CN107549359B - Brick tea pressing method, pressing device and die - Google Patents
Brick tea pressing method, pressing device and die Download PDFInfo
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- CN107549359B CN107549359B CN201710968174.0A CN201710968174A CN107549359B CN 107549359 B CN107549359 B CN 107549359B CN 201710968174 A CN201710968174 A CN 201710968174A CN 107549359 B CN107549359 B CN 107549359B
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 265
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brick tea pressing method, which comprises the following steps: sleeve, primary tea filling, primary pressurizing, secondary tea filling and the like; the brick tea pressing device comprises a conveying belt, a press, a pressing head and a platen, wherein guide rods are arranged on each platen, the pressing head is connected with a movable slide block, and the movable slide block is interlocked with a die pressing block; the bedplate is provided with a side pressure mode locking mechanism and a mode locking transmission mechanism; the brick tea mould comprises a box body and a bottom plate, wherein a reinforcing frame is arranged at the upper opening of the box body, and 4-6 mould pressure maintaining locks are arranged at the upper edge of the box body; reinforcing ribs are arranged outside two side walls of the brick tea mould; the brick tea mould has small thickness, combines the hollow reinforcing ribs, and the bottom of the bottom plate is bulged to disperse pressure, so that the strength is ensured, and the weight is reduced; overcomes the volume limitation, and realizes the simultaneous pressing and tea discharging of a plurality of tea bricks in a single die; the plurality of die pressure maintaining locks enable the partition board or the cover board to be horizontal, so that inclination or deformation is prevented during pressing; the end of the lock bolt is a chamfer angle, the air supply air pump is connected with the high-pressure air nozzle through the air blowing pipe to clean the lock bolt, and the air exhaust air pump and the exhaust hood prevent secondary dust fall and prevent unsmooth movement of the lock bolt.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tea production method, in particular to a brick tea production method, and especially relates to a brick tea pressing method, a pressing device and a die.
Background
Brick tea is tea with a brick-like shape and is a representative one of compressed tea. The brick tea is made up by using various raw tea through the processes of sieving, fanning, cutting and grinding, etc. to obtain semi-finished product; then the tea is autoclaved at high temperature to form brick type or other types of tea blocks.
The brick tea can be divided into several kinds according to the manufacturing raw materials, wherein, the raw tea of various black tea is used as the raw material, and pressed tea with various shapes is manufactured by steaming and pressing, and Hunan mainly comprises Hunan point, black brick, tile and Fuzhuan brick. The black brick tea, which is also called as 'eight seeds', is pressed by taking Hunan black tea as a raw material. The appearance is rectangular brick shape, and the specification is 35 cm multiplied by 18 cm multiplied by 3.5 cm. The brick surface is flat and right, four corners are clear, the thickness is consistent, the patterns are clear, and the color is black and brown; the endoplasm has pure fragrance and slightly loose smoke fragrance, and the soup color is red Huang Weian, she Delao, tender and uniform, and the taste is thick and slightly astringent. Each brick is 2 kg. The brick tea is rectangular in shape and has the specification of 35 cm multiplied by 18.5 cm multiplied by 5 cm. The brick surface is smooth, the edges and corners are clear, the patterns are clear, and the color is black; the endoplasm fragrance is pure, the pine wood tobacco fragrance is slightly brought, the soup color is changed in red, the leaf bottom is old, tender and even, and the taste is thick and slightly astringent. The manufacturing process is basically the same as that of black bricks. Fuzhuan tea is also rectangular brick tea which is prepared by taking Hunan black tea as a raw material and pressing.
Tea bricks are made of tea leaves, mainly for convenient transportation. The historic puer tea mainly depends on 'tea and horse ancient ways', and is transported to pasture areas for sale, and the tea and horse ancient ways cannot be driven due to the difficulty of roads and can only be carried by animals. Because loose tea is loose, the volume is larger when the weight is the same, the carrying weight of each animal is smaller, and the carrying cost is calculated according to the weight, so that the carrying profit is increased for increasing the transportation efficiency, and compressed tea is gradually generated. As a horse side, the pack compressed tea can be transported about 30-50% more than pack bulk tea.
The manufacturing method and method for manufacturing tea bricks from tea leaves have been used until now. The brick tea is manufactured by adopting different manufacturing processes according to raw materials, and almost all bricks are formed by steaming and pressing with moulds, but the forming modes are different. For example, green tea bricks, rice tea bricks, black tea bricks, flower tea bricks and Fu tea bricks are molded by a machine press mold.
