CN107544094B - A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge - Google Patents

A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107544094B
CN107544094B CN201710500895.9A CN201710500895A CN107544094B CN 107544094 B CN107544094 B CN 107544094B CN 201710500895 A CN201710500895 A CN 201710500895A CN 107544094 B CN107544094 B CN 107544094B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
site
pollution
electromagnetic induction
soil
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710500895.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107544094A (en
Inventor
陈小华
沈根祥
郭春霞
胡双庆
钱晓雍
王振旗
汤正泽
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences
Original Assignee
Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences filed Critical Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences
Priority to CN201710500895.9A priority Critical patent/CN107544094B/en
Publication of CN107544094A publication Critical patent/CN107544094A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107544094B publication Critical patent/CN107544094B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法。它包括(1)场地现场踏勘(2)背景区选取(3)测点布置或移动路径安排(4)现场探测实施(5)探测数据的处理(6)图形绘制(7)布点及采样分析验证(8)场地全覆盖的污染分级分区。本发明将频率域电磁感应仪应用于场地污染环境调查中,具有非接触式、反应快速、高温稳定性和标定精确性等技术优势,可实现对场地全覆盖、快速高效的污染监测,可完成正式开展土壤污染详查的前期快速筛查工作,是传统土壤污染调查技术方法的重要补充,有望彻底解决现有监测方法体系所存在的布点密度稀疏、效率低、成本高、容易遗漏污染死角等问题,有效整合优化土壤环境质量监测点位。

The invention discloses a rapid screening method for site full coverage pollution based on a frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument. It includes (1) site survey (2) background area selection (3) measurement point arrangement or moving path arrangement (4) on-site detection implementation (5) detection data processing (6) graphic drawing (7) point layout and sampling analysis verification (8) The pollution grading and zoning with full coverage of the site. The invention applies the frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument to the site pollution environment survey, has the technical advantages of non-contact, fast response, high temperature stability, calibration accuracy, etc., can realize the full coverage of the site, rapid and efficient pollution monitoring, and Formally carrying out the preliminary rapid screening of soil pollution survey is an important supplement to traditional soil pollution survey techniques and methods. problems, and effectively integrate and optimize soil environmental quality monitoring sites.

Description

A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental monitoring technology fields, are related to a kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method, especially relate to And quick screening method is polluted in a kind of place all standing based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge.
Background technique
National " Soil Pollution Control action plan " requires to carry out soil environment quality investigation in a deep going way;In existing correlation study On the basis of, attached most importance to farming land and key industry enterprise land used, carries out soil pollution situation detailed survey;Establish soil environment quality Situation periodic investigation system is carried out 1 time for every 10 years.Existing place soil environmental survey Specifications of Monitoring Technology or directive/guide are generally more Method (lattice method) is layouted using system and expert judgments are layouted method." construction land soil environment investigation and assessment technical stipulation " Regulation is in the probe stage, and according to the hot spot Polluted area of pollution identification and preliminary investigation screening, soil sampling point digit is every 400m2(20m × 20m) is no less than 1, the every 1600m in other regions2(40m × 40m) is no less than 1." Shanghai City space enrironment tune Look into technical specification (tentative) " propose that the preliminary investigation stage layouts by the grid of 40m × 40m, probe stage size of mesh opening is not Greater than 20m × 20m.The point arrangement precision of farming land soil investigation is lower, national " farming land soil pollution situation detailed survey point Lay technical stipulation " propose that farming land detailed survey should carry out controlling using gridding method and layout, according to possible pollution level grid ruler It is very little to change from 250m × 250m to 1000m × 1000m.Place Investigation of Soil Pollution under conventional mesh points distributing method has obvious Drawback, specific as follows:
(1) the contaminated sites investigation based on lattice method, only obtains the pollution condition on " point ", can only be with " point Exceeding standard rate " description soil pollution situation roughly, and be difficult to derive the pollution condition on " face ", soil pollution face can not be provided Product, this is unfavorable for implementing effective risk management and control to contaminated sites.
(2) existing investigation method is easy to omit points of contamination or region, not applicable to the redevelopment target in some places, than Such as Mine Abandoned Land is reclaimed as farming land, the inefficient construction land minimizing in city (reclaiming agricultural).Mine Abandoned Land and inefficient Construction land reclaims into farming land, is related to agricultural product edible safety, requires soil environment quality very high place before reclaiming Environmental survey cannot omit contaminated area or point.There is asking for blindness " layouting " in existing place Investigation of Soil Pollution technology or specification Topic tends to omit contaminated area, threatens Crop securify.
More effectively to meet contaminated sites investigation and the requirement of risk management and control, need to specialize in that building is a set of covers entirely Lid, efficiently, low cost contaminated sites investigation and monitoring method, introduce be suitble to place " all standing " pollution investigation geophysics without Detection Techniques are damaged, rationalization guidance is provided for drilling point arrangement, is quickly checked for contaminated sites, classified zoning provides technology branch Support.
Frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge (Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Induction) is a kind of non- The stratum physical prospecting equipment of contact, for rapid evaluation soil conductivity (inverse of resistivity) and (the similar magnetization of same-phase value Rate), earliest for prospecting, after be also used for the detection such as geologic structure and civil engineering, underground reservoir, archaeology, pipeline.Frequency domain The measuring principle of electromagnetic induction instrument is the sine wave for issuing certain frequency to the ground by being fixed on instrument one end " transmitting coil " Magnetic field, the primary induced by magnetic field go out the electric current in stratum;Induced current generates secondary electromagnetic field, by being fixed on the instrument other end " receiving coil " is received, and records the intensity of secondary magnetic field.It is inclined by comparing the phase between primary magnetic field and secondary magnetic field Shifting/retardation, to calculate the electric conductivity of stratum soil or substance.Secondary magnetic field signal may be logically divided into in-phase component (with it is primary Magnetic field has same-phase) and quadrature component (being mutually perpendicular to in-phase component, i.e. 90 ° of phase phase difference).When stratum soil/substance electricity When conductance increases, phase retardation be will increase.In brief, when electric conductivity increases, quadrature component is accordingly reduced, in-phase component phase It should increase.
