CN107555571A - The environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby - Google Patents
The environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby Download PDFInfo
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- CN107555571A CN107555571A CN201710743413.2A CN201710743413A CN107555571A CN 107555571 A CN107555571 A CN 107555571A CN 201710743413 A CN201710743413 A CN 201710743413A CN 107555571 A CN107555571 A CN 107555571A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprise the steps：(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator is added in heavy metal wastewater thereby, stirred 10 30 minutes, then stand 13 hours；Heavy metal concentration is 5 25mg/L in the heavy metal wastewater thereby；The mass ratio of the rhamnolipid biological surface activator and heavy metal wastewater thereby is 1:10‑1:1000；(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.In the present invention, rhamnolipid biological surface activator is added in heavy metal wastewater thereby, the heavy metal ion in the rhamnolipid biological surface activator generation Micelle solubilization waste water.By flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration, rhamnolipid biological surface activator micelle is retained, so as to serve the effect for removing heavy metal ion in heavy metal wastewater thereby.The present invention heavy metal wastewater thereby environment-friendly treating process heavy metals removal effect it is good, consume energy low, simple to operate, non-secondary pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of handling process of waste water, more particularly to a kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby.
Background technology
What heavy metal wastewater thereby referred to discharge in the industrial processes such as mining and metallurgy, machine-building, chemical industry, electronics, instrument contains weight
The waste water of metal.Heavy metal (such as containing cadmium, nickel, mercury, zinc) waste water is to an environmental pollution most serious and the mankind endangered maximum
One of industrial wastewater, its water quality and quantity is relevant with production technology.Heavy metal in waste water can not typically decompose destruction, Zhi Nengzhuan
Move its existence position and change its Material Form.Processing method is to reform production technology first, uses no or little the big weight of toxicity
Metal, in production site, treatment in situ (if do not discharged workshop) is located frequently with chemical precipitation method, ion-exchange etc.
Reason, heavy metal can discharge or reuse less than discharge standard in the water after processing.New heavy metal enriched product is formed to try one's best back
Receive and utilize or be subject to harmless treatment.
Heavy metal in waste water is that various common methods can not decompose destruction, and can only shift the presence of which position and
Change their physics and chemical form.For example, after chemical precipitation is handled, the ionic condition of heavy metal in waste water from dissolving
It is transformed into insoluble chemical compound and precipitates, is transferred to from water in sludge；After ion-exchange treatment, the metal in waste water
Ion-transfer is on ion exchange resin；It is transferred to again from ion exchange resin in regeneration liquid waste after regeneration.In a word, a huge sum of money
Category waste water forms two kinds of products after processing, first, the processing water of heavy metal is substantially stripped of, first, the concentration production of heavy metal
Thing.Heavy metal concentration can discharge less than the processing water of discharge standard；If meet production technology water requirement, best reuse.
Heavy metal in enriched product mostly has use value, and should try one's best recycling；There is no recovery value, to be subject to innoxious place
Reason.
The improvement of heavy metal wastewater thereby, it is necessary to using aggregate measures.First, most basic is reform production technology, do not have to or
Few big heavy metal of toxicity；Next to that use rational technological process and perfect life in the production process using heavy metal
Equipment is produced, the production management and operation for carrying out science operate, and reduce the consumption of heavy metal and the number of dropouts with waste water；In this base
The waste water few to quantity on plinth, concentration is low is effectively handled.Heavy metal wastewater thereby should produce place treatment in situ, different
Other waste water mix, in order to avoid complicate processing.Less municipal sewage system should be directly discharged into without processing, be mixed with municipal sewage
Conjunction enters sewage treatment plant.If by the use of the sludge and waste water for containing heavy metal as fertilizer and irrigated farmland, soil can be made to get dirty
Dye, causes heavy metal to be put aside in crops.Concentration coefficient highest heavy metal is cadmium, nickel and zinc in crops, and in water
Concentration coefficient highest heavy metal is mercury, zinc etc. in biology.
The content of the invention
Adopted the following technical scheme that to solve deficiency, the present invention present in above-mentioned technology：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, is handled using rhamnolipid biological surface activator.
