CN107544429A - It is a kind of to prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error - Google Patents
It is a kind of to prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is a kind of to prevent that digital control processing is anti-error and anti-error to knife value to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, including tool offset value；The knife of each section of procedure can be mended scope automatically and is associated with actually using the knife benefit of cutter by the present invention, programmer need to only be concerned about that the knife of every section of program mends value range, completely without knife number picked up and the correspondence problem of knife benefit scope is considered, the labor intensity of programmer is reduced.
Description
Technical field
Invention belongs to digital control processing field, and it is wrong to prevent that digital control processing from inputting to knife value and cutter compensation value for more particularly to one kind
Method by mistake.
Background technology
During NC machining parts, operating personnel determine cutter and part and the relative position of each reference axis by " to knife "
Put, that is, determine Cutter coordinate system, this process need to be by each pair of knife numerical value input machine tool control system of Cutter coordinate system.Processing
During, cutter compensation value need to be determined according to surplus size, tool wear degree, dimensional tolerance size of part etc. are comprehensive, will
In this offset input machine tools control panel, ensure the size of drawing requirement accurately to control tool position.To knife value and knife
Benefit value is calculated and is manually entered by operating personnel, is affected by human factors, often because of input error, calculating mistake, operating mistake
Etc. causing part to be crossed to cut overproof or scrap, unnecessary economic loss is caused.For such mistake, observed when typically passing through processing
The method of cutter and part relative position finds, but due to the limitation visually observed, to the faulty operation people of relatively large distance
Member's meticulous inspection still it can be found that, be then difficult to find for general distance and the deviation of part tolerance rank.Existing patent is only real
Now to the judgement of Vehicle Processing tool offset value input, but tool offset value can not obtain automatically, or it proposes a kind of tool length knife and mended
Anti-misoperation method, but for safety knife mend have limitation, be only capable of judging a direction, i.e., " 0 " boundary be identified as mistake, for adding
The less part in work space can not then prevent excessive caused cross of relieving amount from cutting part phenomenon.
The content of the invention
Digital control processing is prevented to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of,
To solve the problems, such as operating personnel to knife and tool offset value input error.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
It is a kind of to prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, including tool offset value is anti-error and to knife
It is worth anti-error；
Tool offset value is anti-error to be comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Determine that the guarded knife of lathe tool X-axis and Z axis mends section, and variable is assigned in main program；Determine milling cutter
Z axis guarded knife mends the security interval of section and tool radius, and variable is assigned in main program；
Step 2：Inquire about the currently used cutter number of lathe；
Step 3：The cutter of the corresponding knife X of knife number, Z axis is corresponded to by the lathe tool of digital control system order read step two respectively
Offset and milling cutter correspond to Z axis offset, tool radius and its offset of knife number；
Step 4：The cutter compensation value that the lathe tool of reading is corresponded to knife number contrasts with the interval range set in main program；
Milling cutter tool radius is added with cutter radius compensation value to obtain effective radius value；
Step 5：Milling cutter Z axis offset, effective radius value are contrasted with the interval range set in main program；
Step 6：Main program provides prompting according to comparing result, if the interval range set in main program, is operated
Personnel correct the tool offset value or milling cutter radius value and tool offset value of lathe tool, if in the interval range set in main program, continue
Processing；
Step 7：It is that knife mends anti-error subroutine module or the anti-error sub- journey of boring-mill work by step 2~step 6 customizing functions
Sequence module, and arrange the general calling title of a fixation, call and perform for main program described in step 1.