The available brand of frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge and model have very much, such as: the EM31- of Canadian Geonics company Mk2,EM31-Sh,EM31-multi,EM34-3,EM34-3XL.,EM38DD;The DUALEM of Canadian Dualem Inc. company 1,1s, 2,2s, 4,4s, 2/4,2+4s, 1+2+4s etc. series of products;The Max-Min of Canadian Apex Parametrics company Series of products.The GEM-2 of Geophex company of the U.S., GEM-3 etc. series of products;The Profiler of GSSI company of the U.S. EMP400;The MiniEM of L&R Instruments company of the U.S..CM-031, CM- of GF Instruments company of Czech production 032, the series of products such as CM-138, CMD-2, CMD-4, CMD-6, CMD-explorer.French IRIS Instruments company PROMIS-10.The DT Barlow FEM-8System of South Africa Red Dog instrument company.
Summary of the invention
Of the invention is: provide it is a kind of by frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge be applied to contaminated sites environmental survey in based on Quick screening method is polluted in the place all standing of frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Quick screening method is polluted in a kind of place all standing based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge of the present invention, specifically by following Step is implemented:
(1) place reconnaissance trip
The basic condition in target place is made an on-the-spot survey on the spot first, tentatively grasp site topography, hydrogeology, soil matter Ground, sunken tank, underground utilities distribution and Geophysical Condition.It is set in addition, tentatively understanding production in place by reconnaissance trip It applies layout, identifies high pollution potentiality area, so that delimit the detection of electromagnetic induction instrument pay close attention to region.Fully consider the water in place Literary geology and pollution type, and according to the antenna frequencies and instrument parameter of detection purpose adjustment frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge.
(2) background area is chosen
Background area is chosen on target place periphery, the control blank area as measurement.The requirement of background area selecting technology: it leaves the theatre There is appropriately distance on ground, and boundary's distance of usually leaving the theatre is greater than 1km, avoids the influence migrated by object contaminated sites;Hydrogeology Condition and target place are consistent as far as possible;Soil layer construction is substantially complete;Generally select nonirrigated farmland, forest land, cement flooring of relatively dry etc.; In the air without interfering objects such as cable, high-tension bus-bars.
(3) point layout or movement routine arrangement
According to reconnaissance trip as a result, reasonable Arrangement fixed point measures site density or movement routine;If using fixed point amount Survey mode then can plan that grid, sizing grid change with the measuring staff length of electromagnetic induction instrument in advance at the scene, and measuring staff is shorter, Then size of mesh opening is smaller, and sizing grid should be in 10m × 10m or less, to guarantee that place all standing measures;Typically, for emphasis Region, including workshop, waste dump point, raw material silo, sewage diposal area etc., using higher cloth dot density (5m × 5m Below);For non-key area, including Office Area, residential area etc., using lower cloth dot density (10m × 10m or less);Such as Fruit uses continuous moving mensuration, then the movement speed of on-site test is constant as far as possible, guarantees that the interval of measurement point is impartial;Background area Cloth dot density is not required, but to meet statistics needs, measuring point sum should be greater than 30.
(4) in-situ measurement is implemented
For the measuring point or movement routine of planning arrangement, scene can allow accurate global positioning system according to actual needs (differential GPS) is continuously measured, also can single-point type fixed point measurement.According to place hydrogeological characteristics and mainly pollute class Type, depth select different mode determinations (the corresponding different frequency for emitting primary electromagnetic wave), corresponding different investigation depth. Heavy metal pollution (general pollution depth is shallower) type place, ordinary priority select " high frequency " mode, organic contamination type place (especially heavy nonaqueous phase liquid) more options " low frequency " mode.The mode determination of background area should be with the measurement mould in target place Formula wants completely the same.
Frequency of use domain electromagnetic induction instrument carries out in-situ measurement: instrument generates in earth's surface transmitting frequency-changing AC electricity and changes magnetic , two class data are acquired in real time, and one kind is stratum soil conductivity degree i.e. conductivity (unit mS/cm), and another kind of is by magnetic susceptibility The same-phase value (unit ppt) of decision.Monitoring personnel should forbid carrying tool radiated electromagnetic wave device (mobile phone, intercom Deng), and pay attention to the variation of measured value amount, and recording exceptional measured value area field conditions at any time when measuring, if carried out by the interference of scene, It should be rejected in the analysis stage.
(5) processing of detection data
All determination datas (containing background area and place) are transmitted to computer, data format by dedicated data line or USB flash disk Binary system (.bin) or ascii text file (.txt or .dat) may be selected.
All determination datas of background area (blank district) are averaged.The dispersion of background area data should be lower than one Fixed level, the coefficient of variation (standard deviation/average value) of conductivity value are generally less than 10%, the coefficient of variation of same-phase value numerical value (standard deviation/average value) is less than 15%.
Data normalization processing: by all determination datas (conductivity value and same-phase value) in target place divided by background area The average value of corresponding data.
(6) graphic plotting
By after normalized formation conductivity data and same-phase Value Data, import mapping software (surfer, Arcgis etc.), and the interpolation method carried using software, form the soil conductivity of place all standing and the plane of same-phase value Distribution map.In software by adjusting ratio data ruler, Grading And Zoning is carried out to place, includes (the doubtful pollution of abnormal signal area Area) and normal area (relative clean area).According to the characteristic of common soil pollution (including heavy metal pollution, organic contamination etc.), electricity The relatively high value area of conductance and same-phase value, relative low value area or negative value area are commonly defined as (the doubtful pollution of abnormal signal area Area).The measurement result of different mode determinations (being directed to different depth) is individually drawn into flat hierarchy figure, can not only determine soil The plan-position of pollution can also judge the possibility distributed depth of soil pollution.
