CN107556018A - A kind of preparation method of magnetic suspension train carbon sliding block composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of magnetic suspension train carbon sliding block composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN107556018A CN107556018A CN201610496425.5A CN201610496425A CN107556018A CN 107556018 A CN107556018 A CN 107556018A CN 201610496425 A CN201610496425 A CN 201610496425A CN 107556018 A CN107556018 A CN 107556018A
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Abstract
A kind of preparation method the invention discloses magnetic suspension train with carbon sliding block composite, including：In a heated condition, by the well mixed obtained compound of each raw material of carbon sliding block material；The compound is suppressed, solidify and extrusion forming processing, be made shaping blank；Calcination process is carried out to the blank, carbon sliding block material is made；In a heated condition, impregnating metal raw materials melt is well mixed, impregnating metal liquid is made；Impregnating metal liquid is poured on the carbon sliding block material of heating, the impregnating metal liquid is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material by air pressurized, produced.Using the carbon sliding block composite-material abrasive of the inventive method preparation, pressure-resistant, intensity is good, and stability is good, and environmental suitability is high, and processing characteristics is good, and electric conductivity, heat conductivility are good, service life length, and with good physics, mechanics, chemical property.
Description
Technical field
It is compound with carbon sliding block more particularly to a kind of magnetic suspension train the present invention relates to the rail carbon sliding block of magnetic suspension train the 3rd
The preparation method of material, belong to urban track traffic accessories field.
Background technology
Magnetic suspension train is a kind of modern high technology track vehicle, and it is realized between train and track by electromagnetic force
Contactless suspension and guiding, recycle the electromagnetic force tractor-trailer train of straight line to run.With the continuous increasing of national economic strength
The strong and improvement of people's living standards, it is necessary to improve the transport capacity of track traffic to adapt to economic development and people's livelihood needs, moral
The country such as state, Japan, U.S. has expanded the developmental research of magnetic suspension train, what Germany and Japan went it is bigger into
Just.At present, China has opened magnetic suspension train, and operational excellence on Shanghai, Changsha and other places.Because magnetic suspension train has
Quickly, low consumption, environmental protection, it is safe the advantages that, therefore prospect is very wide.Routine conductive maglev train is up to 400-500 kilometers/small
When, levitated superconducting magnet train is up to 500-600 kilometers/hour.
Magnetic suspension train contacts during operation is told, by carbon sliding block with the 3rd rail, because magnetic suspension train is transported
Row very high speed, therefore, there is high requirement to the electric conductivity, wearability and hardness of carbon sliding block.Currently for magnetic suspension train
Almost do not have with the research of carbon sliding block, existing carbon sliding block is mostly powder metallurgy carbon sliding block, due to powder shaped charge liner material
Firmly, coefficient of friction is big, serious to path wear, and material property itself, and it is existing to easily cause side, chip off-falling etc. in running
As, and easily cause parking and phenomena such as electric conductivity difference, and it is on the high side.Therefore, the present invention provides a kind of magnetic suspension
The preparation method of train carbon sliding block composite, obtained carbon sliding block composite greasy property, conductive aspect are completely excellent
In powder shaped charge liner, the coefficient of friction between carbon sliding block and track is reduced, track is not worn substantially, solves train operation
During caused by fall side chip off-falling problem, and increase the electric conductivity of carbon sliding block.
The content of the invention
The primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of magnetic suspension train for the above-mentioned problems of the prior art to be slided with carbon
The preparation method of block composite, the carbon sliding block composite-material abrasive prepared using the inventive method, pressure-resistant, intensity is good, stable
Property it is good, environmental suitability is high, and processing characteristics is good, and electric conductivity, heat conductivility are good, service life length, and with good
Physics, mechanics, chemical property.
To realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of preparation side of magnetic suspension train carbon sliding block composite
Method, including：
In a heated condition, additive, lubricant and carbon sliding block base stock not comprising pitch are well mixed, made
Obtain just compound；
In a heated condition, carbon sliding block base stock pitch is added in the just compound, is uniformly mixed, is made
Compound；
The compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；
Curing process is carried out to the stock column, solidification stock column is made；
The solidification stock column is placed in extruder and carries out extrusion forming, the blank of shaping is made；
Calcination process is carried out to the blank, carbon sliding block material is made；
In a heated condition, impregnating metal raw materials melt is well mixed, impregnating metal liquid is made；
The carbon sliding block material is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then impregnating metal liquid is poured into stone
The carbon sliding block material is submerged in black crucible；
The graphite crucible is placed in press, makes crucible with outside into sealing state by seal closure；
The crucible is pressurizeed, inside air indentation sealing cover, by air pressurized by the impregnating metal liquid
Body is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material, that is, the carbon sliding block composite is made.
Wherein, described obtained compound specifically includes：
To stainless steel carry out continuous heating, when the heating-up temperature of stainless steel reaches 120 ± 10 DEG C, by additive,
Lubricant and carbon sliding block base stock not comprising pitch are added in the stainless steel, are well mixed after a period of time,
Just compound is made；
Particularly, the incorporation time that just compound is made is 2-2.5h；
Especially, the incorporation time that just compound is made is preferably 2h；
When the heating-up temperature of the stainless steel reaches 150 ± 10 DEG C, carbon sliding block base stock pitch, which is added, to be had
In the just stainless steel of compound, it is uniformly mixed, compound is made；
Particularly, the incorporation time added after pitch is 1-1.5h；
Especially, the incorporation time added after pitch is preferably 1.5h.
