CN107538359B - Powder mixing grinding wheel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Powder mixing grinding wheel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107538359B CN107538359B CN201710807850.6A CN201710807850A CN107538359B CN 107538359 B CN107538359 B CN 107538359B CN 201710807850 A CN201710807850 A CN 201710807850A CN 107538359 B CN107538359 B CN 107538359B
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 206
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a powder mixing grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof. The powder mixing grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body and a porous structural member, wherein the porous structural member is assembled on the grinding wheel base body, and the porous structural member is at least one selected from a reticulated structural member, a honeycomb structural member and a mouth frame structural member. The mixed powder grinding wheel can avoid the grinding burn of various materials, realize the control of grinding cracks and prolong the service life of the grinding wheel.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of grinding processing of metal materials, in particular to a powder mixing grinding wheel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The temperature of a grinding arc area in the grinding process is in an exponential increasing mode, so that the burn phenomenon of a processing surface is easily caused by the high grinding temperature.
Therefore, the powder mixing grinding wheel with better performance and the preparation method thereof need to be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application has been made based on the findings and knowledge of the inventors regarding the following facts and problems:
the continuous grinding mixed powder grinding wheel is extremely easy to cause the burn phenomenon of the processing surface due to the high temperature of grinding, and the intermittent grinding mixed powder grinding wheel, such as the grooved intermittent grinding mixed powder grinding wheel prepared by a hot pressing method or a brazing/electroplating method, has good effect on controlling the temperature rise of a grinding arc area due to the heating-cooling-heating circulation mode of the temperature rise of the grinding arc area in the grinding process, and can prevent the grinding burn and crack caused by the high temperature of grinding.
However, the type of the bonding agent of the hot-pressing method, such as the grooving intermittent grinding mixed powder grinding wheel prepared by the dressing method, is mostly limited to ceramic or resin bonding agents, the depth of the dressed groove is smaller, and repeated dressing is needed after the abrasive particles of the dressing layer are worn; the abrasive particle size of the powder mixing grinding wheel prepared by the brazing method is generally larger and basically more than 100 microns, the brazing process is extremely difficult to realize for the abrasive particles below the particle size, the brazing abrasive particles are single-layer abrasive particles, and the powder mixing grinding wheel loses the grinding performance after the abrasive particles are worn; the electroplated abrasive particles of the electroplated mixed powder grinding wheel prepared by the electroplating method are still single-layer abrasive particles, and the mixed powder grinding wheel also loses the grinding performance after the abrasive particles are worn.
Based on the above problems, the inventor prepares a metal bond and superhard abrasive-oriented powder mixing grinding wheel by combining the advantages of a laser selective melting forming, namely an additive manufacturing method, and combines the advantages of continuous grinding of a hot-pressed powder mixing grinding wheel and a brazing/electroplating powder mixing grinding wheel by comprising porous features with a designable structure and definable size and multiple layers of abrasive particles. The inventors have surprisingly found that the powder mix grinding wheel prepared by the claimed method can avoid grinding burn of various materials, realize grinding crack control and prolong the service life of the grinding wheel.
The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
In a first aspect of the present application, the present application proposes a powder mixing grinding wheel, according to an embodiment of the present application, comprising: the grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base body and a porous structural member, wherein the porous structural member is assembled on the grinding wheel base body, and the porous structural member is selected from at least one of a reticulated structural member, a honeycomb structural member and a mouth frame structural member. According to the powder mixing grinding wheel disclosed by the embodiment of the application, the cooling effect of a grinding area can be obviously enhanced, so that the grinding temperature rises in a zigzag manner, the exponential rapid increase of the grinding temperature in the traditional grinding process is avoided, and the phenomena of grinding burn and grinding crack can be effectively prevented.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the powder mixing grinding wheel may further include at least one of the following additional technical features:
according to the embodiment of the application, the grooving depth in the reticulate pattern structural member is 0.2 mm-2 mm, the grooving width is 0.2 mm-2 mm, the distance between parallel reticulate patterns of the circumferential expanding surface of the grinding wheel is 2 mm-5 mm, and the included angle formed by the crossed reticulate patterns is 30-90 degrees. The inventors found that in the above size range, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel can be significantly improved while the surface roughness of the ground workpiece is not significantly increased.