It is anti-error to knife value to comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is determined that easily the relative position relation with workpiece surface, the X-axis and Z axis for being set as lathe tool are prevented for identification
It is overdue, and record its coordinate position, run to this prevent overdue when, point of a knife should be with workpiece school knife face distance or surface of revolution bus distance
For A or concordant；It is determined that the convenient relative position relation with workpiece surface of identification, it is set as that the Z axis of milling cutter is prevented overdue, and records
Its coordinate position, run to this prevent overdue when point of a knife should with workpiece school knife face distance be B；
Step 2：X, Z axis prevent the change of overdue position caused by lathe tool compensation knife benefit, i.e., in X, the anti-error point coordinates of Z axis again
Actual tool offset value is subtracted, offsets influence of the actual knife benefit to the long school cutter position of knife；Z axis caused by milling cutter compensation Z axis knife benefit is anti-error
The change of point position, i.e., subtract actual Z axis tool offset value again by the anti-error point coordinates of Z axis, offsets actual knife and mends to preventing overdue position
Influence；
Step 3：Lathe tool compensated by step 2 after coordinate run to X-axis or Z axis it is anti-it is overdue after suspend；Milling
Knife cutter knife from the outside of part with safe altitude, the position that level is moved to above the knife point of school, after the compensation as described in step 2
Coordinate is run to the anti-overdue rear pause of Z axis；
Step 4：Judge whether lathe tool or milling cutter point of a knife and workpiece school knife relation of plane are correct；
Step 5：Operating personnel decide to continue with processing or stop processing and search problem according to step 4 judged result.
Further, tool offset value it is anti-error determine in step 1 guarded knife mend the security interval of section and tool radius because
Element is comprehensive feed path, allowance, dimensional tolerance, cutter rigidity and cutter structure.
Further, in the step one anti-error to knife value determine identification easily with the relative position relation of workpiece surface
Factor for point of a knife to direction.
Further, to judge Lathe tool tip correspondence and workpiece school knife face distance in the step four anti-error to knife value, then
The school cutter block for being A with length is attempted to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face, if school cutter block can fill in and remaining gap is big
Or school cutter block can not fill in completely also, then illustrate the direction to knife mistake；If it is desired to judge concordantly, then with school cutter block to be held
The one side being easily bonded with part is attempted while is close to school knife face and point of a knife, if school cutter block is adjacent to face and school knife face folder when contacting simultaneously
Angle is too big and inclined, then illustrates the direction to knife mistake.
Further, to judge that milling cutter point of a knife corresponds to and workpiece school knife face distance, use in the step four anti-error to knife value
The school cutter block that length is B is attempted to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face, if school cutter block can fill in and remaining gap it is big or
Person school cutter block can not be filled in completely, then explanation is to knife mistake.
Further, the position that can not be removed part surplus completely for a lathe tool feed, surplus is layered, every layer
One-pass is worked out, movement of the upper strata terminal to lower floor's starting point, cyclic process are realized using procedure auto-control between every layer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following technique effect：
The method of the present invention can find to mend input error to knife mistake and knife before part is processed, caused by avoiding therefore
Part cross cut, collide, product quality problem and the potential safety hazard such as knife, avoid potential economic loss, realizing engineering should
With.
The knife of each section of procedure can be mended scope automatically and is associated with actually using the knife benefit of cutter by the present invention,
Programmer need to only be concerned about that the knife of every section of program mends value range, mend the correspondence problem of scope with knife completely without consideration knife number picked up,
Reduce the labor intensity of programmer.
The present invention leads to knife benefit anti-error function as lathe for different types of numerically-controlled machine tool system customization anti-error function
With module, main program complexity is reduced, shortens main program length, reduces program composition difficulty.
