Remaining step and condition are same as Example 2.
Comparative example 4
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, wherein the closing step of step (11) are by step
(10) aluminium alloy element obtained is placed on concentration 8g/L, temperature is 95 DEG C, in PH5.5 nickel acetate solution, stands 20min,
Remaining step and condition are same as Example 3.
Comparative example 5
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, the wherein closure temperature of step (11) are 92 DEG C,
Off-period is 50min, and remaining step and condition are same as Example 3.
Comparative example 6
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, the anodization step of wherein step (7) are：Sun
The current density of pole oxidation processes is 2.0A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 16 DEG C, H in oxidation trough2SO4Solution concentration is 160g/L, aluminium
Ion concentration is 1g/L, the oxide-film that thickness is 14 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation, remaining step and condition are same as Example 4.
Comparative example 7
A kind of process of surface treatment before car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, the anodization step of wherein step (7) are：Sun
The current density of pole oxidation processes is 2.5A/dm2, oxidizing temperature is 15 DEG C, H in oxidation trough2SO4Solution concentration is 150g/L, aluminium
Ion concentration is 1g/L, the oxide-film that thickness is 22 μm is obtained after anodic oxidation, remaining step and condition are same as Example 4.
Comparative example 8
A kind of car body of aluminum alloy component be glued before process of surface treatment, car body of aluminum alloy component is carried out mechanical grinding and
Sandblasting.
Intensity and corrosion resistance test after test example test piece is glued
The process of surface treatment of Application Example 1~10 and comparative example 1~8 handles 6063 car body of aluminum alloy components respectively
Test piece, the test piece after the processing of same handling process is glued, the cement of use is identical, to test piece after splicing in stretching-machine
Upper carry out extension test, maximum splicing load and energy are obtained according to stress strain curve, as a result as shown in table 1.And with welding
6063 car body of aluminum alloy component test pieces are as control.
Unit is glued the stress born in face when maximum is glued load to be destroyed under tensile load effect, from stress strain curve
On be seen as ordinate peak, the area that energy is surrounded by stress and strain in stress strain curve.
The process of surface treatment of Application Example 1~10 and comparative example 1~8 handles 6063 car body of aluminum alloy components respectively
Test piece carries out resistance to neutral salt spray test (can add specific experiment process), and every group of experimental condition is identical, and it is resistance to record every group of test piece
The neutral salt spray test time.
Table 1 is maximum after being glued to be glued load and energy test result
As can be seen from Table 1, using 6063 car body of aluminum alloy component test pieces after the process of surface treatment processing of the present invention
Maximum after splicing is glued load and energy is big, and bonding strength is high, and it be 30~34KN that maximum, which is glued load, energy for 108~
165J.During tensile shear, bonding strength just fails more than 34KN, and just fails when be welded on 16KN, therefore logical
The bonding strength for crossing aluminium alloy element after process of surface treatment of the invention is handled is more than traditional welding intensity, and is not susceptible to answer
Power is concentrated, and fatigue strength is also of a relatively high, and combination property is excellent, can obtain the all-aluminium body of high intensity, vehicle has been effectively ensured
Performance.
Compared with Example 5, the anodizing solution in anodization step uses chromic acid, obtained anodic oxygen to comparative example 1
Change film thickness is relatively thin, and the oxidation membrane structure of acquisition is unfavorable for being glued, and the intensity after splicing is decreased obviously, it is impossible to satisfaction pair well
The requirement of car body of aluminum alloy intensity.Compared with Example 1, the anodizing solution in anodization step uses oxalic acid to comparative example 2,
Obtained anodic oxidation film thickness is thicker, is also unfavorable for being glued, and bonding effect is bad, and maximum, which is glued load and energy, to be had substantially
Decline.
Comparative example 3 compared with Example 2, without Seal treatment after anodic oxidation, although bonding property is preferable, obtains
Aluminium alloy element corrosion resisting property it is bad.Comparative example 4 compared with Example 3, closing use concentration 8g/L, temperature for 95 DEG C,
PH5.5 nickel acetate solution is as confining liquid, and sealing condition is different, and compared with Example 3, closure temperature is relatively low for comparative example 5, envelope
Close that effect is bad, the resistance to neutral salt spray test time of test piece has declined, and corrosion resisting property is bad, it can thus be seen that of the invention
Seal treatment closed by using the hot water under specific temperature conditions, sealing effect is good, does not influence bonding property, zero
The resistance to neutral salt spray test of part can reach 1400h, higher than common aluminum alloy material.
Comparative example 6 compared with Example 4, using different anodic oxidation conditions, obtains thickness as 14 μm after anodic oxidation
Oxide-film, comparative example 7 compared with Example 4, using different anodic oxidation conditions, obtains thickness as 22 μm after anodic oxidation
Oxide-film, test piece be glued after it is maximum be glued load and have slightly decline but overall variation is little, but energy is decreased obviously, intensity
The switching performance requirement of all-aluminium body skeleton can not be met with combination property.