According to the embodiment of the application, the honeycomb structural part comprises a plurality of honeycomb holes, the inscribed circle diameters of the plurality of honeycomb holes are respectively and independently 0.5-2 mm, the center-to-center distance between every two adjacent honeycomb holes is 1.74-1.76 mm, the depths of the plurality of honeycomb holes are respectively and independently 2-2.5 mm, the distance between the honeycomb holes near the upper edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel and the upper edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel is 0.32-0.35 mm, and the distance between the honeycomb holes near the lower edge of the powder mixing wheel and the lower edge of the powder mixing wheel is 0.32-0.35 mm. The inventor finds that the cooling effect of the grinding processing area can be obviously enhanced in the size range, and meanwhile, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is high, and the service life is long. Wherein, "independently of each other" means that the size of each honeycomb hole is not limited by other holes, and specifically includes three cases that the sizes of the plurality of honeycomb holes are equal, not equal, or not exactly equal.
According to the embodiment of the application, the mouth frame structural member comprises a plurality of mouth frames, the diameters of the circumscribing circles of the mouth frames are respectively and independently 0.3-3 mm, the distances between circle centers of the circumscribing circles of the adjacent mouth frames are respectively and independently 0.2-2 mm, and the depths of the mouth frames are respectively and independently 2-2.5 mm. The inventor finds that the cooling effect of the grinding processing area can be obviously enhanced in the size range, and meanwhile, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is high, and the service life is long. Wherein, the "each independently is" means that the size of each frame is not limited by other frames, and specifically includes three cases that the sizes of the plurality of frames are equal, all are not equal, or are not completely equal.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the dimensional accuracy of the reticulated structure, the honeycomb structure and the mouth frame structure is not less than 0.1mm, respectively. The high precision is more beneficial to ensuring the powder mixing grinding wheel to play a role so as to solve the problems of burn and grinding crack control in grinding processing and low service life of the grinding wheel.
In a second aspect of the present application, the present application proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned powder mixing grinding wheel, according to an embodiment of the present application, the method comprises: (1) Mixing a metal binding agent and an abrasive, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain mixed powder; (2) And carrying out laser selective melting forming treatment on the mixed powder so as to obtain the powder mixing grinding wheel. According to the embodiment of the application, the method breaks through the conventional thinking that the grooved intermittent grinding powder mixing grinding wheel is prepared by a hot pressing method or a brazing/electroplating method of the traditional manufacturing process, and the powder mixing grinding wheel with any complex shape is directly obtained by utilizing metal powder according to a three-dimensional mould of a part through a laser selective melting forming technology without any fixture clamp and mould. The powder mixing grinding wheel with the porous structure characteristics prepared by the method can obviously enhance the cooling effect of a grinding processing area, so that the grinding temperature rises in a zigzag manner, the exponential rapid increase of the grinding temperature in the traditional grinding processing is avoided, and the phenomena of grinding burn and grinding crack can be effectively prevented.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the above method may further include at least one of the following additional technical features:
according to an embodiment of the application, the metal bond is selected from at least one comprising an iron-based metal powder, a copper-based metal powder and a nickel-based metal powder. The inventor finds that the metal binding agent has higher bonding strength, grinding efficiency and durability, no blockage and better wear resistance, thereby ensuring the excellent molding quality of the grinding wheel and long service life.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the sphericity of the powder of the metal bond is not less than 90%. The inventor finds that when the sphericity is smaller than the sphericity, the powder has poor fluidity, and agglomeration easily occurs in the powder spreading process, so that the forming quality of the grinding wheel is affected, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the service life is shortened.
According to a specific embodiment of the application, the particle size of the metal bond is 38-45 microns. The inventors found that the metal bond bonding strength, grinding efficiency and durability in the particle size range are further improved, the wear resistance is better, and the service life is longer.
According to an embodiment of the application, the oxygen content of the metal bond is not more than 600ppm. The inventor finds that when the oxygen content is larger than the range, local oxidation is easy to generate in the laser sintering process, so that the grinding wheel molding quality is poor, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the service life is shortened.
According to an embodiment of the application, the abrasive is a diamond abrasive. The inventor finds that the diamond abrasive has high hardness, high compressive strength and good wear resistance, thereby ensuring that the grinding wheel has excellent molding quality, high grinding efficiency and long service life.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the abrasive is a cubic boron nitride abrasive. The inventor finds that the cubic boron nitride abrasive has high hardness, high temperature resistance, good stability at high temperature and no reaction with iron, thereby ensuring that the grinding wheel has excellent molding quality, high grinding efficiency and long service life.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the abrasive particles have a particle size of 38 microns to 100 microns.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the abrasive particle concentration of the abrasive is 50% to 150%.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the abrasive grains of the abrasive have a plating layer selected from at least one of nickel and titanium, and the thickness of the plating layer is not more than 5 μm. The inventor finds that the plating layer can improve the bonding strength of the abrasive particles and the bonding agent, and can slow down the abrasion of the abrasive particles on the premise of not influencing the grinding effect, thereby prolonging the service life of the grinding wheel.