The present invention reduces the action of operator using circulated layered processing, reduces its risk and labor intensity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that Vehicle Processing guarded knife mends schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is Vehicle Processing to the anti-error schematic diagram of knife
Fig. 3 is certain annular element end face groove machining sketch chart
Fig. 4 is that Milling Machining radius guarded knife mends scope schematic diagram
In figure：1- turning cutting tools；2- turning parts；3- turning school cutter block；5- annular milling workpiece；6- milling cutters；
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described：
It is a kind of to prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, including tool offset value is anti-error and to knife
It is worth anti-error；
Tool offset value is anti-error to be comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Determine that the guarded knife of lathe tool X-axis and Z axis mends section, and variable is assigned in main program；Determine milling cutter
Z axis guarded knife mends the security interval of section and tool radius, and variable is assigned in main program；
Step 2：Inquire about the currently used cutter number of lathe；
Step 3：The cutter of the corresponding knife X of knife number, Z axis is corresponded to by the lathe tool of digital control system order read step two respectively
Offset and milling cutter correspond to Z axis offset, tool radius and its offset of knife number；
Step 4：The cutter compensation value that the lathe tool of reading is corresponded to knife number contrasts with the interval range set in main program；
Milling cutter tool radius is added with cutter radius compensation value to obtain effective radius value；
Step 5：Milling cutter Z axis offset, effective radius value are contrasted with the interval range set in main program；
Step 6：Main program provides prompting according to comparing result, if the interval range set in main program, is operated
Personnel correct the tool offset value or milling cutter radius value and tool offset value of lathe tool, if in the interval range set in main program, continue
Processing；
Step 7：It is that knife mends anti-error subroutine module or the anti-error sub- journey of boring-mill work by step 2~step 6 customizing functions
Sequence module, and arrange the general calling title of a fixation, call and perform for main program described in step 1.
It is anti-error to knife value to comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is determined that easily the relative position relation with workpiece surface, the X-axis and Z axis for being set as lathe tool are prevented for identification
It is overdue, and record its coordinate position, run to this prevent overdue when, point of a knife should be with workpiece school knife face distance or surface of revolution bus distance
For A or concordant；It is determined that the convenient relative position relation with workpiece surface of identification, it is set as that the Z axis of milling cutter is prevented overdue, and records
Its coordinate position, run to this prevent overdue when point of a knife should with workpiece school knife face distance be B；
Step 2：X, Z axis prevent the change of overdue position caused by lathe tool compensation knife benefit, i.e., in X, the anti-error point coordinates of Z axis again
Actual tool offset value is subtracted, offsets influence of the actual knife benefit to the long school cutter position of knife；Z axis caused by milling cutter compensation Z axis knife benefit is anti-error
The change of point position, i.e., subtract actual Z axis tool offset value again by the anti-error point coordinates of Z axis, offsets actual knife and mends to preventing overdue position
Influence；
Step 3：Lathe tool compensated by step 2 after coordinate run to X-axis or Z axis it is anti-it is overdue after suspend；Milling
Knife cutter knife from the outside of part with safe altitude, the position that level is moved to above the knife point of school, after the compensation as described in step 2
Coordinate is run to the anti-overdue rear pause of Z axis；
Step 4：Judge whether lathe tool or milling cutter point of a knife and workpiece school knife relation of plane are correct；
Step 5：Operating personnel decide to continue with processing or stop processing and search problem according to step 4 judged result.
Tool offset value anti-error obtain determines that the factor that guarded knife mends the security interval of section and tool radius is synthesis in step 1
Feed path, allowance, dimensional tolerance, cutter rigidity and cutter structure.
Determine that identification is easily knife with the factor of the relative position relation of workpiece surface in the step one anti-error to knife value
Point to direction.
To judge that Lathe tool tip is then correspondingly A with length with workpiece school knife face distance in the step four anti-error to knife value
School cutter block attempt to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face, if school cutter block can fill in and remaining gap is big or school cutter block
Can not fill in completely also, then illustrate the direction to knife mistake；If it is desired to judge concordantly, then easily pasted with school cutter block with part
The one side of conjunction attempts to be close to school knife face and point of a knife simultaneously, if school cutter block is adjacent to face and is in greatly very much with school knife face angle when contacting simultaneously
Heeling condition, then illustrate the direction to knife mistake.
To judge that milling cutter point of a knife is correspondingly B's with length with workpiece school knife face distance in the step four anti-error to knife value
School cutter block is attempted to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face, if school cutter block can fill in and remaining gap is big or school cutter block is complete
It can not fill in entirely, then explanation is to knife mistake.