Wherein, the processing time of the curing process is 12-18h.
Particularly, the processing time of the curing process is preferably 12-14h.
Especially, the treatment temperature of the curing process is 100 ± 10 DEG C.
The preparation method of carbon sliding block composite of the present invention carries out isothermal curing processing to the column stock column after compacting, makes institute
There is stock column to keep suitable and average temperature before extrusion forming is carried out；If otherwise the temperature of stock column is too high, extrude
Speed is fast, and the blank product density of shaping is low, difference of hardness, and properties of product are bad；If otherwise the temperature of stock column is too low, cause to squeeze
Pressure speed is slow, and the blank product density and hardness of shaping are all too high, and other performances are bad.
Especially, the treatment temperature of the extrusion forming processing is 160-180 DEG C.
Particularly, the processing time of the calcination process is 15 ± 1 days.
Especially, the processing time of the calcination process is preferably 15 days.
Particularly, the treatment temperature of the calcination process is 1000-1080 DEG C.
Especially, the treatment temperature of the calcination process is preferably 1030 DEG C.
After calcination process, that is, the carbon sliding block material is made.
Wherein, the carbon sliding block material is used to handle by impregnating metal, prepares magnetic suspension train carbon sliding block.
Wherein, the additive, the weight of lubricant and the carbon sliding block base stock are：Additive 3-12,
Lubricant 1-4, carbon sliding block base stock 70-140.
Particularly, the additive, the weight of lubricant and the carbon sliding block base stock are preferably：Additive
5-12, lubricant 2-4, carbon sliding block base stock 87-140.
Especially, the additive 5, the weight of lubricant and the carbon sliding block base stock are preferably：Addition
Agent 55-10, lubricant 2-3, carbon sliding block base stock 87-123.
Particularly, the additive 5, the weight of lubricant and the carbon sliding block base stock are preferably：Addition
Agent 57-10, lubricant 2.5-3, carbon sliding block base stock 105-123.
Especially, the additive 5, the weight of lubricant and the carbon sliding block base stock are preferably：Addition
Agent 55-8, lubricant 2-2.5, carbon sliding block base stock 87-105.
Particularly, the additive includes the first additive and Second addition；
Particularly, the weight of first additive and the Second addition is：First additive 1-4,
Two additive 2-8.
Especially, the weight of first additive and the Second addition is preferably：First additive 2-
4th, Second addition 3-6.
Particularly, the weight of first additive and the Second addition is preferably：First additive
2.5-3, Second addition 4.5-5.
Wherein, molybdenum disulfide and/or tungsten disulfide/or boron nitride may be selected in first additive；
Wherein, the molybdenum disulfide is black solid powder, and its particle diameter is 100-200 mesh.
Particularly, the particle diameter of the molybdenum disulfide is preferably 200 mesh.
Molybdenum disulfide has good lubricity, and anti-wear performance is good, can play the increasing effect of rubbing at high temperature, therefore can carry
The anti-wear performance of high-carbon sliding block material；And the fusing point of molybdenum disulfide is high, suitable for high temperature, high pressure, high rotating speed high load capacity machine
Tool working condition, therefore addition molybdenum disulfide can also improve the environmental suitability of carbon sliding block composite and extend it and use the longevity
Life.
Wherein, the tungsten disulfide is grey black solid powder, and particle diameter is 100-200 mesh.
Particularly, the particle diameter of the tungsten disulfide is preferably 200 mesh.
Tungsten disulfide greasy property is good, and coefficient of friction is low, and compression strength is big, negative available for high temperature, high pressure, high rotating speed, height
Lubrication under lotus, high vacuum condition, increase the wearability of product, improve the environmental suitability of carbon sliding block composite, extension makes
Use the life-span.
Wherein, the boron nitride is white powder, and particle diameter is 100-200 mesh.
Particularly, the particle diameter of the boron nitride is preferably 200 mesh.
Boron nitride has excellent greasy property, can be used as the releasing agent of high-temperature lubricant and a variety of models, and boron nitride
Hardness is high, and addition boron nitride can increase the wearability of product, improves the environmental suitability of carbon sliding block composite and extends it
Service life.
Wherein, carbon fiber or glass fibre may be selected in the Second addition.
Particularly, the Second addition is preferably carbon fiber.
Wherein, the length of the carbon fiber is 2-5cm.
Especially, the length of the carbon fiber is preferably 3-5cm.
Carbon fiber is high intensity, the new fiber materials of high modulus fibre of a kind of phosphorus content more than 95%.It is by
The organic fibers such as flake graphite are piled up along fiber axial direction to be formed, through microlite obtained from carbonization and graphitization processing
Ink material.It not only has the strong tensile property of carbon material, has both the soft machinability of textile fabric again, is increasing of new generation
Strong fiber.Because it has light and strong, the light and performance such as firm, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, endurance so that the addition of carbon fiber can be with
Increase the anti-wear performance of carbon sliding block composite, increase its intensity, improving the environmental suitability of carbon sliding block material and extending it makes
Use the life-span.