Preferably,
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator is added in heavy metal wastewater thereby, stirs 10-30 minutes, then to stand 1-3 small
When；
Heavy metal concentration is 5-25mg/L in the heavy metal wastewater thereby；Heavy metal is Cu in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+、Zn2 +、Ni2+、Cd2+、Pb2+And Cr3+In one kind or its mixture；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator and heavy metal wastewater thereby
Mass ratio be 1:10-1:1000；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
In the present invention, rhamnolipid biological surface activator is added in heavy metal wastewater thereby, the rhamnolipid biological table
Heavy metal ion in the activating agent generation Micelle solubilization waste water of face.By flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration, in above-mentioned solubilising waste water
The rhamnolipid biological surface activator micelle of heavy metal ion is retained by milipore filter, is removed so as to serve in heavy metal wastewater thereby
The effect of heavy metal ion.
The environment-friendly treating process heavy metals removal effect of the heavy metal wastewater thereby of the present invention is good, power consumption is low, simple to operate, without two
Secondary pollution.
Embodiment
The rhamnolipid biological surface activator is prepared using following methods：
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is added in fermentation medium with 2-4% (V/V) inoculum concentration, shaking table culture 80-100 is small
When, obtain zymotic fluid；It is further preferred that shaking table culture rotating speed is 200-400 revs/min, cultivation temperature is 35-40 DEG C；
Wherein, the composition of fermentation medium be vegetable oil 40-80g/L, sodium nitrate 6-10g/L, sodium chloride 0.5-1.5g/L,
Potassium chloride 0.5-1.5g/L, calcium chloride 0.05-0.2g/L, KH2PO4·12H2O 3-5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.5g/L,
FeSO4·7H2O 0.0002-0.002g/L, surplus are water, pH value 6.2-6.9；
Zymotic fluid is incubated 20-50 minutes in 110-130 DEG C, 35-45 DEG C is then cooled to, centrifugation, takes supernatant, extract
Take, be evaporated under reduced pressure, it is 5-15g/L to control rhamnolipid content, that is, obtains the biological environmental production surfactant；Preferably, institute
Centrifugal speed is stated as 8000-20000 revs/min.
The vegetable oil be peanut oil, walnut oil, olive oil, apricot kernel oil, sesame oil, soybean oil, rape oil, sunflower oil,
One kind or its mixture in maize germ oil and safflower seed oil.Preferably, the vegetable oil is that olive oil and safflower seed oil are pressed
Mass ratio is 1：(1-3) is mixed.
The pseudomonas aeruginosa is pseudomonas aeruginosa BNCC 185967 and/or pseudomonas aeruginosa CCTCC AB
2013184.Preferably, the pseudomonas aeruginosa is pseudomonas aeruginosa BNCC185967 and pseudomonas aeruginosa
CCTCC AB 2013184 are (1-3) in mass ratio：(1-3) is mixed.
Strain name：P. aeruginosa Pseudomonas, aeruginosa, bacterium numbering：BNCC185967, Bei Na give birth to
Thing preservation.
Strain name：P. aeruginosa Pseudomonas, aeruginosa, bacterium numbering：CCTCC AB2013184, in
State's Type Tissue Collection preservation.
Embodiment 1：The preparation of rhamnolipid biological surface activator
Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCTCC AB 2013184 are added in fermentation medium with 3% (V/V) inoculum concentration, in 37
DEG C with 280 revs/min of rotating speed shaking table culture 90 hours, zymotic fluid is obtained；
Wherein the composition of fermentation medium is olive oil 60g/L, sodium nitrate 8g/L, sodium chloride 1.0g/L, potassium chloride 1.0g/
L, calcium chloride 0.1g/L, KH2PO4·12H2O 3.5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g/L, FeSO4·7H2O 0.001g/L, surplus are
Water, pH6.6.
Zymotic fluid is incubated 30 minutes in 120 DEG C, is then cooled to 40 DEG C, 5 points are centrifuged with 10000 revs/min of rotating speed
Clock, bacterial chip is removed, takes supernatant, extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, then be evaporated under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, control sandlwood
Glycolipid content is 10g/L, that is, obtains the biological environmental production surfactant of the present invention.
Embodiment 2：The preparation of rhamnolipid biological surface activator
Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCTCC AB 2013184 are added in fermentation medium with 3% (V/V) inoculum concentration, in 37
DEG C with 280 revs/min of rotating speed shaking table culture 90 hours, zymotic fluid is obtained；
Wherein the composition of fermentation medium is safflower seed oil 60g/L, sodium nitrate 8g/L, sodium chloride 1.0g/L, potassium chloride
1.0g/L, calcium chloride 0.1g/L, KH2PO4·12H2O 3.5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g/L, FeSO4·7H2O 0.001g/L, it is remaining
Measure as water, pH6.6.
