CN107525852A - A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method - Google Patents
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107525852A CN107525852A CN201710942034.6A CN201710942034A CN107525852A CN 107525852 A CN107525852 A CN 107525852A CN 201710942034 A CN201710942034 A CN 201710942034A CN 107525852 A CN107525852 A CN 107525852A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, comprises the steps：Step 1, formation of concrete test specimen, it is carbonized after form removal maintenance；Step 2, ultrasonic tesint is carried out to test specimen, obtains the acoustic velocity value of test specimen；Step 3, using indicator method, the carbonation depth of test specimen is measured；Step 4, the acoustic velocity value to acquisition and carbonation depth value are fitted analysis, draw the relation between acoustic velocity value and carbonation depth, and the carbonation depth of corresponding concrete is then obtained by testing the acoustic velocity value of test specimen.The concrete carbonization depth method of testing establishes concrete carbonization depth test curve based on ultrasonic method, can be under conditions of test specimen not be destroyed, ultrasonic velocity only need to be tested, it can detect that the carbonation depth of concrete, test process ensure that sample integrality, avoid cleaving the introduced damage of test specimen, while ensure that the accuracy of test result, but method of testing is more succinct.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing, and in particular to a kind of concrete carbon based on ultrasonic method
Change depth test method, belong to construction material detection field.
Background technology
Concrete has been widely used in building field as a kind of economic construction material.Concrete meeting after preparation
The hydration reaction of cement internally occurs, after hydrated cementitious terminates, certain hole can be internally formed in Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste.This some holes
Gap becomes CO2The passage being carbonized into inside concrete, shown in carbonation reaction such as formula (1)~(4).Concrete
After carbonization, hydrated product Ca (OH)2(molal volume：33.2cm3/ mol) it is gradually converted into CaCO3(molal volume：
36.9cm3/ mol), it is filled in hole, molal volume adds about 11%, and then inside concrete is gradually become
It is more closely knit.Not only CH is carbonized in Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, and C-S-H (C-S-H accounts for more than the 60% of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste) can also be carbonized.The former leads
Calcite is formed, the latter primarily forms cloud tints stone and vaterite.But cloud tints stone and vaterite are unstable, calcite can be converted into.
CaCO3Crystal has three kinds of forms：Calcite, cloud tints stone and vaterite, the density of three kinds of crystal formations are different.So the volume after carbonization becomes
Change in 10-20% ranges.
Ca(OH)2+CO2→CaCO3+H2O (1)
(3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O)+3CO2→(3CaCO3·2SiO2·3H2O) (2)
(2CaO·SiO2)+2CO2+nH2O→(SiO2·nH2O)+2CaCO3 (3)
(3CaO·SiO2)+3CO2+nH2O→(SiO2·nH2O)+3CaCO3 (4)
The method of testing of existing concrete carbonation depth have phenolphthalein indicator method, rainbow indicator method, infrared spectrum analysis,
Thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray analysis, XCT methods, gamma-rays analysis.Wherein XCT methods are non-damage detection methods, but method of testing compared with
For complexity, and it is costly.Other method is damaged method, is evaluated indirectly according to the property of product after concrete carbonization
Carbonation depth, damaged method can cause concrete damage, influence test result.
Main method of the ultrasonic method as non-damaged test method, quality control and existing structure for new construction
Long-term use of state estimation has the function that more important.Ultrasonic method is according to ultrasonic propagation velocity and concrete elastic property
Relation, reflect the quality of inside concrete.It is currently used primarily in Crack Detection and intensity detection of inside concrete etc..Answered
For testing the carbonation depth of concrete, both concrete can be made to avoid nonessential breakage in test process, can made again
Test process simple and fast.But have no relevant report of the ultrasonic detection technology for testing carbonation depth at present.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：For existing non-damaged concrete carbonization depth method of testing it is complicated and costly the problem of,
The present invention provides a kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, and this method can conveniently test ultrasound
Spread speed of the ripple in carbonated concrete, according to corresponding reduction formula, the carbonation depth of concrete is scaled, it is mixed to evaluate
Coagulate the carbonizing degree of soil.
Technical scheme：A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method of the present invention, including it is following
Step：
Step 1, formation of concrete test specimen, it is carbonized after form removal maintenance；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint is carried out to test specimen, obtains the acoustic velocity value of test specimen；
Step 3, the carbonation depth of test specimen is measured using indicator method；
Step 4, the acoustic velocity value to acquisition and carbonation depth value are fitted analysis, draw between acoustic velocity value and carbonation depth
Relation, the carbonation depth of corresponding concrete is then obtained by testing the acoustic velocity value of test specimen.