According to an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the uniformity of the mixed powder is not less than 95%. The inventor finds that the uniformity can ensure uniformity of mixed powder, when the mixed powder is lower than the uniformity, the high temperature resistance of the prepared mixed powder grinding wheel is obviously reduced, and the service life is shortened.
According to a specific embodiment of the application, in the step (1), the laser power is 50-200W, the scanning speed is 400-1200 mm/s, the powder spreading thickness is 20-100 micrometers, and the overlapping rate is 20% -50%. The inventor finds that the powder mixing grinding wheel with the porous structure characteristics prepared under the conditions can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the grinding temperature is exponentially and rapidly increased in the traditional grinding process, thereby preventing the generation of grinding burn and grinding crack.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, further comprising: (3) And finishing and ultrasonic cleaning the powder mixing grinding wheel. The inventor finds that the powder mixing grinding wheel with better performance can be obtained through finishing and cleaning treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the overall dimensions of a powder mixing wheel with porous structural features according to an embodiment of the present application;
figure 2 is a schematic representation of the type of porous structural features of a powder mixing wheel according to an embodiment of the present application,
wherein, (a) is a reticulated porous structure, (b) is a honeycomb porous structure, and (c) is a mouth frame porous structure;
figure 3 is a schematic representation of the structural dimensions of a powder mixing impeller screen type porous structural feature according to an embodiment of the present application,
wherein, (a) is a front view, (b) is a top view, and (c) is a perspective view;
figure 4 is a schematic representation of the structural dimensions of a powder mixing impeller honeycomb type porous structural feature according to an embodiment of the present application,
wherein, (a) is a front view, (b) is a cross-sectional view along A-A direction, (c) is a top view, and (d) is a partial enlarged view of the area encircled in (a), and the enlargement ratio is 40:1; and
figure 5 is a schematic view of the structural dimensions of a powder mixing pulley rim type porous structural feature according to an embodiment of the application,
wherein (a) is a front view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along the direction B-B, (c) is a top view, and (d) is a partial enlarged view of the region I circled in (a).
Reference numerals:
1: grinding wheel matrix
2: porous structure
θ 1 : included angle formed by cross reticulate patterns
D 1 : spacing between parallel webs
W 1 : width of slot
H 1 : depth of groove
D 2 : honeycomb hole near upper edge of powder mixing grinding wheel and upper edge interval of powder mixing grinding wheel
D 3 : honeycomb holes near the lower edge of powder mixing sand wheel and interval between lower edges of powder mixing sand wheel
H 2 : honeycomb pore depth
D 4 : center-to-center spacing of adjacent honeycomb holes
Φ 1 : inscribed circle diameter of honeycomb holes
H 3 : depth of mouth frame
Φ 2 : diameter of circumscribed circle of mouth frame
D 5 : external round center interval of adjacent mouth frames
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application.
The structural dimensions of the reticulate pattern type porous structural characteristic powder mixing grinding wheel comprise the grooving depth, grooving width, the distance between parallel reticulate patterns of the circumferential expanding surface of the grinding wheel and an included angle formed by the crossed reticulate patterns.
The structural dimensions of the honeycomb type porous structural feature powder mixing grinding wheel comprise the inscribed circle diameter of a honeycomb hole, the center distance of adjacent honeycomb holes, the edge distance between the honeycomb hole and the powder mixing grinding wheel and the depth of the honeycomb hole.
The structural dimensions of the mouth frame type porous structural feature powder mixing grinding wheel comprise the diameter of a mouth frame circumcircle, the circle center distance of the circumcircle of the adjacent mouth frames and the depth of the mouth frames.
Powder mixing grinding wheel
In a first aspect of the present application, the present application proposes a powder mixing grinding wheel, referring to fig. 1, according to an embodiment of the present application, comprising: a grinding wheel base 1 and a porous structure 2, which is assembled on the grinding wheel base, and which is at least one selected from the group consisting of a mesh structure, a honeycomb structure, and a mouth frame structure. The porous structure member according to the embodiment of the application is a grinding part for grinding. According to the powder mixing grinding wheel disclosed by the embodiment of the application, the cooling effect of a grinding area can be obviously enhanced, so that the grinding temperature rises in a zigzag manner, the exponential rapid increase of the grinding temperature in the traditional grinding process is avoided, and the phenomena of grinding burn and grinding crack can be effectively prevented.
