CN107557519B - A kind of method of reduction of iron ore rate in control converter - Google Patents
A kind of method of reduction of iron ore rate in control converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of reduction of iron ore rate in control converter, belong to technical field of ferrous metallurgy.The present invention can effectively control reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt by controlling additional amount, the granularity of iron ore of iron ore be added according to the difference of converter smelting period bath temperature.Specifically: at converter smelting initial stage, for bath temperature between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C, the granularity equivalent diameter that iron ore is added is 5.0~20.0mm；In the converter smelting middle and later periods, for bath temperature between 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C, the granularity equivalent diameter that iron ore is added is 20.0~50.0mm.One aspect of the present invention can be at converter smelting initial stage, so that iron ore quickly increases in slag the amount of (FeO) in fusion process, ensure the rapid slagging of lime early period, on the other hand in the converter smelting middle and later periods, make that a small amount of iron ore cooling effect in fusion process is unobvious, (FeO) moment is not easily caused in slag largely to accumulate, prevents splash.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of ferrous metallurgy, more specifically to reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter
Method.
Background technique
Iron ore, in use, other than its cooling effect is relatively strong, also has further advantage: (1) in iron ore in converter
Iron oxide and molten iron in Si, C etc. carry out reduction reaction, Fe to being restored；(2) iron oxide in ore can promote
Lime dissolution, is conducive to slagging, accelerates dephosphorization.According to the different demands in the period of bessemerizing, iron ore is adjusted in converter
Using technological parameter, to guarantee under different blowing period, obtains and promote lime to melt, be conducive to slagging, increase metal and receive
The different demands of yield.
Fusing, reduction of the iron ore in converter are related to the mass transport, heat transmission and chemistry of a series of complex
Reaction, they also all influence each other, as shown in Figure 1.From fig. 1, it can be seen that iron ore is after being added to converter, the sheet of function and effect
Matter are as follows: (1) endothermic effect of the iron ore in converter, including physics suction are thermally and chemically absorbed heat；(2) fusing and reduction of iron ore
The content for affecting in slag (FeO), influences slag properties, to affect slag making.
It is the fusing of iron ore and the reduction reaction in fusion process first after iron ore is added to converter.Due to
Iron ore can not be completely reduced in fusing, and at different conditions, and the rate of reduction in iron ore fusion process is not
Together, therefore the addition opportunity of iron ore is different, and the influence to (FeO) content in vessel slag makes a big difference, thus the knot generated
Fruit is also different.Therefore reduction rate of the iron ore in converter in fusion process is controlled, exactly directly control the oxidation of subsequent clinker
Property, it then controls the slag making behavior of converter and prevents the generation of splash.
Through retrieving, Chinese patent application 201510227329.6 disclose a kind of oxygen converter steelmaking slag charge with addition of side
Method, will optimization lime, dolomite, sludge ball, the slag charges such as iron ore in batches with addition of, optimize slag and priority control,
Splash and smoke conditions during reduction, reduce smelting cost.But iron ore content only has 15%- in slag charge in this application
17%, and clearly state, iron ore oxygen content is higher, causes reaction between carbon and oxygen active, easily causes the excessive slag phenomenon of initial smelting period, iron
Ore additional amount is excessive, can also cause splash and smolder.And this application fails the problem of reducing steel technology in steelmaking process.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved by the inivention
The present invention is for current iron ore in use, different demands under different blowing condition, provide one in converter
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in kind control converter；The present invention passes through control according to the difference of converter smelting period bath temperature
Additional amount, the granularity of iron ore of iron ore be added control reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt, on the one hand can turn
Furnace smelts initial stage, and when bath temperature is between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C, it is complete in 50s~90s that iron ore in converter is added in control
Reduction rate when running down is between 30%~50%, and iron ore may make quickly to increase in slag (FeO) in fusion process
Amount, it is ensured that early period lime rapid slagging, on the other hand in the converter smelting middle and later periods, bath temperature is at 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C
Between when, control be added converter in reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt in 20s~50s be in 50%~80% between,
It may make that a small amount of iron ore cooling effect in fusion process is unobvious, (FeO) moment do not easily caused in slag largely to accumulate, prevent
Splash.