When the tea is extruded and shaped, the tea has great outward expansion force, so the brick tea mould has the advantages of good strength, firmness and heaviness, and can ensure that the tea is not expanded and broken by the expansion force of the tea when being pressed. The traditional brick tea pressing die structure is generally made of solid wood with heavy weight and high density, the weight of a single wood die is 30-40 kg, however, the brick tea pressing die needs to be recycled, and the brick tea pressing die is inconvenient for workers to transport in the production process due to the overweight weight; the wooden mould is easy to wear and is easy to crack along the wood fiber texture after being pressed; meanwhile, due to the fact that the Hunan climate is humid and moisture contained in tea leaves can permeate into a wooden mold in the extrusion process, mildew is easily caused, and the quality of brick tea is damaged. The steel has the advantages of good plasticity, good toughness, high rigidity, corrosion resistance and the like, but in order to avoid metal deformation of the side wall of the die in the compression process, solid steel with larger thickness is often adopted, the weight of the steel die is larger than that of a wood die, the weight of the steel die in the traditional wood die mode can reach 80 kg, and the input cost of the steel die is higher than that of the wood die. In the prior art, a thin-wall steel mold is also adopted, and in order to prevent deformation, a side wall (particularly a side wall corresponding to the long side of a rectangular brick tea) is provided with a reinforcing rib (for example, application number 201520875183.1, application date 2015.11.05, authorization notice number CN 205266844U, authorization notice date 2016.06.01 and a rice rib brick tea mold), however, the surface structure of the mold is complex, the manufacturing process is difficult, and the maintenance is difficult; the tea powder scraps extruded in the brick tea pressing process are often clamped and accumulated in the gaps of the die, particularly the gaps of the reinforcing ribs, and extra cleaning and maintenance are needed to avoid the interference of production equipment operation, so that time and labor are wasted.
However, the traditional wooden mold or the solid steel mold is unfavorable for transportation due to overlarge weight, so that the size is limited, and the existing mold can only realize the pressing of single brick tea, so that the number of the needed molds is more, and the cost is high, thereby occupying more production space.
In the brick tea pressing process, the pressing machine is a process that the pressing speed is from high to low, the pressure is increased from small, the force is opposite, and the compact tea leaves are pressed slowly to apply force to the mould in all directions. The mold limits the rebound force of the brick tea at the periphery and the bottom, and in order to prevent the upward rebound force of the brick tea when the press releases the pressure, a cover plate for bearing and dispersing the pressure of the press on the brick tea in the mold needs to be locked, which is called as pressure maintaining. The earliest adopts steel hoops to lock the whole wooden mould from the middle section, and workers are required to lock and knock the wooden mould manually. Then automatic lock (for example, application number 201320506067.3, application date 2013.08.20, grant bulletin number CN 203510769U, grant bulletin date 2014.04.02, mould pressurize lock) appears, degree of automation has been improved greatly, but no matter it is transmission steel hoop or current automatic lock, the intermediate position of apron mould has all been locked, the apron is liable to take place the deformation of slope or even both ends perk, finally the phenomenon of thin on one side appears in the brick tea that leads to in the mould, influence brick tea's outward appearance and quality (the suppression thickness is different and leads to the fermentation inhomogeneous). Moreover, as tea powder scraps can be extruded in the brick tea pressing process, the tea powder scraps are very easy to clamp and accumulate at the corners of lock bolt gaps of the die pressure maintaining lock (the lock bolts and the bolt holes are cuboid), the lock bolts move unevenly and cannot rebound, and therefore production is affected.
Before brick tea is pressed, the measured and steamed loose tea is filled into brick tea moulds, the loose tea is fluffy in texture, and the volume of the single brick tea mould required to be filled with the loose tea is several times of the volume of the brick tea mould. In order to avoid multiple tea filling and multiple pressing, it is conceivable to install a tea filling barrel at the upper opening of the brick tea mold so as to realize one-time tea filling pressing. The wall of the existing tea-holding cylinder is provided with an opening corresponding to the pressure-maintaining lock of the die, so that a lock plunger of the pressure-maintaining lock of the die can penetrate through the lock. And when the pressing head of the press presses downwards, the tea cylinder is still sleeved on the brick tea mould.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brick tea pressing method, a pressing device and a die, wherein a plurality of brick tea can be pressed in a single die at the same time.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim of the invention, and discloses a brick tea pressing method which comprises the following steps:
⑴ A sleeve: the tea cylinder is sleeved above the tea brick mould (at the moment, the tea brick mould is in an unlocking state) with the bottom plate arranged inside, and the tea brick moulds sleeved with the tea cylinder are sequentially arranged and conveyed under the thrust of the propeller;
⑵ Tea is filled once: when each brick tea mould sleeved with a tea charging barrel is conveyed to a tea charging station, the metering tea charging equipment charges steamed loose tea into a space formed by the tea charging barrel and the brick tea mould, a baffle is placed above the charged loose tea, and then the brick tea mould is locked to press the baffle supported by the loose tea;