(7) it layouts and sampling analysis is verified
In front on the basis of electromagnetic induction instrument image analysis result, for all " the abnormal signal areas " of image reflection It layouts in the centre of (doubtful contaminated area).A small amount of point should be also arranged at random in the non-exceptions area of signal (relative clean area) (at least one).
Soil and groundwater sample is acquired in all points, pollute quickly sieve using portable instrument at the scene and surveys, or Take back laboratory testing analysis.Verifying will be compared with the detection result of electromagnetic induction instrument in Measurement results.
(8) the pollution classification subregion of place all standing
Measurement results based on electromagnetic induction instrument all standing detection result and drill hole sampling, in conductivity subregion plane The different pollution level regional edges such as " serious pollution area ", " intermediate pollution area ", " slight pollution area ", " clear area " are sketched the contours of on figure Boundary, and " contaminated area " or " area exceeding standard rate " can be calculated according to this.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention for the first time applies frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge in contaminated sites environmental survey, due to non-contact The technical advantages such as formula, rapid reaction, high-temperature stability and calibration accuracy, frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge can be realized covers place entirely Lid, pollution monitoring rapidly and efficiently can be used as the formal rapid screening early period work for carrying out soil pollution detailed survey, be conventional soil The important supplement of pollution surveys technical method, be expected to thoroughly to solve cloth dot density present in existing monitoring method system it is sparse, It is low efficiency, at high cost, and it is easy the problems such as omitting pollution dead angle, effectively integrate optimization soil environment quality monitoring site.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has great advantage in following several respects tool:
1) measurement in place " all standing " (face) is realized
" point can only be used in analysis contaminated sites situation for place conventional survey monitoring method (lattice method etc.) Exceeding standard rate ", be easy omit contaminated area the problem of, frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge as a set of contactless physical prospecting equipment, it can be achieved that Contaminated sites potentiality situation is presented from the angle in " face " in place all standing lossless detection (scanning), and to calculate place, " area is exceeded Rate " (rather than " point exceeding standard rate ") provides a kind of technology possibility, is conducive to the risk management and control work that whole audience ground is carried out from " face ". Judge to pollute distribution situation by the conductivity and same-phase value value of stratum soil or substance.
2) to the quick subregion of contaminated sites potentiality
Frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge has rapid reaction (time of measuring is 0.1-20 seconds adjustable), easily operated, quick letter Just, with 10~20 kilometers of the daily moveable measurement of walking speed of distance, achievable 2000 to 3000 square meter place or 1 per hour It completes the rapid screening in 20~30 mu of places.On-site data processing, analysis and drawing can be achieved, to the pollution potential on whole audience ground It realizes quick subregion, distinguishes relative clean area and doubtful contaminated area, accurately instruct subsequent drill hole sampling to layout work, and have in time Effect instructs the work such as demolishing buildings, consolidation, reparation, safe utilization, the risk management and control in place.
3) information collection of more depth can be achieved at the same time
By changing the frequency of transmitting electromagnetic wave, measured data can be used for the conductivity of one or several depth layers Imaging.The different probe test datas in same position region are compared, the position of soil pollution can be not only determined, may be used also To judge the depth of soil pollution.The vertical characteristics and possible pollution depth for judging pollution, instruct drill hole sampling depth.
4) stability is high (adapting to all kinds of complex sites)
Frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge has high-temperature stability (temperature stability be better than 0.1mS/m/ DEG C), using avoiding electromagnetism The high impedance design of noise, it is dry have ice and snow or there is armored concrete to cover various complex sites under the conditions of carry out it is real When the advantages of measuring.Instrument uses biggish impedance in terms of Electronic Design, for shielding the electromagnetic noise in industrial source.
5) cost is controlled
Frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge is as contactless lossless detection technology, and cost is relatively low for one-time investment, later maintenance It is required that very low.The case where findding out place soil pollution in a very short period of time, and targetedly propose that drilling point arrangement is suggested, It reduces drilling, sampling and sample test and analyzes workload, effectively control the overall cost of contaminated sites investigation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electromagnetic induction instrument (EMI) the place all standing detection result in certain electroplating enterprise place in the embodiment of the present invention 1 And suggestion (normalized conductivity map) is accurately layouted in drill hole sampling
Fig. 2 is electromagnetic induction instrument (EMI) the place all standing detection result in certain electroplating enterprise place in the embodiment of the present invention 1 And suggestion (normalized same-phase figure) is accurately layouted in drill hole sampling;
Fig. 3 is the pollution block plan in certain electroplating enterprise place in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is electromagnetic induction instrument (EMI) the place all standing detection in certain organic chemical industry enterprise place in the embodiment of the present invention 2 As a result and suggestion (normalized conductivity map) is accurately layouted in drill hole sampling;
Fig. 5 is electromagnetic induction instrument (EMI) the place all standing detection in certain organic chemical industry enterprise place in the embodiment of the present invention 2 As a result and suggestion (normalized same-phase figure) is accurately layouted in drill hole sampling;
Fig. 6 is the pollution block plan in certain organic chemical industry enterprise place in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The Soil Environmental Pollution in certain electroplate factory's heavy metal pollution place is investigated
The electroplate factory is located at Shanghai Suburb, and about 24 mu of occupied area, the plating production history for being engaged in metal fittings has closely 30 years, electroplated product is provided for auto part making plant, is related to copper facing, nickel, zinc, chromium.Entire plant area stops production within 2012, part workshop Lease to the small enterprises such as glass-cutting processing, plastic particle processing, papery salvage collection.During site investigation works, workshop is not It removes, concrete floor is complete, and the operations such as glass-cutting, plastic particle processing are still being engaged in part workshop.
