CN107541656A - A kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite, the composite hardness prepared, wearability and toughness are high, and the bond strength between fused alumina zirconia and rich chromium cast iron is high.Its preparation process comprises the following steps：Zircon corundum ceramics particle is modified, obtains the Zircon corundum ceramics particle that surface is coated with nickel dam, is rinsed stand-by after drying；Foam board is cut, foam specimen, cross gate, sprue and ingate are obtained, Zircon corundum ceramics particle is coated in foam specimen surface, foam specimen and cross gate, sprue and ingate are bonded to one, leaching is dried after hanging coating, obtains the white mould of evaporative pattern；The white mould of the evaporative pattern prepared is put into sandbox, dry sand jolt ramming is inserted, strikes off, with covered rearing with plastic film, puts sprue cup, sand mold bottom is evacuated to form negative pressure using vavuum pump；After sand fastening shaping, rich chromium cast iron molten metal of casting, vacuum is discharged after the completion of casting, takes out casting after cooling, solidification, then be heat-treated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of compound material, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite.
Background technology
It is well known that contacting with each other or two objects of relative motion, its surface can all rub, ordinary circumstance
Under, often again along with abrasion during friction, and when wearing to a certain extent, inevitably result in the mistake of various machines or parts
Effect, brings great potential safety hazard.China is a manufacture big country again, in China, similar to metallurgy, mine, building materials, electric power,
The departments such as coal are very big to the usage amount of mining machinery, engineering machinery and various crushing and grinding equipment, and these equipment are typically all transported
Row under bad working environments, a part of parts due to being worn by the various materials such as sandstone, ore, soil and abrasive body,
A large amount of metals are consumed per annual meeting.So improving the wearability of material and its service life has very important economic implications and shows
Sincere justice.
Under actual condition, some fragile parts not only there is abrasive wear, and be usually associated with corrosive wear with
High temperature wear, it is in a kind of synergic wear operating mode, many factors interaction, exacerbates the wear out failure of part.This is a kind of
Operating mode is common in the industrial productions such as mine, metallurgy, building materials, such as conveys the underflow pump containing coal slime, spoil, its internal rapid wear zero
Part Anti-wear wear plate, corrode again by flow medium while erosive wear is born, service life is very short, the piece volumes
Though small, technical requirements are high, and manufacture difficulty is larger.Under this similar synergic wear working condition, for fragile part
Consumption it is very large.So for this parts run under bad working environments, if it is possible to simply had using one kind
The preparation technology of effect, also ensure that inside has certain impact flexibility while its working surface obtains high rigidity, then can
Greatly promote its wearability and service life.The research of ceramic particle reinforced metal base wearing composite material causes many correlations
The attention of domain expert, pertinent literature show, can not only in the certain thickness hard particles of wear-resistant metal material surface recombination
The reliability and service life of quick-wear part are improved, can also improve the performance and quality of quick-wear part, it is economical for improving
Benefit, promote the development of new and high technology and save energy etc. all having very important significance.
The content of the invention
The present invention is exactly in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, providing a kind of system of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite
Preparation Method.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite, comprises the following steps：
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is modified, obtains the Zircon corundum ceramics particle that surface is coated with nickel dam, is rinsed stand-by after drying；
Electricity consumption thermal resistance wire is cut to foam board, foam specimen, cross gate, sprue and ingate is obtained, by fused alumina zirconia
Ceramic particle is coated in foam specimen surface, and foam specimen and cross gate, sprue and ingate are bonded into one after drying
Body, leaching are dried after hanging coating, obtain the white mould of evaporative pattern；
The white mould of the evaporative pattern prepared is put into sandbox, dry sand jolt ramming is inserted, strikes off, with covered rearing with plastic film, put sprue cup,
Sand mold bottom is evacuated to form negative pressure using vavuum pump；
After sand fastening shaping, rich chromium cast iron molten metal of casting, vacuum is discharged after the completion of casting, casting is taken out after cooling, solidification, then
It is heat-treated and obtains ceramic-metal composites；Wherein, the chemical composition of rich chromium cast iron molten metal by weight percentage
It is as follows：C:2.86 ~ 2.95%, Cr:24.5 ~ 24.9%, Si:0.72 ~ 0.83%, Mn:2.15 ~ 2.35%, Mo:0.25 ~ 0.35%, Cu:
0.35 ~ 0.40%, Ni:0.85 ~ 1.25%, P:0.03 ~ 0.04%, S:0.01 ~ 0.02%, surplus is iron.