2. technical solution
In order to achieve the above objectives, technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the invention, not according to converter smelting period bath temperature
Together, by controlling additional amount, the granularity of iron ore of iron ore be added, iron ore can effectively be controlled when being completely melt
Reduction rate.Specifically: at converter smelting initial stage, the granularity of iron ore is added between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C in bath temperature
Equivalent diameter is 5.0~20.0mm；In the converter smelting middle and later periods, iron ore is added between 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C in bath temperature
The granularity equivalent diameter of stone is 20.0~50.0mm.
As further improvement of the present invention, at converter smelting initial stage, bath temperature is between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C
When, the iron ore being added is three groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein M1Group iron ore granularity equivalent diameter be 5~
10mm, M2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 10~15mm, M3The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 15~20mm.Institute
The mass ratio for adding three groups of iron ores is M1Group: M2Group: M3Group=(4.5~5.5): (2.5~3.5): (1.5~2.2).Using low
Rifle position operation, after drop rifle igniting first plus iron ore, then plus slag material, the amount that iron ore is added account for the 40%~70% of slag material.
At converter smelting initial stage, reduction rate when iron ore is completely melt in converter is added between 30%~50% in control, may make
Iron ore quickly increases in slag the amount of (FeO) in fusion process, it is ensured that in initial smelting period 2min the cooling effect of iron ore compared with
It is low, guarantee the rapid slagging of lime.
As further improvement of the present invention, in the converter smelting middle and later periods, bath temperature 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C it
Between when, the iron ore that is added is two groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein N1Group iron ore granularity equivalent diameter be 20~
30mm, N2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 30~50mm.The mass ratio of added two groups of iron ores is N1Group: N2Group=
(2.5~3.5): (4.5~5.5).The batch additional amount of iron ore is controlled in 100~300kg.In the converter smelting middle and later periods, control
Reduction rate when iron ore is completely melt in converter is added between 50%~80% in system, and a small amount of iron ore may make to melt
In the process, one makes it unobvious to the cooling effect of clinker, second is that (FeO) moment is not easily caused in slag largely to accumulate, prevents
The generation of splash.
3. beneficial effect
Using technical solution provided by the invention, compared with prior art, there is following remarkable result:
(1) in a kind of control converter of the invention reduction of iron ore rate method, at converter smelting initial stage, bath temperature exists
When between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C, increase the ratio that iron ore is added, reduces the granularity that iron ore is added, can effectively reduce
The fusing time of iron ore, so that reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt remains at low levels, so that iron ore
More ferriferous oxides are left in fusion process, quickly increase slag in (FeO) amount, it is ensured that early period lime rapid slagging；
(2) in a kind of control converter of the invention reduction of iron ore rate method, in the converter smelting middle and later periods, bath temperature
Between 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C, the biggish iron ore of granularity is added, the control of batch additional amount is 100 when bath temperature is higher
~300kg can effectively avoid in converter clinker upper layer from generating surfusion, and the iron ore that granularity is bigger, be completely melt
The required time is also longer, so that the reduction rate being added when iron ore is completely melt in converter is controlled in higher level, makes
Obtain iron ore does not easily cause in slag (FeO) moment largely to accumulate in fusion process, prevents splash；
(3) method of reduction of iron ore rate controls reaction temperature at converter smelting initial stage in a kind of control converter of the invention
Degree is between 1300~1450 DEG C, it is ensured that iron ore can smoothly melt, and not will cause too fierce reaction between carbon and oxygen, avoid
It generates bulk gas and causes splash；
(4) in a kind of control converter of the invention reduction of iron ore rate method, initial reaction stage takes low rifle position to operate, adds
The stirring in strong molten bath, accelerates in slag the consumption of (FeO), iron ore fusion zone is avoided to carry out in slag the excessive accumulation of (FeO)；
(5) in a kind of control converter of the invention reduction of iron ore rate method, by with addition of varigrained iron ore,
The fusing time of iron ore can be effectively controlled, so that iron ore slowly constantly decomposes, control iron ore is being completely melt
When reduction rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that iron ore melts in converter, restores the mass transport being related to, heat transmission and chemical reaction signal
Figure.
