CN107525993A - A kind of list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever - Google Patents
A kind of list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever Download PDFInfo
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- CN107525993A CN107525993A CN201710522531.0A CN201710522531A CN107525993A CN 107525993 A CN107525993 A CN 107525993A CN 201710522531 A CN201710522531 A CN 201710522531A CN 107525993 A CN107525993 A CN 107525993A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000007417 hierarchical cluster analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000012571 Ficus glomerata Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000153665 Ficus glomerata Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007418 data mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever, belong to Relay Protection Technology in Power System field.After transmission line of alternation current is broken down, faulted phase voltage waveform is obtained, faulted phase voltage waveform is normalized and carries out Hierarchical clustering analysis, asks for false voltage waveform to be measured and transient fault historical sample minimum Eustachian distance M respectively1With permanent fault historical sample minimum Eustachian distance M2, compare M1And M2Magnitude relationship, if M1More than M2, then permanent fault is determined as, otherwise be determined as transient fault.The present invention can not only accurately differentiate permanent fault, moreover it is possible to estimate failure and position occurs, determine failure generation area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever, belong to relay protection of power system
Technical field.
Background technology
With the continuous development of the adaptive reclosing technology of transmission line of electricity, its key issue --- how rapidly, reliably
The research that ground recognizes single-phase permanent fault has obtained the close attention of numerous scientific workers.The differentiation of permanent fault property
The accuracy and feasibility of method directly decide the application prospect of adaptive reclosing technology.And adaptive reclosing technology
Using with development, to improving Transmission Lines efficiency, so that safe and reliable, the stable operation of whole power system have
Very important meaning.
Electric power research worker is directed to existing with shunt reactor or equal without the transmission line of electricity of shunt reactor
Some permanent fault property method of discrimination are proposed, in the case of failure of different nature occurs on transmission line of electricity, open circuit
Voltage, the travelling waves of magnitude of current different phase after device disconnection, it is proposed that based on secondary arc voltage characteristic, instantaneity event
Barrier recovers a variety of method of discrimination such as voltage characteristic, frequency characteristic.But still suffer from that measurement error is big, differentiates the time in these methods
The shortcomings such as long, shortage measured data checking, shortage universality, it would be highly desirable to further study and verify.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose a kind of list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever, is used
The problem of power system is impacted by secondary failure caused by avoid after transmission line malfunction reclosing failure.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever, works as ac transmission
After line failure, faulted phase voltage waveform is obtained, faulted phase voltage waveform is normalized and carries out level and is gathered
Alanysis, false voltage waveform to be measured and transient fault historical sample minimum Eustachian distance M are asked for respectively1With permanent fault
Historical sample minimum Eustachian distance M2, compare M1And M2Magnitude relationship, if M1More than M2, then permanent fault is determined as, it is on the contrary
It is determined as transient fault.
Concretely comprise the following steps：
The first step, using emulating data history of forming sample：It it is 90 ° in the initial phase angle of failure, transition resistance is respectively 0 Ω
In the case of 50 Ω, one abort situation is set every 5km along transmission line of alternation current, sets 118 instantaneitys single-phase respectively
Abort situation, 118 permanent single-phase fault positions；
Second step, the measuring end M 236 false voltage sample datas obtained are intercepted, take breaker to disconnect the moment
Afterwards during 100ms to 600ms window data, it is normalized, obtains transient fault sample NI=[xi1 xi2 xi3
··· xin], permanent fault sample NP=[xp1 xp2 xp3 ··· xpn], wherein xikAnd xpk(k=1,2,3
N) the fault sample data of different line parameter circuit values under transient fault and permanent fault are represented respectively；
3rd step, the normalized data obtained to second step merge algorithm, form clustering tree from bottom to top；
4th step, when transmission line of electricity breaks down, the fault sample data to be sentenced after measuring end M is normalized are N0
=[x1 x2 x3 ··· xn], ask for N according to formula (1)0With transient fault sample N1In each fault sample Europe it is several
In distance N1：
N is asked for according to formula (2)0With permanent fault sample NpIn each fault sample Euclidean distance N2：
If instantaneity and permanent fault sample number are all m, then
5th step, N is asked for respectively1And N (j)2(j) numerical value is most in addition to null value for last column in the distance matrix formed
Small value is M1、M2, M1For fault data to be measured and the minimum value of transient fault historical sample data Euclidean distance, M2To be to be measured
