CN1075478C - Preparation of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying - Google Patents
Preparation of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying Download PDFInfo
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- CN1075478C CN1075478C CN 99107782 CN99107782A CN1075478C CN 1075478 C CN1075478 C CN 1075478C CN 99107782 CN99107782 CN 99107782 CN 99107782 A CN99107782 A CN 99107782A CN 1075478 C CN1075478 C CN 1075478C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing an oxide ceramic bar for spraying flames. The method comprises the steps: ceramic raw materials are firstly weighed, matched, milled by a ball and dried to obtain mixed powder materials; then, polyvinyl alcohol, water, etc. are added to the powder materials to be mixed and pugged; a plastic mud lump is put in a vacuum extruder for extrusion molding and is heated to remove glue; finally, the plastic mud lump is sintered under certain temperature, namely the oxide ceramic bar. The ceramic bar has good spraying performance, a ceramic coating layer formed after spraying has the advantages of good mechanical performance, good thermo insulating property, good insulating property, high corrosion resistance, etc., and different ceramic coating layers can be selected according to actual demands.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying, belong to materials science field.Along with science and technology development, the ceramic spraying technology has progressively obtained using widely.More sophisticated at present ceramic spraying technology mainly contains plasma spraying and flame plating technology.Wherein plasma spraying method is restricted in industrial applying because of reasons such as process unit complexity, price height, inconvenient maintenance, troublesome poerations.The flame plating technical equipment is simple, highly versatile, processing method are easy, thereby has obtained using more widely.According to employed spraying raw material difference, the flame plating technology is divided into flame spray powder coating and ceramic rod flame spraying again.For flame spray powder coating, since ceramic powder particle in flight course by flame heating, the heat-up time that particle is subjected in flame is very short, therefore in coating, often there is the fully particle of fusing, cause coating inhomogeneous, and powder using efficiency is low, has quite a few to be blown away by high velocity air.And ceramic rod flame spraying be by the high temperature oxy-acetylene flame with the fusion of ceramic rod termination, form ceramics liquid drop, and then be ejected into the surface of workpiece, form the ceramic coating of even compact.Because drop the time still be liquid on the striking work surface, and drop is accelerated to the speed of 180 meters of about per seconds, gets to the workpiece substrate surface with very big heat energy and kinetic energy, therefore can and matrix between the ceramic coating of formation excellent property.So ceramic rod flame spraying is a practical and effective ceramic spraying technology.
One of ceramic rod flame spraying key problem in technology is to use suitable ceramic spraying rod, according to the retrieval, and the production technology of the ceramic rod that the also suitable flame plating of China is at present used.
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of preparation method of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying, comprise the formula system and the preparation technology of ceramic rod.
The preparation method of the oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying that the present invention proposes, used raw material is: major ingredient: any in aluminum oxide, chromic oxide, titanium oxide and the zirconium white, size range be less than 30 μ m, and purity is more than 98%,
Auxiliary material: magnesium oxide, silicon oxide, calcium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, borax, size range: less than 10 μ m, purity is more than 99%,
Binder materials: polyvinyl alcohol powder, polymerization degree scope 1400～2000, calcium chloride, whiteruss, glycerine.