⑶ Primary pressurization: the brick tea mould which is filled with loose tea and locked in the step ⑵ is conveyed to a first tea pressing station, at the moment, the brick tea mould is unlocked, a pressing head (the bottom area of the lower end of the pressing head is equal to the opening area of the brick tea mould) of a press positioned above the first tea pressing station pressurizes a baffle plate conveyed to the upper part of the brick tea mould right below the pressing head, the baffle plate is pressed into the brick tea mould, meanwhile, the pressing head of the press drives a mould locking pressure maintaining device to extrude two side walls (with longer side length) of the brick tea mould, which are parallel to the conveying direction of the brick tea mould, so that the side walls of the brick tea mould are prevented from being extruded and deformed by the expansion force of tea, meanwhile, the internal pressure of the brick tea mould is ensured, and the loose tea under the baffle plate is pressed and molded, thus obtaining a single brick tea;
⑷ And (3) secondary tea filling: the steamed loose tea is put into a tea brick mould which is provided with a single tea brick and a baffle plate and is sleeved with a tea barrel in the step ⑶ again, a cover plate is arranged above the loose tea, and the tea brick mould is locked and pressed against the cover plate supported by the loose tea;
⑸ And (3) secondary pressurization: the brick tea mould is conveyed to a second tea pressing station, at the moment, the brick tea mould is unlocked, a pressing head of a pressing machine above the second tea pressing station is used for pressing a cover plate on the upper part of the brick tea mould, the cover plate is pressed into the brick tea mould, and meanwhile, the pressing head of the pressing machine drives a mould locking and pressure maintaining device to extrude the side wall of the brick tea mould, so that loose tea below the cover plate is pressed and molded, and a second brick tea in the same brick tea mould is obtained;
⑹ Tea unloading: and (3) unloading the tea cylinder above the brick tea mould for holding the bricks, which is obtained in the step ⑸, unlocking the brick tea mould, and ejecting the bricks, the partition plate, the cover plate and the bottom plate together from the lower part of the brick tea mould, namely unloading two non-stripped bricks simultaneously.
Similarly, the production method can press more than two tea bricks in one tea brick die and realize one-time tea unloading.
The brick tea pressing device comprises a conveying belt for conveying brick tea moulds, wherein pressing machines are respectively arranged in conveying paths of the conveying belt, each pressing machine comprises a pressing head, a platen positioned in the conveying path of the conveying belt is arranged below each pressing head, guide rods (preferably 4 guide rods) which are vertically arranged are respectively arranged on each platen, a movable sliding block capable of moving up and down along the guide rods is connected to each pressing head, and a mold locking pressing block is connected to each movable sliding block;
The lateral pressure mold locking mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the platen, which are positioned on the movement stroke of the pressing head, and are used for horizontally and oppositely extruding the side walls of the brick tea mold which is conveyed to the position right below the pressing head; and a mold locking transmission mechanism which can drive the mold locking mechanism to extrude and apply force to the side wall of the brick tea mold under the action force of the mold locking block is arranged on one side of the platen, which is positioned on the conveying stroke of the brick tea mold.
The mold locking transmission mechanism comprises a mold locking sliding block arranged below a mold locking block, wherein the mold locking sliding block is movably connected with a mold locking fixed seat arranged on a bedplate through a sliding block reset spring shaft; the sliding block reset spring shaft is arranged in the vertical direction, and a sliding block reset spring is arranged on the sliding block reset spring shaft; the top of the mold locking sliding block can be contacted with the mold locking pressing block, so that when the mold locking sliding block is pressed down by the mold locking pressing block, the mold locking sliding block overcomes the elasticity of the sliding block reset spring and is pressed down along the sliding block reset spring shaft.
The side pressure mold locking mechanism comprises a side pressure mold locking module which is arranged below a mold locking block and positioned between a mold locking transmission mechanism and a brick tea mold conveyed to the position right below a pressure head, wherein the side pressure mold locking module is movably connected to a mold locking fixing seat through a side pressure reset spring shaft; the clamping pressing block and the clamping transmission mechanism are positioned on the platen, namely, the clamping transmission mechanism is conveyed to one side of the brick tea mould right below the pressing head in a conveying stroke, namely, the brick tea mould right below the pressing head is conveyed to the other side of the brick tea mould far away from the clamping transmission mechanism, and a fixed clamping module which is arranged on the platen and is opposite to the side clamping module is arranged on the other side of the brick tea mould far away from the clamping transmission mechanism;
The side pressure reset spring shaft is arranged in the horizontal direction, one end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is connected with the side pressure lock module, and the other end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is provided with a side pressure reset spring; one end of the side pressure locking module can be in contact with the side wall of the brick tea mould for applying force, and the other end of the side pressure locking module is in contact with the mould locking sliding block for pushing the side pressure locking module when the mould locking sliding block is pressed down for movement, so that the side pressure locking module overcomes the elasticity of the side pressure reset spring for horizontally moving to squeeze the side wall of the brick tea mould.