Wherein, the glass fibre is a kind of inorganic non-metallic material, heat-resist, and corrosion resistance is good, high mechanical strength,
Tensile strength is big, non-ignitable, anti-rotten and cheap, and the intensity of carbon sliding block composite can be increased by adding stripping fiber, be improved
The heat resistance of carbon sliding block composite, environmental suitability simultaneously extend its service life.
Wherein, zinc stearate and/or calcium stearate may be selected in the lubricant.
Particularly, the powder that the zinc stearate bonds for white, there is soapy feeling, micro- tool penetrating odor；Density is
1.0953g/ml (25/4 DEG C), fusing point are 1304 DEG C, and self-ignition point is 9005 DEG C.Because it has higher fusing point and self-ignition point,
Therefore play a part of stabilizer, releasing agent and lubricant in carbon sliding block material, the stability of increase carbon sliding block composite,
Lubricity, and machining property.
Especially, the calcium stearate is white powder, fluffy；Calcium stearate heat endurance is good, and lubricity is good, and price is low
Honest and clean, small toxicity, processing characteristics is good, and the addition of calcium stearate can increase stability, the lubricity of carbon sliding block composite, and
Machining property.
Wherein, the carbon sliding block base stock includes：Petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch.
Particularly, the weight of the petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch is：Petroleum coke 20-40,
Delanium 10-30, native graphite 10-20, pitch 30-50.
Especially, the granularity of the petroleum coke is 300 ± 20 mesh, moisture≤1%, ash content≤1%.
Petroleum coke of the present invention selects ripe Jiao of low-sulfur.
Petroleum coke of the present invention has the characteristics that heat-resisting, wear-resisting, stable friction factor, loss are low, therefore the addition of petroleum coke
Heat resistance, the wearability of carbon sliding block material can be improved, improves the coefficient of friction of carbon sliding block material, and reduces its loss.
Particularly, the granularity of the native graphite is 40-60 mesh, carbon content >=99%, ash content≤1%.
Especially, the granularity of the Delanium is 300 mesh, carbon content >=99%, ash content≤1%.
Native graphite and Delanium have light weight, conduct electricity very well, good heat conductivity, greasy property are good, it is mechanical plus
The advantages that work function admirable, the electric conductivity, heat conductivility and greasy property of carbon sliding block composite can be improved, and increase carbon
The machining property of sliding block composite.
The native graphite and Delanium of the present invention is preferably crystalline flake graphite.
Particularly, the pitch is mid temperature pitch, and softening point is 65-90 DEG C.
Mid temperature pitch is tar distillation raffinate part, and yield accounts for the 54-56% of tar, and it is by aromatic series more than three rings
Compound and oxygen-containing, nitrogenous, sulfur heterocyclic compound and a small amount of macromolecule carbonaceous material composition, pitch of the present invention play binding agent and made
With.
Especially, the additive, the parts by weight of lubricant and the petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch
Match and be：Additive -12, lubricant 1-4, petroleum coke 20-40, Delanium 10-30, native graphite 10-20, pitch 30-50.
Particularly, the additive, the parts by weight of lubricant and the petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch
Match and be：Additive 5-12, lubricant 2-4, petroleum coke 25-40, Delanium 15-30, native graphite 12-20, pitch 35-
50。
Especially, the additive, the parts by weight of lubricant and the petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch
Proportioning is preferably：Additive 5-10, lubricant 2-3, petroleum coke 25-35, Delanium 15-25, native graphite 12-18, pitch
35-45。
Particularly, the additive, the parts by weight of lubricant and the petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch
Proportioning is preferably：Additive 7-10, lubricant 2.5-3, petroleum coke 30-35, Delanium 20-25, native graphite 15-18, drip
Blue or green 40-45.
Especially, the additive, the parts by weight of lubricant and the petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch
Match and be：Additive 5-8, lubricant 2-2.5, petroleum coke 25-30, Delanium 15-20, native graphite 12-15, pitch 35-
40。
Wherein, the impregnating metal raw material includes raw metal, silico briquette and charcoal.
Particularly, the silicon, the weight of charcoal and the raw metal are：Silicon 3-5, charcoal 0.5-2, metal raw
Expect 80-120.
Especially, the silicon, the weight of charcoal and the raw metal are preferably：Silicon 3.5-5, charcoal 1-2, gold
Belong to raw material 89-120.
Especially, the silicon, the weight of charcoal and the raw metal are preferably：Silicon 3-4.5, charcoal 0.5-
1.5th, raw metal 80-111.
Particularly, the silicon, the weight of charcoal and the raw metal are preferably：Silicon 3.5-4.5, charcoal 1-
1.5th, raw metal 89-111.
Especially, the silicon, the weight of charcoal and the raw metal are preferably：Silicon 3.5-4, charcoal 1-1.5,
Raw metal 89-100.