Specific embodiment
To further appreciate that the contents of the present invention, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
In converter steelmaking process, the formation of converter initial stage slag and slagging route are all closely bound up with the amount of (FeO) in slag,
(FeO) can reduce the fusing point of slag but also improve the viscosity of slag in slag, and (FeO) can increase greatly in the slag that oxygen blast oxidation molten steel generates
Add steel technology, and " additional ferriferous oxide " such as iron ore, because after being added can the amount to (FeO) in slag generate very big shadow
It rings, control is improper to be easy to produce expulsion events, therefore the usage amount of iron ore nevertheless suffers from certain limitation in converter.The present invention is
In the different times of converter smelting, by regulating and controlling the granularity of iron ore and the additional amount of iron ore, turning to control iron ore
Reduction rate when being completely melt in furnace, to guarantee that the amount of (FeO) and iron ore are within the unit time in different smelting time slags
Cooling effect, reduce steel-making cost while, also bring huge environmental benefit.
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the invention, comprehensively consider temperature, the additional amount of iron ore,
Influence that the granularity of iron ore is completely melt the time to iron ore and temperature, iron ore fusing time are to reduction of iron ore rate
Affecting laws the additional amount of iron ore be added, the grain of iron ore are controlled according to the difference of converter smelting period bath temperature
Degree effectively controls reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt, the addition of control iron ore is in different times vessel slag
(FeO) influence of content meets the different demands bessemerized the advantages of giving full play in converter using iron ore.
The present invention passes through the additional amount of control iron ore be added, iron according to the difference of converter smelting period bath temperature
The granularity of ore can control reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt, main reason is that iron ore is in converter molten pool
Fusing under environment is influenced more significant by bath temperature and iron ore nature.Inventor concentrates on studies in response to this problem
It was found that fusing of the iron ore in converter molten pool under " iron bath " environment, reduction, influenced first by bath temperature it is more significant,
And temperature is higher, fusing, the rate of reduction are faster；Secondly, iron ore is molten into the process of gradually soft heat, the i.e. fusing of iron ore
It is the process that ecto-entad gradually melts reaction layer by layer, inventor produces furthermore, it was found that for the iron ore of bulky grain
The substance diffusion and heat transmitting of nitride layer are to control the principal element of its melting rate；And with the reduction of particle size, it influences
Power is smaller and smaller, it is easier to melt, i.e. the decomposition rate of different grain size size iron ore is dramatically different.
Accordingly, inventor is at converter smelting initial stage, when bath temperature is between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C, by largely managing
By analysis and experimental demonstration, the amount that iron ore is added in discovery adjustment accounts for the 40%~70% of slag material (lime etc.), and iron ore is added
When the granularity of stone is 5.0~20.0mm (equivalent diameter), the iron ore being added in converter can be completely melt in 50s~90s,
Its reduction rate controls between 30%~50%, so that iron ore quickly increases in slag the amount of (FeO) in fusion process,
Ensure the rapid slagging of lime early period.Wherein, the iron ore of addition is such as divided into three groups of varigrained iron ores, middle M1Group iron
The granularity equivalent diameter of ore is 5~10mm, M2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 10~15mm, M3The grain of group iron ore
Degree equivalent diameter is 15~20mm.The mass ratio of added three groups of iron ores is M1Group: M2Group: M3Group=(4.5~5.5): (2.5~
3.5): (1.5~2.2).The fusing time of iron ore can be effectively controlled, so that iron ore slowly constantly decomposes, is controlled
Reduction rate of the iron ore when being completely melt.
In the converter smelting middle and later periods, bath temperature is between 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C, by a large amount of theory analysis and reality
Demonstration is tested, batch additional amount is that 100~300kg can will be added when the granularity of iron ore is 20.0~50.0mm (equivalent diameter)
Iron ore in converter is completely melt that reduction rate controls between 50%~80% in 20s~50s, so that being added
Reduction rate when iron ore is completely melt in converter is controlled in higher level, so that iron ore does not easily cause slag in fusion process
In (FeO) moment largely accumulate, prevent splash.Similarly, the iron ore being added is divided into two groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein
N1The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 20~30mm, N2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 30~50mm.Added two groups
The mass ratio of iron ore is N1Group: N2Group=(2.5~3.5): when (4.5~5.5), better reduction rate control effect can be obtained
Fruit.
