CN107544780B - Installation method and installation device of operating system - Google Patents
Installation method and installation device of operating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107544780B CN107544780B CN201610466414.2A CN201610466414A CN107544780B CN 107544780 B CN107544780 B CN 107544780B CN 201610466414 A CN201610466414 A CN 201610466414A CN 107544780 B CN107544780 B CN 107544780B
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Abstract
The application provides an installation method and an installation device of an operating system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: loading a first operating system kernel; starting a command interpreter, and loading the soft RAID by the command interpreter; operating the soft RAID, and virtualizing a physical partition and/or a physical drive except the guide partition to obtain a logical drive; a first operating system is installed in the logical driver. The installation device of the operating system comprises a boot device, a processor, a memory, a storage device and a physical driver, and the installation method of the operating system can install the operating system into a system partition protected by soft RAID and provide data protection for the system partition.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to installation of an operating system, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for installing an operating system on a soft RAID.
Background
Raid (redundant Array of Independent disks) is a data storage virtualization technology, and combines a plurality of physical drives into a logical device, and provides capabilities such as data protection and performance aggregation. Hard RAID is implemented by a RAID card or dedicated hardware, while soft RAID, running software in a computer that provides RAID functionality, may be part of the operating system.
When the hardware provides the RAID function, the computer can access the logical disk or the logical device virtualized by the hard RAID after being started, and can boot the loading of the operating system therefrom. However, the RAID card or dedicated hardware is expensive, and is required to be carried around, which is inconvenient to use.
For soft RAID, however, the virtualized logical disks or logical devices need to be accessed after the operating system is loaded and the software implementing the RAID system is loaded. Since the operating system is loaded first and then the soft RAID system is loaded, the operating system image in the disk is not protected by the soft RAID system.
Disclosure of Invention
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an installation method of a first operating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising: loading a first operating system kernel; starting a command interpreter, and loading the soft RAID by the command interpreter; operating the soft RAID, and virtualizing a physical partition and/or a physical drive except the guide partition to obtain a logical drive; a first operating system is installed in the logical driver.
According to the first operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the second operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising starting a computer, running a boot loader in a boot device; indicating to a boot loader a first storage location and a release version of a first operating system to install; and said loading the first operating system kernel is a kernel that directs the loader to load the first operating system from the first storage location.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to second operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the third operating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising starting the computer, running a boot loader through a boot device; the boot loader loads a second operating system kernel in the boot device; indicating a first storage location and a release version of a first operating system to be installed by a second operating system kernel; and the loading of the first operating system kernel is the loading of the first operating system kernel from the first storage location by the second operating system.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to third operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the fourth operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the loading of the kernel of the first operating system further comprises providing a parameter to the kernel of the first operating system to instruct the loading of the command interpreter after the loading of the kernel of the first operating system is completed, the parameter further instructing a soft RAID installer stored in the boot device.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to third operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the fifth operating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the starting of the command interpreter, the loading of the soft RAID by the command interpreter, comprises: and the command interpreter executes a soft RAID installation program in the boot device according to the parameters so as to load the soft RAID into the memory.
According to a fifth operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the sixth operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the parameters include a first parameter and a second parameter, the first parameter indicates that the command interpreter is loaded after the kernel of the first operating system completes loading, the second parameter indicates that the soft RAID installer stored in the boot device, and the kernel of the first operating system cannot recognize the second parameter, so that the kernel of the first operating system passes the second parameter to the command interpreter indicated by the first parameter.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to sixth operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the seventh operating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the soft RAID virtualizes one or more physical partitions and/or one or more physical drives, and wherein the logical drives are protected by the soft RAID.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to seventh operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the eighth operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising installing a kernel of the first operating system, a first component of the soft RAID, and configuration information of the soft RAID in the boot partition.
According to the eighth operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the ninth operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the first component of the soft RAID reassembles one or more physical partitions and/or one or more physical drives according to configuration information of the soft RAID when executing, so as to obtain the logical drive.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to ninth operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the tenth operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising designating the logical drive as a target path for installing the first operating system and completing installation of the first operating system, and installing the second component of the soft RAID in the logical drive.
According to a ninth operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the eleventh operating system installation method of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the second component of the soft RAID includes a management tool for the soft RAID.