Process of surface treatment before the car body of aluminum alloy component that comparative example 8 provides is glued is mechanical grinding and sandblasting, to place
The aluminium alloy element obtained after reason is glued, and maximum is glued load and energy and is decreased obviously, glue-joint strength and comprehensive
Can be poor, it is impossible to meet the performance requirement of car body of aluminum alloy, meanwhile, the corrosion resisting property of aluminium alloy element is also poor.
Compared with Example 1, aluminium alloy element is before anodic oxidation without being handled before oil removing, alkaline etching, ash disposal etc. for embodiment 6
Technique, it is good to be not so good as embodiment 1 for the bonding effect of aluminium alloy element after the processing of embodiment 6.Embodiment 7 compared with Example 2, oil removing
Process uses commercially available alkaline degreasing liquid, and deoiling effect is good not as embodiment 2, and it is good to be not so good as embodiment 2 for effect after splicing.Embodiment
8 compared with Example 3, and alkaline etching process is using 15g/L sodium gluconate as additive, and alkaline etching effect is not as using
1015Blend additives effect is good, and it is good to be not so good as embodiment 3 for effect after splicing.Embodiment 9 compared with Example 4, adopt by ash disposal process
Do not use D17Blend solution with sulfuric acid solution, dedusting effect is good not as embodiment 4, and it is good to be not so good as embodiment 4 for effect after splicing.
Embodiment 10 does not contain heat-seal additive HS98 compared with Example 5, during closing, and sealing effect has declined, embodiment 10
The corrosion resisting property of aluminium alloy element is obtained be not as good as embodiment 5.
Fig. 1 is glued load and energy and the graph of a relation of anodized layer thickness to be maximum.It will be seen from figure 1 that 3~22
Load influences smaller with thickness change between μ m thick, but energy performance after 4 μm significantly declines, the thickness that the present invention applies
Spend for 2~10 μm, thus the oxide thickness that present invention process obtains, it is that the combination property needed for vehicle is relatively optimal, it is complete
The full performance requirement met for all-aluminium body skeleton.
Process of surface treatment before being glued using the car body of aluminum alloy component of the present invention handles 5754 car body of aluminum alloy components
Test piece and A356 car body of aluminum alloy component test pieces, as a result find, the bonding property after test piece is glued is good, equally higher than its weldability
Can, the maximum after 5754 car body of aluminum alloy component test pieces are glued is glued load up to 33KN, A356 car body of aluminum alloy component test pieces
Maximum load of being glued after splicing is up to 52KN.
In summary, the present invention carries out table before being glued by the process of surface treatment of specified conditions car body of aluminum alloy component
Face is handled, and the intensity and performance of splicing can not be given full play to by overcoming the process conditions of traditional universality, it is impossible to it is complete to reach satisfaction
Aluminium vehicle body switching performance requirement, connect rear combination property it is poor the defects of, obtained by anodic oxidation and Seal treatment
The oxidation film layer of specific thicknesses and micropore composition is obtained, formation is uniform porous, penetrates into the gluing agent molecule in Bonding Process
Formed preferably to mechanically connect in micropore, the oxidation film layer thickness can obtain the combination property needed for optimal vehicle,
Aluminium alloy element bonding property after being handled by using process of surface treatment of the present invention is good, it is cementing after it is maximum be glued load and
Energy is big, and bonding strength is high, more than traditional welding intensity, and is not susceptible to stress concentration, and fatigue strength is also of a relatively high, comprehensive
Performance is excellent.Aluminium alloy corrosion resisting property simultaneously after Seal treatment is good, while ensure that the aluminium alloy element used as vehicle body
Bonding property and corrosion resisting property, the switching performance requirement of all-aluminium body is disclosure satisfy that, obtain the all-aluminium body of high intensity, effectively protected
Vehicle performance is demonstrate,proved.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, but will be appreciated that without departing substantially from the present invention's
Many other change and modification can be made in the case of spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that wrap in the following claims
Include all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. the process of surface treatment before a kind of car body of aluminum alloy component splicing, it is characterised in that including anodized step
With Seal treatment step；
Contain H during anodized in anodizing solution2SO4, current density is 1.4~1.6A/dm2, anodizing temperature is
17~20 DEG C, anodized rear oxidation film thickness is 2~10 μm；
Seal treatment is carried out to the car body of aluminum alloy component after anodized with the hot water that temperature is 96~100 DEG C, closed
Time is 10~45min.
2. the process of surface treatment before being glued according to the car body of aluminum alloy component described in claim 1, it is characterised in that anodic oxygen
Change the H containing 170~190g/L in liquid2SO4With 2~15g/L aluminium ion, current density is 1.4~1.5A/dm2, anodic oxygen
It is 18~20 DEG C to change temperature, and anodized rear oxidation film thickness is 2~4 μm；
Preferably, the H containing 180~190g/L in anodizing solution2SO4With 5~10g/L aluminium ion, current density is
1.5A/dm2, anodizing temperature is 18 DEG C, and anodized rear oxidation film thickness is 4 μm.