In above-mentioned steps 1, the test specimen after shaping is stripped after being conserved under certain temperature and humidity environment, preferably in temperature
It is stripped after conserving 24h in the environment of being 70% for 20 DEG C, relative humidity, fog room is put into after the demoulding and continues to conserve；Preferably, support
The condition of shield room is 20 ± 3 DEG C of room temperature, and relative humidity 90%, the time for continuing maintenance is 28d.
Then test specimen is put into carbonization case and be carbonized, when being carbonized to test specimen, the distance between each test specimen is preferably not
Less than 50mm.Carbonization test start after preferably to the CO in case2Concentration, temperature and humidity carry out results of regular determination, according to data measured
Adjust these parameters at any time, it is met carbonization case environmental requirement, that is, be carbonized 20 ± 2 DEG C of the temperature inside the box, relative humidity 70%,
CO2Concentration is 20 ± 2%.Preferably can before carbonization test starts 2 days every 2h determine a case in CO2Concentration, temperature and wet
Degree, later measure every 4h once.
In above-mentioned steps 2, ultrasonic tesint comprises the steps：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, test is super
Sound wave is by time of test specimen, and the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece.When indicating ultrasonic measuring point, it should ensure that each ultrasonic measuring point is uniformly distributed
On test surfaces.
During ultrasonic tesint, couplant can be added, couplant is preferably one kind of vaseline or dextrin.
Preferably, the acoustic velocity value of test specimen is the bulk sound velocity value of different measuring points, and the value can determine according to following formula：
In formula：V be test specimen acoustic velocity value, liFor the supersonic sounding of i-th of measuring point, i=1,2 ... n, n >=3；ti-t0For
I measuring point ultrasonic wave by time of test specimen, wherein, tiFor reading, t during sound in i-th of measuring point concrete0For sound when initial reading.
In above-mentioned parameter, v unit is km/s, can preferably be accurate to 0.01km/s；liUnit be mm, 1mm can be accurate to；ti、t0's
Unit is us, can be accurate to 0.1us.
Further, the supersonic sounding value l of i-th of measuring point is testediWhen, take the average value of at least 3 points of the measuring point.
In above-mentioned steps 3, use indicator method test carbonation depth method for：Test specimen is broken into type, rived on section
Indicator is sprayed, chooses at least ten point test carbonation depth, the carbon using the average value of each measuring point carbonation depth as the test specimen
Change depth.Wherein, test specimen, which breaks type, can use dry sawing, the split the law on pressure testing machine or other method since test specimen one end
Broken type.Phenolphthalein indicator, rainbow indicator or other indicator can be selected in indicator, and phenolphthalein indicator preferred concentration is 1%
Phenolphthalein alcoholic solution (alcoholic solution contains 20% distilled water).
When testing the carbonation depth of each point, when just having coarse aggregate particle on the carbonization line of demarcation at measuring point, can use should
Carbonation depth value of the arithmetic average of carbonation depth as the point at particle both sides.
When testing carbonation depth, carbonation depth measurement is preferably accurate to 0.5mm.
Inventive principle：Concrete can form substantial amounts of hole, CO after hydrated cementitious terminates2Coagulation is entered by hole
Native inside is carbonized, and with the raising of concrete carbonization degree, inside concrete gradually becomes more closely knit；Ultrasonic wave is in coagulation
The quality of spread speed and inside concrete in soil has close relationship, and internal more closely knit, spread speed is faster；By big
The test data of amount, it can be deduced that the relation between ultrasonic velocity and carbonation depth, then can be by testing ultrasonic acoustic
Speed infers the carbonation depth of concrete, to evaluate the carbonizing degree of concrete.
Beneficial effect：Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：(1) concrete carbonization depth of the invention is surveyed
Method for testing establishes concrete carbonization depth test curve based on ultrasonic method, can only need to test under conditions of test specimen is not destroyed
Ultrasonic velocity, you can detect the carbonation depth after concrete, test process ensure that the integrality of style, ensure that simultaneously
Cleave the introduced damage of test specimen；Moreover, the carbonation depth of the invention measured and the carbonation depth error that phenolphthalein method measures are smaller,
The accuracy of test result is ensure that, but method of testing is more succinct；(2) method of the invention is widely used, mixed except that can test
Outside the carbonation depth for coagulating soil, it can also apply to test the characteristics such as the real-time compression strength of concrete.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the relation between C20 concrete ultrasonic velocity and carbonation depth；
Fig. 2 is the relation between C30 concrete ultrasonic velocity and carbonation depth；
Fig. 3 is relation of the C30 concrete (addition mineral admixture) between ultrasonic velocity and carbonation depth；
Pass of the concrete (addition mineral admixture and additive) that Fig. 4 is C30 between ultrasonic velocity and carbonation depth
System；
Fig. 5 is the relation between C50 concrete ultrasonic velocity and carbonation depth.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described further with reference to specific embodiments and the drawings.