The mold clamping slider is in inclined surface contact with the side pressure locking module, and when the mold clamping slider moves downwards, the mold clamping slider is completely attached to the two inclined surfaces of the side pressure locking module;
The automatic tea brick locking machine is characterized in that an air supply air pump is arranged below the bedplate, the air supply air pump is connected with a high-pressure air nozzle through an air blowing pipe, the high-pressure air nozzle is arranged at two sides of a tea brick die conveying stroke and corresponds to a die pressure maintaining lock of a tea brick die conveyed to the lower part of the pressing head, so that tea powder fragments which are blocked and accumulated at a gap of the die pressure maintaining lock are blown off in time before the tea brick die is unlocked (when a lock plunger is locked, lubricating oil on the lock plunger adheres to the tea powder fragments falling on the lock plunger, and when the lock plunger is unlocked, the lock plunger rebounds to a keyhole to bring the tea powder fragments into the keyhole, so that the locking and the unlocking are not smooth, and the lock plunger of the die pressure maintaining lock cannot rebound, so that the production is influenced; the press top be equipped with the exhaust hood, the exhaust hood intercommunication has the exhaust air pump to the suction is walked by the tealeaves powder piece raise dust of high-pressure air nozzle blowing, is avoided the secondary dust fall, effectively improves production environment.
The brick tea mould comprises a box body, wherein a bottom plate is arranged in the box body, a reinforcing frame is arranged around an upper opening of the box body, mould pressure maintaining locks are symmetrically arranged on the upper edge of the reinforcing frame, and when the mould pressure maintaining locks are in an unlocking state, namely, when bolt holes of lock bolts are retracted, the end heads of the lock bolts, the reinforcing frame and the inner wall of the box body are positioned on the same plane; the pressure maintaining lock of the die is 4-6, so that the level of the partition board or the cover board above the loose tea is ensured, and the phenomenon that the brick tea in the die is thin at one side and thick at the other side, which is caused by the deformation of tilting or tilting of the two ends of the partition board or the cover board after being stressed in the pressing process, is prevented, and the appearance and the quality of the brick tea are influenced;
The thickness of the side wall of the box body is 2-5 mm (preferably 3 mm), reinforcing ribs are arranged outside two parallel side walls (namely two side walls with shorter side length) perpendicular to the conveying direction of the brick tea mould in the side wall, and the reinforcing ribs are hollow prism bodies (triangular prisms or quadrangular prisms), so that the deformation resistance effect is enhanced, excessive weight is not increased, and the cost is reduced.
The bottom of the box body is provided with the discharge holes (2-3), and when tea is discharged, the tea bricks, the partition plate, the cover plate and the bottom plate are ejected out together from the lower part of the tea brick die by pressing the visible part of the bottom plate from the discharge holes, so that the quick tea discharge is realized; the bottom of bottom plate be located discharge opening department and be equipped with the arch, bellied bottom is in same horizontal plane with the bottom of box body to reduce the bottom plate and to the pressure of box body bottom, pressure direct conduction acts on the platen, plays the effect of dispersion pressure, has reduced the expansion force that the box body received.
The die pressure maintaining lock comprises the bolt hole and the lock bolt which is arranged in the bolt hole and can horizontally move, the end head of the lock bolt, which passes through the lock bolt, is provided with the inclined chamfer, and the end head of the lock bolt always protrudes out of the bolt hole, namely the lock bolt always blocks the bolt hole, so that gaps between the lock bolt and the bolt hole, which are exposed by the end head being leveled with the opening of the bolt hole when the lock bolt of the pressure maintaining lock is retracted in the prior art, are avoided, tea powder scraps in the brick tea pressing process are not easy to clamp and embed into the gaps between the lock bolt and the bolt hole, meanwhile, the tea powder scraps falling at the orifice of the bolt hole at the upper edge of a brick tea die can be pushed out by the way in the locking process, and further, the problem that the lock bolt of the die pressure maintaining lock is unsmooth in movement and cannot rebound is further effectively avoided.