Following site investigation work is sequentially completed by step:
(1) place all standing rapid screening
The CMD-4 frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge produced using GF Instruments company of Czech, it is hundreds of on the south place One piece of nonirrigated farmland is had chosen as regional background area other than rice, is determined the soil conductivity characteristic of background area, is determined 30 in total Point, conductivity average value are 40, standard deviation 3.8, the coefficient of variation 9.5%, and same-phase value average value is 6.8, standard deviation It is 0.6, the coefficient of variation 8.8%, background data is in normal distribution, and dispersion is low.
For contaminated site, the soil conductivity characteristic of place all standing is implemented using CMD-4 frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge (acquisition conductivity and same-phase Value Data) detection, using single point assay method, sizing grid be 10m × 10m (the long 3m of measuring staff, Basic all standing).The characteristics of shallower (big to deep soil diffusion difficulty) according to heavy metal pollution depth, select low mode (high Frequency shallow-layer mode), more than 200 dot array datas are determined altogether, and all data in place are normalized (divided by background area Average value), data export carries out kriging analysis to data using Surfer Become the picture software (version 12.0), forms conductivity Floor plan (see Fig. 1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 etc. in Fig. 1 be the conductivity isopleth numerical value after normalization) (see Fig. 2,3,8,13,18,23,28,33,38 etc. in Fig. 2 be the same-phase after normalization with same-phase value floor plan It is worth isopleth numerical value).
(2) drill hole sampling point is arranged
According to the conductivity of electromagnetic induction instrument and same-phase value measurement result and floor plan, accurate recommendation drill hole sampling Point, the point that the two is recommended are coincide substantially, totally 8 drill hole sampling points, wherein being 1., 2., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8. different Normal area (doubtful contaminated area), 3. number " control point " to be randomly selected in relative clean area.
(3) drill hole sampling and test analysis
Drill hole sampling is carried out in all points, 4~5 meters of mean depth, generally presses surface layer, unsaturation band, saturated zone Three layers respectively take a soil sample, and build the interim well of underground water, acquire sampling of ground water.Using hand-held X-ray fluorescence spectrometer Rapid screening is carried out to sample, send contaminated samples to third party testing agency test analysis.
(4) test data analysis
1. number, 2. number, 4. number and 6. number point, soil do not detect to pollute with underground water, illustrate this electromagnetism sense at 4 The exception information that Ying Yi is determined may be caused by stacking object interference as physical subsurface structure and ground metal, and non-chemical dirt Contaminate substance.It does not detect to pollute with underground water in the soil of 3. number point (" control point ").5. number, 7. number and 8. a number point exists Heavy metal pollution, main contamination index are nickel, chromium, copper, wherein nickel content is more than arable soil environmental quality standards, 8. number point Nickel concentration is not up to III class standard of Groundwater Environmental Quality standard in underground water.
(5) pollution block plan is sketched the contours
The conductivity flat distribution map (classification line) and sampling and testing of comprehensive electromagnetic inductance gauge are analyzed as a result, appearance can be sketched the contours The contaminated area (see the pollution block plan of Fig. 3) on ground, and contaminated area is calculated, the contaminated area of the place heavy metal is total close to place The 33% of area.
Embodiment 2
The Soil Environmental Pollution in certain chemical plant organic contamination place is investigated
The chemical plant is located at Shanghai Suburb, and about 25 mu of occupied area.Factory operation is in extensive range, and Main Management chemical industry helps Agent, coating, Chemical Solvents, benzyl chloride, trimethoxy aldehyde benzaldehyde, reagent (except specially control), industrial alcohol, bubble power water, electric mechanical switch, steel Wooden furniture, by hand woollen yarn knitting product, knitwear etc..It founds the factory the date 1991, place in 2016 completes to pull down.Before site investigation is implemented, All buildings and terrace have dismounting in place, and building waste is cleared completely, and soil has also been made smooth.The history of plant area provides Expect unknown, and when reconnaissance trip, can not differentiate the original plane figure of plant area.
Following site investigation work is sequentially completed by step:
(1) place all standing rapid screening
The CMD-4 electromagnetic induction instrument produced using GF Instruments company of Czech is selected other than 2 kilometers to the north of place It has taken two pieces of nonirrigated farmlands as regional background area, has determined the soil conductivity characteristic of background area, determined 135 points in total, electricity Conductance average value is 72.6, standard deviation 5.9, the coefficient of variation 8.1%, and same-phase value average value is 6.8, and standard deviation 0.8 becomes Different coefficient is 12.6%, and background data is in normal distribution, and dispersion is low.
For contaminated site, soil conductivity characteristic (the acquisition electricity of place all standing is implemented using CMD-4 electromagnetic induction instrument Conductance and same-phase Value Data) detection, using single point assay method, sizing grid is that (the long 3m of measuring staff, covers 10m × 10m entirely substantially Lid).It is easy the characteristics of spreading to deep layer according to organic contamination leakage in place, High mode (low frequency deep layer mode) is selected to survey altogether Determine 360 dot array datas, all data in place have been normalized (divided by the average value of background area), data export, Kriging analysis is carried out to data using Surfer Become the picture software (version 12.0), formed conductivity (see Fig. 4, in Fig. 41, 1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5,4,4.5,5 etc. be normalization after conductivity isopleth numerical value) and same-phase value horizontal layout Figure (see Fig. 5,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 etc. in Fig. 5 be the same-phase value isopleth numerical value after normalization).
(2) drill hole sampling point is arranged
The plane distribution situation of the soil conductivity and same-phase value that are measured according to electromagnetic induction instrument, accurate recommendation place 1. drill hole sampling point is accurately layouted to the drill hole sampling that the conductance measurement result for 5. number belonging to electromagnetic induction instrument is inferred, 1., 2., 4. it is wherein conductivity and what same-phase value measurement result was recommended jointly layouts;6. number being that same-phase value measurement result is only The vertical drill hole sampling inferred is layouted;7. number to randomly select in relative clean area " control point ".