Preferably, the granule modified step of the Zircon corundum ceramics is as follows：
With sand paper polishing Zircon corundum ceramics particle, predetermined roughness is made up to；
Pretreated Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in absolute alcohol, cleaned 15 ~ 20 minutes using ultrasonic oscillation, cleaning
After dry；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after decontamination is put into coarsening solution, for coarsening solution temperature at 15 ~ 30 DEG C, coarsening time is 4 ~ 5 points
Clock；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after roughening is taken out, is placed in sensitizing solution after cleaning, drying, is sensitized 8 ~ 12 minutes under normal temperature, it is quick
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after change takes out, and is placed on progress ultrasonic wave cleaning in acetone soln, is dried after cleaning；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in activating solution, for the temperature of activating solution at 45 ~ 50 DEG C, soak time is 8 ~ 12 minutes, living
Cleaning, drying after change；
Ceramic particle after activation is placed in chemical plating fluid, the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid is adjusted, is allowed to temperature 80 ~ 85
DEG C, for pH value 4.5 ~ 5.5, plating time is 25 ~ 30 minutes.
Preferably, the coarsening solution includes 3%HNO3And 2%HF, the 3%HNO3Volume fraction with 2%HF is respectively 60%
With 40%.
Preferably, the sensitizing solution includes 40g/L SnCl2And 4%HCl, first by SnCl during preparation2Add HCl solution
In, then it is diluted with water again, if there is white precipitate generation to filter sensitizing solution.
Preferably, the activating solution includes 0.125g/L PdCl2, and 4%HCl, by quantitative PdCl during preparation2It is placed in
In hydrochloric acid, stirring is allowed to fully dissolve.
Preferably, the chemical plating fluid includes 8g/L NiSO4、30g/L 、15g/L CH3COONa、
25g/L sodium citrates, 8ml/L lactic acid C3H6O3, first by NiSO during preparation4Solution is slowly added in sodium citrate solution, then is added
Enter what is be completely dissolvedSolution, finally sequentially add CH3COONa, lactic acid.
Preferably, sodium fluoride accelerator and thiocarbamide stabilizer are added during plating into chemical plating fluid, so that plating energy
Continued smooth is carried out.
Preferably, the heat treatment specifically includes following steps：
Casting is placed in heating furnace and heated, the heat time be 1.5 ~ 2 hours, heating-up temperature to 1010 ~ 1050 DEG C it is laggard
Row insulation, soaking time are 1.5 ~ 2 hours；
Casting is come out of the stove and quenched；
Casting after quenching is melted down and heated, the heat time is 1.5 ~ 2 hours, and heating-up temperature is to carrying out after 450 ~ 460 DEG C
Insulation, soaking time are 1.5 ~ 2 hours；
Casting is come out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, the vacuum before casting in sandbox keeps negative pressure in 0.04 ~ 0.05Mpa, casting cycle.
Preferably, the tapping temperature of the rich chromium cast iron molten metal is 1510 ~ 1520 DEG C.
Penetration mechanism is analyzed as follows：
During liquid metal filling, the molten metal of high temperature starts between ceramic particle layer rapidly by the foam melts in sandbox
Casting is oozed, and in the process, casting the power oozed has the static pressure of molten metal and the extraneous negative pressure of vavuum pump application, casts the resistance oozed
There are the air resistance discharged when sand mold inner air resistance, foam and coating layer binder burning, molten metal internal friction.Metal
The curved surface additonal pressure of liquid with particle it is non-wetted in the case of be resistance, be power in the case of wetting, so particle has
Curved surface additonal pressure belongs to casting and oozes power category during nickel coating.The iron liquid of high temperature when flowing between ceramic particle layer, iron liquid with
Angle of wetting between ceramic surface nickel coating is less than 90 °, and the gas of microcosmic rough ceramic grain surface attachment is easy
Arranged by iron liquid, so that ceramic particle is directly contacted with molten metal by coating, therefore interface cohesion is close.Then, nickel plating
Layer melts at high temperature to be diffused into metallic matrix, equivalent to addition alloying element to rich chromium cast iron close to the area of compound interface
Domain, there is considerable influence to the wetability of ceramics to improving metal, its mechanism is alloying element in liquid metal surface and solid-liquid circle
The absorption and enrichment in face, reduce liquid metal surface tension and solid-liquid interfacial tension, so as to also reach interface cohesion densification
Effect.
During molten metal cooled and solidified, on the one hand because martensitic traoformation volumetric expansion occurs for ceramic particle, ceramics are originally
Body thermal coefficient of expansion is again smaller, and the even closer parcel ceramic particle of the contraction of metallic matrix, improves ceramics in cooling procedure
The binding ability of particle and matrix, effectively prevents ceramic particle from integrally being peeled off under the conditions of abrasive wear；Another aspect Metal Substrate
Linked together between body, whole ceramic particle is all surrounded completely by metallic matrix, advantageously in the whole of raising composite
Body toughness.