Prepared ceramic rod is:
Its preparation method comprises following each step:
(1) by the composition raw materials weighing of prepared ceramic rod, the composition of ceramic rod is: Al
2O
3: (90～95) %Al
2O
3+ (0～5) %MgO+ (0～5) %SiO
2+ (0～3) %Na
2BO
3Al
2O
3-TiO
2: (40～95) %Al
2O
3+ (0～50) %TiO
2+ (0～5) %MgO+ (0～5) %SiO
2+ (0～3) %Na
2BO
3Cr
2O
3: (70～95) %Cr
2O
3+ (0～10) %Al
2O
3+ (0～10) %SiO
2+ (0～5) %CaO+ (0～3) %Na
2BO
3ZrO
2: (70～95) %ZrO
2+ (0～10) %Y
2O
3+ (0～10) %CeO
2+ (0～5) %Al
2O
3+ (0～5) %SiO
2Raw material is put into ball grinder, is abrading-ball with the agate ball, is medium with alcohol, ball mill mixing 24 hours, and wherein the ratio of ball milling material is: raw material: ball: alcohol=1: 1～2: 1.2～2;
(2) discharging after oven dry about 80 ℃, is crossed 50～100 mesh sieves, obtains the blended powder;
The preparation of (3) 15～25% polyvinyl alcohol solutions: get the polymerization degree and be 15～25 parts of 1400～2000 polyvinyl alcohol, be dissolved in 75～85 parts 80 ℃ the distilled water, and add 4～10% calcium chloride as stablizer, after stirring, constant temperature is 8～15 hours in 80 ℃ water-bath;
(4) acquisition of plastic mud material: the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that in mixed powder, adds preparation in above-mentioned the 3rd step as binding agent, add whiteruss as lubricant, add glycerine as softening agent, add-on is pressed mixed powder: binding agent: lubricant: softening agent=100: 25～75: 1～5: 1～5, carry out the batch mixing pugging with roll forming machine or vacuum mixer, until obtaining the good plastic walk of plasticity, the walk water ratio is 10～25%, and with walk under sealed state old 12～24 hours;
(5) extrusion moulding: the plastic walk that obtains in above-mentioned the 4th step is put into vacuum-extruder, extrusion moulding, extrusion pressure is 15～50MPa, and the base substrate of extruding is placed on the special wooden supporting plate, puts into the baking oven infrared drying;
(6) sintering of ceramic rod: the ceramic rod base substrate in above-mentioned the 5th step is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace or tunnel furnace, the method of burning is hung in employing, speed with 2 ℃～5 ℃ of per minutes is warming up to 300～400 ℃ at a slow speed, be incubated 2～4 hours and carry out the binder removal processing, after treating that organism drains fully, be warming up to sintering temperature with 5～10 ℃/minute speed again and carry out sintering,, be oxide ceramic bar 1300 ℃～1700 ℃ following sintering 1～6 hour.The relevant performance of the serial oxide ceramics spray bars that the present invention makes is as shown in table 1 below:
The related characteristics of the serial oxide ceramic bar of this project of table 1 development itself
| Kind | Diameter (mm) | Length (mm) | Color | Proportion (g/cm 3) |
| Al 2O 3 | 3～6.3 | 450～700 | White or incarnadine | 3.2～3.4 |
| Al 2O 3-TiO 2 | 3～6.3 | 450～700 | White is to light gray | 3.2～4 |
| Cr 2O 3 | 3～6.3 | 450～700 | Mazarine is to black | 4.2～4.5 |
| ?ZrO 2 | 3～6.3 | 450～700 | Faint yellow to filbert | 4.5～5.5 |
The ceramic rod that the present invention makes is after spraying, and the relevant performance of the ceramic coating of formation is as shown in table 2 below.By test, the serial oxide ceramic bar of manufacturing of the present invention all has spraying property preferably, the formed ceramic coating in spraying back has mechanical property preferably, also has thermal insulation, insulativity, erosion resistance etc. preferably simultaneously, can select different ceramic coatings according to actual needs.
The relevant performance and the characteristic of table 2 ceramic rod spray-on coating
| Kind | Al 2O 3 | Al 2O 3-TiO 2 | Cr 2O 3 | ZrO 2 | |
| Characteristic | The hardness height, hardness is the highest in all oxides, and coated membrane is flexible | Void content is extremely low, coating and base bonding property are good | Void content is extremely low, the highest in conjunction with clinging power between particle | Density is higher, the refractoriness height, and thermal conductivity is low | |
| Performance | Microhardness (Knoop) | 2000 | 1800 | 1900 | 1000 |
| Porosity % (perforate) | ?8 (7) | ?4 (2) | ?4 (2) | ?8 (7) | |
| Resistivity (Ω cm) | 1.14×10 -2(260℃) 3.0×10 -2(427℃) | - | - | 6.9×10 -2(260℃) 5.3×10 -2(427℃) | |
| Ultimate compression strength (MPa) | 255 | 320 | 724 | 145 | |
| Thermal expansivity (/ ℃) | 7.3×10 -6(21-1230℃) | 7.5×10 -6(21-1230℃) | 8.9×10 -6(21-1090℃) | 9.6×10 -6(21-1230℃) | |
| Thermal conductivity (W/mK) | 9.9×10 3(540-1090℃) | 9.2×10 3(540-1090℃) | 1.09×10 4(540-1090℃) | 4.8×10 3(540-1090℃) | |
| Heat-shock resistance | Good | Good | Appropriateness | Fine | |
| Resistance to acid | Good | Good | Good | Good | |
| Alkali-resistivity | Good | Good | Good | Good | |
Adopt the ceramic spraying rod of manufacturing of the present invention to carry out flame plating, can be used on many components of machine, on the one hand the work-ing life that can improve parts greatly, reduce and change number of times, increase work efficiency; Ceramic spraying can be repaired the parts of wearing and tearing on the other hand, and parts can be used repeatedly, therefore can save noble metal, special steel material etc. greatly.So social benefit and economic benefit are appreciable.