The bottom plate, the partition plate and the cover plate are made of polypropylene materials, are pressure-resistant, dampproof and environment-friendly, and are superior to wooden bottom plates, partition plates and cover plates; the weight is greatly reduced compared with the metal solid plate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention better realizes the aim, the side wall thickness is small, the hollow prismatic reinforcing ribs and the bulges at the bottom of the bottom plate are in direct contact with the table top of the table top from the tea unloading hole at the bottom of the mold to disperse pressure, the weight of the mold is greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the strength of the mold, and the weight of the mold suitable for the brick tea with the conventional size is reduced to about 18.5 kg; thereby overcoming the volume limitation, and realizing simultaneous pressing and tea discharging of a plurality of tea bricks in a single die by increasing the partition plates and the times of tea loading and pressing; the pressure maintaining locks of the plurality of dies are uniformly arranged to ensure the level of the partition board or the cover board, so that the deformation of tilting or tilting of two ends of the partition board or the cover board after being stressed in the pressing process is prevented, the phenomenon that the brick tea in the dies is thin at one side and thick at the other side is avoided, the appearance of the packaged brick tea is regular, and the fermentation is uniform; the end of the lock plunger of the die pressure maintaining lock is provided with an inclined chamfer, the lock plunger is cleaned by combining a high-pressure air tap connected through an air blowing pipe by an air blowing air pump, and secondary dust fall is prevented by combining an exhaust hood communicated with an exhaust air pump, so that the lock plunger of the die pressure maintaining lock is prevented from moving unsmoothly and cannot rebound, smooth production is ensured, and the production environment is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a brick tea pressing device according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of a brick tea mold (unlocked state) with a tea cartridge removed in step ⑸ of the brick tea pressing method in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a brick tea mold according to example 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. platen, 2, fixed lock module, 3, brick tea mould, 4, tea-accommodating cylinder, 5, pressure head, 6, press, 7, guide rod, 8, movable slide block, 9, lock mould pressing block, 10, lock mould slide block, 11, slide block reset spring shaft, 12, lock mould fixing seat, 13, side pressure reset spring, 14, slide block reset spring, 15, side pressure reset spring shaft, 16, side pressure lock module; 31. the device comprises a bulge, 32, a cover plate, 33, a bottom plate, 34, a partition plate, 35, reinforcing ribs, 36, a reinforcing frame, 37, a die pressure maintaining lock, 38, a lock bolt, 39 and a discharge hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, a brick tea pressing method comprises the following steps:
⑴ A sleeve: the tea cylinder 4 is sleeved above the tea brick mould 3 with the bottom plate 33 (at the moment, the tea brick mould 3 is in an unlocking state), and the tea brick moulds 3 sleeved with the tea cylinder 4 are sequentially arranged and conveyed under the pushing force of the propeller;
⑵ Tea is filled once: when each brick tea mould 3 sleeved with the tea charging barrel 4 is conveyed to a tea charging station, the metering tea charging equipment charges steamed loose tea into a space formed by the tea charging barrel 4 and the brick tea mould 3, a partition 34 is placed above the charged loose tea, and then the brick tea mould 3 is locked and pressed against the partition 34 supported by the loose tea;
⑶ Primary pressurization: the brick tea mould 3 filled with loose tea and locked in the step ⑵ is conveyed to a first tea pressing station, at the moment, the brick tea mould 3 is unlocked, a pressing head 5 of a pressing machine 6 above the first tea pressing station presses a partition 34 conveyed to the upper part of the brick tea mould 3 right below the brick tea mould, the partition 34 is pressed into the brick tea mould 3, meanwhile, the pressing head 5 of the pressing machine 6 drives a mould locking pressure maintaining device to press two side walls of the brick tea mould 3 parallel to the conveying direction of the brick tea mould 3, the side walls of the brick tea mould 3 are prevented from being extruded and deformed due to the expansion force of tea, meanwhile, the internal pressure of the brick tea mould 3 is guaranteed, and loose tea under the partition 34 is pressed and molded, so that a single brick tea is obtained;
⑷ And (3) secondary tea filling: the steamed loose tea is put into a tea brick mould 3 which is provided with a single tea brick and a partition 34 in a sleeved mode and provided with a tea barrel 4 in a step ⑶ again, a cover plate 32 is placed above the loose tea, and the tea brick mould 3 is locked and pressed to the cover plate 32 supported by the loose tea;
⑸ And (3) secondary pressurization: the brick tea mould 3 is conveyed to a second tea pressing station, at the moment, the brick tea mould 3 is unlocked, a cover plate 32 at the upper part of the brick tea mould 3 is pressurized by a pressure head 5 of a press 6 positioned above the second tea pressing station, the cover plate 32 is pressed into the brick tea mould 3, meanwhile, the pressure head 5 of the press 6 drives a mould locking pressure maintaining device to press the side wall (with longer side length) of the brick tea mould 3, so that loose tea below the cover plate 32 is pressed and molded, and a second brick tea in the same brick tea mould 3 is obtained;
⑹ Tea unloading: and (3) unloading the tea loading cylinder 4 above the tea brick mold 3 carrying the tea bricks obtained in the step ⑸, unlocking the tea brick mold 3, and ejecting the tea bricks, the partition plate 34, the cover plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 together from the lower part of the tea brick mold 3, namely unloading two tea bricks which are not stripped at the same time.
The brick tea pressing device comprises a conveying belt for conveying brick tea moulds 3, wherein pressing machines 6 are respectively arranged in a conveying path of the conveying belt, each pressing machine 6 comprises a pressing head 5, a platen 1 positioned in the conveying path of the conveying belt is arranged below each pressing head 5, guide rods 7 (4 in the embodiment) which are vertically arranged are respectively arranged on each platen 1, movable sliding blocks 8 which can move up and down along the guide rods 7 are connected to the pressing heads 5, and mould locking pressing blocks 9 are connected to the movable sliding blocks 8;
The lateral pressure mold locking mechanisms which are used for horizontally and oppositely extruding the side walls of the brick tea mold 3 conveyed to the position right below the pressing head 5 are arranged on the two sides of the movement stroke of the pressing head 5 on the platen 1; the platen 1 is provided with a mold locking transmission mechanism which can press and apply force on the side wall of the brick tea mold 3 under the action force of the mold locking pressing block 9 by the transmission side mold locking mechanism at one side of the conveying stroke of the brick tea mold 3.