According to one of the third to eleventh installation methods of the operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the twelfth operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot device is a usb disk, and the storage location of the first operating system is an optical disk, a removable hard disk, a network storage device, or the usb disk.
According to one of the third to eleventh installation methods of the operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the thirteenth operating system of the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot device is a network card coupled to a PXE server on a network, and the first storage location is an optical disc, a removable hard disc, a network storage device, or the usb disk.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to thirteenth operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the fourteenth operating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising: setting the boot partition as a priority boot device.
According to one of the installation methods of the first to fourteenth operating systems of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation method of the fifteenth operating system according to the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising: the soft RAID is loaded by the command interpreter and the installation authority of the soft RAID is also authenticated.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an installation apparatus of a first operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention, comprising: the guiding device is used for guiding the operating system and completing the loading of the kernel of the operating system; the processor executes the command interpreter, loads the soft RAID, runs the soft RAID, and virtualizes the physical drive and/or the physical partition except the guide partition to obtain a logic drive; the memory is used for temporarily storing configuration information of an operating system kernel, software components of the soft RAID and the soft RAID; the storage device is used for storing the operating system to be installed; and the physical driver is used for storing the software of the computer system.
According to the installation apparatus of the first operating system of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation apparatus of the second operating system of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot device stores therein the second operating system, a boot loader, a software package for soft RAID, and a soft RAID installation program.
According to the second operating system installation device of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the third operating system installation device of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot device is a usb disk, a SATA hard disk, a PCle hard disk, or a network device.
The installation apparatus of the first operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention provides the installation apparatus of the fourth operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot device also serves as an authentication device to authenticate or authorize the use right of the specified software.
The installation apparatus of the fifth operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided, wherein the operating system stored in the storage device is a CentOS operating system, a Windows operating system, a reddat operating system, or a SUSE operating system.
The mounting apparatus of the sixth operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided, wherein the storage device is an optical disc drive, a usb disk, a network device or other storage devices accessible during the boot phase.
According to the installation apparatus of the sixth operating system of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation apparatus of the seventh operating system of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the number of the physical drivers is one or more.
According to the seventh operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the eighth operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the physical driver provides a boot partition and a logical driver.
According to the eighth operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the ninth operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot partition has installed therein an operating system kernel, configuration information of software components and soft RAID of the soft RAID, and a basic version program of the soft RAID.
According to the ninth operating system installation device of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the tenth operating system installation device of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the basic version program of the soft RAID is a thin version, a kernel module, or a driver of the soft RAID.
According to the eighth operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the eleventh operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot partition has installed therein an operating system kernel, configuration information of software components and soft RAID of the soft RAID, and a basic version program of the soft RAID.
The installation apparatus of the eleventh operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention provides the installation apparatus of the twelfth operating system according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the basic version program of the soft RAID is a thin version, a kernel module, or a driver of the soft RAID.
According to the eighth operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the thirteenth operating system installation apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the logical drives are divided into a system partition, a user partition.
According to the installation apparatus of the thirteenth operating system of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the installation apparatus of the fourteenth operating system of the second aspect of the present invention, wherein an operating system and other application programs are installed in the system partition.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first operating system installing apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention, comprising: the loading module is used for loading a first operating system kernel; the starting module is used for starting the command interpreter, and the soft RAID is loaded by the command interpreter; the operation module is used for operating the soft RAID and virtualizing a physical partition and/or a physical driver except the guide partition to obtain a logical driver; and an installation module for installing the first operating system in the logical driver.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a boot method of a first operating system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, comprising: in response to booting the computer, loading a first operating system kernel from the boot partition, running a first component of the soft RAID; the first component of the soft RAID virtualizes one or more physical drives and/or one or more physical partitions except the guide partition according to the configuration information of the soft RAID to generate a logical drive; the first operating system kernel loads the first operating system component from the logical driver to complete the booting of the first operating system.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for booting a second operating system, wherein the boot partition stores a kernel of the first operating system and a virtual file system, and the virtual file system includes a first component of a soft RAID system and configuration information of the soft RAID.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for booting a third operating system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the configuration information of the soft RAID indicates a manner of reorganizing (reusable) one or more physical drives and/or one or more physical partitions into a logical drive, and wherein the logical drive is protected by the soft RAID.
According to one of the boot methods of the first to third operating systems of the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the boot method of the fourth operating system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the logical drive includes a system partition and a user partition.