Introduce embodiments of the invention below:
Embodiment one:
Select for use prescription to be: 95%Al
2O
3+ 2%MgO+2%SiO
2+ 1%Na
2BO
3, carry out weigh batching, put into ball grinder, in material: agate ball: the ratio of alcohol=2: 2: 1.5 adds abrading-ball and alcohol, and ball milling mixed 24 hours, 80 ℃ of oven dry 8 hours, crosses 60 mesh sieves after the discharging, obtains mixed powder.Get the polymerization degree and be 15 parts of 1788 polyvinyl alcohol, be dissolved in 85 parts 80 ℃ the distilled water, and add 6% calcium chloride (CaCl
2) as stablizer, after stirring, constant temperature is 10 hours in 80 ℃ water-bath, obtains tackiness agent.In mixed powder: binding agent: lubricant: softening agent=100: 40: 3: 3 ratio is mixed powder, tackiness agent, lubricant and softening agent.Carry out the batch mixing pugging with roll forming machine, until obtaining the good plastic walk of plasticity, the walk water ratio is about 18%.And, obtain plastic walk with walk under sealed state old 24 hours.Plastic walk is put into vacuum-extruder, extrusion moulding, extrusion pressure is 20MPa, and the base substrate of extruding is placed on the special wooden supporting plate, puts into the baking oven infrared drying, obtains the ceramic rod base substrate.The ceramic rod base substrate is put into tunnel furnace, adopt the method for hanging burning.Heat up earlier (2 ℃/minute) at a slow speed to 320 ℃, be incubated 4 hours and carry out the binder removal processing, treat that organism drains fully after, be warming up to 1450 ℃ with 5 ℃/minute speed again and carry out sintering, be incubated 2 hours.Can obtain Al
2O
3Ceramic rod, color are white.Through reality spraying experiment, form white coating, coating result is good.
Embodiment two:
Select for use prescription to be: 79%Al
2O
3+ 15%TiO
2+ 2%MgO+3%SiO
2+ 1%Na
2BO
3, carry out weigh batching, put into ball grinder, in material: agate ball: the ratio of alcohol=2: 2: 1.7 adds abrading-ball and alcohol, and ball milling mixed 24 hours, 80 ℃ of oven dry 12 hours, crosses 80 mesh sieves after the discharging, obtains mixed powder.Get the polymerization degree and be 20 parts of 1800 polyvinyl alcohol, be dissolved in 80 parts 80 ℃ the distilled water, and add 8% calcium chloride (CaCl
2) as stablizer, after stirring, constant temperature is 12 hours in 80 ℃ water-bath, obtains tackiness agent.In mixed powder: binding agent: lubricant: softening agent=100: 35: 3: 2 ratio is mixed powder, tackiness agent, lubricant and softening agent.Carry out the batch mixing pugging with roll forming machine, until obtaining the good plastic walk of plasticity, the walk water ratio is 20%.And, obtain plastic walk with walk under sealed state old 24 hours.Plastic walk is put into vacuum-extruder, extrusion moulding, extrusion pressure is 23MPa, and the base substrate of extruding is placed on the special wooden supporting plate, puts into the baking oven infrared drying, obtains the ceramic rod base substrate.The ceramic rod base substrate is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, adopt the method for hanging burning.Heat up earlier (2 ℃/minute) at a slow speed to 320 ℃, be incubated 4 hours and carry out the binder removal processing, treat that organism drains fully after, be warming up to 1420 ℃ with 5 ℃/minute speed again and carry out sintering, be incubated 2 hours.Can obtain Al
2O
3-TiO
2Ceramic rod, color are white.Through reality spraying experiment, form the grey coating, coating result is good.