Particularly, the silicon, the weight of charcoal and the raw metal are preferably：Silicon 4-4.5, charcoal 1.5-2,
Raw metal 100-111.
Particularly, the silicon is the unformed silicon of purity >=95%, and the fusing point height of silicon, hardness are big, have semiconductor property；
Because silicon materials tension force is small, density ratio copper is small, can swim in above copper water, therefore the main slow copper water alloy of silicon in the present invention
Solidification, makes the later stage conveniently take.
Especially, the charcoal is common charcoal, and its effect is to prevent alloy oxidation, and anti-blocking sliding block impregnating metal material
Expect the oxidation during high-temperature operation.
Wherein, the raw metal includes red copper, tin and lead.
Particularly, the weight of the red copper, tin and lead is：Red copper 60-80, tin 10-20, lead 10-20.
Especially, the red copper is industrial pure copper, and fusing point is 1083 DEG C, copper content >=99.9%.
The copper content of red copper is high, and electric conductivity, thermal conductivity are all preferable, and anti-corrosion, are greatly improved leading for impregnating metal material
Electrical property.
Particularly, the tin is tin slab, purity >=99.95%.
Tin can increase the intensity of the abrasion resistance properties of material, corrosion resistance and appropriateness.
Especially, the lead is silvery white non-ferrous metal, purity >=90%.
Lead has magnetic and good plasticity, corrosion resistance and good, is conventional alloying metal.Lead is main inside material
If increase the bulk density of material, and the greasy property of increase material！
Wherein, described to be well mixed impregnating metal raw materials melt, impregnating metal liquid, which is made, to be included：
Copper plate, tin slab, lead, silico briquette are placed in the heating furnace that temperature is 500-600 DEG C, and it is heated up；
After temperature reaches 1300-1500 DEG C, above-mentioned raw materials, which are stirred, makes it well mixed, and adds charcoal, makes
Obtain steeping liq.
Wherein, it is described state silicon, the weight of charcoal and the red copper, tin and lead is：Silicon 3-5, charcoal 0.5-2, purple
Copper 60-80, tin 10-20, lead 10-20.
Particularly, it is described state silicon, the weight of charcoal and the red copper, tin and lead is：Silicon 3.5-5, charcoal 1-2,
Red copper 65-80, tin 12-20, lead 12-20.
Especially, it is described state silicon, the weight of charcoal and the red copper, tin and lead is：Silicon 3-4.5, charcoal 0.5-
1.5th, red copper 60-75, tin 10-18, lead 10-18.
Particularly, it is described state silicon, the weight of charcoal and the red copper, tin and lead is：Silicon 3.5-4.5, charcoal 1-
1.5th, red copper 65-75, tin 12-18, lead 12-18.
Especially, it is described state silicon, the weight of charcoal and the red copper, tin and lead is：Silicon 3.5-4, charcoal 1-
1.5th, red copper 65-70, tin 12-15, lead 12-15.
Particularly, it is described state silicon, the weight of charcoal and the red copper, tin and lead is：Silicon 4-4.5, charcoal 1.5-
2nd, red copper 70-75, tin 15-18, lead 15-18.
Wherein, carbon sliding block material is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then by temperature be 1300-1500 DEG C
Impregnating metal liquid pour into graphite crucible by the carbon sliding block material submerge.
Particularly, the carbon sliding block material is submerged 2cm or so by the impregnating metal liquid.
Especially, the graphite crucible is placed in 650 tons of press, makes crucible with outside into sealing shape by seal closure
State
Wherein, the crucible is pressurizeed, it is by air pressurized that the dipping is golden inside air indentation sealing cover
Belong to liquid to be pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material.
Particularly, the pressure of the air pressurized is 60-70MPa.
Especially, the time of the pressurization is 20-40s.
The preparation method of carbon sliding block composite of the present invention has the following advantages that and advantageous effects：
1st, the inventive method prepare carbon sliding block composite-material abrasive, pressure-resistant, intensity is good, stability is good, environmental suitability
Height, processing characteristics is good, and electric conductivity, heat conductivility are good, service life length, and with good physics, mechanics, chemically
Energy.
2nd, the first additive in the inventive method has good lubricity, and anti-wear performance is good, and fusing point is high, suitable for height
Temperature, high pressure, the machine work state of high rotating speed high load capacity, therefore the anti-wear performance of carbon sliding block composite, environment can be improved
Adaptability simultaneously extends its service life.
3rd, the Second addition in the inventive method can increase the anti-wear performance of carbon sliding block composite, and it is strong to increase its
Degree, improve the environmental suitability of carbon sliding block material and extend its service life.
4th, the lubricant in the inventive method can increase the stability of carbon sliding block composite, lubricity, release property with
And machining property.
5th, the inventive method selection petroleum coke, native graphite, Delanium and pitch is as carbon sliding block base stock, can be with
Improve heat resistance, the wearability of carbon sliding block composite, electric conductivity, heat conductivility, the friction of raising carbon sliding block composite
Coefficient, increase the machining property of carbon sliding block composite and reduce its loss.