The mold locking transmission mechanism comprises a mold locking sliding block 10 arranged below a mold locking block 9, wherein the mold locking sliding block 10 is movably connected with a mold locking fixed seat 12 arranged on a bedplate 1 through a sliding block reset spring shaft 11; the sliding block reset spring shaft 11 is arranged in the vertical direction, and a sliding block reset spring 14 is arranged on the sliding block reset spring shaft 11; the top of the mold locking slide block 10 can be contacted and stressed on the mold locking block 9, so that when the mold locking slide block 10 is pressed down by the mold locking block 9, the mold locking slide block 10 overcomes the elasticity of the slide block return spring 14 and is pressed down along the slide block return spring shaft 11.
The side pressure mold locking mechanism comprises a side pressure mold locking module 16 which is arranged below a mold locking pressing block 9 and is positioned between the mold locking transmission mechanism and a brick tea mold 3 which is conveyed to the position right below a pressing head 5, wherein the side pressure mold locking module 16 is movably connected with a mold locking fixed seat 12 through a side pressure reset spring shaft 15; the mold locking pressing block 9 and the mold locking transmission mechanism are arranged on the platen 1, and the mold locking transmission mechanism is arranged on one side of the brick tea mold 3 which is positioned under the pressing head 5 in the conveying stroke of the brick tea mold 3, and the fixed locking module 2 which is arranged on the platen 1 and is opposite to the side pressure locking module 16 is arranged on the other side of the brick tea mold 3 which is positioned under the pressing head 5 and is far away from the mold locking transmission mechanism;
The side pressure reset spring shaft 15 is arranged in the horizontal direction, one end of the side pressure reset spring shaft 15 is connected with the side pressure lock module 16, and the other end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is provided with the side pressure reset spring 13; one end of the side pressure locking module 16 can be in contact with the side wall of the brick tea mould 3 for applying force, and the other end of the side pressure locking module is in contact with the mould locking sliding block 10, so that the side pressure locking module 16 is pushed when the mould locking sliding block 10 is pressed down for movement, and the side pressure locking module 16 overcomes the elasticity of the side pressure return spring 13 to horizontally move for extruding the side wall of the brick tea mould 3.
According to the invention, the mold clamping slide block 10 is in inclined surface contact with the side pressure locking module 16, and when the mold clamping slide block 10 moves downwards, the two inclined surfaces of the mold clamping slide block 10 and the side pressure locking module 16 are completely attached;
The machine is characterized in that an air supply air pump is arranged below the bedplate 1, the air supply air pump is connected with a high-pressure air nozzle through an air blowing pipe, the high-pressure air nozzle is arranged at two sides of the conveying stroke of the brick tea mould 3 and corresponds to a mould pressure maintaining lock 37 of the brick tea mould 3 conveyed to the lower part of the pressure head 5, so that tea powder scraps which are blocked and accumulated at a gap of the mould pressure maintaining lock 37 can be blown off in time before the brick tea mould 3 is unlocked (when the lock plunger 38 is locked, lubricating oil on the lock plunger 38 adheres to the tea powder scraps falling on the lock plunger 38, when the lock plunger 38 is unlocked, the lock plunger 38 rebounds to a bolt hole, and the tea powder scraps are brought into the bolt hole, so that the locking and the unlocking are not smooth, and the lock plunger 38 of the mould pressure maintaining lock 37 is prevented from moving smoothly and cannot rebounds, and production is affected; the upper part of the press 6 is provided with an exhaust hood which is communicated with an exhaust air pump so as to suck and remove dust of tea powder scraps blown up by the high-pressure air nozzle, avoid secondary dust fall and effectively improve the production environment.
The brick tea mold 3 comprises a box body, wherein a bottom plate 33 is arranged in the box body, a reinforcing frame 36 is arranged around an upper opening of the box body, mold pressure maintaining locks 37 are symmetrically arranged on the upper edge of the reinforcing frame 36, and when the mold pressure maintaining locks 37 are in an unlocking state, namely when the bolt holes of bolts 38 are retracted, the ends of the bolts 38, the reinforcing frame 36 and the inner wall of the box body are in the same plane; the number of the pressure maintaining locks 37 of the die is 4-6 (4 in the embodiment), so that the level of the partition 34 or the cover plate 32 above the loose tea is ensured, and the phenomenon that the brick tea in the die is thin at one side and thick at the other side, which is caused by the deformation of tilting or tilting of the two ends of the partition 34 or the cover plate 32 after being stressed in the pressing process, is prevented, and the appearance and the quality of the brick tea are influenced;
The thickness of the side wall of the box body is 2-5 mm (3 mm in the embodiment), the reinforcing ribs 35 are arranged outside two parallel side walls (namely, two side walls with shorter side lengths) perpendicular to the conveying direction of the brick tea mould 3 in the side wall, and the reinforcing ribs 35 are hollow prism shapes (quadrangular in the embodiment), so that the deformation resistance is enhanced, excessive weight is not increased, and the cost is reduced.