According to an embodiment of the application, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the grooving depth H in the textured structure 1 Is 0.2 mm-2 mm, and the grooving width W 1 The distance D between parallel reticulation lines of the circumferential expanding surface of the grinding wheel is 0.2 mm-2 mm 1 An included angle theta formed by the cross hatching is 2 mm-5 mm 1 30-90 degrees. The inventors found that in this size range, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel can be significantly improved while the surface roughness of the ground workpiece is not significantly increased.
According to yet another embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the honeycomb structure comprises a plurality of honeycomb holes having inscribed circle diameters Φ 1 Each independently is 0.5-2 mm, and the center-to-center distance D between adjacent honeycomb holes 4 1.74-1.76 mm, the plurality of honeycomb holes have a depth H 2 Respectively and independently 2-2.5 mm, and the distance D between the honeycomb holes near the upper edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel and the upper edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel 2 The distance D between the honeycomb holes near the lower edge of the powder mixing sand wheel and the lower edge of the powder mixing sand wheel is 0.32-0.35 mm 3 0.32-0.35 mm. The inventor finds that the cooling effect of the grinding processing area can be obviously enhanced in the size range, and meanwhile, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is high, and the service life is long. Wherein, the "each independently is" means that the size of each honeycomb hole is not limited by other holes, and specifically comprises three kinds of holes that are equal, unequal or not completely equalIn this case.
According to yet another embodiment of the present application, referring to FIGS. 2 and 5, the mouthpiece structure comprises a plurality of mouthpieces having circumscribed circle diameters Φ 2 The distance D between the circle centers of the circumscribing circles of the adjacent mouth frames is 0.3-3 mm respectively and independently 5 0.2-2 mm, and the depth H of the plurality of mouth frames 3 Each independently being 2 to 2.5mm. The inventor finds that the cooling effect of the grinding processing area can be obviously enhanced in the size range, and meanwhile, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is high, and the service life is long. Wherein, the "each independently is" means that the size of each frame is not limited by other frames, and specifically includes three cases that the sizes of the plurality of frames are equal, all are not equal, or are not completely equal.
According to a further embodiment of the application, the dimensional accuracy of the reticulated structure, the honeycomb structure and the mouth frame structure is independently not less than 0.1mm. The high precision is more beneficial to ensuring the powder mixing grinding wheel to play a role so as to solve the problems of burn and grinding crack control in grinding processing and low service life of the grinding wheel.
Method for preparing powder mixing grinding wheel
In a second aspect of the present application, the present application proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned powder mixing grinding wheel, according to an embodiment of the present application, the method comprises: (1) Mixing a metal binding agent and an abrasive, and performing ball milling treatment to obtain mixed powder; (2) And carrying out laser selective melting forming treatment on the mixed powder so as to obtain the powder mixing grinding wheel. According to the embodiment of the application, the method breaks through the conventional thinking that the grooved intermittent grinding powder mixing grinding wheel is prepared by a hot pressing method or a brazing/electroplating method of the traditional manufacturing process, and the powder mixing grinding wheel with any complex shape is directly obtained by utilizing metal powder according to a three-dimensional mould of a part through a laser selective melting forming technology without any fixture clamp and mould. The powder mixing grinding wheel with the porous structure characteristics prepared by the method can obviously enhance the cooling effect of a grinding processing area, so that the grinding temperature rises in a zigzag manner, the exponential rapid increase of the grinding temperature in the traditional grinding processing is avoided, and the phenomena of grinding burn and grinding crack can be effectively prevented.
According to a specific embodiment of the application, the metal bond is selected from at least one of the group consisting of iron-based metal powder, copper-based metal powder and nickel-based metal powder. The inventor finds that the metal bond has higher bonding strength, grinding efficiency and durability, no blockage and better wear resistance, thereby ensuring the excellent molding quality of the grinding wheel and long service life.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the metal bond has a powder sphericity of not less than 90%. The inventor finds that when the sphericity is smaller than the sphericity, the powder has poor fluidity, and agglomeration easily occurs in the powder spreading process, so that the forming quality of the grinding wheel is affected, the grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the service life is shortened.