The position that can not remove part surplus completely for a lathe tool feed, surplus is layered, and every layer of establishment is once
Feed, movement of the upper strata terminal to lower floor's starting point, cyclic process are realized using procedure auto-control between every layer.
Embodiment 1：
The anti-error programming of Siemens control system Vehicle Processing is carried out to the part die cavity shown in accompanying drawing 1.
Working position is the segment type face inside die cavity in accompanying drawing 1, and the wall thickness tolerance of its right end face is ± 0.02mm, left side
The tolerance of diameter is ± 0.075mm, and the tolerance in gradient face is ± 0.1mm.Cutter for same is elbow groove knife, due to tip size compared with
It is narrow, it is contemplated that its rigidity, to have a certain amount of knife that allows during processing.Knife mends direction and knife benefit amount follows following principle：Allow to
There is no material, i.e., the direction only cut allows knife, and relieving amount can not be excessive, it is necessary to match with surplus, while be also contemplated that cutter
Back can not produce interference with part.Therefore, X is to allowing knife direction to be-X, and part surplus is 0.3, and relieving amount is maximum allowable
To 0.8 (bilateral), it is contemplated that cutter is by knife factor, to ensure the wall thickness value on installation side inclined-plane, it is allowed to enters body and mends 0.05 (bilateral)；
Equally, Z-direction allows knife direction to be-Z, and part surplus is 0.3, relieving amount maximum permissible value 0.4, it is contemplated that cutter by knife because
Element, to ensure to install side wall thickness value, it is allowed to enter body and mend 0.05.Analyzed more than, correct knife benefit scope be X [- 0.8,
0.05], Z [- 0.4,0.05], variable R 11, R12, R13, R14 are assigned in a program, then the anti-error subprogram of calling convention
Module DAO_BU_FANG_WU.
Anti-error subroutine module DAO_BU_FANG_WU performs following function：Inquire about the currently used cutter number of lathe, difference
Read previous step X, the corresponding knife cutter compensation value of Z axis is entered as R17 and R18, the interval range pair with being set in main program
Mistake is prompted according to comparing result and require that operating personnel correct knife and mend (going beyond the scope) or continue processing (in model than, program
Within enclosing).
The distance at lathe tool edge and part minimum endoporus bus is can determine whether in X-direction, part minimum diameter of bore isSetpoint distance A is 10mm, therefore can determine that X-axis prevents that overdue position should be (X110.0, Z25.0)；Z-direction can determine whether
The distance at lathe tool edge and part wheel rim end face (i.e. the Z0 positions of workpiece coordinate system), setpoint distance A is 10mm, therefore be can determine that
Z axis prevents that overdue position should be (X600.0, Z10.0).
The X-axis of previous step is prevented overdue (X110.0, Z25.0) offset position after knife is mended be for (X=110.0-R17,
Z25.0), it is (X600.0, Z10.0-R18) that Z axis, which prevents that overdue (X600.0, Z10.0) is offset after knife is mended,.
Numerical programming instructs, make cutter perform previous step it is anti-it is overdue after run it is anti-overdue to X-axis or Z axis, such as accompanying drawing
2。
Prompting operator attempts to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face respectively using the school cutter block 3 that length is 10mm, if
School cutter block can be filled in and remaining gap is big or school cutter block can not be filled in completely, then illustrate the direction to knife mistake, need
Change is reexamined in reset.
By poor machining programming section in accessory size.This example institute working position surplus is smaller, can once remove, because
This need not work out cyclic program, only need to work out contour machining program, can not be by part surplus for other one-passes
The position removed completely, surplus is layered, every layer of establishment one-pass, and upper strata end is realized using procedure auto-control between every layer
Put to the movement of lower floor's starting point, auto-cycle process.
So far, one section there is the numerical control lathe procedure that error-disable function is mended to knife and knife to work out.