Compared with prior art, implementation result of the invention is as follows by the present invention：
Nickel Plating Treatment is carried out to Zircon corundum ceramics particle surface before pouring, ceramic grain surface has metal light after plating
Pool, nickel plating is uniform, has good corrosion resistance and has certain antiwear property；Between ceramic particle and metal after nickel plating
Bond strength it is high, help to obtain the second best in quality composite bed.
Evaporative pattern negative pressure technology of infiltration casting is used in casting, takes out negative pressure, molten metal mobility and liquid casting are oozed power and carried significantly
Height, molten metal can be successfully infiltrated between ceramic particle layer, and ceramic-metal composites have successfully been prepared.System
Standby obtained ceramic-metal composites Rockwell hardness, impact flexibility, overall wear resistance can obtain larger lifting, and level point
It is bright, elements diffusion does not occur between ceramic particle and metallic matrix at compound interface, the combination between ceramic particle and metal
Mechanism is mechanical bond, and ceramic particle is tightly combined with metallic matrix compound interface.
Casting is heat-treated after pouring, the composite-material abrasive performance of heat treatment has great raising, and
Occur the transition region that width is about 9um at the compound interface of composite, broken ceramic particle and gold are mingled with this region
Belong to matrix, both are well combined.
Molten metal selects rich chromium cast iron molten metal, it is determined that the composition and its ratio of rich chromium cast iron, improves multiple after casting
Corrosion-resistant, anti-oxidant and anti-wear performance of condensation material etc..
Embodiment
Illustrate present disclosure below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
A kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite, comprises the following steps：
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is modified, obtains the Zircon corundum ceramics particle that surface is coated with nickel dam, is rinsed stand-by after drying；
Electricity consumption thermal resistance wire is cut to foam board, foam specimen, cross gate, sprue and ingate is obtained, by fused alumina zirconia
Ceramic particle is coated in foam specimen surface, and foam specimen and cross gate, sprue and ingate are bonded into one after drying
Body, leaching are dried after hanging coating, obtain the white mould of evaporative pattern；
The white mould of the evaporative pattern prepared is put into sandbox, dry sand jolt ramming is inserted, strikes off, with covered rearing with plastic film, put sprue cup,
Sand mold bottom is evacuated to form negative pressure using vavuum pump；
After sand fastening shaping, rich chromium cast iron molten metal of casting, vacuum is discharged after the completion of casting, casting is taken out after cooling, solidification, then
It is heat-treated and obtains ceramic-metal composites；Wherein, the chemical composition of rich chromium cast iron molten metal by weight percentage
It is as follows：C:2.86 ~ 2.95%, Cr:24.5 ~ 24.9%, Si:0.72 ~ 0.83%, Mn:2.15 ~ 2.35%, Mo:0.25 ~ 0.35%, Cu:
0.35 ~ 0.40%, Ni:0.85 ~ 1.25%, P:0.03 ~ 0.04%, S:0.01 ~ 0.02%, surplus is iron.
Preferably, the vacuum before casting in sandbox keeps negative pressure in 0.04 ~ 0.05Mpa, casting cycle；The Gao Ge
The tapping temperature of iron metal liquid is 1510 ~ 1520 DEG C.
The granule modified step of the Zircon corundum ceramics is as follows：
With sand paper polishing Zircon corundum ceramics particle, predetermined roughness is made up to；
Pretreated Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in absolute alcohol, cleaned 15 ~ 20 minutes using ultrasonic oscillation, cleaning
After dry；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after decontamination is put into coarsening solution, for coarsening solution temperature at 15 ~ 30 DEG C, coarsening time is 4 ~ 5 points
Clock；The coarsening solution includes 3%HNO3And 2%HF, the 3%HNO3Volume fraction with 2%HF is respectively 60% and 40%；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after roughening is taken out, is placed in sensitizing solution after cleaning, drying, is sensitized 8 ~ 12 minutes under normal temperature, it is quick
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after change takes out, and is placed on progress ultrasonic wave cleaning in acetone soln, is dried after cleaning；The sensitizing solution bag
Include 40g/L SnCl2And 4%HCl, first by SnCl during preparation2Add in HCl solution, be then diluted with water again, if there is white heavy
Generation of forming sediment is filtered to sensitizing solution；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in activating solution, for the temperature of activating solution at 45 ~ 50 DEG C, soak time is 8 ~ 12 minutes, living
Cleaning, drying after change；The activating solution includes 0.125g/L PdCl2, and 4%HCl, by quantitative PdCl during preparation2It is placed in salt
In acid, stirring is allowed to fully dissolve；
Ceramic particle after activation is placed in chemical plating fluid, adjusts the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid, is allowed to temperature at 80 ~ 85 DEG C, pH
For value 4.5 ~ 5.5, plating time is 25 ~ 30 minutes；The chemical plating fluid includes 8g/L NiSO4、30g/L 、
15g/L CH3COONa, 25g/L sodium citrate, 8ml/L lactic acid C3H6O3, first by NiSO during preparation4Solution is slowly added to citric acid
In sodium solution, add what is be completely dissolvedSolution, finally sequentially add CH3COONa, lactic acid.