(3) drill hole sampling and test analysis
Drill hole sampling is carried out in all points, 4~5 meters of mean depth, generally presses surface layer, unsaturation band, saturated zone Three layers respectively take a soil sample, and build the interim well of underground water, acquire sampling of ground water.According to the quick of portable photo-ionization detector Screening situation send contaminated samples to third party testing agency test analysis.
(4) test data analysis
Measurement results show the main contamination index in the place be total petroleum hydrocarbon, benzene homologues (ethylbenzene, phenol etc.) and Heavy metal Mn.According to overseas research, organic contaminants in soil may cause on the conductivity value of soil in degradation process It rises.1.~5. there are different degrees of organic contaminations for number point.Pollution by again to light sequence be 1. > 2. > 3. > 4. > 5., 6. number with 7. number point (control point) soil and underground water are not affected by pollution.
The total petroleum hydrocarbons content of middle part soil (deep 0~2m) is more than farming land standard more than 1 times, slightly hypersensitization land used screening Value.Soil ethyl-benzene level in the middle part of plant area reaches 141mg/kg, is more than 20 times of this city sensitivity land used screening value (6.8).1. number The underground water Mn content of point is higher by more than 20 times of III class standard of groundwater quality standard (0.1mg/L).Field based on electromagnetic induction method All standing pollution rapid screening in ground is shown with sample test result of laboratory test, from the past east in west, the soil/underground water pollution journey in place Degree gradually mitigates, and 2. the Organic Contamination of Groundwater of number point is most heavy, and 2. the underground water total petroleum hydrocarbon of number point and phenol concentration are super 10~20 times for crossing agricultural irrigation water standard and groundwater quality standard.
(5) whole audience ground contamination subregion is sketched the contours
The conductivity flat distribution map (classification line) and sampling and testing of comprehensive electromagnetic inductance gauge are analyzed as a result, appearance can be sketched the contours The contaminated area (see the pollution block plan of Fig. 6) on ground, and contaminated area is calculated, wherein serious pollution area accounts for the 39% of the gross area, Light intermediate pollution accounts for about 12%, and pollution-free area (clear area) accounts for 49%.

Claims (10)

1.一种基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,具体按以下步骤进行:1. a kind of site full coverage pollution rapid screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument, is characterized in that, is specifically carried out according to the following steps: (1)场地现场踏勘(1) Site survey on site 首先对目标场地的基本情况进行实地踏勘,初步掌握场地地形、水文地质、土壤质地、地下储罐、地下管线分布和地球物理条件;此外,通过现场踏勘初步了解场地内生产设施布局,识别高污染潜势区,以便划定电磁感应仪探测的重点关注区域;充分考虑场地的水文地质以及污染类型,并根据探测目的调整频率域电磁感应仪的天线频率以及仪器参数;First, conduct a field survey on the basic situation of the target site, and initially master the site topography, hydrogeology, soil texture, underground storage tanks, underground pipeline distribution and geophysical conditions; Potential area, in order to delineate the focus area of electromagnetic induction instrument detection; fully consider the hydrogeology of the site and the type of pollution, and adjust the antenna frequency and instrument parameters of the frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument according to the detection purpose; (2)背景区选取(2) Selection of background area 在目标场地周边选取背景区,作为测量的对照空白区;背景区选取技术要求:离场地有适当的距离,避免受到对象场地污染迁移的影响;水文地质条件与目标场地尽量一致;土层结构基本完整;空中无电缆、高压电线之类的干扰物体;Select a background area around the target site as a blank area for measurement; technical requirements for the selection of the background area: an appropriate distance from the site to avoid the impact of pollution migration of the target site; hydrogeological conditions are as consistent as possible with the target site; soil structure Basically complete; there are no interfering objects such as cables and high-voltage wires in the air; (3)测点布置或移动路径安排(3) Measuring point arrangement or moving path arrangement 根据现场踏勘的结果,合理布置定点量测测点密度或移动路径;如果采用定点量测方式,则提前在现场规划网格,网格大小随电磁感应仪的测杆长度而变化,测杆越短,则网格尺寸越小,网格大小应在10m×10m以下,以保证场地全覆盖测定;如果采用连续移动测量法,则现场检测的移动速度尽量恒定,保证测量点的间隔均等;背景区对布点密度不作要求,但为满足统计需要,测点总数应大于30个;According to the results of the on-site survey, reasonably arrange the fixed-point measurement point density or moving path; if the fixed-point measurement method is adopted, plan the grid on the site in advance. The grid size changes with the length of the measuring rod of the electromagnetic induction instrument. Shorter, the smaller the grid size, the grid size should be less than 10m × 10m to ensure full coverage of the site; if the continuous moving measurement method is used, the moving speed of the on-site detection should be as constant as possible to ensure equal intervals between the measurement points; background The area does not require the density of points, but in order to meet the statistical needs, the total number of measuring points should be greater than 30; (4)现场探测实施(4) On-site detection implementation 针对规划布置的测点或移动路径,根据实际需要,现场搭配精密的全球定位系统进行连续量测,或采用单点式定点量测;依据场地的水文地质特征及主要污染类型、深度,选择不同的测定模式,对应发射原生电磁波的不同频率,对应不同的探测深度;在背景区的测定模式与目标场地的测定模式要完全一致;For the planned measuring points or moving paths, according to actual needs, the precise global positioning system is used for continuous measurement on site, or single-point fixed-point measurement is used; according to the hydrogeological characteristics of the site and the main pollution types and depths, different The measurement mode corresponding to the different frequencies of the emitted primary electromagnetic waves, corresponding to different detection depths; the measurement mode in the background area should be exactly the same as the measurement mode at the target site; 使用频率域电磁感应仪进行现场探测:仪器在地表发射变频交流电,产生变动磁场,实时采集两类数据,一类是地层土壤导电度即电导率,另一类是由磁化率决定的同相位值;监测人员应禁止随身携带具放射性电磁波设备包括手机、对讲机,并于量测时随时注意测量值的变化,并记录异常测值区现场状况,若为现场干扰所为,应于资料分析阶段剔除;Use frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument for on-site detection: the instrument emits variable frequency alternating current on the surface, generates a variable magnetic