6th, the inventive method carries out isothermal curing processing to the column stock column after compacting, is being squeezed into all stock columns
Suitable temperature can be kept before type；If otherwise the temperature of stock column is too high, extrusion speed is fast, the blank product density of shaping
Low, difference of hardness, properties of product are bad；If otherwise the temperature of stock column is too low, cause extrusion speed slow, the blank product of shaping is close
Degree and hardness are all too high, and other performances are bad.
7th, the inventive method selection silico briquette can prevent slowly its solidification in the process of copper water alloy, make it as addition
The product later stage conveniently takes.
8 the inventive method selection charcoal can prevent alloy oxidation, and anti-blocking sliding block impregnating metal material as addition
Oxidation during high-temperature operation.
9 the inventive method selection red copper, tin, lead can improve the electric conductivity of carbon sliding block composite as raw metal
Energy, heat conductivility.
10th, the preparation method of carbon sliding block composite of the present invention is simple, and preparation technology is simple, and product quality stablizing effect is bright
It is aobvious and easy to use.
Embodiment
Invention is illustrated with reference to embodiments.Advantages of the present invention and feature will be with description and it is more clear
Chu.But these embodiments are only exemplary, do not form any restrictions to the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art should
Understand, the details and form of technical solution of the present invention can be modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention
Or replace, but these modifications and replacement are each fallen within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1st, carbon sliding block material is prepared
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) raw material mixes
Continuous heating is carried out to mixing kettle, when the temperature of mixing kettle reaches 120 DEG C, by petroleum coke, Delanium, natural
Graphite, pitch, molybdenum disulfide, carbon fiber and zinc stearate are added in mixing kettle, are stirred 2h, make it that powder uniformly be made
The first compound of last shape；
Then, when the temperature of heating kettle reaches 150 DEG C, pitch is added in just compound, 1.5h is stirred, makes
Uniformly powder-mixed material is made in it；
(3) compression process
Powdered compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；
(4) curing process
The stock column suppressed is placed in 100 DEG C of baking oven and carries out curing process, processing time 14h, keeps stock column
Constant temperature；
(5) extrusion forming
Stock column after solidification is put into extrusion forming in extruder, obtains carbon sliding block material blank, setting extrusion temperature is
170℃；
(6) calcination process
The carbon sliding block material blank of extrusion forming is put into roaster, is calcined 15 days at 1030 DEG C, that is, obtains carbon cunning
Block of material.
Wherein, it is alternatively that, the molybdenum disulfide in the present embodiment can also replace with tungsten disulfide or boron nitride or two sulphur
Change molybdenum-tungsten disulfide mixture, its weight is identical with molybdenum disulfide；
Alternatively, the carbon fiber in the present embodiment can also replace with glass fibre, its weight and carbon fiber
It is identical；
Alternatively, the zinc stearate in the present embodiment can also replace with calcium stearate, its weight and tristearin
Sour zinc is identical.
2nd, impregnating metal
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) steeping liq is prepared
Copper plate, tin slab, lead, silico briquette are placed in the heating furnace that temperature is 550 DEG C, and it is heated up；
After temperature reaches 1400 DEG C, above-mentioned raw materials, which are stirred, makes it well mixed, and adds charcoal, and dipping is made
Liquid；
(3) compression process
Carbon sliding block material to be impregnated is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then by temperature is 1400 DEG C of left sides
Right impregnating metal liquid pours into graphite crucible and submerges the carbon sliding block material, and exceedes its 2cm；
The graphite crucible for being loaded with carbon sliding block material and impregnating metal liquid is placed in 650 tons of press, by graphite earthenware
Pot push-in press specified location, press table position is pressed to by seal closure, makes crucible with outside into sealing state；
Start baric systerm, pressurization 30s is carried out to above-mentioned graphite crucible by air pressure compression system, by 65MPa air
Inside indentation sealing cover, the impregnating metal liquid is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material by air pressurized, that is, leaching is made
Carbon sliding block composite after stain metal.
Physical property detection is carried out to obtained carbon sliding block composite, the results are shown in Table 1；Obtained carbon sliding block is answered
Condensation material carries out wear test, and test basis is the " provisional technical conditions (TJ/ of AC drive locomotive pantograph metal-impregnated carbon slide
JW054-2014) ", test result is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 2
1st, carbon sliding block is prepared
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) raw material mixes
Continuous heating is carried out to mixing kettle, when the temperature of mixing kettle reaches 125 DEG C, by petroleum coke, Delanium, natural
Graphite, pitch, molybdenum disulfide, carbon fiber and zinc stearate are added in mixing kettle, are stirred 2.3h, it is uniformly made
Powdered just compound；
Then, when the temperature of heating kettle reaches 145 DEG C, pitch is added in just compound, 1.2h is stirred, makes
Uniformly powder-mixed material is made in it；
(3) compression process
Powdered compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；
(4) curing process
The stock column suppressed is placed in 105 DEG C of baking oven and carries out curing process, processing time 16h, keeps stock column
Constant temperature；
(5) extrusion forming
Stock column after solidification is put into extrusion forming in extruder, obtains carbon sliding block material blank, setting extrusion temperature is
175℃；
(6) calcination process
The carbon sliding block material blank of extrusion forming is put into roaster, is calcined 16 days at 1050 DEG C, that is, obtains carbon cunning
Block of material.