According to one of the boot methods of the first to fourth operating systems of the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the boot method of the fifth operating system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, further comprising: loading a second component of the soft RAID in the logical drive; wherein a second component of the soft RAID comprises management tools for the soft RAID.
According to a fifth operating system starting method of the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the sixth operating system starting method of the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the system partition is installed with the first operating system and the second component of the soft RAID.
According to one of the boot methods of the first to fourth operating systems of the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the boot method of the seventh operating system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, further comprising: a first operating system kernel is loaded from the backup boot partition, and a first component of the soft RAID is run.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a boot apparatus of a first operating system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, comprising: the boot device is used for responding to the starting of the computer, loading a first operating system kernel from the boot partition and operating a first component of the soft RAID; the virtualization device is used for virtualizing one or more physical drives and/or one or more physical partitions except the boot partition according to the configuration information of the soft RAID to generate a logical drive; and the operating system starting device is used for loading the first operating system component from the logic driver so as to complete the starting of the first operating system.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the boot apparatus for the second operating system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the boot apparatus comprises a first operating system kernel, a first component of the soft RAID.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided a program comprising program code means for causing a computer to perform one of the installation or start-up methods according to the first or fourth aspects of the present invention when an operating system is installed and started on the computer.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following technical effects:
(1) after the operating system is installed by the method, the operating system is only started when being used again, repeated installation is not needed, and the operating system is convenient to use;
(2) the security of the operating system mirror image is improved, and the RAID technology is used for protecting the operating system mirror image;
(3) an operating system may be installed into a system partition protected by soft RAID to provide data protection to the system partition.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a configuration for installing soft RAID according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a configuration for installing an operating system on a soft RAID by using a U disk and an optical disk drive according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a guide apparatus and a driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a distribution after installing an operating system on a soft RAID according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an operating system installed over soft RAID by PXE according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram illustrating an operating system installed over PXE according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a physical drive partition after installing an operating system on a soft RAID according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a drive distribution with a copy of the boot partition placed on physical drives after installation of an operating system on soft RAID, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived from the embodiments given herein by a person of ordinary skill in the art are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
The following further describes the present application with reference to the drawings.
The application provides an operating system installation method, which comprises the following steps:
loading a first operating system kernel; starting a command interpreter, and loading the soft RAID by the command interpreter; operating the soft RAID, and virtualizing a physical partition and/or a physical drive except the guide partition to obtain a logical drive; a first operating system is installed in the logical driver.
The computer or the server includes one or more physical drives, as shown in fig. 1, where one physical drive 100a or a partition on the physical drive 100a is used as a boot partition 101a, that is, the boot partition 101a may be an individual physical drive 100a or a part of an individual physical drive 100a, and a position of the boot partition 101a is recorded in a BIOS (Basic Input Output System) so that, when the System is powered on, a specified position of the boot partition 101a is accessed and kernel loading or booting is started. The physical drives 100b, 100c, 100d, 100e, and the portions of the physical drive 100a in the system other than the boot partition 101a are managed by soft RAID. The soft RAID kernel component comprises a soft RAID software component and soft RAID configuration information. Software components of the soft RAID virtualize physical drives outside the boot partition 101a and export logical drives 102a, 102b, 102c to provide storage services. And recording the organization mode of the logic drive in the configuration information of the soft RAID, so that the software component of the soft RAID can reassemble the (reusable) logic drive through the configuration information of the soft RAID when the system is powered on. Since access to the logical drives 102 a-102 c is supported by soft RAID, it has high performance and high reliability, and provides extremely strong scalability.
The operating system installation method provided by the embodiment of the invention is suitable for various operating systems, various soft RAID and drivers and various operating system installation modes.
