CN107549807A - The slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants - Google Patents
The slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN107549807A CN107549807A CN201710884357.4A CN201710884357A CN107549807A CN 107549807 A CN107549807 A CN 107549807A CN 201710884357 A CN201710884357 A CN 201710884357A CN 107549807 A CN107549807 A CN 107549807A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005452 food preservative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019249 food preservative Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000199 molecular distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides the method for slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is broken, extraction, concentration, drying steps, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow freezing the pretreatment of combining ultrasonic ripple between leach step;It is described it is slow freeze the pretreatment of combining ultrasonic ripple specific method be:Addition clear water stirs in raw material toward after crushing, is first cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance in the lump, carries out slow jelly afterwards with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall, and control delays jelly temperature fall time and is more than 4h, material temperature is slowly decreased to 5 DEG C, and slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature up to less than 18 DEG C 12~24h of freezing.The inventive method whole process is carried out in low temperature, is not only extracted yield height but also effectively heat-sensitive substance can be protected not to be destroyed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to active component extractive technique field, and in particular to the slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment of one kind efficiently carries
The method for taking active components of plants.
Background technology
By carrying out sharp freezing to food and then storing, can keeping food, storage never degenerates for a long time, extends its guarantor
The matter phase.But need first to thaw to food during use, then further culinary art.And often caused in course of defrosting
Juice loss, the nutrition of food is have lost to a certain degree, also increase the contaminated possibility of food, and can be had using Technique of Speed Freezing
The loss of effect control food defrosting process food tissue internal juice.
Technique of Speed Freezing be 19th century originate from the U.S. a kind of food preservative technology, i.e., the low temperature environment below -30 DEG C
In, making food in 30min or area is generated by its maximum ice crystal in the shorter time, product centre temperature reaches -18 DEG C, and
The food stored and circulated below -18 DEG C.During quick-frozen, the interior formation of food tissue is largely evenly distributed, particle is tiny
Ice crystal, the pressure of intraor extracellular is kept in balance, be current food to cell membrane and atomic, the quality better of plasmic infringement
Its original local flavor and the comparatively ideal method of nutritional ingredient can be preserved in Storage technology to greatest extent.Quick-frozen food is due to making
With nutrition and flavor simple, that food can be kept in the long period, it has been widely used in food processing, it is relatively common
There are quick-freezing boiled dumplings, quick-frozen fresh vegetables, quick-frozen meat etc..
Active component refers to the other compositions beyond the material moisture removal formed in organism, such as carbohydrate, protein-based, fatty
Class etc., in addition to its secondary metabolite, such as terpene, flavones, alkaloid, steroidal, lignin, mineral matter, these materials pair
The mankind and various biologies have physiology facilitation, therefore are referred to as active component.Active component can from plant, animal,
Or obtained in microorganism, generally use extraction, and aided in by ultrasonic wave, microwave, then concentrated spray is dried
It is made, the modes such as advanced supercritical extract, counter-current extraction, molecular distillation can also be utilized to obtain, but no matter which kind of is taken
Mode, its final demand are:Improve lower yield, the activity for ensureing active component, production cost, efficiency raising, easily produce
Industry etc..In the prior art, using it is most be boiling water extraction, be then concentrated and dried, it, which is produced, easily realizes and industrialization,
Process safety;But in boiling water leaching process, Heat sensitive active composition is more easily damaged, the product of obtained active component extract
Matter is simultaneously bad.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the invention provides the side of slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants
Method.Different from Technique of Speed Freezing, the present invention utilizes the growth mechanism of biological tissue's ice crystal in freezing process, makes extraction raw material
Its maximum ice crystal is slow transitted through at low temperature, is made to produce bigger and uneven ice crystal inside biological tissue, is formed to cell membrane
Extruding and dissection, in favor of cell juice carry active material flow out together, and simultaneously pass through ultrasonic wave machinery effect
Should and cavitation effect, further enhancing the flowing of juice, i.e., by the slow jelly of raw material and thaw and complete carrying for active material
Take and separate, whole process is carried out in low temperature, is not only extracted yield height but also effectively heat-sensitive substance can be protected not to be destroyed.
The slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material crush, extract, be dense
Contracting, drying steps, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;The slow jelly
Combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment specific method be:Clear water is added into the raw material after broken to stir, first it is cooled to 0 in advance in the lump~
5 DEG C, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, makes material temperature slow
- 5 DEG C are reduced to, slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling make material temperature up to less than -18 DEG C freeze 12~
24h;Raw material is during slow freeze, and nucleus number is few, and crystal volume significantly increases, and large ice crystals make raw tissue by crowded after being formed
The mechanical damages such as pressure, cutting, rupture histocyte, the juice outflow containing active component, and in the machinery effect of ultrasonic wave
Answer, under the superposition of cavitation effect, can further promote the dissolution and flowing of active ingredient, the extraction of active ingredient can be greatly improved
Yield;
The slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants concretely comprises the following steps:
1)Raw material crushes;
2)It is slow to freeze the pretreatment of combining ultrasonic ripple;Raw material after will be broken is placed in leaching vessel, is added clear water and is stirred, in the lump
It is cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, make raw material
Temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, and slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature reach less than -18 DEG C
Freeze 12~24h;
3)Extraction:In leaching vessel, microwave is applied to raw material, thawed;Apply ultrasonic wave progress after thawing completely simultaneously
Extraction, extraction temperature control is 20~50 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~2 h;Material is set to be in frozen state by slow jelly, always
Under low-temperature condition, heat-sensitive active material will not be destroyed, be thawed afterwards, in the fuel factor of microwave and ultrasound
Under, the ice crystal in raw material melts, and plant tissue softening, the mechanical effect of ultrasonic wave, cavitation effect can accelerate carrying active in addition
The flowing of the juice of composition, from intracellular diffusion, final ice crystal, which melts the juice to be formed, takes active material out of, reaches extraction and lives
The effect of property composition;Relatively conventional boiling water extraction, the above method are carried out at low ambient temperatures, and need not be added a large amount of
Extraction solvent, can equally have the function that to discharge active component in cell tissue, from extraction yield and to active component
Degree of protection is weighed, and has prominent advantage;
4)Concentration;
5)Dry.
Preferably, in the slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple preprocessing process, the ratio of raw material and clear water is solid-liquid ratio
1:2~7 kg/kg.
Preferably, in the slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple preprocessing process, the ultrasonic technique parameter of application is:Frequently
The Hz of rate 40~60, the W of power 220~350.
Preferably, the step(3)Apply microwave technological parameter be:0.5~10kw/kg of microwave dose.
The method of described slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants is used for fresh plant raw material
The extraction of middle active component.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further, it is pointed out that implementation below is only
It is the indicative explaination done in the form of enumerating to the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to that, Suo Youben
The equivalent replacement that the technical staff in field is done with the spirit of the present invention to the present invention each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Delay the method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is crushed, extracted, concentrating, be dry
Dry step, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;Slow freeze is combined
The specific method of ultrasonic pretreatment is:Clear water is added in raw material toward after crushing to stir, and is first cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance in the lump,
Slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, material temperature is slowly reduced
To -5 DEG C, slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature up to less than -18 DEG C 12~24h of freezing.
Embodiment 2
The slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, comprises the following steps:
1)Raw material crushes;
2)It is slow to freeze the pretreatment of combining ultrasonic ripple;Raw material after will be broken is placed in leaching vessel, is added clear water and is stirred, in the lump
It is cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, make raw material
Temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, and slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature reach less than -18 DEG C
Freeze 12~24h;
3)Extraction:In leaching vessel, microwave is applied to raw material, thawed;Apply ultrasonic wave progress after thawing completely simultaneously
Extraction, extraction temperature control is 20~50 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~2 h;
4)Concentration;
5)Dry.
Embodiment 3
Delay the method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is crushed, extracted, concentrating, be dry
Dry step, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;Slow freeze is combined
The specific method of ultrasonic pretreatment is:In the ratio of raw material and clear water it is solid-liquid ratio 1 into the raw material after broken:2 kg/kg
Add clear water to stir, be first cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance in the lump, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, control is slow
Freeze temperature fall time and be more than 4h, material temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast prompt drop
Temperature makes material temperature up to less than -18 DEG C 12~24h of freezing.
Embodiment 4
Delay the method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is crushed, extracted, concentrating, be dry
Dry step, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;Slow freeze is combined
The specific method of ultrasonic pretreatment is:In the ratio of raw material and clear water it is solid-liquid ratio 1 into the raw material after broken:7 kg/kg
Addition clear water stirs, and is first cooled to 5 DEG C in advance in the lump, carries out slow jelly afterwards with 1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall, when controlling slow jelly cooling
Between be more than 4h, material temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, it is slow to apply ultrasonic wave while freeze cooling;Then fast cooling makes raw material
Temperature freezes 12~24h up to less than -18 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
Delay the method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is crushed, extracted, concentrating, be dry
Dry step, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;Slow freeze is combined
The specific method of ultrasonic pretreatment is:In the ratio of raw material and clear water it is solid-liquid ratio 1 into the raw material after broken:4 kg/kg
Add clear water to stir, be first cooled to 5 DEG C in advance in the lump, slow jelly is carried out with 0.8 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, control to delay and freeze cooling
Time is more than 4h, material temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, and slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes original
12~24h is freezed below Du Da -18 DEG C of material temperature.