field, and collects two types of data in real time, one is the conductivity of the formation soil, that is, the conductivity, and the other is the same-phase value determined by the magnetic susceptibility. ; Monitoring personnel should prohibit carrying radioactive electromagnetic wave equipment, including mobile phones and walkie-talkies, and pay attention to changes in measured values at any time during measurement, and record the on-site conditions of abnormal measurement areas. If it is caused by on-site interference, it should be eliminated in the data analysis stage. ; (5)探测数据的处理(5) Processing of detection data 通过专用数据线或U盘将所有测定数据,包括背景区和场地的测定数据,传输至电脑;Transfer all measurement data, including background area and site measurement data, to the computer through a dedicated data cable or U disk; 将背景区即空白对照区的所有测定数据求平均值;背景区数据的离散度应低于一定水平,电导率值的变异系数或标准差/平均值小于10%,同相位值数值的变异系数或标准差/平均值小于15%;Calculate the average value of all measured data in the background area, that is, the blank control area; the dispersion of the data in the background area should be lower than a certain level, the coefficient of variation or standard deviation/mean value of the conductivity value is less than 10%, and the coefficient of variation of the value of the same phase value. or the standard deviation/mean is less than 15%; 数据归一化处理:将目标场地的所有测定数据,包括电导率值和同相位值,除以背景区对应数据的平均值;Data normalization processing: Divide all the measured data of the target site, including the conductivity value and the in-phase value, by the average value of the corresponding data in the background area; (6)图形绘制(6) Graphic drawing 将经过归一化处理后的地层电导率数据与同相位值数据,导入绘图软件,并使用软件自带的插值方法,形成场地全覆盖的土壤电导率与同相位值的平面分布图;在软件中通过调整数据比例尺,对场地进行分级分区,包含信号异常区即疑似污染区和正常区即相对清洁区;根据常见土壤污染包括重金属污染或有机污染的特性,将电导率和同相位值的相对高值区、相对低值区或负值区定义为信号异常区即疑似污染区;将针对不同深度的不同测定模式的测定结果单独绘制平面分级图,不但可以确定土壤污染的平面位置,还可以判断出土壤污染的可能分布深度;Import the normalized formation conductivity data and co-phase value data into the drawing software, and use the interpolation method that comes with the software to form a plane distribution map of soil conductivity and co-phase value for the full coverage of the site; in the software According to the characteristics of common soil pollution, including heavy metal pollution or organic pollution, the relative value of conductivity and the same phase value are compared. High-value area, relatively low-value area or negative value area are defined as abnormal signal areas, that is, suspected pollution areas; the measurement results of different measurement modes at different depths are drawn separately on a plane grading map, which can not only determine the plane position of soil pollution, but also can Determine the possible distribution depth of soil pollution; (7)布点及采样分析验证(7) Layout and sampling analysis and verification 在前面电磁感应仪图像分析结果的基础上,针对图像反映的所有“信号异常区”即疑似污染区的中心部位进行布点;在信号非异常区即相对清洁区也随机布置少量点位,至少1个;On the basis of the image analysis results of the previous electromagnetic induction instrument, points are arranged for all the "signal abnormal areas" reflected by the images, that is, the central part of the suspected contaminated area; in the signal non-abnormal area, that is, the relatively clean area, a small number of points are randomly arranged, at least 1 indivual; 在所有点位采集土壤和地下水样品,在现场使用便携仪器进行污染快速筛测,或带回实验室测试分析;将测试分析结果与电磁感应仪的探测结果进行比对验证;Collect soil and groundwater samples at all points, use portable instruments for rapid pollution screening on site, or bring them back to the laboratory for testing and analysis; compare and verify the test and analysis results with the detection results of the electromagnetic induction instrument; (8)场地全覆盖的污染分级分区(8) Pollution grading and zoning with full coverage of the site 基于电磁感应仪全覆盖探测结果及钻孔取样的测试分析结果,在电导率分区平面图上勾勒出不同污染程度区域边界,并依此计算“污染面积”或“面积超标率”。Based on the full-coverage detection results of the electromagnetic induction instrument and the test and analysis results of borehole sampling, the boundaries of regions with different pollution levels are outlined on the conductivity partition plan, and the "pollution area" or "area exceeding rate" is calculated accordingly. 2.如权利要求1所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,频率域电磁感应仪的测量时间为0.1—20秒可调,以步行速度每天移动测量10~20公里的距离,每小时完成2000至3000平米场地或1天完成20~30亩场地的快速筛查。2. The full coverage pollution rapid screening method based on a frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measurement time of the frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument is adjustable for 0.1-20 seconds, and moves at a walking speed every day Measure the distance of 10 to 20 kilometers, and complete the rapid screening of 2000 to 3000 square meters of land per hour or 20 to 30 acres of land in one day. 3.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,背景区选相对干燥的旱地、林地或水泥地面。3. The rapid screening method for full-coverage pollution of a site based on a frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in step (2), relatively dry dry land, woodland or cement ground is selected as the background area. 4.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,对于重点区域,包括生产车间、废物堆放点、原料仓库、污水处理区,采用较高的布点密度5m×5m以下;对于非重点区域,包括办公区、居住区,采用较低的布点密度10m×10m以下。4. the site full coverage pollution rapid screening method based on the frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, in step (3), for key areas, including production workshop, waste stacking point, raw material For warehouses and sewage treatment areas, a higher density of 5m × 5m shall be adopted; for non-key areas, including office areas and residential areas, a lower density of 10m × 10m shall be adopted. 5.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,所述精密的全球定位系统为差分GPS定位系统;对污染深度较浅的重金属污染类型场地,选择“高频”模式;对有机污染类型场地,选择“低频”模式。5. the site full coverage pollution rapid screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, in step (4), described precise global positioning system is differential GPS positioning system; For the heavy metal pollution type sites with shallow pollution depth, select the "high frequency" mode; for the organic pollution type sites, select the "low frequency" mode. 6.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,步骤(8)中,所述的不同污染程度区域包括“重度污染区”、“中度污染区”、“轻度污染区”、“清洁区”。6. The rapid screening method for full-coverage pollution of a site based on a frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (8), the areas with different pollution degrees include "heavy pollution areas" , "moderately polluted area", "lightly polluted area", "clean area". 