The software component of the soft RAID is stored in the boot partition 101a, when the system is powered on, after the boot partition 101a finishes kernel loading of the operating system, the software component of the soft RAID is loaded and operated, after the software component of the soft RAID is operated, a plurality of physical drivers except the boot partition 101a are reassembled (reasserted) according to configuration information of the soft RAID, and the existing logical drivers (102a, 102b and 102c) are identified, wherein the logical driver 102a provides a system partition and stores the operating system component in the system partition. Operating system components are then loaded from the system partition via the soft RAID and the boot of the operating system is completed.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of installing an operating system on a soft RAID according to one embodiment of the present invention. 4 physical drivers, namely a physical driver 200a, a physical driver 200b, a physical driver 200c and a physical driver 200d are installed in the computer, examples of the physical drivers include a solid state disk and/or a mechanical hard disk, and a boot device and a drive device are also installed, wherein the boot device is a U disk 201a in the embodiment. In another embodiment, the boot device may be a SATA hard disk or a pcee hard disk, the U-disk 201a also serves as an authentication device to authenticate or authorize the use right of the specified software, and when the soft RAID is executed, the U-disk 201a is accessed to obtain the right to execute the soft RAID. In this embodiment, the drive device is an optical disc drive 202a, and a centros (Community Enterprise Operating System) Operating System to be installed is stored in the optical disc drive 202 a. Other types of operating systems to be installed, such as the Windows operating system, the Redhat operating system, or the SUSE operating system, may also be provided in the optical disc drive. In the U disk 201a, a Linux operating system kernel 300a, a boot loader 300b, a software package 300c of the soft RAID to be installed, and a soft RAID installer 300d are stored, as shown in fig. 3. In another embodiment according to the present invention, the boot device may also be a SATA hard disk, a PCle hard disk, a network device, etc., and the drive device may also be a removable hard disk, a usb disk, a network storage device, or other storage devices accessible during the boot phase.
With continued reference to fig. 2 and 3, to install the operating system, the computer is booted, the usb disk 201a is selected as the boot device, and the boot loader 300b in the usb disk 201a is executed. The boot loader 300b loads the Linux operating system kernel in the usb disk and indicates a storage location of the CentOS operating system to be installed and a release version of the CentOS operating system to be installed for the Linux operating system kernel. The boot loader 300b loads the kernel of the CentOS to be installed from the optical disc drive 202a, and instructs the Linux operating system that the first program to be executed is the shell. The boot loader 300b instructs the CentOS kernel to load the program that is executed first after completion by providing a parameter to the kernel of the CentOS operating system. The provided parameters include a first parameter indicating that the command interpreter is loaded after the kernel loading of the CentOS operating system is completed, and a second parameter indicating that the soft RAID installer 300d is stored in the U disk 201 a. Since the kernel of the CentOS operating system cannot recognize the second parameter, the kernel of the CentOS operating system passes the parameter to the indicated program (command interpreter) that is executed first after the kernel loading is completed, and the second parameter indicates the soft RAID installer 300d stored in the usb disk 201 a. And after the loading of the CentOS kernel to be installed is finished, executing the command interpreter according to the first parameter instruction, and transmitting the second parameter to the command interpreter. The command interpreter accesses the U disk 201a according to the second parameter and executes the soft RAID installer 300 d. The soft RAID installer 300d installs the soft RAID software package 300c into memory and runs the installed soft RAID software package 300 c.
Referring to FIG. 4, running the soft RAID software package 300c results in a running soft RAID. The running soft RAID detects the physical drives 200a to 200d, virtualizes the physical drives except the boot partition 203a, where the boot partition 203a is part of the physical drive 200a, and exports the logical drives 400a, 400b, 400 c. The configurations of the size, organization, and the like of the logical drives 400a, 400b, 400c may be designated by a user. By this time the execution of the shell is completed, the installation process of the CentOS continues.
The logical driver 400a is selected as the system partition 401a of the CentOS operating system to be installed, and the CentOS operating system to be installed is installed into the system partition 401 a. Optionally, the physical driver 200a to which the boot partition 203a belongs is set as a boot device, so that the next time the system is started, the system is booted from the boot partition 203a, and the installed CentOS operating system is loaded.
During the installation process of the CentOS operating system, as shown in fig. 4, the CentOS kernel 403b is stored in the boot partition 203a, the boot partition 203a further includes a boot program 403a and a soft RAID kernel component 403c, and the soft RAID kernel component 403c includes a software component of soft RAID and configuration information of soft RAID. The boot program 403a is also stored within the boot partition 203a during the CentOS operating system installation process and instructs the boot program 403a to also run software components of the soft RAID upon loading of the CentOS kernel 403 b. By way of example, the soft RAID kernel component 403 is integrated into a virtual root partition (initrd, initialized memory disk).
In addition to the CentOS operating system, other applications, such as a full soft RAID system including a management component, are installed in the logical drive 400a to which the system partition 401a belongs. A complete soft RAID system may also be installed on the logical drive 400b or 400c where the user partition 402a is located. By way of example, when a full soft RAID system is installed, a soft RAID kernel component 403c is also installed to the boot partition 203 a.