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method of the present invention, establishes the concrete based on ultrasonic method
Carbonation depth test curve, ultrasonic velocity only can need to be tested under conditions of test specimen is not destroyed, by corresponding conversion, inspection
Measure the carbonation depth after concrete.
Specifically, a kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method of the invention is mixed according to after carbonization
Molal volume change inside solidifying soil evaluates carbonation depth indirectly, by testing spread speed of the ultrasonic wave in concrete,
And then the compactness after concrete carbonization is evaluated, so as to evaluate carbonation depth.This method can conveniently test ultrasonic wave
Spread speed in carbonated concrete, according to corresponding reduction formula, the carbonation depth of concrete is scaled, to evaluate coagulation
The carbonizing degree of soil；In non-damaged method, this method is convenient and swift, and cost is low.
Embodiment 1
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, specimen molding and carbonization：According to set match ratio shaping C20 concrete sample, conserved after form removal laggard
Row carbonization 28d；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, time of the ultrasonic wave by test specimen is tested,
And the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece；
Step 3, phenolphthalein instruction test：Test specimen is broken into type, phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed on section riving, takes 10 average values
For the carbonation depth of the test specimen；
Step 4, intended by the carbonation depth value drawn to the ultrasonic velocity value that step (2) is drawn with step (3)
Analysis is closed, relation between the two, such as Fig. 1 is established, has drawn the relation between v and d：
D=24.033v2-219.83v+507.11
The regression coefficient R of this formula2=0.7894.
After knowing the relation between v and d, the carbonization that the acoustic velocity value v by testing test specimen can obtain corresponding concrete is deep
Spend d.
Above regression formula coefficient correlation illustrates the validity of the present embodiment with Fig. 1, also show based on ultrasonic method
The feasibility of concrete carbonization depth method of testing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, specimen molding and carbonization：According to set match ratio shaping C30 concrete sample, conserved after form removal laggard
Row carbonization 28d；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, time of the ultrasonic wave by test specimen is tested,
And the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece；
Step 3, phenolphthalein instruction test：Test specimen is broken into type, phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed on section riving, takes 10 average values
For the carbonation depth of the test specimen；
Step 4, intended by the carbonation depth value drawn to the ultrasonic velocity value that step (2) is drawn with step (3)
Analysis is closed, relation between the two, such as Fig. 2 is established, has drawn the relation between v and d：
D=-10.603v2+83.808v-156.34
The regression coefficient R of this formula2=0.9911.
After knowing the relation between v and d, the carbonization that the acoustic velocity value v by testing test specimen can obtain corresponding concrete is deep
Spend d.
Above regression formula coefficient correlation illustrates the validity of the present embodiment with Fig. 2, also show based on ultrasonic method
The feasibility of concrete carbonization depth method of testing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, specimen molding and carbonization：Concrete according to set match ratio shaping C30 admixture mineral admixture tries
Part, carbonization 28d is carried out after being conserved after form removal；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, time of the ultrasonic wave by test specimen is tested,
And the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece；
Step 3, phenolphthalein instruction test：Test specimen is broken into type, phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed on section riving, takes 10 average values
For the carbonation depth of the test specimen；
Step 4, intended by the carbonation depth value drawn to the ultrasonic velocity value that step (2) is drawn with step (3)
Analysis is closed, relation between the two, such as Fig. 3 is established, has drawn the relation between v and d：
D=44.659v2-421.41v+1009.9
The regression coefficient R of this formula2=0.9546.
After knowing the relation between v and d, the carbonization that the acoustic velocity value v by testing test specimen can obtain corresponding concrete is deep
Spend d.
Above regression formula coefficient correlation illustrates the validity of the present embodiment with Fig. 3, also show based on ultrasonic method
The feasibility of concrete carbonization depth method of testing.
Embodiment 4
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, specimen molding and carbonization：According to set match ratio shaping C30 admixture mineral admixture and additive
Concrete sample, carbonization 28d is carried out after being conserved after form removal；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, time of the ultrasonic wave by test specimen is tested,
And the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece；
Step 3, phenolphthalein instruction test：Test specimen is broken into type, phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed on section riving, takes 10 average values
For the carbonation depth of the test specimen；
Step 4, intended by the carbonation depth value drawn to the ultrasonic velocity value that step (2) is drawn with step (3)
Analysis is closed, relation between the two, such as Fig. 4 is established, has drawn the relation between v and d：
D=20.022v2-185.25v+442.9
The regression coefficient R of this formula2=0.8743.
After knowing the relation between v and d, the carbonization that the acoustic velocity value v by testing test specimen can obtain corresponding concrete is deep
Spend d.