Embodiment 6
Delay the method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is crushed, extracted, concentrating, be dry
Dry step, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;Slow freeze is combined
The specific method of ultrasonic pretreatment is:Clear water is added in raw material toward after crushing to stir, and is first cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance in the lump,
Slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, material temperature is slowly reduced
To -5 DEG C, slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature freeze 12~24h up to less than -18 DEG C,
The ultrasonic technique parameter of the application is:The Hz of frequency 40~60, the W of power 220~350.
Embodiment 7
The slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, comprises the following steps:
1)Raw material crushes;
2)It is slow to freeze the pretreatment of combining ultrasonic ripple;Raw material after will be broken is placed in leaching vessel, is added clear water and is stirred, in the lump
It is cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, make raw material
Temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, and slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature reach less than -18 DEG C
Freeze 12~24h;
3)Extraction:In leaching vessel, microwave is applied to raw material, 0.5~10kw/kg of microwave dose position, thawed;Thaw
Apply ultrasonic wave simultaneously after complete to be extracted, extraction temperature control is 20~50 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~2 h;
4)Concentration;
5)Dry.
Claims (6)
1. the slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants, including raw material is broken, extraction, concentration,
Drying steps, it is characterised in that raw material is broken to carry out slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment between leach step;Slow freeze joins
Close ultrasonic pretreatment specific method be:Clear water is added in raw material toward after crushing to stir, and is first cooled to 0~5 in advance in the lump
DEG C, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, material temperature is slowly dropped
Low to -5 DEG C, slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling make material temperature up to less than -18 DEG C freeze 12~
24h。
2. the slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is to concretely comprise the following steps:
1)Raw material crushes;
2)It is slow to freeze the pretreatment of combining ultrasonic ripple;Raw material after will be broken is placed in leaching vessel, is added clear water and is stirred, in the lump
It is cooled to 0~5 DEG C in advance, slow jelly is carried out with 0.2~1 DEG C/h rate of temperature fall afterwards, controls the slow temperature fall time that freezes to be more than 4h, make raw material
Temperature is slowly decreased to -5 DEG C, and slow freeze applies ultrasonic wave while cooling;Then fast cooling makes material temperature reach less than -18 DEG C
Freeze 12~24h;
3)Extraction:In leaching vessel, microwave is applied to raw material, thawed;Apply ultrasonic wave progress after thawing completely simultaneously
Extraction, extraction temperature control is 20~50 DEG C, and extraction time is 1~2 h;
4)Concentration;
5)Dry.
3. the slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants as claimed in claim 1, its feature
In the slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple preprocessing process, the ratio of raw material and clear water is solid-liquid ratio 1:2~7 kg/kg.
4. the slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants as claimed in claim 1, its feature
In the slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple preprocessing process, the ultrasonic technique parameter of application is:The Hz of frequency 40~60, power
220~350 W.
5. the slow method for freezing combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants as claimed in claim 2, its feature
It is the step(3)Apply microwave technological parameter be:0.5~10kw/kg of microwave dose.
6. the method for the slow jelly combining ultrasonic ripple pretreatment high efficiency extraction active components of plants described in claim 1, its feature exist
The extraction of active component in applied to fresh plant raw material.
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CN101016534A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2007-08-15 | 姜东� | Method of freezing and extracting plant cell liquor |
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CN104431678A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Camellia bee pollen and clausena lansium compound composition and preparation method thereof |
CN106700641A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-24 | 广州市聚吉科绿色化学共性技术研究院有限公司 | Method for extracting yellow pigment from red jujubes |
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2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201710884357.4A patent/CN107549807A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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JP2003061620A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-03-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Method for producing pickled food |
CN101016534A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2007-08-15 | 姜东� | Method of freezing and extracting plant cell liquor |
CN101099588A (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2008-01-09 | 中国农业大学 | Method for preparing fingered citron juice |
CN102578654A (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-07-18 | 湖北阿玛宁工贸有限公司 | Method for preparing roselle juice by freezing and juicing |
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