When the system is started, the system boots from the boot partition 203a, the boot program 403a boots, loads the CentOS kernel 403b and the virtual root partition (initrd, initializing the memory disk) in the boot partition 203a, then loads the software components of the soft RAID in the virtual root partition, reassembles (reassembling) the physical drives other than the boot partition 203a by the soft RAID configuration information, and derives the logical drive 400a, the logical drive 400b, and the logical drive 400 c. The system partition 401a in logical drive 400a is then loaded, and the CentOS operating system and/or other applications (e.g., full soft RAID) in system partition 401a in logical drive 400a are loaded, and the system boot process is completed.
In the example of fig. 2/3, the boot loader 300b, the soft RAID software package 300c, and the soft RAID installer 300d are provided using the U-disk 201a, while the CentOS operating system to be installed is provided using the optical disk drive 202 a. This is not necessary. The U-disk 201a may be replaced with any bootable storage device or network device, and the optical disk drive 202a may be replaced with any storage device, as long as it can be recognized by a boot loader or another operating system. A boot loader, a soft RAID installation component, and a target operating system may also be provided in the same storage device, where the soft RAID installation component includes a soft RAID software package and a soft RAID installer.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the present application is a schematic structural diagram of installing an operating system on a soft RAID through a PXE (Preboot execution Environment).
The computer includes a Network Card (see fig. 5, NIC (Network Interface Card, Network adapter)), which is coupled to a Network device, such as PXE server 502a (corresponding to a boot device), through NIC501 a. A target operating system (e.g., CentOS), a soft RAID installer, and a soft RAID software package to be installed are also provided on the network device (e.g., PXE server 502 a).
The PXE configuration script is set to indicate the storage path of the CentOS, and to indicate that the CentOS kernel executes the soft RAID installer first after loading is completed, taking the physical drive 500a as a boot partition.
The components within the soft RAID software package are run by executing a soft RAID installer. As shown in fig. 6, the running soft RAID detects the physical drive 500a, the physical drive 500b, the physical drive 500c, and the physical drive 500d, wherein the physical drive 500a is a boot partition, virtualizes a storage space except for the boot partition, and exports the logical drive 501a, the logical drive 501b, and the logical drive 501c, and then continues the normal installation process of the CentOS.
Selecting a logical drive 501a as a system partition of a CentOS to be installed, installing the CentOS to be installed in the logical drive 501a, installing a kernel component of a soft RAID in a boot partition of a physical drive 500a, setting a soft RAID software component in the soft RAID kernel component to be loaded when a CentOS kernel is loaded, and configuring the soft RAID software component to reassemble (reassembling) physical drives except the boot partition according to soft RAID configuration information when the soft RAID software component is loaded.
Alternatively, the physical driver 500a to which the boot partition belongs is set as a boot device, so that the next time it is started, the boot partition of the physical driver 500a is booted and the installed CentOS operating system is loaded.
Through the installation process, referring to fig. 6, the kernel of the installed CentOS operating system is the physical drive 500a to which the boot partition belongs, and the boot partition of the physical drive 500a further includes a soft RAID kernel component, where the soft RAID kernel component includes a software component of soft RAID and configuration information of soft RAID.
When the system is started, the system boots from the boot partition of the physical drive 500a, loads the CentOS kernel in the boot partition, then loads the software program of the soft RAID, reassembles (reassembles) the remaining physical drives other than the physical drive 500a according to the soft RAID configuration information, and derives the logical drives 501a to 501 c. The operating system and/or other applications (e.g., the full soft RAID system) of the CentOS in the logical drive 501a to which the system partition belongs are then loaded and the system boot process is completed.
Alternatively, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the target operating system CentOS, the soft RAID installer, and the soft RAID software package may be stored on any storage or network device accessible over PXE.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a physical drive partition after installation of an operating system on a soft RAID according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 7, a part of the storage space of the physical drive 0 is used as a boot partition, and a boot program, a CentOS kernel, a software component including soft RAID, and a software kernel component of configuration information of soft RAID are provided in the boot partition. While the other partitions of drive 0, drive 1 through drive 4, are managed by soft RAID and virtualized as logical drives. And provides system partitioning on one of the logical drives.