7.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,7. The site full coverage pollution rapid screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, 重金属污染场地的土壤环境污染调查,按以下步骤依次完成场地调查工作:(1)场地全覆盖快速筛查For the soil environmental pollution investigation of heavy metal contaminated sites, complete the site investigation according to the following steps: (1) Rapid screening of full coverage of the site 使用CMD-4频率域电磁感应仪,在场地以南数百米以外选取了一块旱地作为区域背景区,测定背景区的土壤电导特性,总共测定的点位数大于30个;Using the CMD-4 frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument, a dry land was selected hundreds of meters south of the site as the regional background area, and the soil conductivity characteristics of the background area were measured, and the total number of points measured was more than 30; 针对污染场地,使用CMD-4频率域电磁感应仪实施场地全覆盖的土壤电导特性探测,使用单点测定方法,网格大小在10m×10m以下,基本全覆盖;根据重金属污染深度较浅,向深层土壤扩散难度大的特点,选择low模式即高频浅层模式,测定若干个点阵数据,将场地内的所有数据进行归一化,数据导出,使用Surfer成图软件对数据进行克里格插值,形成电导率和同相位值的平面布置图;For the polluted site, the CMD-4 frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument is used to detect the soil conductivity characteristics of the full coverage of the site. The single-point measurement method is used. Due to the difficulty of deep soil diffusion, select the low mode, that is, the high-frequency shallow mode, measure several lattice data, normalize all the data in the site, export the data, and use the Surfer mapping software to perform kriging on the data. Interpolate to form a floorplan of conductivity and in-phase values; (2)钻孔取样点位布置(2) Layout of drilling sampling points 根据电磁感应仪的电导率和同相位值测定结果及平面布置图,精确推荐钻孔取样点位;According to the measurement results of the conductivity and the same phase value of the electromagnetic induction instrument and the floor plan, the drilling sampling point is accurately recommended; (3)钻孔取样及测试分析(3) Drilling sampling and test analysis 在所有的点位上进行钻孔取样,平均深度4~5米,按表层、非饱和带、饱和带三层各取一个土样,并建地下水临时井,采集地下水样;采用手持式X射线荧光光谱分析仪对样品进行快速筛查,将污染样品送第三方检测机构测试分析;Drill hole sampling at all points with an average depth of 4 to 5 meters. Take a soil sample from the surface layer, the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone, and build a temporary groundwater well to collect groundwater samples; hand-held X-rays are used. Fluorescence spectrum analyzer performs rapid screening of samples, and sends contaminated samples to third-party testing institutions for testing and analysis; (4)测试数据分析(4) Test data analysis 对土壤/地下水样品的实验室测试数据进行科学分析,判别污染程度;Scientific analysis of laboratory test data of soil/groundwater samples to determine the degree of pollution; (5)勾勒污染分区图(5) Outline the pollution zoning map 综合电磁感应仪的电导率平面分布图和取样测试分析结果,勾勒出场地的污染分区图,并计算污染面积。Based on the electrical conductivity plane distribution map of the electromagnetic induction instrument and the sampling test analysis results, the pollution zoning map of the site is outlined, and the pollution area is calculated. 8.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,8. The site full coverage pollution rapid screening method based on a frequency domain electromagnetic induction instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, 有机污染场地的土壤环境污染调查,按以下步骤依次完成场地调查工作:For soil environmental pollution investigations of organically polluted sites, complete site investigations in sequence according to the following steps: (1)场地全覆盖快速筛查(1) Rapid screening of full coverage of the venue 使用CMD-4电磁感应仪,在场地以北2公里以外选取两块旱地作为区域背景区,测定背景区的土壤电导特性,总共测定的点位数大于30个;Using the CMD-4 electromagnetic induction instrument, two drylands were selected as the regional background area 2 kilometers north of the site, and the soil conductivity characteristics of the background area were measured, and the total number of points measured was more than 30; 针对污染场地,使用CMD-4电磁感应仪实施场地全覆盖的土壤电导特性探测,使用单点测定方法,网格大小在10m×10m以下,基本全覆盖;根据场地内有机污染泄露容易向深层扩散的特点,选择High模式即低频深层模式,测定若干个点阵数据,将场地内的所有数据进行归一化,数据导出,使用Surfer成图软件对数据进行克里格插值,形成电导率和同相位值的平面布置图;For the polluted site, the CMD-4 electromagnetic induction instrument is used to detect the soil conductivity characteristics of the full coverage of the site. The single-point measurement method is used. Select the High mode, that is, the low-frequency deep mode, measure several lattice data, normalize all the data in the field, export the data, and use the Surfer mapping software to perform kriging interpolation on the data to form the conductivity and the same value. The floor plan of the phase values; (2)钻孔取样点位布置(2) Layout of drilling sampling points 根据电磁感应仪测定的土壤电导率和同相位值的平面分布情况,精确推荐场地的钻孔取样点位;According to the soil conductivity and the plane distribution of the same phase value measured by the electromagnetic induction meter, accurately recommend the drilling sampling point of the site; (3)钻孔取样及测试分析(3) Drilling sampling and test analysis 在所有的点位上进行钻孔取样,平均深度4~5米,按表层、非饱和带、饱和带三层各取一个土样,并建地下水临时井,采集地下水样;根据便携式光离子化检测器的快速筛查情况,将污染样品送第三方检测机构测试分析;Drill hole sampling at all points with an average depth of 4 to 5 meters. Take a soil sample from the surface layer, the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone, and build a temporary groundwater well to collect groundwater samples; The rapid screening of the detector, the contaminated samples will be sent to a third-party testing agency for testing and analysis; (4)测试数据分析(4) Analysis of test data 对土壤/地下水样品的实验室测试数据进行科学分析,判别污染程度;Scientific analysis of laboratory test data of soil/groundwater samples to determine the degree of pollution; (5)勾勒全场地污染分区(5) Outline the pollution zone of the whole site 综合电磁感应仪的电导率平面分布图和取样测试分析结果,勾勒出场地的污染分区图,并计算污染面积。Based on the electrical conductivity plane distribution map of the electromagnetic induction instrument and the results of sampling test analysis, the pollution zoning map of the site is outlined, and the pollution area is calculated. 9.如权利要求1或2所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,背景区选取技术要求:离场界距离大于1km。9. The rapid screening method for full coverage pollution of a site based on a frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in step (2), the technical requirement for selecting a background area is that the distance from the field boundary is greater than 1km. 10.如权利要求5所述的基于频率域电磁感应仪的场地全覆盖污染快速筛查方法,其特征在于,所述的有机污染类型场地是重质非水相液体污染类型场地。10 . The rapid screening method for site full coverage pollution based on a frequency-domain electromagnetic induction instrument according to claim 5 , wherein the organic pollution type site is a heavy non-aqueous phase liquid pollution type site. 11 .