According to an embodiment of the application, the particle size of the metal bond is 38-45 microns. The inventors found that the metal bond bonding strength, grinding efficiency and durability in this particle size range were further improved, the wear resistance was better, and the service life was longer.
According to an embodiment of the application, the oxygen content of the metal bond is not more than 600ppm. The inventors found that when the oxygen content is greater than this range, local oxidation is likely to occur during laser sintering, resulting in poor grinding wheel molding quality, resulting in reduced grinding efficiency of the grinding wheel, and shortened service life.
According to an embodiment of the application, the abrasive is a diamond abrasive. The inventor finds that the diamond abrasive has high hardness, high compressive strength and good wear resistance, thereby ensuring that the grinding wheel has excellent molding quality, high grinding efficiency and long service life.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the abrasive is a cubic boron nitride abrasive. The inventor finds that the cubic boron nitride abrasive has high hardness, high temperature resistance, good stability under the condition of high temperature and no reaction with iron, thereby ensuring that the grinding wheel has excellent molding quality, high grinding efficiency and long service life.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the abrasive has an abrasive particle size of 38 microns to 100 microns.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the abrasive has an abrasive particle concentration of 50% to 150%.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the abrasive grains of the abrasive have a plating layer selected from at least one of nickel and titanium, and the plating layer has a thickness of not more than 5 μm. The inventor finds that the coating can improve the bonding strength of the abrasive particles and the bonding agent, and can slow down the abrasion of the abrasive particles on the premise of not affecting the grinding effect, thereby prolonging the service life of the grinding wheel.
According to an embodiment of the application, in step (1), the homogeneity of the powder mixture is not less than 95%. The inventor finds that the uniformity can ensure the uniformity of the mixed powder, when the mixed powder is lower than the uniformity, the high temperature resistance of the prepared mixed powder grinding wheel is obviously reduced, and the service life is shortened.
According to the specific embodiment of the application, in the step (1), the laser power is 50-200W, the scanning speed is 400-1200 mm/s, the powder spreading thickness is 20-100 micrometers, and the overlapping rate is 20% -50%. The inventor finds that the powder mixing grinding wheel with the porous structure characteristic prepared under the condition can effectively avoid the exponential rapid increase of the grinding temperature in the traditional grinding process, thereby preventing the phenomena of grinding burn and grinding crack.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, further comprising: and (3) finishing and ultrasonic cleaning the powder mixing grinding wheel. The inventor finds that the powder mixing grinding wheel with better performance can be obtained through finishing and cleaning treatment.
According to the specific embodiment of the application, the powder mixing grinding wheel structure design with the porous structure characteristic and the additive manufacturing are sequentially carried out according to the following steps:
step one, designing the outline dimension of a powder mixing grinding wheel matrix structure. According to the technical requirements of the grinding object and the installation size requirements of the powder mixing grinding wheel shaft of the grinding machine tool, the excircle diameter, the inner hole diameter and the powder mixing wheel width or height of the powder mixing wheel base body structure are designed.
And secondly, designing the type, the structural size and the precision of the porous structural characteristics of the powder mixing grinding wheel. The type of the porous structural feature of the powder mixing grinding wheel is designed, and the structural size and the precision requirement of the porous structural feature are designed.
The second step specifically comprises the following two steps:
step A: according to the technical requirements of the grinding processing object, the porous structure characteristic types of the powder mixing grinding wheel are designed, and the types comprise reticulate pattern type, honeycomb type and mouth frame type.
And (B) step (B): and designing the structural size and precision of each hole in the porous structural characteristics according to the grinding performance requirements and the technical index requirements of forming precision. For the reticulate pattern type porous structure feature, referring to FIG. 3, the grooving depth is 0.2-2.5 mm, the grooving width is 0.2-2 mm, the reticulate pattern spacing is 2-5 mm, and the acute angle formed by the crossed reticulate patterns is 30-90 degrees. For the honeycomb type porous structure feature, referring to fig. 4, the inscribed circle diameter of the honeycomb holes is 1mm, the interval between the honeycomb holes is 1.74-1.76 mm, the interval between the honeycomb holes and the edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel is 0.32-0.35 mm, and the depth of the honeycomb holes is 2-2.5 mm. For the frame type porous structure feature, referring to fig. 5, the circumscribed circle diameter of the frame is 0.3-3 mm, the interval between the frames is 0.2-2 mm, and the depth of the frame is 2-2.5 mm. The dimensional accuracy of each hole is required to be not less than 0.1mm.
And thirdly, selecting metal bonding agents and superhard abrasive types, and uniformly mixing the metal bonding agents and the superhard abrasive.