Wherein, it is alternatively that, the molybdenum disulfide in the present embodiment can also replace with tungsten disulfide or boron nitride or two sulphur
Change molybdenum-tungsten disulfide mixture, its weight is identical with molybdenum disulfide；
Alternatively, the carbon fiber in the present embodiment can also replace with glass fibre, its weight and carbon fiber
It is identical；
Alternatively, the zinc stearate in the present embodiment can also replace with calcium stearate or zinc stearate-calcium stearate
Mixture, its weight are identical with zinc stearate.
2nd, impregnating metal
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) steeping liq is prepared
Copper plate, tin slab, lead, silico briquette are placed in the heating furnace that temperature is 580 DEG C, and it is heated up；
After temperature reaches 1350 DEG C, above-mentioned raw materials, which are stirred, makes it well mixed, and adds charcoal, and dipping is made
Liquid；
(3) compression process
Carbon sliding block material to be impregnated is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then by temperature is 1350 DEG C of left sides
Right impregnating metal liquid pours into graphite crucible and submerges the carbon sliding block material, and exceedes its 2cm；
The graphite crucible for being loaded with carbon sliding block material and impregnating metal liquid is placed in 650 tons of press, by graphite earthenware
Pot push-in press specified location, press table position is pressed to by seal closure, makes crucible with outside into sealing state；
Start baric systerm, pressurization 35s is carried out to above-mentioned graphite crucible by air pressure compression system, by 65MPa air
Inside indentation sealing cover, the impregnating metal liquid is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material by air pressurized, that is, leaching is made
Carbon sliding block composite after stain metal.
Physical property detection is carried out to obtained carbon sliding block composite, the results are shown in Table 1；Obtained carbon sliding block is answered
Condensation material carries out wear test, and test basis is the " provisional technical conditions (TJ/ of AC drive locomotive pantograph metal-impregnated carbon slide
JW054-2014) ", test result is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 3
1st, carbon sliding block is prepared
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) raw material mixes
Continuous heating is carried out to mixing kettle, when the temperature of mixing kettle reaches 115 DEG C, by petroleum coke, Delanium, natural
Graphite, pitch, molybdenum disulfide, carbon fiber and zinc stearate are added in mixing kettle, are stirred 2.2h, it is uniformly made
Powdered just compound；
Then, when the temperature of heating kettle reaches 155 DEG C, pitch is added in just compound, 1.3h is stirred, makes
Uniformly powder-mixed material is made in it；
(3) compression process
Powdered compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；
(4) curing process
The stock column suppressed is placed in 95 DEG C of baking oven and carries out curing process, processing time 17h, stock column is kept permanent
Temperature；
(5) extrusion forming
Stock column after solidification is put into extrusion forming in extruder, obtains carbon sliding block material blank, setting extrusion temperature is
165℃；
(6) calcination process
The carbon sliding block material blank of extrusion forming is put into roaster, is calcined 14 days at 1020 DEG C, that is, obtains carbon cunning
Block of material.
Wherein, it is alternatively that, the molybdenum disulfide in the present embodiment can also replace with tungsten disulfide or boron nitride or two sulphur
Change molybdenum-tungsten disulfide mixture, its weight is identical with molybdenum disulfide；
Alternatively, the carbon fiber in the present embodiment can also replace with glass fibre, its weight and carbon fiber
It is identical；
Alternatively, the zinc stearate in the present embodiment can also replace with calcium stearate, its weight and tristearin
Sour zinc is identical.
2nd, impregnating metal
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) steeping liq is prepared
Copper plate, tin slab, lead, silico briquette are placed in the heating furnace that temperature is 530 DEG C, and it is heated up；
After temperature reaches 1450 DEG C, above-mentioned raw materials, which are stirred, makes it well mixed, and adds charcoal, and dipping is made
Liquid；
(3) compression process
Carbon sliding block material to be impregnated is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then by temperature is 1450 DEG C of left sides
Right impregnating metal liquid pours into graphite crucible and submerges the carbon sliding block material, and exceedes its 2cm；
The graphite crucible for being loaded with carbon sliding block material and impregnating metal liquid is placed in 650 tons of press, by graphite earthenware
Pot push-in press specified location, press table position is pressed to by seal closure, makes crucible with outside into sealing state；
Start baric systerm, pressurization 25s is carried out to above-mentioned graphite crucible by air pressure compression system, by 68MPa air
Inside indentation sealing cover, the impregnating metal liquid is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material by air pressurized, that is, leaching is made
Carbon sliding block composite after stain metal.