Sodium fluoride accelerator and thiocarbamide stabilizer can be added into chemical plating fluid during above-mentioned plating, so that plating energy
Continued smooth is carried out.
Heat treatment in casting cycle specifically includes following steps：
Casting is placed in heating furnace and heated, the heat time be 1.5 ~ 2 hours, heating-up temperature to 1010 ~ 1050 DEG C it is laggard
Row insulation, soaking time are 1.5 ~ 2 hours；
Casting is come out of the stove and quenched；
Casting after quenching is melted down and heated, the heat time is 1.5 ~ 2 hours, and heating-up temperature is to carrying out after 450 ~ 460 DEG C
Insulation, soaking time are 1.5 ~ 2 hours；
Casting is come out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
The invention has the advantages that：
Polished before plating with sand paper, absolute alcohol cleans, coarsening solution roughening so that micro-rough is presented in ceramic grain surface
Structure, chemical plating fluid can enter in the space of ceramic grain surface during plating, improve Zircon corundum ceramics particle and nickel
The real table area of metal surface, so as to improve the bond strength of ceramic particle and nickel metal.
Also Zircon corundum ceramics particle is sensitized after roughening, every chemical reaction during plating can more hold
Change places generation, reaction efficiency is improved, so as to shorten plating time.In addition, also Zircon corundum ceramics particle is entered after sensitization
Activation process is gone, the reduction reaction of chemical plating is rapidly and evenly carried out in frosting.
Zircon corundum ceramics particle surface has metallic luster after plating, and nickel plating is uniform, has good corrosion resistance and has
Certain antiwear property.
Nickel ion complexing agent directly affects the stability, service life and deposition velocity of plating solution, and conventional has citric acid, breast
Acid, hydroxyacetic acid and amion acetic acid etc..The pH value of chemical plating fluid has to nickel deposition velocity, bath stability, coating phosphorus content
Very big influence, generally, pH value rise, deposition velocity improve, and phosphorus content improves, but stability declines, conventional pH
Value buffer has sodium acetate, acetic acid, succinic acid etc., and some complexing agents are again in itself buffers, such as glycine, hydroxyacetic acid.
The preferred sodium citrate of the present invention and lactic acid are as complexing agent, preferably CH3COONa effectively increases plating solution as pH buffer
Stability, and obtain high-performance coating in ceramic grain surface.
Chemical plating fluid can be decreased obviously using a period of time, deposition velocity, can now add accelerator, accelerators in general has
Succinic acid, malic acid, sodium fluoride etc..The preferred sodium fluoride of the present invention effectively stabilizes deposition velocity, makes nickel plating as accelerator
Process is able to lasting, stable carry out.
Plating solution is in thermodynamic instability state all the time during plating, when plating solution once has the nickel particle of catalytic effect
In the presence of, the selfdecomposition reaction of fierceness will occur immediately for solution, cause plating solution to be scrapped, therefore stabilizer must be added in plating solution, with
Prevent selfdecomposition from reacting, conventional stabilizer has maleic acid, thiocarbamide etc..Preferably thiocarbamide of the invention ensures nickel plating as stabilizer
Journey is smooth.
Nickel Plating Treatment is carried out to Zircon corundum ceramics particle surface before pouring, ceramic grain surface has metal after plating
Gloss, nickel plating is uniform, has good corrosion resistance and has certain antiwear property；Ceramic particle after nickel plating and metal it
Between bond strength it is high, help to obtain the second best in quality composite bed.
Evaporative pattern negative pressure technology of infiltration casting is used in casting, takes out negative pressure, molten metal mobility and liquid casting are oozed power and carried significantly
Height, molten metal can be successfully infiltrated between ceramic particle layer, and ceramic-metal composites have successfully been prepared.System
Standby obtained ceramic-metal composites Rockwell hardness, impact flexibility, overall wear resistance can obtain larger lifting, and level point
It is bright, elements diffusion does not occur between ceramic particle and metallic matrix at compound interface, the combination between ceramic particle and metal
Mechanism is mechanical bond, and ceramic particle is tightly combined with metallic matrix compound interface.