Zymotic fluid is incubated 30 minutes in 120 DEG C, is then cooled to 40 DEG C, 5 points are centrifuged with 10000 revs/min of rotating speed
Clock, bacterial chip is removed, takes supernatant, extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, then be evaporated under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, control sandlwood
Glycolipid content is 10g/L, that is, obtains the biological environmental production surfactant of the present invention.
Embodiment 3：The preparation of rhamnolipid biological surface activator
Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCTCC AB 2013184 are added in fermentation medium with 3% (V/V) inoculum concentration, in 37
DEG C with 280 revs/min of rotating speed shaking table culture 90 hours, zymotic fluid is obtained；
Wherein the composition of fermentation medium is olive oil 20g/L, safflower seed oil 40g/L, sodium nitrate 8g/L, sodium chloride
1.0g/L, potassium chloride 1.0g/L, calcium chloride 0.1g/L, KH2PO4·12H2O 3.5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g/L, FeSO4·7H2O
0.001g/L, surplus are water, pH6.6.
Zymotic fluid is incubated 30 minutes in 120 DEG C, is then cooled to 40 DEG C, 5 points are centrifuged with 10000 revs/min of rotating speed
Clock, bacterial chip is removed, takes supernatant, extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, then be evaporated under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, control sandlwood
Glycolipid content is 10g/L, that is, obtains the biological environmental production surfactant of the present invention.
Embodiment 4：The preparation of rhamnolipid biological surface activator
Pseudomonas aeruginosa BNCC 185967 is added in fermentation medium with 3% (V/V) inoculum concentration, in 37 DEG C with
280 revs/min of rotating speed shaking table culture 90 hours, obtains zymotic fluid；
Wherein the composition of fermentation medium is olive oil 20g/L, safflower seed oil 40g/L, sodium nitrate 8g/L, sodium chloride
1.0g/L, potassium chloride 1.0g/L, calcium chloride 0.1g/L, KH2PO4·12H2O 3.5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g/L, FeSO4·7H2O
0.001g/L, surplus are water, pH6.6.
Zymotic fluid is incubated 30 minutes in 120 DEG C, is then cooled to 40 DEG C, 5 points are centrifuged with 10000 revs/min of rotating speed
Clock, bacterial chip is removed, takes supernatant, extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, then be evaporated under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, control sandlwood
Glycolipid content is 10g/L, that is, obtains the biological environmental production surfactant of the present invention.
Embodiment 5：The preparation of rhamnolipid biological surface activator
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is added in fermentation medium with 3% (V/V) inoculum concentration, in 37 DEG C with 280 revs/min
Rotating speed shaking table culture 90 hours, obtains zymotic fluid；The pseudomonas aeruginosa is pseudomonas aeruginosa BNCC 185967 and verdigris
Pseudomonad CCTCC AB 2013184 are 1 in mass ratio:1 mixes.
Wherein the composition of fermentation medium is olive oil 20g/L, safflower seed oil 40g/L, sodium nitrate 8g/L, sodium chloride
1.0g/L, potassium chloride 1.0g/L, calcium chloride 0.1g/L, KH2PO4·12H2O 3.5g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.25g/L, FeSO4·7H2O
0.001g/L, surplus are water, pH6.6.
Zymotic fluid is incubated 30 minutes in 120 DEG C, is then cooled to 40 DEG C, 5 points are centrifuged with 10000 revs/min of rotating speed
Clock, bacterial chip is removed, takes supernatant, extracted with isometric ethyl acetate, then be evaporated under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator, control sandlwood
Glycolipid content is 10g/L, that is, obtains the biological environmental production surfactant of the present invention.
Test case 1：
Pure machine oil (golden clothes Mobil 1, fully synthetic machine oil 0W-40SN levels) is added dropwise in 10 grams of biological environmental production surfactants,
Vibration, be added drop-wise to last drop machine oil it is insoluble untill, accurate recording biological environmental production surfactant dissolves the quality of pure machine oil
(g), the size of the quality (g) of the pure machine oil of the dissolving can characterize the relative size of biological environmental production surfactant detersive ability,
Specific data are shown in Table 1.