3. the process of surface treatment before being glued according to the car body of aluminum alloy component described in claim 1, it is characterised in that be with pH
5.5~6.5, temperature is 96~100 DEG C and the hot water containing 1.5~4mg/L heat-seal additives HS98 is to anodized
Car body of aluminum alloy component afterwards carries out Seal treatment, and off-period is 10~45min；
Preferably, it is 6 with pH, temperature is 98~100 DEG C and the hot water containing 2~3mg/L heat-seal additives HS98 is to anode
Car body of aluminum alloy component after oxidation processes carries out Seal treatment, and off-period is 30~45min.
4. the process of surface treatment before being glued according to the car body of aluminum alloy component described in claim any one of 1-3, its feature exist
In also including pre-treatment step before anodized step；
Pre-treatment step includes oil removing, once alkaline etching, cleaning, ash disposal and secondary cleaning；
Preferably, the oil temperature of removing of oil removal process is 50~70 DEG C, and the oil removing time is 4~60min；
Preferably, the alkaline etching speed of alkaline etching process is 3~7g/m2/min；With the NaOH containing 60~100g/L, 130~180g/L
Al powder and 15~25g/L additive Alkaline etchant carry out alkaline etching；
Preferably, ash disposal process uses 150~500g/L sulfuric acid solution, and the ash disposal time is 4~20min；
Preferably, once cleaning includes three times cleaning processes, NaOH and 0~60g/L of the first pass cleaning containing 5~25g/L
Al powder solution cleaning, first pass cleaning temperature is 35~45 DEG C, and first pass scavenging period be 1.5~6min, second time with
3rd time cleaning is independently cleaned using running water, and scavenging period is 0.5~7min；
Preferably, secondary cleaning includes twice of cleaning process, and twice of cleaning is independently cleaned using running water, and scavenging period is
0.5~25min.
5. the process of surface treatment before being glued according to the car body of aluminum alloy component described in claim 4, it is characterised in that anodic oxygen
Changing also includes cleaning step three times between processing step and Seal treatment step；
Cleaning includes twice of running water cleaning three times and a deionized water is cleaned.
6. the process of surface treatment before being glued according to the car body of aluminum alloy component described in claim any one of 1-3, its feature exist
In comprising the following steps：
(a) oil removing：Oil removing is carried out to car body of aluminum alloy component using degreasing fluid, except oil temperature is 50~70 DEG C, the oil removing time is 4
~60min；
(b) alkaline etching：Using the alkali of the NaOH containing 60~100g/L, 130~180g/L Al powder and 15~25g/L additive
Lose liquid and carry out alkaline etching, alkaline etching temperature is 65~72 DEG C, and the alkaline etching time is 5~20min, and it is 3~7g/m to control alkaline etching speed2/
min；
(c) alkali cleaning：Cleaned using the solution of the NaOH containing 5~25g/L and 0~60g/L Al powder, cleaning temperature is 35~45
DEG C, scavenging period is 1.5~6min；
(d) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 0.5~7min；
(e) ash disposal：Using sulfuric acid solution ash disposal, the ash disposal time is 4~20min；
(f) washed twice using running water, twice of washing time independently is 0.5~25min；
(g) anodic oxidation：Use the H for 170~190g/L containing the aluminum ions concentration of 5~10g/L2SO4Solution is as anodic oxygen
Change liquid, current density is 1.4~1.6A/dm during anodized2, oxidizing temperature is 17~20 DEG C, after anodized
Oxide thickness is 2~10 μm；
(h) washed one time using running water, washing time is 1.5~7min, and running water pH is 0~4；
(i) washed one time using running water, washing time is 0.5~6min, and running water pH is 2~6；
(j) washed one time using deionized water, washing time is 0.5~30min, and deionized water electrical conductivity is 0.1~200 μ s/
cm；
(k) close：It for 5.5~6.5, total solid concentration of suspension is 0~30mg/L to use pH, temperature is 96~100 DEG C and is contained
The hot water for having 1.5~4mg/L heat-seal additives HS98 carries out Seal treatment, and off-period is 10~45min.
The process of surface treatment before 7. a kind of car body of aluminum alloy component using described in claim any one of 1-6 is glued is handled
The car body of aluminum alloy component arrived.
8. a kind of connection method of car body of aluminum alloy component, it is characterised in that by the car body of aluminum alloy described in multiple claims 7
Component is glued.
9. a kind of connection method of car body of aluminum alloy component using described in claim 8 connects obtained car body of aluminum alloy.
A kind of 10. automobile of the car body of aluminum alloy including described in claim 9.
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