Fault data and the minimum value of permanent fault historical sample data Euclidean distance；
Permanent fault can be differentiated according to formula (3), (4)：
If M1-M2＞ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is permanent fault；(3)
If M1-M2＜ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is transient fault.(4)
The present invention principle be：
(1) faulted phase voltage waveform is obtained, it is normalized simultaneously Hierarchical clustering analysis, asks for event to be measured respectively
Hinder voltage waveform and transient fault historical sample minimum Eustachian distance M1, with permanent fault historical sample minimum Eustachian distance
M2。
1) transient fault
2) permanent fault
In formula (1) and (2), xikAnd xpk(k=1,2,3n) transient fault and permanent fault are represented respectively
The fault sample data of lower different line parameter circuit values are xi1Including [xi11 xi12 xi13 ··· xi1n] n feature, all data
It is the recovery voltage course voltage waveform data after normalization；xnRecover voltage for extraction and treat after amplitude normalization
Sentence fault sample data.
Obtain N1And N (j)2(j) formed distance matrix in last column numerical value in addition to null value minimum M1、M2。
(2) failure criterion
Transmission line malfunction property discriminate based on hierarchical clustering algorithm is：
If M1-M2＞ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is permanent fault；(3)
If M1-M2＜ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is transient fault；(4)
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Divide according to calculating the waveform distance between the traversal sample under the conditions of different faults
Analysis, from the angle of data mining, generates the clustering tree based on fault sample similarity, when historical failure sample or simulated fault
In the case that sample is enough, fault signature is complete enough, the present invention can not only accurately differentiate permanent fault, moreover it is possible to estimate therefore
Position occurs for barrier, determines failure generation area.The present invention is for the transmission line of electricity with shunt reactor and without shunt reactor
It is applicable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the model of power transmission system schematic diagram with shunt compensator of the embodiment of the present invention 1,3；
Fig. 2 is the faulted phase voltage oscillogram that the measuring end M in the embodiment of the present invention 1 is obtained；
Fig. 3 is to recover voltage waveform extraction figure under present invention band shunt reactor transmission line of electricity different faults property；
Fig. 4 is the present invention with the recovery voltage wave after amplitude normalization under shunt reactor transmission line of electricity different faults property
Shape figure；
Fig. 5 is distribution map of the present invention with shunt reactor transmission line of electricity heterogeneity failure in clustering tree；
Fig. 6 is the property judgment cluster tree graph of the test failure data of present example 1
Fig. 7 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 without shunt reactor model of power transmission system schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the faulted phase voltage waveform that the measuring end M of the embodiment of the present invention 2 is obtained；
Fig. 9 is the present invention without recovery voltage waveform extraction figure under shunt reactor transmission line of electricity different faults property
Figure 10 is the present invention without the recovery electricity after amplitude normalization under shunt reactor transmission line of electricity different faults property
Corrugating figure；
Figure 11 is distribution map of the present invention without shunt reactor transmission line of electricity heterogeneity failure in clustering tree；
Figure 12 is the property judgment cluster tree graph of the test failure data of present example 2
Figure 13 is the faulted phase voltage oscillogram that the measuring end M in the embodiment of the present invention 3 is obtained；
Figure 14 is the property judgment cluster tree graph of the test failure data of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：The transmission line of electricity Simulation Model of 500kV as shown in Figure 1 with shunt reactor, protected circuit
For MN, line length LPM=150km, LMN=300km, LNQ=220km, shunt reactor reactance XL=1680.56 Ω, Xn=
434 Ω, sample rate 20kHz.It is now assumed that A phases, which occur, away from M ends 107km on circuit MN is grounded transient fault, now measure
The faulted phase voltage waveform u for holding M to obtainM(k) as shown in Fig. 2 as shown in Figure 2, the failure generation moment is 0.1s, breaker disconnects
Moment is 0.2s；
Methods described concretely comprises the following steps：
(1) utilize and emulate data history of forming sample：It it is 90 ° in the initial phase angle of failure, transition resistance is respectively 0 Ω and 50
In the case of Ω, one abort situation is set every 5km along circuit MN, respectively 118 instantaneity single-phase faults of setting, 118
Permanent single-phase fault, fault sample set of curves are as shown in Figure 3
(2) the measuring end M 236 false voltage sample datas obtained are intercepted, after taking breaker to disconnect the moment
The data of window, it is normalized during 100ms to 600ms, obtains transient fault sample NI=[xi1 xi2 xi3
··· xin], permanent fault sample NP=[xp1 xp2 xp3 ··· xpn], wherein xikAnd xpk(k=1,2,3
N) the fault sample data of different line parameter circuit values under transient fault and permanent fault are represented respectively.Data after normalization are bent
Line cluster is as shown in Figure 4.