Casting is heat-treated after pouring, the composite-material abrasive performance of heat treatment has great raising, and
Occur the transition region that width is about 9um at the compound interface of composite, broken ceramic particle and gold are mingled with this region
Belong to matrix, both are well combined.
Molten metal selects rich chromium cast iron molten metal, it is determined that the composition and its ratio of rich chromium cast iron, improves multiple after casting
Corrosion-resistant, anti-oxidant and anti-wear performance of condensation material etc..
Preferably, the vacuum before casting in sandbox keeps negative pressure in 0.04 ~ 0.05Mpa, casting cycle.
Preferably, the tapping temperature of the rich chromium cast iron molten metal is 1510 ~ 1520 DEG C.
Penetration mechanism is analyzed as follows：
During liquid metal filling, the molten metal of high temperature starts between ceramic particle layer rapidly by the foam melts in sandbox
Casting is oozed, and in the process, casting the power oozed has the static pressure of molten metal and the extraneous negative pressure of vavuum pump application, casts the resistance oozed
There are the air resistance discharged when sand mold inner air resistance, foam and coating layer binder burning, molten metal internal friction.Metal
The curved surface additonal pressure of liquid with particle it is non-wetted in the case of be resistance, be power in the case of wetting, so particle has
Curved surface additonal pressure belongs to casting and oozes power category during nickel coating.The iron liquid of high temperature when flowing between ceramic particle layer, iron liquid with
Angle of wetting between ceramic surface nickel coating is less than 90 °, and the gas of microcosmic rough ceramic grain surface attachment is easy
Arranged by iron liquid, so that ceramic particle is directly contacted with molten metal by coating, therefore interface cohesion is close.Then, nickel plating
Layer melts at high temperature to be diffused into metallic matrix, equivalent to addition alloying element to rich chromium cast iron close to the area of compound interface
Domain, there is considerable influence to the wetability of ceramics to improving metal, its mechanism is alloying element in liquid metal surface and solid-liquid circle
The absorption and enrichment in face, reduce liquid metal surface tension and solid-liquid interfacial tension, so as to also reach interface cohesion densification
Effect.
During molten metal cooled and solidified, on the one hand because martensitic traoformation volumetric expansion occurs for ceramic particle, ceramics are originally
Body thermal coefficient of expansion is again smaller, and the even closer parcel ceramic particle of the contraction of metallic matrix, improves ceramics in cooling procedure
The binding ability of particle and matrix, effectively prevents ceramic particle from integrally being peeled off under the conditions of abrasive wear；Another aspect Metal Substrate
Linked together between body, whole ceramic particle is all surrounded completely by metallic matrix, advantageously in the whole of raising composite
Body toughness.
It is as follows to rich chromium cast iron molten metal constituent analysis：
Chromium is used for the corrosion-resistant and antioxygenic property for improving composite, to make composite obtain optimal anti-wear performance, resisting
Oxidation susceptibility and thermal stability, the chromium content in rich chromium cast iron should be appropriate, and keeps a rational ratio with carbon content.It is multiple
Carbon mass fraction is higher in condensation material, and carbide quantity is more, and the hardness of composite is higher, but this simultaneously can also reduce it is compound
The toughness of material.Further, since the cast iron of hypereutectic composition can first crystallize out thick primary carbide in process of setting, lead
Embrittlement increases, and toughness drastically declines, and rich chromium cast iron carbon content is set in hypoeutectic section in the present invention.Eutectic point carbon content meeting
Decline as chromium mass fraction increases, for rich chromium cast iron of the chromium content 25% or so, eutectic carbon mass fraction is 3.0%.
Possess good mobility and mold-filling capacity to make composite wood feed liquid, the carbon content in composite wood feed liquid in nearly eutectic composition, this
Invention carbon content is between 2.86 ~ 2.95%, and chromium content is 24.5 ~ 24.9%.
Silicon improves the hardness of composite, but can move to left eutectic point, makes primary carbide coarsening, and toughness declines, because
Silicone content should be 0.72 ~ 0.83% in this present invention.
Manganese is good deoxidier and desulfurizing agent, adds more than 0.7% manganese composite is had enough toughness, and
With higher intensity and hardness, the quenching property of composite is improved, improves the hot-workability of composite, but manganese amount increases, meeting
Weaken the resistance to corrosion of composite, to reconcile resistance to corrosion, hot-quenching, intensity and heat endurance etc. of composite,
Manganese content is 2.15 ~ 2.35% in the present invention.