When the system is started, booting from the boot partition of the physical drive 0, loading the CentOS kernel, obtaining the logical drive 0 by the software component running the soft RAID according to the configuration information of the soft RAID, and loading other components and/or application programs of the CentOS operating system from the logical drive 0.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a drive distribution with a copy of the boot partition placed on physical drives after installation of an operating system on soft RAID, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. And taking part of the storage space of the physical drive 0 as a boot partition, and providing a boot program, a CentOS kernel and a soft RAID kernel component in the boot partition, wherein the soft RAID comprises a soft RAID software component and configuration information of the soft RAID. A mirror or copy of the boot partition is provided in a portion of the storage space of the physical drive 1. The boot partition and its copy are organized in a RAID1 fashion. While physical drive 0 is managed by soft RAID with other partitions of physical drive 1, physical drives 2 through 4, and virtualized as logical drives. A system partition is provided on one of the logical drives and a boot partition is provided on the remaining logical drives.
Because a copy of the boot partition is provided, when the boot partition fails, the system can be booted from the copy (by designating the boot device of the computer), and the reliability of the system is improved.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (7)
1. An installation method of an operating system, comprising:
loading a first operating system kernel;
starting a command interpreter, and loading the soft RAID by the command interpreter;
operating the soft RAID, and virtualizing a physical partition and/or a physical drive except the guide partition to obtain a logical drive;
installing a first operating system in the logical driver;
the method further comprises installing a kernel of a first operating system, a first component of the soft RAID and configuration information of the soft RAID in the boot partition; wherein the first component of the soft RAID, when executed, reassembles one or more physical partitions and/or one or more physical drives to obtain the logical drive according to configuration information of the soft RAID.
2. The operating system installation method of claim 1, further comprising:
starting a computer and operating a boot loader in the boot device;
indicating to a boot loader a first storage location and a release version of a first operating system to install; and said loading the first operating system kernel is a kernel that directs the loader to load the first operating system from the first storage location.
3. The operating system installation method of one of claims 1-2, further comprising:
starting a computer, and running a boot loader through a boot device;
the boot loader loads a second operating system kernel in the boot device;
indicating a first storage location and a release version of a first operating system to be installed by a second operating system kernel; and
the loading the first operating system kernel is the kernel of the second operating system loading the first operating system from the first storage location.
4. The operating system installation method of claim 1 wherein loading the first operating system kernel further comprises providing a parameter to the kernel of the first operating system to indicate that the command interpreter is loaded after the kernel of the first operating system is loaded, the parameter further indicating a soft RAID installer stored in the boot device.
5. The operating system installation method of claim 4, wherein the parameters include a first parameter and a second parameter, the first parameter indicates that the command interpreter is loaded after the kernel of the first operating system is loaded, the second parameter indicates that the soft RAID installer stored in the boot device, and the kernel of the first operating system cannot recognize the second parameter, so that the kernel of the first operating system passes the second parameter to the command interpreter indicated by the first parameter.
6. An operating system installation apparatus comprising:
the guiding device is used for guiding the operating system and completing the loading of the kernel of the operating system;
the processor executes the command interpreter, loads the soft RAID, runs the soft RAID, and virtualizes the physical drive and/or the physical partition except the guide partition to obtain a logic drive;
the memory is used for temporarily storing configuration information of an operating system kernel, software components of the soft RAID and the soft RAID;
the storage device is used for storing the operating system to be installed;
a physical drive for storing software of the computer system;
wherein a kernel of an operating system, a component of a soft RAID and configuration information of the soft RAID are installed in the boot partition; wherein the components of the soft RAID, when executed, reassemble one or more physical partitions and/or one or more physical drives to obtain the logical drive based on configuration information of the soft RAID.
7. An operating system installation apparatus comprising:
the loading module is used for loading a first operating system kernel;
the starting module is used for starting the command interpreter, and the soft RAID is loaded by the command interpreter;
the operation module is used for operating the soft RAID and virtualizing a physical partition and/or a physical driver except the guide partition to obtain a logical driver; and
the installation module is used for installing a first operating system in the logic driver;
the device further comprises: means for installing a kernel of a first operating system, a first component of a soft RAID, and configuration information of the soft RAID in the boot partition; wherein the first component of the soft RAID, when executed, reassembles one or more physical partitions and/or one or more physical drives to obtain the logical drive according to configuration information of the soft RAID.
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