Embodiment 1
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the present embodiment, being blended into temperature in 120t converter is 1320 DEG C
Molten iron, drop rifle igniting blowing after, be added total slag material weight 50% granularity be 5.0~20.0mm (equivalent diameter) iron ore
Stone, the furnace that falls after blowing 1 minute take slag specimen 1, continue to blow after returning positive furnace body, and it is 300kg, grain that quality is added when blowing 7 minutes
Degree is the iron ore of 20.0~50.0mm, and the furnace that falls after the 30s that blows takes slag specimen 2.
Whole process blowing is steady, no expulsion events.By the testing result of slag specimen 1 and charging conversion early period, obtain
The reduction rate that iron ore is added early period is 44%, and the testing result and mid-term of slag specimen 2, which feed, to convert, and show that iron ore is added in mid-term
The reduction rate of stone is 63%.
Embodiment 2
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the present embodiment, being blended into temperature in 120t converter is 1300 DEG C
Molten iron, drop rifle igniting blowing after, be added total slag material weight 60% granularity be 5.0~20.0mm (equivalent diameter) iron ore
Stone, the furnace that falls after blowing 1 minute take slag specimen 3, continue to blow after returning positive furnace body, and it is 200kg, grain that quality is added when blowing 7 minutes
Degree is the iron ore of 20.0~50.0mm, and the furnace that falls after the 30s that blows takes slag specimen 4.
Whole process blowing is steady, no expulsion events.By the testing result of slag specimen 3 and charging conversion early period, obtain
The reduction rate that iron ore is added early period is 37%, and the testing result and mid-term of slag specimen 4, which feed, to convert, and show that iron ore is added in mid-term
The reduction rate of stone is 68%.
Embodiment 3
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the present embodiment, being blended into temperature in 120t converter is 1450 DEG C
Molten iron, drop rifle igniting blowing after, be added total slag material weight 70% granularity be 5.0~20.0mm (equivalent diameter) iron ore
Stone, the furnace that falls after blowing 1 minute take slag specimen 5, continue to blow after returning positive furnace body, and it is 100kg, grain that quality is added when blowing 8 minutes
Degree is the iron ore of 20.0~50.0mm, and the furnace that falls after the 30s that blows takes slag specimen 6.
Whole process blowing is steady, no expulsion events.By the testing result of slag specimen 5 and charging conversion early period, obtain
The reduction rate that iron ore is added early period is 42%, and the testing result and mid-term of slag specimen 6, which feed, to convert, and show that iron ore is added in mid-term
The reduction rate of stone is 65%.
Embodiment 4
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the present embodiment, being blended into temperature in 120t converter is 1350 DEG C
Molten iron, drop rifle igniting blowing after, be added total slag material weight 55% granularity be 5.0~20.0mm (equivalent diameter) iron ore
Stone, and the iron ore being added is three groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein M1The granularity of group iron ore is 5~8mm, M2Group iron
The granularity of ore is 10~12mm, M3The granularity of group iron ore is 16~28mm.The mass ratio of three groups of iron ores is M1 group: M2
Group: M3 group=5:3:2.The furnace that falls after blowing 1 minute takes slag specimen 7, continues to blow after returning positive furnace body, matter is added when blowing 8 minutes
Amount is 200kg, and granularity is the iron ore of 20.0~50.0mm, and the iron ore being added is two groups of varigrained iron ores,
Middle N1The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 20~30mm, N2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 30~40mm.Added two
The mass ratio of group iron ore is N1Group: N2Group=2.5:4.5.The furnace that falls after blowing 30s takes slag specimen 8.
Whole process blowing is steady, no expulsion events.By the testing result of slag specimen 7 and charging conversion early period, obtain
The reduction rate that iron ore is added early period is 47%, and the testing result and mid-term of slag specimen 8, which feed, to convert, and show that iron ore is added in mid-term
The reduction rate of stone is 69%.