Embodiment three:
Select for use prescription to be: 92%Cr
2O
3+ 3%Al
2O
3+ 2%SiO
2+ 1%CaO+2%Na
2BO
3, carry out weigh batching, put into ball grinder, in material: agate ball: the ratio of alcohol=2: 2: 1.5 adds abrading-ball and alcohol, and ball milling mixed 24 hours, 80 ℃ of oven dry 15 hours, crosses 60 mesh sieves after the discharging, obtains mixed powder.Get the polymerization degree and be 20 parts of 1800 polyvinyl alcohol, be dissolved in 80 parts 80 ℃ the distilled water, and add 8% calcium chloride (CaCl
2) as stablizer, after stirring, constant temperature is 12 hours in 80 ℃ water-bath, obtains tackiness agent.In mixed powder: binding agent: lubricant: softening agent=100: 45: 3: 2 ratio is mixed powder, tackiness agent, lubricant and softening agent.Carry out the batch mixing pugging with roll forming machine, until obtaining the good plastic walk of plasticity, the walk water ratio is 21%.And, obtain plastic walk with walk under sealed state old 24 hours.Plastic walk is put into vacuum-extruder, extrusion moulding, extrusion pressure is 26MPa, and the base substrate of extruding is placed on the special wooden supporting plate, puts into the baking oven infrared drying, obtains the ceramic rod base substrate.The ceramic rod base substrate is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, adopt the method for hanging burning.Heat up earlier (2 ℃/minute) at a slow speed to 350 ℃, be incubated 4 hours and carry out the binder removal processing, treat that organism drains fully after, be warming up to 1470 ℃ with 8 ℃/minute speed again and carry out sintering, be incubated 4 hours.Can obtain Cr
2O
3Ceramic rod, color are mazarine.Through reality spraying experiment, form black coating, coating result is good.
Embodiment four:
Select for use prescription to be: 90%ZrO
2+ 3%CeO
2+ 1%Al
2O
3+ 6%SiO
2, carry out weigh batching, put into ball grinder, in material: agate ball: the ratio of alcohol=2: 2: 1.2 adds abrading-ball and alcohol, and ball milling mixed 24 hours, 80 ℃ of oven dry 10 hours, crosses 60 mesh sieves after the discharging, obtains mixed powder.Get the polymerization degree and be 20 parts of 1800 polyvinyl alcohol, be dissolved in 80 parts 80 ℃ the distilled water, and add 8% calcium chloride (CaCl
2) as stablizer, after stirring, constant temperature is 12 hours in 80 ℃ water-bath, obtains tackiness agent.In mixed powder: binding agent: lubricant: softening agent=100: 45: 2: 3 ratio is mixed powder, tackiness agent, lubricant and softening agent.Carry out the batch mixing pugging with roll forming machine, until obtaining the good plastic walk of plasticity, the walk water ratio is about 19%.And, obtain plastic walk with walk under sealed state old 24 hours.Plastic walk is put into vacuum-extruder, extrusion moulding, extrusion pressure is 25MPa, and the base substrate of extruding is placed on the special wooden supporting plate, puts into the baking oven infrared drying, obtains the ceramic rod base substrate.The ceramic rod base substrate is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace, adopt the method for hanging burning.Heat up earlier (2 ℃/minute) at a slow speed to 320 ℃, be incubated 3 hours and carry out the binder removal processing, treat that organism drains fully after, be warming up to 1500 ℃ with 5 ℃/minute speed again and carry out sintering, be incubated 2 hours.Can obtain ZrO
2Ceramic rod, color are faint yellow.Through reality spraying experiment, form light yellow coating, coating result is good.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying is characterized in that: used raw material is:
Major ingredient: any in aluminum oxide, chromic oxide, titanium oxide and the zirconium white, size range be less than 30 μ m, and purity is more than 98%,