Molybdenum can improve the intensity of composite, particularly elevated temperature strength and toughness；Improve the corrosion-resistant strong of composite
Degree, improve the wearability of steel and improve quenching degree, weldability and heat resistance.Molybdenum content can make composite wood 0.25 ~ 0.35%
Material obtains preferable anti-wear performance, improves quenching degree.
Copper content while the quenching degree of composite is improved, can strengthen the wear-resisting of cast iron at 0.35 ~ 0.40%
Property and toughness, and make carbide size uniform.
Nickel and molybdenum, copper is compound adds in rich chromium cast iron, and content improves the same of composite quenching degree 0.85 ~ 1.25%
When, the wearability and inoxidizability of cast iron can be strengthened, and cast iron is kept good thermoplasticity.
Embodiment 1
With sand paper polishing Zircon corundum ceramics particle, predetermined roughness is made up to；
Pretreated Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in absolute alcohol, cleaned 15 ~ 20 minutes using ultrasonic oscillation, cleaning
After dry；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after decontamination is put into coarsening solution, for coarsening solution temperature at 15 ~ 30 DEG C, coarsening time is 4 minutes；
The coarsening solution includes 3%HNO3And 2%HF, the 3%HNO3Volume fraction with 2%HF is respectively 60% and 40%；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after roughening is taken out, is placed in sensitizing solution after cleaning, drying, is sensitized 8 minutes under normal temperature, is sensitized
Zircon corundum ceramics particle afterwards takes out, and is placed on progress ultrasonic wave cleaning in acetone soln, is dried after cleaning；The sensitizing solution includes
40g/L SnCl2And 4%HCl, first by SnCl during preparation2Add in HCl solution, be then diluted with water again, if there is white precipitate
Generation is filtered to sensitizing solution；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in activating solution, for the temperature of activating solution at 45 DEG C, soak time is 8 minutes, clear after activation
Wash drying；The activating solution includes 0.125g/L PdCl2, and 4%HCl, by quantitative PdCl during preparation2It is placed in hydrochloric acid, stirs
Mix and be allowed to fully dissolve；
Ceramic particle after activation is placed in chemical plating fluid, adjusts the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid, is allowed to temperature at 80 DEG C, pH
For value 4.5, plating time is 25 minutes；The chemical plating fluid includes 8g/L NiSO4、30g/L 、15g/L
CH3COONa, 25g/L sodium citrate, 8ml/L lactic acid C3H6O3, first by NiSO during preparation4Solution is slowly added to sodium citrate solution
In, add what is be completely dissolvedSolution, finally sequentially add CH3COONa, lactic acid；To change during plating
Learn and sodium fluoride accelerator and thiocarbamide stabilizer are added in plating solution, so that plating energy continued smooth is carried out；
By Zircon corundum ceramics particle by being taken out in chemical plating fluid, rinse stand-by after drying；
Electricity consumption thermal resistance wire is cut to foam board, foam specimen, cross gate, sprue and ingate is obtained, by fused alumina zirconia
Ceramic particle is coated in foam specimen surface, and foam specimen and cross gate, sprue and ingate are bonded into one after drying
Body, leaching are dried after hanging coating, obtain the white mould of evaporative pattern；
The white mould of the evaporative pattern prepared is put into sandbox, dry sand jolt ramming is inserted, strikes off, with covered rearing with plastic film, put sprue cup,
Sand mold bottom is evacuated to form negative pressure using vavuum pump；Vacuum before casting in sandbox is in 0.04 ~ 0.05Mpa；
After sand fastening shaping, rich chromium cast iron molten metal of casting, the tapping temperature of rich chromium cast iron molten metal is 1510 DEG C, casting cycle
Middle holding negative pressure, vacuum is discharged after the completion of casting, casting is taken out after cooling, solidification；Wherein, rich chromium cast iron molten metal by weight hundred
Divide as follows than the chemical composition counted：C:2.86 ~ 2.95%, Cr:24.5 ~ 24.9%, Si:0.72 ~ 0.83%, Mn:2.15 ~ 2.35%,
Mo:0.25 ~ 0.35%, Cu:0.35 ~ 0.40%, Ni:0.85 ~ 1.25%, P:0.03 ~ 0.04%, S:0.01 ~ 0.02%, surplus is iron；
Casting is placed in heating furnace and heated, the heat time is 1.5 hours, heating-up temperature to being incubated after 1010 DEG C,
Soaking time is 1.5 hours；Casting is come out of the stove and quenched；Casting after quenching is melted down and heated, the heat time 1.5
Hour, for heating-up temperature to being incubated after 4500 DEG C, soaking time is 1.5 hours；Casting is come out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 2
With sand paper polishing Zircon corundum ceramics particle, predetermined roughness is made up to；
Pretreated Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in absolute alcohol, cleaned 20 minutes using ultrasonic oscillation, after cleaning