The bottom of the box body is provided with the discharging holes 39 (3 in the embodiment), and when tea is discharged, the tea bricks, the partition plate 34, the cover plate 32 and the bottom plate 33 are ejected together from the lower part of the tea brick die 3 by pressing the visible part of the bottom plate 33 from the discharging holes 39, so that the quick tea discharge is realized; the bottom of the bottom plate 33 is provided with the bulge 31 at the position of the discharging hole 39, and the bottom of the bulge 31 and the bottom of the box body are in the same horizontal plane, so that the pressure of the bottom plate 33 to the bottom of the box body is reduced, the pressure is directly conducted to act on the bedplate 1, the effect of dispersing the pressure is achieved, and the expansion force applied to the box body is reduced.
The mold pressure maintaining lock 37 comprises a keyhole and a lock bolt 38 which is arranged in the keyhole and can horizontally move, wherein the end head of the lock bolt 38 is provided with an inclined chamfer, and the end head of the lock bolt 38 always protrudes out of the keyhole, namely the lock bolt 38 always blocks the keyhole, so that gaps between the lock bolt 38 and the keyhole which are exposed due to the fact that the end head is leveled with an opening of the keyhole when the lock bolt 38 of the pressure maintaining lock is retracted in the prior art are avoided, tea powder scraps in the brick tea pressing process are not easy to clamp and are embedded into the gaps between the lock bolt 38 and the keyhole, meanwhile, the tea powder scraps falling on the hole opening at the upper edge of the brick tea mold 3 can be pushed out incidentally in the locking process, and further, the problem that the lock bolt 38 of the mold pressure maintaining lock 37 moves unsmoothly and cannot rebound is further effectively avoided.
Example 2:
As can be seen from fig. 3, the number of the mold holding locks 37 in the present embodiment is 6, the thickness of the side wall of the box body is 2mm, the reinforcing ribs 35 are hollow triangular prisms, and the bottom of the box body is provided with discharge holes 39 (2 in the present embodiment).
Example 1 was followed.
Example 3:
as can be seen from fig. 1, the thickness of the side wall of the case body in this embodiment is 5mm, and the number of the guide rods 7 is 2.
Example 1 was followed.
Claims (2)
1. The brick tea pressing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
⑴ A sleeve: the tea brick mold is sleeved with tea barrels, and the tea brick molds sleeved with the tea barrels are sequentially arranged and conveyed;
⑵ Tea is filled once: loading steamed loose tea into a space formed by a tea loading barrel and a brick tea mould, placing a partition plate above the loaded loose tea, and locking the brick tea mould to press the partition plate supported by the loose tea;
⑶ Primary pressurization: the brick tea mould which is filled with loose tea and locked in the step ⑵ is conveyed to a first tea pressing station, at the moment, the brick tea mould is unlocked, a pressure head above the first tea pressing station presses a partition plate on the upper part of the brick tea mould, the partition plate is pressed into the brick tea mould, and meanwhile, a mould locking pressure maintaining device presses the side wall of the brick tea mould, so that loose tea below the partition plate is pressed and molded, and a single brick tea is obtained;
⑷ And (3) secondary tea filling: the steamed loose tea is put into a tea brick mould which is provided with a single tea brick and a baffle plate and is sleeved with a tea barrel in the step ⑶ again, a cover plate is arranged above the loose tea, and the tea brick mould is locked and pressed against the cover plate supported by the loose tea;
⑸ And (3) secondary pressurization: the brick tea mould is conveyed to a second tea pressing station, at the moment, the brick tea mould is unlocked, a pressure head above the second tea pressing station is used for pressing the cover plate, the cover plate is pressed into the brick tea mould, and meanwhile, the pressure head drives the mould locking pressure maintaining device to extrude the side wall of the brick tea mould, so that loose tea below the cover plate is pressed and formed, and a second brick tea in the same brick tea mould is obtained;
⑹ Tea unloading: unloading the tea cylinder above the brick tea mould for holding the bricks obtained in the step ⑸, unlocking the brick tea mould, and ejecting the bricks, the partition plate, the cover plate and the bottom plate together from the lower part of the brick tea mould, namely unloading two bricks simultaneously;
the mold locking pressure maintaining device comprises a platen which is respectively arranged at a first tea pressing station and a second tea pressing station, a guide rod is arranged on the platen, a movable sliding block which can move up and down along the guide rod is connected to the pressing head, and a mold locking pressing block is connected to the movable sliding block;
A fixed locking module is arranged on one side of the platen, which is positioned on the conveying stroke of the brick tea mould, and a locking mould fixing seat is arranged on the other side of the platen; the mold locking fixing seat is movably connected with a mold locking sliding block through a sliding block reset spring shaft, and is movably connected with a side pressure locking module through a side pressure reset spring shaft;
The sliding block reset spring shaft is arranged in the vertical direction, and a sliding block reset spring is arranged on the sliding block reset spring shaft; the top of the mold locking sliding block can be contacted with a mold locking pressing block under the stress;