Above regression formula coefficient correlation illustrates the validity of the present embodiment with Fig. 4, also show based on ultrasonic method
The feasibility of concrete carbonization depth method of testing.
Embodiment 5
A kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, specimen molding and carbonization：According to set match ratio shaping C50 concrete sample, conserved after form removal laggard
Row carbonization 28d；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, time of the ultrasonic wave by test specimen is tested,
And the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece；
Step 3, phenolphthalein instruction test：Test specimen is broken into type, phenolphthalein indicator is sprayed on section riving, takes 10 average values
For the carbonation depth of the test specimen；
Step 4, intended by the carbonation depth value drawn to the ultrasonic velocity value that step (2) is drawn with step (3)
Analysis is closed, relation between the two, such as Fig. 5 is established, has drawn the relation between v and d：
D=-18.894v2+174.44v-394.43
The regression coefficient R of this formula2=0.8847.
After knowing the relation between v and d, the carbonization that the acoustic velocity value v by testing test specimen can obtain corresponding concrete is deep
Spend d.
Above regression formula coefficient correlation illustrates the validity of the present embodiment with Fig. 5, also show based on ultrasonic method
The feasibility of concrete carbonization depth method of testing.
From above-described embodiment, the concrete carbonization depth method of testing of the invention based on ultrasonic method is widely used,
It is applicable to the test of various types of modern concrete carbonation depths.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Step 1, formation of concrete test specimen, it is carbonized after form removal maintenance；
Step 2, ultrasonic tesint is carried out to test specimen, obtains the acoustic velocity value of test specimen；
Step 3, the carbonation depth of test specimen is measured using indicator method；
Step 4, the acoustic velocity value to acquisition and carbonation depth value are fitted analysis, draw the pass between acoustic velocity value and carbonation depth
System, the carbonation depth of corresponding concrete is obtained subsequently through the acoustic velocity value of test test specimen.
2. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 1 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that step 1
In, the test specimen after shaping is stripped after 24h is conserved in the environment of temperature is 20 DEG C, relative humidity is 70%, and temperature is put into after the demoulding
Spend to continue to conserve 28d in 20 ± 3 DEG C, the fog room that relative humidity is 90%.
3. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 1 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that step 1
In, when being carbonized to the test specimen, the distance between each test specimen is not less than 50mm；Carbonization test start after to the temperature in case
Degree, humidity and CO2Concentration carries out results of regular determination and adjusted in time, environment in carbonization case is met following requirements：Temperature is 20 ± 2
DEG C, relative humidity 70%, CO2Concentration is 20 ± 2%.
4. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 3 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that the carbon
2 days temperature, humidity and CO determined every 2h in a case before change on-test2Concentration, later measure every 4h once.
5. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 1 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that step 2
In, the ultrasonic tesint comprises the steps：After indicating ultrasonic measuring point and measuring supersonic sounding, test ultrasonic wave passes through test specimen
Time, and the acoustic velocity value of calculation testing piece；Wherein, the ultrasonic measuring point is evenly distributed on test surfaces.
6. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 5 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that the examination
The acoustic velocity value of part is the bulk sound velocity value of different measuring points, and the value determines according to following formula：
<mrow>
<mi>v</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>n</mi>
</mfrac>
<munderover>
<mo>&Sigma;</mo>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mrow>
<mi>n</mi>
</munderover>
<mfrac>
<msub>
<mi>l</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mi>i</mi>
</msub>
<mo>-</mo>
<msub>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
In formula：V be test specimen acoustic velocity value, liFor the supersonic sounding of i-th of measuring point, i=1,2 ... n, n >=3；ti-t0For i-th
Measuring point ultrasonic wave by time of test specimen, wherein, tiFor reading, t during sound in i-th of measuring point concrete0For sound when initial reading.
7. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method according to claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that institute
State the supersonic sounding value l of i-th of measuring pointiTake at least 3 points near the measuring point of average value.
8. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 1 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that step 3
In, it is described to be comprised the steps using indicator method test carbonation depth：Test specimen is broken into type, phenolphthalein is sprayed on section refers to riving
Show agent or rainbow indicator, at least ten point test carbonation depth is chosen, using the average value of each measuring point carbonation depth as the examination
The carbonation depth of part.
9. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing based on ultrasonic method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that test each point
Carbonation depth when, when just having coarse aggregate particle on the carbonization line of demarcation at measuring point, take carbonation depth at the particle both sides
Carbonation depth value of the arithmetic average as the point.
10. the concrete carbonization depth method of testing according to claim 8 based on ultrasonic method, it is characterised in that described
It is that type is broken since test specimen one end by the split the law on dry sawing, pressure testing machine that test specimen, which breaks type,.
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