Table 1：Biological environmental production surfactant detersive aptitude tests table
Embodiment 6：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator for preparing embodiment 1 adds heavy metal (Ni2+) in waste water, stirring 20
Minute, then stand 2 hours；
Heavy metal Ni in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+Concentration is 20mg/L；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator with again
The mass ratio of metallic wastewater is 1:100；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
Embodiment 7：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator for preparing embodiment 2 adds heavy metal (Ni2+) in waste water, stirring 20
Minute, then stand 2 hours；
Heavy metal Ni in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+Concentration is 20mg/L；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator with again
The mass ratio of metallic wastewater is 1:100；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
Embodiment 8：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator for preparing embodiment 3 adds heavy metal (Ni2+) in waste water, stirring 20
Minute, then stand 2 hours；
Heavy metal Ni in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+Concentration is 20mg/L；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator with again
The mass ratio of metallic wastewater is 1:100；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
Embodiment 9：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator for preparing embodiment 4 adds heavy metal (Ni2+) in waste water, stirring 20
Minute, then stand 2 hours；
Heavy metal Ni in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+Concentration is 20mg/L；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator with again
The mass ratio of metallic wastewater is 1:100；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
Embodiment 10：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator for preparing embodiment 5 adds heavy metal (Ni2+) in waste water, stirring 20
Minute, then stand 2 hours；
Heavy metal Ni in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+Concentration is 20mg/L；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator with again
The mass ratio of metallic wastewater is 1:100；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
In the present invention, rhamnolipid biological surface activator is added in heavy metal wastewater thereby, the rhamnolipid biological table
Heavy metal ion in the activating agent generation Micelle solubilization waste water of face.By flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration, in above-mentioned solubilising waste water
The rhamnolipid biological surface activator micelle of heavy metal ion is retained by milipore filter, is removed so as to serve in heavy metal wastewater thereby
The effect of heavy metal ion.
Embodiment 11：
A kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, comprises the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator for preparing embodiment 5 adds heavy metal (Cd2+) in waste water, stirring 20
Minute, then stand 2 hours；
Heavy metal Cd in the heavy metal wastewater thereby2+Concentration is 20mg/L；The rhamnolipid biological surface activator with again
The mass ratio of metallic wastewater is 1:100；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.Ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF, 0.1 μm of normal pore size, membrane operations pressure
For 22KPa, intermittent ultrafiltration.
Test case 2：
Testing example 6-10 heavy metal ion rejection, specific data are shown in Table 2.
Heavy metal ion rejection=(concentration of heavy metal ion after before processing concentration of heavy metal ion-processing) ÷ before processings
Concentration of heavy metal ion × 100%.
Table 2：Heavy metal ion rejection tests table
| Rejection, % | |
| Embodiment 6 | 94.3 |
| Embodiment 7 | 94.6 |
| Embodiment 8 | 95.8 |
| Embodiment 9 | 95.5 |
| Embodiment 10 | 97.9 |
| Embodiment 11 | 98.4 |
Above example is used for illustrative purposes only, rather than limitation of the present invention, is not departing from the spirit of the present invention
In the case of scope, various conversion or modification can also be made, therefore all equivalent technical schemes should also belong to this hair
Bright category, it should be limited by each claim.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby, it is characterised in that carried out using rhamnolipid biological surface activator
Processing.
2. the environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
(1) rhamnolipid biological surface activator is added in heavy metal wastewater thereby, stirs 10-30 minutes, then stand 1-3 hours；
(2) flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration.
3. the environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that weight in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
Metal concentration is 5-25mg/L.
4. the environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that weight in the heavy metal wastewater thereby
Metal is Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Cd2+、Pb2+And Cr3+In one kind or its mixture.
5. the environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the rhamnolipid biological table
The mass ratio of face activating agent and heavy metal wastewater thereby is 1:10-1:1000.
6. the environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration
Middle ultrafiltration membrane material is Kynoar PVDF.
7. the environment-friendly treating process of heavy metal wastewater thereby as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the flat plate ultrafiltration membrane filtration
Using intermittent ultrafiltration.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023250308A1 (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | Locus Solutions Ipco, Llc | Compositions and methods for controlling foam |
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| CN106587273A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 扬州大学 | Method for biosurfactant micelle enhanced ultrafiltration treatment of heavy metal wastewater |
| CN106987545A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-07-28 | 南京工业大学 | One plant of rhamnolipid Producing Strain and its application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102151551A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2011-08-17 | 湖南大学 | Heavy metal biological absorbent, preparation method thereof and application in treating cadmium-containing wastewater |
| CN103043768A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-17 | 华北电力大学 | Device and method for repairing electromotive power for adding biological surface active agent |
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Application publication date: 20180109 |