The side pressure reset spring shaft is arranged in the horizontal direction, one end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is provided with a side pressure reset spring, and the other end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is connected with a side pressure lock module opposite to the fixed lock module; one end of the side pressure locking module can be in contact with the side wall of the brick tea mould for applying force, and the other end of the side pressure locking module is in contact with the mould locking sliding block for being stressed, so that the side pressure locking module is pushed to horizontally move to squeeze the side wall of the brick tea mould when the mould locking sliding block is pressed down;
The brick tea mould comprises a box body, wherein a bottom plate is arranged in the box body, and is characterized in that a reinforcing frame is arranged at an upper opening of the box body, a mould pressure maintaining lock is arranged at the upper edge of the reinforcing frame, and the number of the mould pressure maintaining locks is 4-6;
The thickness of the side wall of the box body is 2-5 mm, reinforcing ribs are arranged outside two side walls perpendicular to the conveying direction of the brick tea mould in the side walls, and the reinforcing ribs are hollow prism-shaped;
The bottom of the box body is provided with a discharging hole, the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with a bulge at the position of the discharging hole, and the bottom of the bulge and the bottom of the box body are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the pressure maintaining lock for the die comprises a bolt hole and a lock bolt which is arranged in the bolt hole and can horizontally move, wherein the end head of the lock bolt is provided with an inclined chamfer, and the end head of the lock bolt always protrudes out of the bolt hole.
2. The brick tea pressing device comprises a conveying belt, wherein a pressing machine is arranged in a conveying path of the conveying belt respectively, the pressing machine comprises pressing heads, a platen is arranged below each pressing head, and the brick tea pressing device is characterized in that guide rods are arranged on each platen respectively, the pressing heads are connected with movable sliding blocks capable of moving up and down along the guide rods, and the movable sliding blocks are connected with mould locking pressing blocks;
the lateral pressure mold locking mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the platen, which are positioned on the movement stroke of the pressing head, and are used for horizontally and oppositely extruding the side walls of the brick tea mold which is conveyed to the position right below the pressing head; a mold locking transmission mechanism which can drive the mold locking mechanism to extrude and apply force to the side wall of the brick tea mold under the action force of the mold locking block is arranged on one side of the platen, which is positioned on the conveying stroke of the brick tea mold;
The mold locking transmission mechanism comprises a mold locking sliding block arranged below the mold locking block, and the mold locking sliding block is movably connected with a mold locking fixing seat arranged on the bedplate through a sliding block reset spring shaft; the sliding block reset spring shaft is arranged in the vertical direction, and a sliding block reset spring is arranged on the sliding block reset spring shaft;
The side pressure mold locking mechanism comprises a side pressure mold locking module positioned between the mold locking transmission mechanism and the brick tea mold conveyed to the position right below the pressure head, and the side pressure mold locking module is movably connected to the mold locking fixing seat through a side pressure reset spring shaft; the mold locking pressing block and the mold locking transmission mechanism are positioned on one side of the conveying stroke of the brick tea mold on the bedplate, and the other side of the mold locking pressing block and the mold locking transmission mechanism is provided with a fixed locking module which is arranged on the bedplate and is opposite to the side pressure locking module;
The side pressure reset spring shaft is arranged in the horizontal direction, one end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is connected with the side pressure lock module, and the other end of the side pressure reset spring shaft is provided with a side pressure reset spring; one end of the side pressure locking module can be contacted with the side wall of the brick tea mould, and the other end of the side pressure locking module is contacted with the mould locking sliding block;
The mold locking sliding block is in inclined surface contact with the side pressure locking module;
An air supply pump is arranged below the bedplate and connected with a high-pressure air nozzle through an air blowing pipe, and the high-pressure air nozzle is arranged at two sides of the brick tea mould conveying stroke and corresponds to a mould pressure maintaining lock of the brick tea mould conveyed to the lower part of the pressure head; an exhaust hood is arranged above the press and is communicated with an exhaust air pump.
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| CN201710968174.0A CN107549359B (en) | 2017-10-18 | 2017-10-18 | Brick tea pressing method, pressing device and die |
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| CN110561817B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2024-04-16 | 湖北香城智能机电产业技术研究院有限公司 | Inclined plane loose piece formula brick tea embossing mold utensil |
| CN114586856B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2024-05-10 | 湖南京洲绿色食品有限公司 | Automatic Fuzhuan tea building equipment capable of preventing tea from scattering and wasting |
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| WO2009039817A2 (en) * | 2007-09-24 | 2009-04-02 | Via Domo Gmbh | Mold for producing molded bricks and device for producing molded bricks |
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