The third step specifically comprises the following five steps:
step A: the metal bond type of the powder mixing grinding wheel is selected from metal materials with higher strength and hardness, including iron-based metal materials, copper-based metal materials or nickel-based metal materials. The sphericity of the powder of the metal material is not less than 90%, the granularity range is 38-45 microns, and the oxygen content is not more than 600ppm.
And (B) step (B): the super-abrasive type of the mixed powder grinding wheel is cubic boron nitride, the abrasive particles of the super-abrasive should have excellent isosceles crystals, complete crystal forms and sharp corners, and the particle size range of the abrasive particles is 38-100 microns.
Step C: the abrasive particles of the superhard abrasive material can be selected to be uncoated or coated, and when the abrasive particles are selected to be coated, the type of the coating can be selected to be nickel-plated or titanium-plated, and the thickness of the coating is generally required to be not more than 5 microns.
Step D: the concentration range of abrasive particles in the powder mixing grinding wheel is 50% -150%, and the metal binding agent and the superhard abrasive material are weighed according to the concentration set value of the abrasive particles.
Step E: and pouring the weighed metal binding agent and the superhard abrasive into a ball mill for powder mixing, wherein the powder mixing process parameter is that the uniformity is not less than 95%, and the uniformity of powder mixing is ensured.
And fourthly, preparing a powder mixing grinding wheel by melting and forming a laser selective area, and carrying out stress relief treatment. The method of additive manufacturing, namely the laser selective melting forming technology, is used for printing and preparing the powder mixing grinding wheel, and the subsequent treatment of stress relief is carried out.
The fourth step specifically comprises the following two steps:
step A: the method comprises the steps of setting laser selective melting forming technological parameters under the powder mixing condition aiming at metal bonding agent and superhard abrasive after powder mixing, wherein the specific technological parameters comprise laser power of 50-200W, scanning speed of 400-1200 mm/s, powder spreading thickness of 20-100 micrometers and overlapping rate of 20% -50%, so that the powder mixing grinding wheel is prepared by using an additive manufacturing method.
And (B) step (B): and performing wire cutting on the powder mixing grinding wheel on the laser selective melting forming substrate according to the design requirement of the width or height of the powder mixing grinding wheel matrix structure, and performing stress relief treatment on the wire-cut powder mixing grinding wheel.
Fifthly, finishing the working surface of the powder mixing grinding wheel, and finishing the working surface of the powder mixing grinding wheel into a profile and sharpness meeting the grinding processing performance requirement by utilizing finishing tools such as a finishing grinding wheel and the like on a grinding machine tool.
And step six, ultrasonic cleaning and inspection.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (1)
1. A powder mixing grinding wheel, comprising:
a grinding wheel base;
the porous structural member is assembled on the grinding wheel matrix and is one selected from a reticulated structural member, a honeycomb structural member and a mouth frame structural member;
the grooving depth in the reticulate pattern structural member is 0.2 mm-2 mm, the grooving width is 0.2 mm-2 mm, the distance between parallel reticulate patterns on the circumferential expanding surface of the grinding wheel is 2 mm-5 mm, and the included angle formed by the crossed reticulate patterns is 30-90 degrees;
the honeycomb structural part comprises a plurality of honeycomb holes, the inscribed circle diameters of the plurality of honeycomb holes are respectively and independently 0.5-2 mm, the center distance between every two adjacent honeycomb holes is 1.74-1.76 mm, the depths of the plurality of honeycomb holes are respectively and independently 2-2.5 mm, the distance between the honeycomb holes close to the upper edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel and the upper edge of the powder mixing grinding wheel is 0.32-0.35 mm, and the distance between the honeycomb holes close to the lower edge of the powder mixing wheel and the lower edge of the powder mixing wheel is 0.32-0.35 mm;
the mouth frame structural member comprises a plurality of mouth frames, the diameters of the circumscribing circles of the mouth frames are respectively and independently 0.3-3 mm, the circle center distances of the circumscribing circles of the adjacent mouth frames are respectively and independently 0.2-2 mm, and the depths of the mouth frames are respectively and independently 2-2.5 mm;
the dimensional accuracy of the reticulate pattern structural member, the honeycomb structural member and the mouth frame structural member is respectively and independently not smaller than 0.1mm.
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| CN201710807850.6A CN107538359B (en) | 2017-09-08 | 2017-09-08 | Powder mixing grinding wheel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107538359A (en) | 2018-01-05 |
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