CN201710500895.9A 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge Active CN107544094B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710500895.9A CN107544094B (en) 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710500895.9A CN107544094B (en) 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107544094A CN107544094A (en) 2018-01-05
CN107544094B true CN107544094B (en) 2019-01-11

Family

ID=60970320

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710500895.9A Active CN107544094B (en) 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107544094B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108205003A (en) * 2018-03-09 2018-06-26 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 Polluted Soil rapid detection method and its arrangement of measuring-line structure based on electromagnetic induction method
CN108287368A (en) * 2018-03-09 2018-07-17 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 Polluted Soil all standing detection method based on complex geophysical prospecting and its arrangement of measuring-line structure
CN110702875A (en) * 2019-09-12 2020-01-17 大连海事大学 Method for detecting illegal drug manufacturing pits based on soil monitoring technology
CN114166896B (en) * 2021-11-17 2023-07-18 长江水资源保护科学研究所 Method and system for rapid identification of heavy metal vanadium pollution zone in water
CN116499795B (en) * 2023-06-05 2024-05-07 姚生海 Rock and soil sampling drilling method
CN116700016B (en) * 2023-08-07 2023-09-29 北京建工环境修复股份有限公司 Management method and system for hexavalent chromium pollution site repair equipment

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5652519A (en) * 1994-01-13 1997-07-29 Jesse G. Robison Method and apparatus for measuring pollutants contaminating earth formation
CN101871972B (en) * 2010-06-13 2012-01-04 浙江大学 Method and device for measuring conductivity of soil profile
CN105301660A (en) * 2015-10-16 2016-02-03 上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司 Point type geophysical prospecting method for polluted soil identification
CN205389380U (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-07-27 石河子大学 Device is used to reclamation of salinep -alkali soil agent variable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107544094A (en) 2018-01-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107544094B (en) A kind of place all standing pollution quick screening method based on frequency domain electromagnetic inductance gauge
CN107544097B (en) A kind of soil pollution accurate positioning and accurate evaluation method based on geophysical probing technique
Diamanti et al. Concrete bridge deck deterioration assessment using ground penetrating radar (GPR)
CN113379261B (en) A technical method for risk management and control of soil and groundwater pollution in polluted sites
Puzyrev et al. Three-dimensional modeling of the casing effect in onshore controlled-source electromagnetic surveys
Tezkan et al. A joint application of radiomagnetotellurics and transient electromagnetics to the investigation of a waste deposit in Cologne (Germany)
Cataldo et al. Enhancement of leak detection in pipelines through time‐domain reflectometry/ground penetrating radar measurements
Gizzi et al. Global research patterns on ground penetrating radar (GPR)
Cassidy et al. The application of finite-difference time-domain modelling for the assessment of GPR in magnetically lossy materials
Porsani et al. TDEM survey in urban environmental for hydrogeological study at USP campus in São Paulo city, Brazil
Kuras The capacitive resistivity technique for electrical imaging of the shallow subsurface
Huston et al. Urban underground infrastructure mapping and assessment
Lin et al. Rapid and high-resolution detection of urban underground space using transient electromagnetic method
Boonsakul et al. Optimization of multi-frequency electromagnetic surveying for investigating waste characteristics in an open dumpsite
Economou et al. GPR data processing techniques
Hutchins et al. Azimuthal dependence of VLF propagation
Flageul et al. First in situ tests of a new electrostatic resistivity meter
Wang et al. Velocity analysis of CMP gathers acquired by an array GPR system ‘Yakumo’: Results from field application to tsunami deposits
Li et al. Underground measurement of magnetic field pulses during the early stage of rocket‐triggered lightning
Takahashi et al. Modeling of GPR clutter caused by soil heterogeneity
Bongiovanni et al. Rapid evaluation of multifrequency EMI data to characterize buried structures at a historical Jesuit Mission in Argentina
Lv et al. Dielectric characteristics of unsaturated loess and the safety detection of the road subgrade based on GPR
Illawathure et al. Evaluating soil moisture estimation from ground‐penetrating radar hyperbola fitting with respect to a systematic time‐domain reflectometry data collection in a boreal podzolic agricultural field
Garner et al. Broadband (ULF-VLF) surface impedance measurements using MIMDAS
Xu et al. Measuring soil layer thickness in land rearrangement with GPR data

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant