CN107523596B - Method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass raw material and preparing fermentable sugar - Google Patents
Method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass raw material and preparing fermentable sugar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar, which comprises the following steps: deslagging; crushing; performing fluffing; fourthly, mechanical preprocessing is conducted; carrying out fifthly biological enzyme hydrolysis: and (4) fully and uniformly mixing the non-wood fiber raw material and the wood fiber raw material which are processed in the step four, and performing biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment to obtain the fermentable sugar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of efficient utilization of biomass resources and agricultural wastes, and particularly relates to a method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar.
Background
With the increasing global environmental pollution and the gradual depletion of non-renewable energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like, it is important to fully utilize the existing energy sources and seek clean and renewable biomass energy sources to replace fossil energy sources.
In recent years, a huge amount of resource agricultural wastes are generated every year in countries around the world. According to the prediction of experts, as the production progresses and the population further increases, the rate of agricultural wastes increases at 5% to 10% per year, and most of the agricultural wastes are resource agricultural wastes that can be recycled as raw materials under the conditions permitted by the current technology, capital, labor force, and the like. Therefore, agricultural wastes are a huge resource treasury. However, most agricultural wastes are incinerated at present, which not only fails to effectively convert and utilize the agricultural wastes, but also causes great environmental pollution. Therefore, rational utilization of agricultural waste resources has become a problem in common in most countries.
The biomass enzymatic hydrolysis is a novel and green treatment method, organic chemical raw materials such as butanol, acetone and ethanol and biomass fuels can be produced by carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis on wood fiber raw materials and using the obtained fermentable sugar in a fermentation process, and the method can also be used for producing feeds, foods, medicaments and the like. In most cases, the raw material for biological enzyme hydrolysis is selected from wood fiber, and the investment cost is high when the enzyme hydrolysis is carried out, which is not beneficial to industrial production. The use of agricultural wastes for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain fermentable sugars and for other applications has obvious advantages: the method has the advantages of high-efficiency utilization of agricultural wastes, reduction of the load of environmental pollution, obvious reduction of production cost compared with the traditional process for carrying out enzymatic hydrolysis by utilizing wood fibers, simple process, easy operation and full utilization of natural resources.
Through search, the related patent publications on the aspect of preparing fermentable sugar by high-efficiency enzyme hydrolysis of fiber raw materials in the prior art are specifically as follows:
1. CN104561190A discloses a two-step pretreatment method for producing fermentable sugar by bamboo biomass waste enzyme hydrolysis. In the first step of the method, bamboo coarse powder (with the particle size of 0.6-0.85 mm) which is sliced, crushed and sieved is diluted with H2SO4Or soaking the mixture in NaOH for 24-48 h; and secondly, carrying out steam explosion treatment on the impregnated raw materials (the solid-liquid ratio is 1: 10-20, the steam explosion pressure is 1.0-2.0 MPa, and the time is 6-10 min). Finally, performing enzymatic hydrolysis (48-72 h) at 45-60 ℃ by using cellulase and beta-glucosidase with 5-30 FPU/g of substrate to prepare fermentable sugar. The results show that the invention adopts two-step pretreatment to greatly improve the enzyme hydrolysis yield of the raw material, but the pretreatment process is more complex and has higher energy input, so the cost of the pretreatment process is higher; at the same time, the yield of glucose from the final enzymatic hydrolysis of the feedstock is still low.
2. CN102864192A discloses a method for preparing sugar from wood fiber materials. Firstly, mixing a crushed cellulosic raw material (with the particle size of 20-60 meshes) with a tin chloride aqueous solution to obtain a raw material slurry (the mass concentration of the cellulosic raw material is 50-67%, and the mass concentration of the tin chloride is 0.25-2.5%), and then carrying out steam explosion pretreatment on the raw material slurry for 2-5 min under the conditions of 0.6-0.8 MPa and 160-190 ℃. And (3) directly taking the solid-liquid mixture obtained after the reaction as a raw material for enzymatic hydrolysis without separation, adjusting the pH value of the solid-liquid mixture to 4.0-5.0, hydrolyzing for 48-72 h at the temperature of 30-50 ℃, wherein the dosage of cellulase is 15-30 PFU/g cellulose, and obtaining the hydrolysis liquid containing sugar after enzymatic hydrolysis. The method takes agricultural wastes as raw materials, realizes waste utilization, and has the advantages of short operation flow, low energy consumption, high raw material utilization rate and good saccharification effect; however, the use amount of the enzyme is high, so that the use amount of chemicals in the pretreatment process is high, and the production cost is high.
3. CN103981235A discloses a method for improving the efficiency of cellulase to hydrolyze lignocellulose. The method comprises the steps of preparing lignocellulose or pretreated lignocellulose raw materials into a slurry mixed solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1: 5-20, adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to be 4-6, adding 0.1-80 per mill of lysozyme (200-16000U relative to the mass of the absolutely dry raw materials) into the mixed system, and stirring (60-200 revolutions per minute) for 1-120 min at 40-60 ℃ to uniformly mix the slurry and the lysozyme. And then adding 1-40 FPU/g cellulase to perform an enzyme hydrolysis experiment, wherein the enzyme hydrolysis time is 12-120 h, or adding 1-40 FPU/g cellulase while adding lysozyme to the mixed solution, and uniformly mixing at 40-60 ℃ for enzymolysis for 12-120 h. Finally, the efficiency of hydrolyzing lignocellulose by cellulase can be improved by more than 15 percent. The invention improves the mass transfer of a reaction system by utilizing the lysozyme, is beneficial to the adsorption and desorption of the enzyme and the substrate, reduces the ineffective adsorption effect of the cellulase and obviously improves the enzyme hydrolysis efficiency. In addition, the method has the characteristics of simple pretreatment process, low enzyme consumption and low production cost.
4. CN102703545A discloses a pretreatment method for high-efficiency enzymatic hydrolysis of wood waste fibers. The method comprises the step of pretreating wood waste by using a mixed solution of metal chloride and a surfactant (the mass ratio of the metal chloride to the surfactant is 2.4-4.8 (w/w), the mass ratio of a treated liquid volume to a raw material is 6: 1-10: 1(mL/g), the pretreatment temperature is 100-200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0-240 min, and the solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 8). And then, performing cellulase hydrolysis on the pretreated raw materials (the dosage of cellulase is 5-20 FPU/g of substrate, the dosage of beta-glucosidase is 5.6-25 CBU/g of substrate, the concentration of hydrolysate substrate is 2%), and finally the hydrolysis rate reaches 60-91%. The invention realizes the high-efficiency enzyme hydrolysis of the wood waste, and simultaneously adopts higher solid-to-liquid ratio, thereby reducing the volume of the pretreatment liquid medicine and reducing the volume requirement of equipment. However, the pretreatment conditions are harsh, so that the energy input is high, the enzyme dosage in the saccharification process is high, and the production cost is increased.
The processes disclosed in the above patent publications achieve the object of enzymatic hydrolysis and saccharification of fiber raw materials to a high degree by subjecting the raw materials to appropriate chemical pretreatment or chemical-mechanical combined pretreatment. However, due to the complex pretreatment process, the corrosive effect of chemicals on equipment, high energy input, high enzyme dosage and other disadvantages, the efficient utilization of wood fiber raw materials for producing fermentable sugars is subject to technical limitations.
The invention takes two or more biomass raw materials with different characteristics as substrates for enzyme hydrolysis, respectively carries out mechanical pretreatment to a certain extent, mixes the pretreated biomass raw materials, and then carries out synergistic mixed enzyme hydrolysis under the condition of low enzyme dosage to prepare fermentable sugar. At present, a method for performing mixed enzymatic hydrolysis by using two or more biomass raw materials with different characteristics and a method for performing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of different biomass raw materials under a low enzyme dosage condition have not been found, and the present invention is particularly proposed in view of the above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar, which can realize efficient utilization of two or more biomass raw materials with different characteristics and provide a raw material basis for subsequent processing and utilization or production of high value-added products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar comprises the following steps:
deslagging: taking non-wood fiber raw materials, removing slag, removing some non-fiber impurities, and air-drying;
crushing: crushing and screening the slag-removed non-wood fiber raw materials, selecting non-wood raw material components below 20-40 meshes in the screening process, collecting and storing to obtain non-wood raw materials for subsequent use;
performing third step of disintegration: taking wood fiber raw materials and fully defibering the wood fiber raw materials, wherein the mass concentration of defibering slurry is 0.5-5%, the defibering revolution is 5000-30000 revolutions, and then dispersing the wood fiber raw materials for subsequent pulping pretreatment;
fourthly, mechanical preprocessing: grinding the non-wood fiber raw material after the treatment in the second step in a wet grinding mode for pretreatment, and storing the pretreated raw material for later use;
pulping the fully defibered and dispersed wood fiber raw material in the three, then collecting the pretreated raw material, and storing for later use;
carrying out fifthly biological enzyme hydrolysis: fully and uniformly mixing the non-wood fiber raw material and the wood fiber raw material which are processed in the fourth step, and performing biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment to obtain fermentable sugar;
wherein the addition amount of the non-wood fiber raw material is 0.1-70% of the oven dry mass of the wood fiber raw material;
the specific operating conditions of the biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment are as follows: taking a mixture of two or more non-wood fiber raw materials and wood fiber raw materials as an enzyme hydrolysis substrate, adding HAc-NaAc buffer solution to enable the mass concentration of the substrate to be 1-15%, and performing enzyme hydrolysis treatment under an aseptic condition; wherein the conditions of the biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment are as follows: the hydrolysis temperature is 40-60 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 20-120 h, the rotating speed is 100-240 r/min, and the dosage of cellulase is 2-40 FPU/g fiber raw material substrate.
In the first step, the non-wood fiber raw materials are corncob residues, corncobs or liquorice residues; the non-fibrous impurities are plastics, stones or straws.
And in the crushing treatment in the step II, a crusher is used for crushing, a 20-40 mesh screen is used for screening, and raw materials passing through a sieve of 20-40 meshes are collected.
And in the step three, the wood fiber raw material is one or a mixture of more of wood pulp fiber, cotton pulp fiber, bamboo pulp fiber and wheat straw pulp fiber.
In step four, the specific operation conditions for performing the grinding pretreatment by using a grinding method of wet grinding are as follows: the solid-liquid ratio is 1: 4-1: 50, the grinding speed is 300-5000 r/min, and the grinding time is 0.1-120 min;
the specific operation conditions of the pulping pretreatment are as follows: the mass concentration of the pulping liquid is 5% -15%, the pulping revolution is 0-20000 revolutions, and the pulping degree is controlled to be 10-85 DEG SR according to needs.
In the fourth step, grinding pretreatment is performed on the non-wood fiber raw material by using a basket grinder; and (3) pulping and pretreating the fully defibered and dispersed wood fiber raw material by adopting a disc mill or a PFI mill.
Moreover, the pH value of the HAc-NaAc buffer solution in the step fifthly is 4.5-5.0, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing 68.0g of sodium acetate, adding distilled water to dissolve the sodium acetate, then adding 28.6mL of glacial acetic acid, adding distilled water to dilute the glacial acetic acid to 1000mL, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.0
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the method takes two or more fiber substrates with different characteristics as raw materials, carries out mixed enzyme hydrolysis, can carry out advantage complementation by virtue of the characteristics of different fiber raw materials, realizes the high-efficiency utilization of various biomass raw materials, obtains higher production efficiency, and has important significance for the high-efficiency utilization of biomass resources.
2. The raw materials related in the method mainly comprise corncobs, corncob residues and other agricultural and forestry wastes, the fermentable sugar is prepared by performing biological enzyme hydrolysis by using the corncob residues as the raw materials, the method is a clean production process changing waste into valuable, the pressure of environmental protection is relieved, the pressure of the requirement on traditional fossil energy is relieved, and the sustainable development concept of social economy is met.
3. In the invention, the biomass raw material is subjected to proper mechanical pretreatment to a relatively small degree, so that the energy input in the pretreatment process is reduced; by means of a proper pretreatment method, better hydrolysis can be realized under the condition of lower enzyme dosage to obtain fermentable sugar, and the enzyme hydrolysis benefit of the biomass raw material is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples; the following examples are illustrative and not intended to be limiting, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The non-wood fiber raw material used in the invention can be one or a mixture of more of corncob residues, corncobs, liquorice residue and the like.
The wood fiber raw material used in the invention can be one or a mixture of several of wood pulp fiber, cotton pulp fiber, bamboo pulp fiber or wheat straw pulp fiber and other fiber raw materials.
The pH value of the HAc-NaAc buffer solution used in the invention is 4.5-5.0, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: 68.0g of sodium acetate (CH) are weighed out3COONa·3H2O), adding distilled water for dissolution, then adding 28.6mL of glacial acetic acid, adding distilled water for dilution to 1000mL, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.0.
Example 1
A method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) removing residues from the corncob residue raw material, removing some non-fibrous impurities such as plastics, stones or straws and the like, and carrying out air drying treatment;
(2) crushing and screening the corncob residue raw material, selecting a 40-mesh screen for screening, collecting components passing through the 40-mesh screen, and collecting and storing the components for subsequent use;
(3) fully defibering and dispersing the wood pulp fiber raw material for subsequent pulping pretreatment, wherein the specific operating conditions of defibering are as follows: the mass concentration of defibering slurry is 1 percent, and the defibering revolution is 5000 revolutions;
(4) grinding the corncob residues crushed in the step (2) by using a basket grinder for pretreatment, and storing the pretreated raw materials for later use, wherein the concrete operation conditions of the grinding pretreatment are as follows: the grinding solid-liquid ratio is 1:10, the grinding speed is 1000 revolutions per minute, and the grinding time is 30 min;
and (4) pulping the wood fiber raw material fully defibered and dispersed in the step (3), collecting the pretreated raw material, and storing for later use. The concrete operation conditions of pulping pretreatment are as follows: the mass concentration of the pulping liquid is 10%, the pulping revolution is 1000 revolutions, and the obtained pulping degree is 10 DEG SR;
(5) corncob residue was added to the wood pulp fiber raw material in an amount of 10% (w/w, relative to the weight of the wood pulp fiber raw material) and mixed uniformly. Carrying out enzyme hydrolysis on the mixed fiber substrate, wherein the specific operation conditions of the enzyme hydrolysis are as follows: adding HAc-NaAc buffer solution to make the concentration of enzyme hydrolysis substrate be 2%, hydrolysis temperature be 50 deg.C, hydrolysis time be 96h, rotation speed of hydrolysis device be 180 r/min, cellulase dosage be 9FPU/g fiber substrate, to obtain fermentable sugar;
[6] and detecting the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate by using a high performance liquid chromatograph, and calculating the conversion rate of converting cellulose in the substrate into glucose.
And (3) detection results:
under the above-mentioned enzymatic hydrolysis conditions: the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate is 16.2g/L, and the conversion rate of the cellulose in the mixed fiber raw material substrate into glucose is 89.9%.
Example 2
A method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) removing residues from the corncob residue raw material, removing some non-fibrous impurities such as plastics, stones or straws and the like, and carrying out air drying treatment;
(2) crushing and screening the corncob residue raw material, selecting a 40-mesh screen for screening, collecting components passing through the 40-mesh screen, and collecting and storing the components for subsequent use;
(3) fully defibering and dispersing the cotton pulp fiber raw material for subsequent pulping pretreatment, wherein the specific operating conditions of defibering are as follows: the mass concentration of defibering slurry is 1 percent, and the defibering revolution is 10000 revolutions;
(4) grinding the corncob residues in the step (2) by using a basket grinder for pretreatment, and storing the pretreated raw materials for later use, wherein the concrete operation conditions of the grinding pretreatment are as follows: the grinding solid-liquid ratio is 1:10, the grinding speed is 1000 revolutions per minute, and the grinding time is 30 min;
and (4) carrying out pulping pretreatment on the fully defibered and dispersed cotton pulp fiber raw material in the step (3), and then collecting the pretreated raw material for storage and standby. The concrete operation conditions of pulping pretreatment are as follows: the mass concentration of the pulping liquid is 10%, the pulping revolution is 1000 revolutions, and the obtained pulping degree is 15 DEG SR;
(5) and (3) enzymatic hydrolysis: the corncob residue was added to the cotton pulp fiber material in a proportion of 40% (w/w, relative to the weight of the cotton pulp fiber material) and mixed well. Carrying out enzyme hydrolysis on the mixed fiber substrate, wherein the specific operation conditions of the enzyme hydrolysis are as follows: adding HAc-NaAc buffer solution to make the concentration of enzyme hydrolysis substrate be 2%, hydrolysis temperature be 50 deg.C, hydrolysis time be 96h, rotation speed of hydrolysis device be 180 r/min, cellulase dosage be 9FPU/g fiber substrate, to obtain fermentable sugar;
(6) and detecting the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate by using a high performance liquid chromatograph, and calculating the conversion rate of converting cellulose in the substrate into glucose.
And (3) detection results:
under the above-mentioned enzymatic hydrolysis conditions: the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate is 16.2g/L, and the conversion rate of converting cellulose into glucose in the mixed fiber raw material substrate is 78.6%.
Example 3
A method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) removing residues from the corncob residue raw material, removing some non-fibrous impurities such as plastics, stones or straws and the like, and carrying out air drying treatment;
(2) crushing and screening the corncob residue raw material, selecting a 40-mesh screen for screening, collecting components passing through the 40-mesh screen, and collecting and storing the components for subsequent use;
(3) fully defibering and dispersing the wood pulp fiber raw material for subsequent pulping pretreatment, wherein the specific operating conditions of defibering are as follows: the mass concentration of defibering slurry is 1 percent, and the defibering revolution is 30000 revolutions;
(4) grinding the corncob residues in the step (2) by using a basket grinder for pretreatment, and storing the pretreated raw materials for later use, wherein the concrete operation conditions of the grinding pretreatment are as follows: the grinding solid-liquid ratio is 1:50, the grinding speed is 5000 r/min, and the grinding time is 120 min;
and (4) pulping the bamboo pulp fiber raw material fully defibered and dispersed in the step (3), collecting the pretreated raw material, and storing for later use. The concrete operation conditions of pulping pretreatment are as follows: the mass concentration of the pulping liquid is 10%, the pulping revolution is 7500 r, and the obtained pulping degree is 40 DEG SR;
(5) and (3) enzymatic hydrolysis: adding the corncob residues into the bamboo pulp fiber raw material at a ratio of 20% (w/w, relative to the weight of the bamboo pulp fiber raw material), and mixing well. Carrying out enzyme hydrolysis on the mixed fiber substrate, wherein the specific operation conditions of the enzyme hydrolysis are as follows: adding HAc-NaAc buffer solution to make the concentration of enzyme hydrolysis substrate be 2%, hydrolysis temperature be 50 deg.C, hydrolysis time be 96h, rotation speed of hydrolysis device be 180 r/min, dosage of cellulase be 40FPU/g fibre substrate, to obtain fermentable sugar;
(6) and detecting the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate by using a high performance liquid chromatograph, and calculating the conversion rate of converting cellulose in the substrate into glucose.
And (3) detection results:
under the above-mentioned enzymatic hydrolysis conditions: the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate is 19.2g/L, and the conversion rate of converting cellulose into glucose in the mixed fiber raw material substrate is 99.4%.
Example 4
A method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar comprises the following steps:
(1) removing residues from the corncob residue raw material, removing some non-fibrous impurities such as plastics, stones or straws and the like, and carrying out air drying treatment;
(2) crushing and screening the corncob residue raw material, selecting a 20-mesh screen for screening, collecting components passing through the 20-mesh screen, and collecting and storing the components for subsequent use;
(3) fully defibering and dispersing the wood pulp fiber raw material for subsequent pulping pretreatment, wherein the specific operating conditions of defibering are as follows: the mass concentration of defibering slurry is 5 percent, and the defibering revolution is 10000 revolutions;
(4) grinding the corncob residues in the step (2) by using a basket grinder for pretreatment, and storing the pretreated raw materials for later use, wherein the concrete operation conditions of the grinding pretreatment are as follows: the grinding solid-liquid ratio is 1:4, the grinding speed is 300 r/min, and the grinding time is 30 min;
and (4) pulping the wood fiber raw material fully defibered and dispersed in the step (3), collecting the pretreated raw material, and storing for later use. The concrete operation conditions of pulping pretreatment are as follows: the mass concentration of the pulping liquid is 10%, the pulping revolution is 1000 revolutions, and the obtained pulping degree is 12 degrees SR;
(5) and (3) enzymatic hydrolysis: the corncob residue was added to the wood pulp fiber raw material in a proportion of 10% (w/w, relative to the weight of the wood pulp fiber raw material), and mixed uniformly. Carrying out enzyme hydrolysis on the mixed fiber substrate, wherein the specific operation conditions of the enzyme hydrolysis are as follows: adding HAc-NaAc buffer solution to make the concentration of enzyme hydrolysis substrate be 4%, hydrolysis temperature be 50 deg.C, hydrolysis time be 96h, rotation speed of hydrolysis device be 180 r/min, cellulase dosage be 9FPU/g fiber substrate, to obtain fermentable sugar;
(6) and detecting the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate by using a high performance liquid chromatograph, and calculating the conversion rate of converting cellulose in the substrate into glucose.
And (3) detection results:
under the above-mentioned enzymatic hydrolysis conditions: the concentration of glucose in the hydrolysate is 29.0g/L, and the conversion rate of the cellulose in the mixed fiber raw material substrate into glucose is 79.2%.
Claims (5)
1. A method for realizing efficient enzyme hydrolysis of biomass raw materials and preparing fermentable sugar is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
deslagging: taking non-wood fiber raw materials, removing slag, removing some non-fiber impurities, and air-drying;
crushing: crushing and screening the slag-removed non-wood fiber raw materials, selecting non-wood raw material components below 20-40 meshes in the screening process, collecting and storing to obtain non-wood raw materials for subsequent use;
performing third step of disintegration: taking wood fiber raw materials and fully defibering the wood fiber raw materials, wherein the mass concentration of defibering slurry is 0.5-5%, the defibering revolution is 5000-30000 revolutions, and then dispersing the wood fiber raw materials for subsequent pulping pretreatment;
fourthly, mechanical preprocessing: grinding the non-wood fiber raw material after the treatment in the second step in a wet grinding mode for pretreatment, and storing the pretreated raw material for later use;
pulping the fully defibered and dispersed wood fiber raw material in the three, then collecting the pretreated raw material, and storing for later use;
carrying out fifthly biological enzyme hydrolysis: fully and uniformly mixing the non-wood fiber raw material and the wood fiber raw material which are processed in the fourth step, and performing biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment to obtain fermentable sugar;
wherein the addition amount of the non-wood fiber raw material is 0.1-70% of the oven dry mass of the wood fiber raw material;
the specific operating conditions of the biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment are as follows: taking a mixture of two or more non-wood fiber raw materials and wood fiber raw materials as an enzyme hydrolysis substrate, adding HAc-NaAc buffer solution to enable the mass concentration of the substrate to be 1-15%, and performing enzyme hydrolysis treatment under an aseptic condition; wherein the conditions of the biological enzyme hydrolysis treatment are as follows: the hydrolysis temperature is 40-60 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 20-120 h, the rotating speed is 100-240 r/min, and the dosage of cellulase is 2-40 FPU/g fiber raw material substrate;
the method comprises the steps that non-wood fiber raw materials are corncob residues, corncobs or liquorice residues; the non-fibrous impurities are plastics and stones;
and step three, taking wood pulp fiber as a wood fiber raw material.
2. The method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass feedstock and producing fermentable sugars according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the crushing treatment in the step II comprises crushing by using a crusher, screening by using a 20-40 mesh screen, and collecting raw materials passing through a sieve of 20-40 meshes.
3. The method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass feedstock and producing fermentable sugars according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific operation conditions for performing grinding pretreatment by adopting a wet grinding mode in the step four are as follows: the solid-liquid ratio is 1: 4-1: 50, the grinding speed is 300-5000 r/min, and the grinding time is 0.1-120 min;
the specific operation conditions of the pulping pretreatment are as follows: the mass concentration of the pulping liquid is 5% -15%, the pulping revolution is 0-20000 revolutions, and the pulping degree is controlled to be 10-85 DEG SR according to needs.
4. The method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass feedstock and producing fermentable sugars according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: grinding pretreatment is carried out on the non-wood fiber raw material by adopting a basket grinder in the step four; and (3) pulping and pretreating the fully defibered and dispersed wood fiber raw material by adopting a disc mill or a PFI mill.
5. The method for realizing efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass feedstock and producing fermentable sugars according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the pH value of the HAc-NaAc buffer solution in the step fifthly is 4.5-5.0, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing 68.0g of sodium acetate, adding distilled water to dissolve the sodium acetate, then adding 28.6mL of glacial acetic acid, adding distilled water to dilute the glacial acetic acid to 1000mL, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5-5.0.
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