Physical property detection is carried out to obtained carbon sliding block composite, the results are shown in Table 1；Obtained carbon sliding block is answered
Condensation material carries out wear test, and test basis is the " provisional technical conditions (TJ/ of AC drive locomotive pantograph metal-impregnated carbon slide
JW054-2014) ", test result is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 4
1st, carbon sliding block is prepared
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) raw material mixes
Continuous heating is carried out to mixing kettle, when the temperature of mixing kettle reaches 130 DEG C, by petroleum coke, Delanium, natural
Graphite, pitch, molybdenum disulfide, carbon fiber and zinc stearate are added in mixing kettle, are stirred 2.5h, it is uniformly made
Powdered just compound；
Then, when the temperature of heating kettle reaches 140 DEG C, pitch is added in just compound, 1.5h is stirred, makes
Uniformly powder-mixed material is made in it；
(3) compression process
Powdered compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；
(4) curing process
The stock column suppressed is placed in 90 DEG C of baking oven and carries out curing process, processing time 18h, stock column is kept permanent
Temperature；
(5) extrusion forming
Stock column after solidification is put into extrusion forming in extruder, obtains carbon sliding block material blank, setting extrusion temperature is
180℃；
(6) calcination process
The carbon sliding block material blank of extrusion forming is put into roaster, is calcined 15 days at 1000 DEG C, that is, obtains carbon cunning
Block of material.
Wherein, it is alternatively that, the molybdenum disulfide in the present embodiment can also replace with tungsten disulfide or boron nitride or two sulphur
Change molybdenum-tungsten disulfide mixture, its weight is identical with molybdenum disulfide；
Alternatively, the carbon fiber in the present embodiment can also replace with glass fibre, its weight and carbon fiber
It is identical；
Alternatively, the zinc stearate in the present embodiment can also replace with calcium stearate, its weight and tristearin
Sour zinc is identical.
2nd, impregnating metal
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) steeping liq is prepared
Copper plate, tin slab, lead, silico briquette are placed in the heating furnace that temperature is 500 DEG C, and it is heated up；
After temperature reaches 1500 DEG C, above-mentioned raw materials, which are stirred, makes it well mixed, and adds charcoal, and dipping is made
Liquid；
(3) compression process
Carbon sliding block material to be impregnated is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then by temperature is 1500 DEG C of left sides
Right impregnating metal liquid pours into graphite crucible and submerges the carbon sliding block material, and exceedes its 2cm；
The graphite crucible for being loaded with carbon sliding block material and impregnating metal liquid is placed in 650 tons of press, by graphite earthenware
Pot push-in press specified location, press table position is pressed to by seal closure, makes crucible with outside into sealing state；
Start baric systerm, pressurization 20s is carried out to above-mentioned graphite crucible by air pressure compression system, by 70MPa air
Inside indentation sealing cover, the impregnating metal liquid is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material by air pressurized, that is, leaching is made
Carbon sliding block composite after stain metal.
Physical property detection is carried out to obtained carbon sliding block composite, the results are shown in Table 1；Obtained carbon sliding block is answered
Condensation material carries out wear test, and test basis is the " provisional technical conditions (TJ/ of AC drive locomotive pantograph metal-impregnated carbon slide
JW054-2014) ", test result is shown in Table 2.
Embodiment 5
1st, carbon sliding block is prepared
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) raw material mixes
Continuous heating is carried out to mixing kettle, when the temperature of mixing kettle reaches 110 DEG C, by petroleum coke, Delanium, natural
Graphite, pitch, molybdenum disulfide, carbon fiber and zinc stearate are added in mixing kettle, are stirred 2h, make it that powder uniformly be made
The first compound of last shape；
Then, when the temperature of heating kettle reaches 150 DEG C, pitch is added in just compound, 1h is stirred, makes it
Uniformly, powder-mixed material is made；
(3) compression process
Powdered compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；
(4) curing process
The stock column suppressed is placed in 110 DEG C of baking oven and carries out curing process, processing time 12h, keeps stock column
Constant temperature；
(5) extrusion forming
Stock column after solidification is put into extrusion forming in extruder, obtains carbon sliding block material blank, setting extrusion temperature is
160℃；
(6) calcination process
The carbon sliding block material blank of extrusion forming is put into roaster, is calcined 15 days at 1080 DEG C, that is, obtains carbon cunning
Block of material.
Wherein, it is alternatively that, the molybdenum disulfide in the present embodiment can also replace with tungsten disulfide or boron nitride or two sulphur
Change molybdenum-tungsten disulfide mixture, its weight is identical with molybdenum disulfide；
Alternatively, the carbon fiber in the present embodiment can also replace with glass fibre, its weight and carbon fiber
It is identical；
Alternatively, the zinc stearate in the present embodiment can also replace with calcium stearate, its weight and tristearin
Sour zinc is identical.
2nd, impregnating metal
(1) stocked up according to following weight
(2) steeping liq is prepared
Copper plate, tin slab, lead, silico briquette are placed in the heating furnace that temperature is 600 DEG C, and it is heated up；
After temperature reaches 1300 DEG C, above-mentioned raw materials, which are stirred, makes it well mixed, and adds charcoal, and dipping is made
Liquid；
(3) compression process
Carbon sliding block material to be impregnated is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then by temperature is 1300 DEG C of left sides
Right impregnating metal liquid pours into graphite crucible and submerges the carbon sliding block material, and exceedes its 2cm；
The graphite crucible for being loaded with carbon sliding block material and impregnating metal liquid is placed in 650 tons of press, by graphite earthenware
Pot push-in press specified location, press table position is pressed to by seal closure, makes crucible with outside into sealing state；
Start baric systerm, pressurization 40s is carried out to above-mentioned graphite crucible by air pressure compression system, by 60MPa air
Inside indentation sealing cover, the impregnating metal liquid is pressed into inside the carbon sliding block material by air pressurized, that is, leaching is made
Carbon sliding block composite after stain metal.