Embodiment 2：
The anti-error programming of FANUC control systems is carried out to the part finish-milling end face groove two sides shown in accompanying drawing 3.
End face groove two sides are processed using milling cutter 6, tool diameter isTo ensure surface roughness, select suitable
Milling mode is processed, and is programmed using G42 instructions.Part groove width tolerance is " 24 " _ 0^ (+0.05) mm, it is contemplated that cutter side edge
Abrasion, least radius compensation allow extremelyBecause the unilateral surplus of groove width is 0.5mm after roughing, therefore maximum radius is mended
Repay permission extremelyCorrect knife mends scope#511, #512 variable are assigned in a program.Groove depth chi
It is very little to beBottom land surplus is 0.5mm, therefore the correct knife of Z axis mends scope and should be [- 0.025,0.5], in a program assignment
#513, #514 variable are given, then the good anti-error subroutine module O8200 of calling convention.
Anti-error subroutine module O8200 performs following function：Inquire about the currently used cutter number of lathe, read corresponding knife respectively
Number cutter radius compensation value, Z axis tool offset value be #1 and #2, with set in main program interval range contrast, program is according to contrast
As a result prompting is wrong and requires that operating personnel correct knife and mend (going beyond the scope) or continue processing (within the scope of).
Z-direction judges the point of a knife of milling cutter 6 and part end face, and setpoint distance B is 100mm, therefore can determine that Z axis prevents overdue position
It should be (X0, Y-160.0, Z100.0).
It is (X0, Y-160.0, Z to prevent that the Z axis of previous step overdue (X0, Y-160.0, Z100.0) offsets position after knife is mended
[100.0-#2])。
Numerical programming instructs, and runs anti-overdue to previous step.
Prompting operator attempts to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face using the school cutter block 9 that length is 100mm, if school knife
Block 9 can be filled in and remaining gap is big or school cutter block can not be filled in also, then illustrate that Z-direction to knife mistake, needs to reset completely
Reexamine change.
By poor machining programming section in accessory size.This example institute working position surplus is smaller, can once remove, because
This need not work out cyclic program, only need to work out contour machining program, can not be by part surplus for other one-passes
The position removed completely, surplus is layered, every layer of establishment one-pass, and upper strata end is realized using procedure auto-control between every layer
Put to the movement of lower floor's starting point, auto-cycle process.
So far, one section there is the NC Milling program composition that error-disable function is mended to knife and knife to complete.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, it is characterised in that including tool offset value
It is anti-error and anti-error to knife value；
Tool offset value is anti-error to be comprised the following steps：
Step 1：Determine that the guarded knife of lathe tool X-axis and Z axis mends section, and variable is assigned in main program；Determine milling cutter Z axis
Guarded knife mends the security interval of section and tool radius, and variable is assigned in main program；
Step 2：Inquire about the currently used cutter number of lathe；
Step 3：The cutter compensation of the corresponding knife X of knife number, Z axis is corresponded to by the lathe tool of digital control system order read step two respectively
Value and milling cutter correspond to Z axis offset, tool radius and its offset of knife number；
Step 4：The cutter compensation value that the lathe tool of reading is corresponded to knife number contrasts with the interval range set in main program；By milling
Knife tool radius is added to obtain effective radius value with cutter radius compensation value；
Step 5：Milling cutter Z axis offset, effective radius value are contrasted with the interval range set in main program；
Step 6：Main program provides prompting according to comparing result, if the interval range set in main program, operating personnel
The tool offset value or milling cutter radius value and tool offset value of lathe tool are corrected, if in the interval range set in main program, continuing to process；
Step 7：It is that knife mends anti-error subroutine module or the anti-error subprogram mould of boring-mill work by step 2~step 6 customizing functions
Block, and arrange the general calling title of a fixation, call and perform for main program described in step 1；
It is anti-error to knife value to comprise the following steps：
Step 1：It is determined that the convenient relative position relation with workpiece surface of identification, be set as the X-axis of lathe tool and Z axis prevent it is overdue,
And record its coordinate position, run to this prevent overdue when, point of a knife should with workpiece school knife face distance or surface of revolution bus distance for A or