Embodiment 5
The method of reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter of the present embodiment, being blended into temperature in 120t converter is 1320 DEG C
Molten iron, after drop rifle igniting blowing, first plus iron ore, then plus slag material, the amount that iron ore is added account for the 65% of slag material, and institute
The iron ore of addition is three groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein M1The granularity of group iron ore is 6~10mm, M2Group iron ore
Granularity is 12~15mm, M3The granularity of group iron ore is 15~20mm.The mass ratio of three groups of iron ores is M1 group: M2 group: M3 group
=4.5:3.5:2.2.The furnace that falls after blowing 1 minute takes slag specimen 9, continues to blow after returning positive furnace body, quality is added when blowing 8 minutes
For 250kg, granularity is the iron ore of 20.0~50.0mm, and the iron ore being added is two groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein
N1The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 20~30mm, N2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 30~50mm.Added two groups
The mass ratio of iron ore is N1Group: N2Group=3.5:5.5.The furnace that falls after blowing 30s takes slag specimen 10.
Whole process blowing is steady, no expulsion events.By the testing result of slag specimen 7 and charging conversion early period, obtain
The reduction rate that iron ore is added early period is 49%, and the testing result and mid-term of slag specimen 8, which feed, to convert, and show that iron ore is added in mid-term
The reduction rate of stone is 78%.
Finally it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than protects to the present invention
The limitation of range, although the invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should be managed
Solution, can with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from technical solution of the present invention essence and
Range.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of reduction of iron ore rate in control converter, it is characterised in that: at converter smelting initial stage, bath temperature exists
Between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C, the iron ore being added is three groups of varigrained iron ores, wherein M1The granularity of group iron ore
Equivalent diameter is 5~10mm, M2The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 10~15mm, M3The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore
For 15~20mm, the mass ratio of added three groups of iron ores is M1Group: M2Group: M3Group=(4.5~5.5): (2.5~3.5): (1.5
~2.2)；In the converter smelting middle and later periods, for bath temperature between 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C, the iron ore being added is two groups different
The iron ore of granularity, wherein N1The granularity equivalent diameter of group iron ore is 20~30mm, N2Group iron ore granularity equivalent diameter be
30~50mm, the mass ratio of added two groups of iron ores are N1Group: N2Group=(2.5~3.5): (4.5~5.5).
2. the method for reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in converter smelting
Refining initial stage when bath temperature is between 1300 DEG C~1450 DEG C, is operated using low rifle position, first adds iron ore after drop rifle igniting, then
Add slag material, the amount that iron ore is added accounts for the 40%~70% of slag material.
3. the method for reduction of iron ore rate in a kind of control converter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in converter smelting
The middle and later periods is refined, when bath temperature is between 1450 DEG C~1600 DEG C, the batch additional amount of iron ore is controlled in 100~300kg.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61199009A (en) * | 1985-02-28 | 1986-09-03 | Nippon Tekko Renmei | Iron making method by melt reduction |
| JPH0215109A (en) * | 1988-07-04 | 1990-01-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for treating molten iron |
| CN101182590A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-05-21 | 莱芜钢铁股份有限公司 | Process of tron melt adding ore revolving furnace for steelmaking |
| CN104711388A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-17 | 北京科技大学 | Low-silicon molten iron blowing method |
| CN104774995A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | 湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司 | Adding method of steelmaking slag charge of oxygen converter |
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2017
- 2017-10-23 CN CN201710993627.5A patent/CN107557519B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61199009A (en) * | 1985-02-28 | 1986-09-03 | Nippon Tekko Renmei | Iron making method by melt reduction |
| JPH0215109A (en) * | 1988-07-04 | 1990-01-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for treating molten iron |
| CN101182590A (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2008-05-21 | 莱芜钢铁股份有限公司 | Process of tron melt adding ore revolving furnace for steelmaking |
| CN104711388A (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2015-06-17 | 北京科技大学 | Low-silicon molten iron blowing method |
| CN104774995A (en) * | 2015-05-07 | 2015-07-15 | 湖南华菱湘潭钢铁有限公司 | Adding method of steelmaking slag charge of oxygen converter |
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