Physical property detection is carried out to obtained carbon sliding block composite, the results are shown in Table 1；Obtained carbon sliding block is answered
Condensation material carries out wear test, and test basis is the " provisional technical conditions (TJ/ of AC drive locomotive pantograph metal-impregnated carbon slide
JW054-2014) ", test result is shown in Table 2.
The embodiment 1-5 carbon sliding block composite physical property testing results of table 1
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that carbon sliding block composite physical property of the present invention is good, reach railway TJ/JW054-
The requirement of 2014 standards, resistivity is low, conducts electricity very well, and bulk density is small, and rupture strength and compression strength are high, and hardness is moderate, punching
Good toughness is hit, compared to the carbon sliding block material for being not impregnated with metal, resistivity reduces 20 μ Ω m or so, and bulk density adds
0.87-0.97g/cm3, rupture strength improves 34-48MPa, and compression strength improves 155-179MPa, and Rockwell hardness improves
71-79, impact flexibility improve 0.14-0.23J/cm2。
The embodiment 1-5 carbon sliding block composite wear test results of table 2
| Height wear resistance ratio | Weight wear resistance ratio | To line wear resistance ratio | |
| Standard | ≤10mm | ≤204 | ≤0.025 |
| Embodiment 1 | 5-5.1 | 57-60 | 0.01-0.012 |
| Embodiment 2 | 5.13-5.2 | 58-59 | 0.011-0.014 |
| Embodiment 3 | 5.13-5.15 | 55-59 | 0.012-0.013 |
| Embodiment 4 | 4.99-5.06 | 59-61 | 0.009-0.011 |
| Embodiment 5 | 5.02-5.14 | 56-60 | 0.008-0.013 |
From the data in table 2, it can be seen that carbon sliding block composite physical property of the present invention is good, reach TJ/JW054-2014's
It is required that wear resistance ratio is small, anti-wear performance is good.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. magnetic suspension train preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that including：In a heated condition, additive, lubricant and carbon sliding block base stock not comprising pitch are well mixed, are made just Compound；In a heated condition, carbon sliding block base stock pitch is added in the just compound, is uniformly mixed, mixing is made Material；The compound is placed in mould and carries out compression process, columned stock column is made；Curing process is carried out to the stock column, solidification stock column is made；The solidification stock column is placed in extruder and carries out extrusion forming, the blank of shaping is made；Calcination process is carried out to the blank, carbon sliding block material is made；In a heated condition, impregnating metal raw materials melt is well mixed, impregnating metal liquid is made；The carbon sliding block material is placed in graphite crucible and is heated to 800-1000 DEG C, then impregnating metal liquid is poured into graphite earthenware The carbon sliding block material is submerged in crucible；The graphite crucible is placed in press, makes crucible with outside into sealing state by seal closure；The crucible is pressurizeed, inside air indentation sealing cover, by air pressurized by the impregnating metal liquid pressure Enter inside the carbon sliding block material, that is, the carbon sliding block composite is made.
- 2. the magnetic suspension train as claimed in claim 1 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that described to add The agent, the weight of lubricant and the carbon sliding block base stock is added to be：Additive 3-12, lubricant 1-4, carbon sliding block are basic Raw material 70-140.
- 3. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 2 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the additive Including the first additive and Second addition；Wherein, molybdenum disulfide and/or tungsten disulfide/or boron nitride may be selected in first additive；Carbon fiber or glass fibre may be selected in the Second addition.
- 4. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 2 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the lubricant Zinc stearate and/or calcium stearate may be selected.
- 5. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 2 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the carbon sliding block Base stock includes：Petroleum coke, Delanium, native graphite and pitch.
- 6. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 6 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the oil Jiao, Delanium, the weight of native graphite and pitch are：Petroleum coke 20-40, Delanium 10-30, native graphite 10-20, pitch 30-50.
- 7. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 1 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the dipping gold Category raw material includes raw metal, silico briquette and charcoal.
- 8. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 7 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the silicon, wood The weight of charcoal and the raw metal is：Silicon 3-5, charcoal 0.5-2, raw metal 80-120.
- 9. the magnetic suspension as claimed in claim 3 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that the metal raw Material includes：Red copper, tin and lead.
- 10. the magnetic suspension train as claimed in claim 3 preparation method of carbon sliding block composite, it is characterised in that described The weight of red copper, tin and lead is：Red copper 60-80, tin 10-20, lead 10-20.
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| CN108997021A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-12-14 | 成都易卡朋电碳有限公司 | A kind of trolleybus carbon sliding block material |
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| CN109336604A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-15 | 上海东洋炭素有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric vacuum pump graphite rotator |
| CN116789453A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-09-22 | 湖北东南佳特碳新材料有限公司 | Graphite crucible and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109336604A (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-02-15 | 上海东洋炭素有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric vacuum pump graphite rotator |
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