Concordantly；It is determined that the convenient relative position relation with workpiece surface of identification, it is set as that the Z axis of milling cutter is prevented overdue, and records its seat
Cursor position, run to this prevent overdue when point of a knife should with workpiece school knife face distance be B；
Step 2：X, Z axis prevent the change of overdue position caused by lathe tool compensation knife benefit, i.e., are subtracted again in X, the anti-error point coordinates of Z axis
Actual tool offset value, offset influence of the actual knife benefit to the long school cutter position of knife；Z axis caused by milling cutter compensation Z axis knife benefit prevents overdue position
The change put, i.e., the anti-error point coordinates of Z axis is subtracted into actual Z axis tool offset value again, offset influence of the actual knife benefit to anti-overdue position；
Step 3：Lathe tool compensated by step 2 after coordinate run to X-axis or Z axis it is anti-it is overdue after suspend；Milling cutter knife
The tool knife from the outside of part, the position that level is moved to above the knife point of school, coordinate after the compensation as described in step 2 with safe altitude
Run to the anti-overdue rear pause of Z axis；
Step 4：Judge whether lathe tool or milling cutter point of a knife and workpiece school knife relation of plane are correct；
Step 5：Operating personnel decide to continue with processing or stop processing and search problem according to step 4 judged result.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, its
It is characterised by, tool offset value anti-error obtain determines that the factor that guarded knife mends the security interval of section and tool radius is synthesis in step 1
Feed path, allowance, dimensional tolerance, cutter rigidity and cutter structure.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, its
It is characterised by, determines that identification is easily knife with the factor of the relative position relation of workpiece surface in the step one anti-error to knife value
Point to direction.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, its
It is characterised by, to judge that Lathe tool tip is then correspondingly A with length with workpiece school knife face distance in the step four anti-error to knife value
School cutter block attempt to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face, if school cutter block can fill in and remaining gap is big or school cutter block
Can not fill in completely also, then illustrate the direction to knife mistake；If it is desired to judge concordantly, then easily pasted with school cutter block with part
The one side of conjunction attempts to be close to school knife face and point of a knife simultaneously, if school cutter block is adjacent to face and is in greatly very much with school knife face angle when contacting simultaneously
Heeling condition, then illustrate the direction to knife mistake.
5. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, its
It is characterised by, to judge that milling cutter point of a knife is correspondingly B's with length with workpiece school knife face distance in the step four anti-error to knife value
School cutter block is attempted to fill between point of a knife and workpiece school knife face, if school cutter block can fill in and remaining gap is big or school cutter block is complete
It can not fill in entirely, then explanation is to knife mistake.
6. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of prevent digital control processing to knife value and the method for cutter compensation value input error, its
It is characterised by, the position that part surplus can not be removed completely for a lathe tool feed, surplus is layered, every layer of establishment is once
Feed, movement of the upper strata terminal to lower floor's starting point, cyclic process are realized using procedure auto-control between every layer.
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| CN109459978A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-12 | 西安昆仑工业（集团）有限责任公司 | The numerical-control processing method of knife is prevented in a kind of precipitous deep-small hole processing of open complexity |
| CN110488760A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-22 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | It is automatically entered in a kind of machine of Cutters In Mc length compensation and error-preventing method |
| CN110806725A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-18 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method and device for processing tensile sample |
| CN111077845A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-28 | 维嘉数控科技（苏州）有限公司 | Tool error compensation method and device and computer equipment |
| CN116890263A (en) * | 2023-09-04 | 2023-10-17 | 山东豪迈数控机床有限公司 | Tool setting method and device of numerical control machine tool, controller and numerical control machine tool |
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