(3) algorithm is merged to obtained normalized data, forms clustering tree from bottom to top, as shown in Figure 5.
(4) when being broken down at transmission line of electricity distance M end 107km, measuring end M normalized after failure sample to be sentenced
Notebook data is N0=[x1 x2 x3 ··· xn], as shown in Figure 2.N is asked for according to formula (1)0With transient fault sample NIIn
The Euclidean distance N of each fault sample1,
N is asked for according to formula (2)0Permanent fault sample NpIn each fault sample Euclidean distance N2,
If instantaneity and permanent fault sample number are all m, thenM=236 herein.
N is asked for respectively1And N (j)2(j) formed distance matrix in last column numerical value in addition to null value minimum M1、
M2.According to M1-M2＜ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is transient fault.
The Euclidean distance of the test failure sample of embodiment 1 and historical failure sample data is asked for, obtains distance matrix Y1、Y2,
Ask for distance matrix Y1The minimum value of last column numerical value except zero, obtains M2=40.0993, ask for distance matrix Y2Last
The minimum value of capable numerical value except zero, obtains M1=2.921, M1-M2=-37.1783 ＜ 0, judge that the nature of trouble of embodiment 1 is wink
When property failure, it is as shown in Figure 6 with the clustering tree that fault sample generates after hierarchical clustering.
The nature of trouble that the test data of embodiment 1 is understood by simulation result is transient fault, with the setting of embodiment 1 one
Cause, method judges correctly, and in terms of clustering tree bottom, the 237th number is the test data of example 1, with test sample data
The fault sample data closed on are 82 numbers, 25 numbers, 79 numbers, 21 numbers, 20 numbers, and they are represented respectively
Single-phase instantaneity high resistance earthing fault voltage data occurs at distance M end 115km, single-phase instantaneous gold occurs at distance M end 125km
Attribute earth fault voltage data, single-phase instantaneity high resistance earthing fault voltage data, distance M ends occur at distance M end 100km
Single-phase instantaneous metallic earthing false voltage data occur at 105km, single-phase instantaneous metallicity occurs at distance M end 100km and connects
Earth fault voltage data, it follows that the test data of example 1 is to occur between distance M end 100km-125km and close on distance M
The transient fault at 115km is held, is consistent with the test failure distance 107km of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2：500kV transmission line of electricity Simulation Models as shown in Figure 7, protected circuit MN, line length
LPM=150km, LMN=358km, LNQ=220km, sample rate 20kHz.It is now assumed that A phases occur away from M ends 71km on circuit MN
Instantaneity earth fault, the faulted phase voltage waveform u that now measuring end M is obtainedM(k) as shown in figure 8, as shown in Figure 8, failure is sent out
The raw moment is 0.1s, and the breaker disconnection moment is 0.2s；
The M of gained is calculated in comparing embodiment 21With M1Size, M1-M2=-16.7099 ＜ 0, judge the failure of embodiment 2
Property is transient fault, and it is as shown in figure 12 with the clustering tree that fault sample generates after hierarchical clustering.
Understand that the test sample data of embodiment 2 to occur between distance M end 70km-75km, are set with sample by simulation result
Fixed fault distance is consistent for 71km.