Auxiliary material: magnesium oxide, silicon oxide, calcium oxide, cerium oxide, yttrium oxide, borax, size range; Less than 10 μ m, purity is more than 99%,
Binder materials: the polyvinyl alcohol powder, polymerization degree scope 1400～2000, calcium chloride, whiteruss, glycerine,
Prepared ceramic rod is:
Its preparation method comprises following each step:
(1) by the composition raw materials weighing of prepared ceramic rod, the composition of ceramic rod is: Al
2O
3: (90～95) %Al
2O
3+ (0～5) %MgO+ (0～5) %SiO
2+ (0～3) %Na
2BO
3Al
2O
3-TiO
2: (40～95) %Al
2O
3+ (0～50) %TiO
2+ (0～5) %MgO+ (0～5) %SiO
2+ (0～3) %Na
2BO
3Cr
2O
3: (70～95) %Cr
2O
3+ (0～10) %Al
2O
3+ (0～10) %SiO
2+ (0～5) %CaO+ (0～3) %Na
2BO
3ZrO
2: (70～95) %ZrO
2+ (0～10) %Y
2O
3+ (0～10) %CeO
2+ (0～5) %Al
2O
3+ (0～5) %SiO
2
Raw material is put into ball grinder, is abrading-ball with the agate ball, is medium with alcohol, ball mill mixing 24 hours, and wherein the ratio of ball milling material is: raw material: ball: alcohol=1: 1～2: 1.2～2;
(2) discharging after oven dry about 80 ℃, is crossed 50～100 mesh sieves, obtains the blended powder;
The preparation of (3) 15～25% polyvinyl alcohol solutions: get the polymerization degree and be 15～25 parts of 1400～2000 polyvinyl alcohol, be dissolved in 75～85 parts 80 ℃ the distilled water, and add 4～10% calcium chloride as stablizer, after stirring, constant temperature is 8～15 hours in 80 ℃ water-bath;
(4) acquisition of plastic mud material: the polyvinyl alcohol water solution that in mixed powder, adds preparation in above-mentioned the 3rd step as binding agent, add whiteruss as lubricant, add glycerine as softening agent, add-on is pressed mixed powder: binding agent: lubricant: softening agent=100: 25～75: 1～5: 1～5, carry out the batch mixing pugging with roll forming machine or vacuum mixer, until obtaining plastic walk, the walk water ratio is 10～25%, and with walk under sealed state old 12～24 hours;
(5) extrusion moulding: the plastic walk that obtains in above-mentioned the 4th step is put into vacuum-extruder, extrusion moulding, extrusion pressure is 15～50MPa, and the base substrate of extruding is placed on the special wooden supporting plate, puts into the baking oven infrared drying;
(6) sintering of ceramic rod: the ceramic rod base substrate in above-mentioned the 5th step is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace or tunnel furnace, the method of burning is hung in employing, speed with 2 ℃～5 ℃ of per minutes is warming up to 300～400 ℃ at a slow speed, be incubated 2～4 hours and carry out the binder removal processing, after treating that organism drains fully, be warming up to sintering temperature with 5～10 ℃/minute speed again and carry out sintering,, be oxide ceramic bar 1300 ℃～1700 ℃ following sintering 1～6 hour.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99107782 CN1075478C (en) | 1999-05-28 | 1999-05-28 | Preparation of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99107782 CN1075478C (en) | 1999-05-28 | 1999-05-28 | Preparation of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1232802A CN1232802A (en) | 1999-10-27 |
| CN1075478C true CN1075478C (en) | 2001-11-28 |
Family
ID=5272932
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99107782 Expired - Fee Related CN1075478C (en) | 1999-05-28 | 1999-05-28 | Preparation of oxide ceramic bar for flame spraying |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1075478C (en) |
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1999
- 1999-05-28 CN CN 99107782 patent/CN1075478C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1232802A (en) | 1999-10-27 |
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