Drying；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after decontamination is put into coarsening solution, for coarsening solution temperature at 30 DEG C, coarsening time is 5 minutes；Institute
Stating coarsening solution includes 3%HNO3And 2%HF, the 3%HNO3Volume fraction with 2%HF is respectively 60% and 40%；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after roughening is taken out, is placed in sensitizing solution after cleaning, drying, is sensitized 12 minutes under normal temperature, is sensitized
Zircon corundum ceramics particle afterwards takes out, and is placed on progress ultrasonic wave cleaning in acetone soln, is dried after cleaning；The sensitizing solution includes
40g/L SnCl2And 4%HCl, first by SnCl during preparation2Add in HCl solution, be then diluted with water again, if there is white precipitate
Generation is filtered to sensitizing solution；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in activating solution, the temperature of activating solution is at 45 ~ 50 DEG C, and soak time is 12 minutes, activation
Cleaning, drying afterwards；The activating solution includes 0.125g/L PdCl2, and 4%HCl, by quantitative PdCl during preparation2It is placed in hydrochloric acid
In, stirring is allowed to fully dissolve；
Ceramic particle after activation is placed in chemical plating fluid, adjusts the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid, is allowed to temperature at 85 DEG C, pH
For value 4.5 ~ 5.5, plating time is 30 minutes；The chemical plating fluid includes 8g/L NiSO4、30g/L 、
15g/L CH3COONa, 25g/L sodium citrate, 8ml/L lactic acid C3H6O3, first by NiSO during preparation4Solution is slowly added to citric acid
In sodium solution, add what is be completely dissolvedSolution, finally sequentially add CH3COONa, lactic acid；Plating process
It is middle that sodium fluoride accelerator and thiocarbamide stabilizer are added into chemical plating fluid, so that plating energy continued smooth is carried out；
By Zircon corundum ceramics particle by being taken out in chemical plating fluid, rinse stand-by after drying；
Electricity consumption thermal resistance wire is cut to foam board, foam specimen, cross gate, sprue and ingate is obtained, by fused alumina zirconia
Ceramic particle is coated in foam specimen surface, and foam specimen and cross gate, sprue and ingate are bonded into one after drying
Body, leaching are dried after hanging coating, obtain the white mould of evaporative pattern；
The white mould of the evaporative pattern prepared is put into sandbox, dry sand jolt ramming is inserted, strikes off, with covered rearing with plastic film, put sprue cup,
Sand mold bottom is evacuated to form negative pressure using vavuum pump；Vacuum before casting in sandbox is in 0.05Mpa；
After sand fastening shaping, rich chromium cast iron molten metal of casting, the tapping temperature of rich chromium cast iron molten metal is 1510 ~ 1520 DEG C, is poured
Negative pressure is kept during casting, vacuum is discharged after the completion of casting, casting is taken out after cooling, solidification；Wherein, rich chromium cast iron molten metal is pressed
The chemical composition of percentage by weight meter is as follows：C:2.86 ~ 2.95%, Cr:24.5 ~ 24.9%, Si:0.72 ~ 0.83%, Mn:2.15~
2.35%, Mo:0.25 ~ 0.35%, Cu:0.35 ~ 0.40%, Ni:0.85 ~ 1.25%, P:0.03 ~ 0.04%, S:0.01 ~ 0.02%, it is remaining
Measure as iron；
Casting is placed in heating furnace and heated, the heat time is 2 hours, and heating-up temperature is protected to being incubated after 1050 DEG C
The warm time is 2 hours；Casting is come out of the stove and quenched；Casting after quenching to be melted down and heated, the heat time is 2 hours,
For heating-up temperature to being incubated after 460 DEG C, soaking time is 2 hours；Casting is come out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is modified, obtains the Zircon corundum ceramics particle that surface is coated with nickel dam, is rinsed stand-by after drying；
Electricity consumption thermal resistance wire is cut to foam board, foam specimen, cross gate, sprue and ingate is obtained, by fused alumina zirconia
Ceramic particle is coated in foam specimen surface, and foam specimen and cross gate, sprue and ingate are bonded into one after drying
Body, leaching are dried after hanging coating, obtain the white mould of evaporative pattern；
The white mould of the evaporative pattern prepared is put into sandbox, dry sand jolt ramming is inserted, strikes off, with covered rearing with plastic film, put sprue cup,
Sand mold bottom is evacuated to form negative pressure using vavuum pump；
After sand fastening shaping, rich chromium cast iron molten metal of casting, vacuum is discharged after the completion of casting, casting is taken out after cooling, solidification, then
It is heat-treated and obtains ceramic-metal composites；Wherein, the chemical composition of rich chromium cast iron molten metal by weight percentage
It is as follows：C:2.86 ~ 2.95%, Cr:24.5 ~ 24.9%, Si:0.72 ~ 0.83%, Mn:2.15 ~ 2.35%, Mo:0.25 ~ 0.35%, Cu:
0.35 ~ 0.40%, Ni:0.85 ~ 1.25%, P:0.03 ~ 0.04%, S:0.01 ~ 0.02%, surplus is iron.
2. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the zirconium is firm
The step that beautiful ceramic particle is modified is as follows：
With sand paper polishing Zircon corundum ceramics particle, predetermined roughness is made up to；
Pretreated Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in absolute alcohol, cleaned 15 ~ 20 minutes using ultrasonic oscillation, cleaning
After dry；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after decontamination is put into coarsening solution, for coarsening solution temperature at 15 ~ 30 DEG C, coarsening time is 4 ~ 5 points
Clock；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after roughening is taken out, is placed in sensitizing solution after cleaning, drying, is sensitized 8 ~ 12 minutes under normal temperature, it is quick
Zircon corundum ceramics particle after change takes out, and is placed on progress ultrasonic wave cleaning in acetone soln, is dried after cleaning；
Zircon corundum ceramics particle is placed in activating solution, for the temperature of activating solution at 45 ~ 50 DEG C, soak time is 8 ~ 12 minutes, living
Cleaning, drying after change；
Ceramic particle after activation is placed in chemical plating fluid, the temperature and pH of chemical plating fluid is adjusted, is allowed to temperature 80 ~ 85
DEG C, for pH value 4.5 ~ 5.5, plating time is 25 ~ 30 minutes.
3. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the roughening
Liquid includes 3%HNO3And 2%HF, the 3%HNO3Volume fraction with 2%HF is respectively 60% and 40%.
4. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the sensitization
Liquid includes 40g/L SnCl2And 4%HCl, first by SnCl during preparation2Add in HCl solution, be then diluted with water again, if having white
Color precipitation generation is filtered to sensitizing solution.
5. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the activation
Liquid includes 0.125g/L PdCl2, and 4%HCl, by quantitative PdCl during preparation2It is placed in hydrochloric acid, stirring is allowed to fully dissolve.
6. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the chemistry
Plating solution includes 8g/L NiSO4、30g/L 、15g/L CH3COONa, 25g/L sodium citrate, 8ml/L lactic acid
C3H6O3, first by NiSO during preparation4Solution is slowly added in sodium citrate solution, adds what is be completely dissolved
Solution, finally sequentially add CH3COONa, lactic acid.
7. the preparation method of the fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to any one of claim 2 ~ 6, it is characterised in that
Sodium fluoride accelerator and thiocarbamide stabilizer are added during plating into chemical plating fluid, so that plating energy continued smooth is carried out.
8. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that at the heat
Reason specifically includes following steps：
Casting is placed in heating furnace and heated, the heat time be 1.5 ~ 2 hours, heating-up temperature to 1010 ~ 1050 DEG C it is laggard
Row insulation, soaking time are 1.5 ~ 2 hours；
Casting is come out of the stove and quenched；
Casting after quenching is melted down and heated, the heat time is 1.5 ~ 2 hours, and heating-up temperature is to carrying out after 450 ~ 460 DEG C
Insulation, soaking time are 1.5 ~ 2 hours；
Casting is come out of the stove and is air-cooled to room temperature.
9. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sand before casting
Vacuum in case keeps negative pressure in 0.04 ~ 0.05Mpa, casting cycle.
10. the preparation method of fused alumina zirconia rich chromium cast iron composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the height
The tapping temperature of chrome cast iron molten metal is 1510 ~ 1520 DEG C.
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| CN111014692A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-04-17 | 北京天仁道和新材料有限公司 | Friction material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101503013A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2009-08-12 | 湖南欧克新材料有限公司 | High-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant material and technique for preparing the same |
| CN101628330A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-01-20 | 郑州大学 | Multi-phase honeycomb ceramic and steel composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106077582A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-09 | 长安大学 | A kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting composite liner of cast setting ceramic/metal |
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| CN101503013A (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2009-08-12 | 湖南欧克新材料有限公司 | High-chromium cast iron composite wear-resistant material and technique for preparing the same |
| CN101628330A (en) * | 2009-08-21 | 2010-01-20 | 郑州大学 | Multi-phase honeycomb ceramic and steel composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106077582A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-09 | 长安大学 | A kind of preparation method of the wear-resisting composite liner of cast setting ceramic/metal |
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