Embodiment 3：The transmission line of electricity Simulation Model of 500kV as shown in Figure 1 with shunt reactor, protected circuit
For MN, line length LPM=150km, LMN=358km, LNQ=220km, shunt reactor reactance XL=1680.56 Ω, Xn=
434Ω.Sample rate is 20kHz.It is now assumed that A phase permanent earth faults occur away from M ends 177km on circuit MN, now measure
The faulted phase voltage waveform u for holding M to obtainM(k) as shown in figure 13, as shown in Figure 13, the failure generation moment is 0.3s, and breaker breaks
It is 0.4s constantly to open, and beat frequency phenomenon occurs in the recovery voltage stage；
The M of gained is calculated in comparing embodiment 31With M1Size, M1-M2=25.6206 ＞ 0, judge the failure of embodiment 3
Property is permanent fault, and it is as shown in figure 14 with the clustering tree that fault sample generates after hierarchical clustering.
By simulation result understand the test sample data of embodiment 3 for occur between distance M end 125km-185km and close on away from
From the permanent fault at the 180km of M ends, set fault distance with sample and be consistent as 177km.
Above in association with accompanying drawing to the present invention embodiment be explained in detail, but the present invention be not limited to it is above-mentioned
Embodiment, can also be before present inventive concept not be departed from those of ordinary skill in the art's possessed knowledge
Put that various changes can be made.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. list based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever, it is characterised in that：When event occurs for transmission line of alternation current After barrier, faulted phase voltage waveform is obtained, faulted phase voltage waveform is normalized and carries out Hierarchical clustering analysis, respectively Ask for false voltage waveform to be measured and transient fault historical sample minimum Eustachian distance M1With permanent fault historical sample most Small Euclidean distance M2, compare M1And M2Magnitude relationship, if M1More than M2, then permanent fault is determined as, otherwise be determined as instantaneous Property failure.
- 2. the list according to claim 1 based on hierarchical clustering algorithm fault distinguishing method forever, it is characterised in that specific step Suddenly it is：The first step, using emulating data history of forming sample：It it is 90 ° in the initial phase angle of failure, transition resistance is respectively 0 Ω and 50 In the case of Ω, one abort situation is set every 5km along transmission line of alternation current, 118 instantaneity single-phase faults are set respectively Position, 118 permanent single-phase fault positions；Second step, the measuring end M 236 false voltage sample datas obtained are intercepted, after taking breaker to disconnect the moment The data of window, it is normalized during 100ms to 600ms, obtains transient fault sample NI=[xi1 xi2 xi3 … xin], permanent fault sample NP=[xp1 xp2 xp3 … xpn], wherein xikAnd xpk(k=1,2,3 ... n) represents instantaneous respectively The fault sample data of different line parameter circuit values under property failure and permanent fault；3rd step, the normalized data obtained to second step merge algorithm, form clustering tree from bottom to top；4th step, when transmission line of electricity breaks down, the fault sample data to be sentenced after measuring end M is normalized are N0=[x1 x2 x3 … xn], ask for N according to formula (1)0With transient fault sample N1In each fault sample Euclidean distance N1：N is asked for according to formula (2)0With permanent fault sample NpIn each fault sample Euclidean distance N2：If instantaneity and permanent fault sample number are all m, thenM=236；5th step, N is asked for respectively1And N (j)2(j) formed distance matrix in last column numerical value in addition to null value minimum value For M1、M2, M1For fault data to be measured and the minimum value of transient fault historical sample data Euclidean distance, M2For failure to be measured The minimum value of data and permanent fault historical sample data Euclidean distance；Permanent fault can be differentiated according to formula (3), (4)：If M1-M2＞ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is permanent fault； (3)If M1-M2＜ 0, then sample to be tested nature of trouble is transient fault (4).
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110829388A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-21 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Single-phase earth fault judgment method and reclosing method of double-fed wind power plant |
| CN110954782A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-03 | 国网山东省电力公司济宁供电公司 | Distribution network instantaneous fault identification method and system based on density peak clustering |
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Application publication date: 20171229 |