CN107516908B - Distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access - Google Patents
Distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 10
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The invention discloses a power distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access, which comprises the following steps: step 1, classifying low-voltage anti-islanding devices hung in an area according to access positions; step 2, the low-voltage anti-islanding device transmits the upper-level circuit breaker, the switch state and the line voltage to the distributed power supply operation controller, and the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device transmits the grid-connected point current value to the distributed power supply operation controller; step 3, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies an unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy according to a scheduling command of a superior distributed power supply operation maintenance and repair management system and data sent by a low-voltage anti-island device and a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device, and if an unplanned island phenomenon occurs, an unplanned island occurrence area is determined; and 4, coordinating a plurality of low-voltage anti-island devices in the district by the distributed power supply operation controller, and controlling the low-voltage anti-island devices to be put into operation so as to destroy the unplanned island.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a power distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access.
Background
The Islanding Effect (island Effect) refers to an Effect that when a power grid suddenly loses voltage, a grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system still maintains a power supply state to adjacent lines in the power grid. When an electric power overhaul personnel is maintaining a line or equipment related to distributed photovoltaic power generation, once the anti-islanding protection function of the distributed photovoltaic power generation fails, hidden dangers are brought to the field safety operation and other work of the electric power overhaul personnel.
In the early 2013, a special subject research of 'deepening research on related technologies of distributed photovoltaic grid connection' is developed by a national grid company, a special low-voltage anti-islanding device for distributed photovoltaic is researched, and technical specifications of Q/GDW 1974 and 2013 special low-voltage anti-islanding device for distributed photovoltaic are published in the same year. A distributed photovoltaic special low-voltage anti-islanding device comprises an operating switch and a disturbance load. When the distributed photovoltaic power generation system operates in an unplanned isolated island mode, the power balance of the distributed photovoltaic power generation isolated island system is changed, the unplanned isolated island operation is damaged, and the safety of system equipment and related personnel is effectively protected. However, the device is fully manually operated, the automation degree is weak, safety detection and island protection cannot be actively carried out, and when the device is installed on a distribution and transformation voltage bus, once the device is put into use, all circuits of a lower stage are interfered, the interference range is large, and unnecessary influence is generated on a branch circuit without island effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a power distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access, which can accurately judge the occurrence position of an island, quickly and effectively cut off the unplanned island, reduce the island protection interference area and improve the automation degree of distributed photovoltaic safety protection and the operation and maintenance management level of a power distribution network.
The noun explains:
1. low-voltage anti-islanding device:
the anti-islanding device is special safety guarantee equipment capable of actively injecting voltage or frequency disturbance signals into a grid-connected point of the distributed power supply, and avoids failure of islanding detection of inverter equipment.
2. Distributed power supply operation controller:
the distributed power supply operation controller can obtain real-time data, historical data and environmental data of distributed power generation/microgrid operation, realize coordinated operation of the distributed power generation/microgrid and the main network, and correspondingly control the distributed power generation/microgrid and the main network according to actual operation conditions of the distributed power generation/microgrid and the main network.
3. Low-voltage distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device:
the system is applied to a 380V access distributed power supply grid-connected project, integrates functions of information acquisition, remote communication, electric quantity metering, safety encryption and the like, can acquire the power generation power of the distributed power supply and the position information of a grid-connected point switch, and uploads the information through a GPRS wireless module.
4. Unintended islanding:
islanding is unintended and uncontrolled.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access comprises the following steps:
step 1, classifying low-voltage anti-islanding devices hung in an area according to access positions;
step 2, the low-voltage anti-islanding device transmits the upper-level circuit breaker, the switch state and the line voltage to the distributed power supply operation controller, and the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device transmits the grid-connected point current value to the distributed power supply operation controller;
step 3, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies an unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy according to a scheduling command of a superior distributed power supply operation maintenance and repair management system and data sent by a low-voltage anti-island device and a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device, and if an unplanned island phenomenon occurs, an unplanned island occurrence area is determined;
and 4, coordinating a plurality of low-voltage anti-island devices in the district by the distributed power supply operation controller, and controlling the low-voltage anti-island devices to be put into operation so as to destroy the unplanned island.
Preferably, in step 1, the low-voltage anti-islanding device connected to the 380V low-voltage bus is divided into level 1, the low-voltage anti-islanding device connected to the power distribution branch box is divided into level 2, and the low-voltage anti-islanding device connected to the user power distribution box is divided into level 3, wherein the level 1 low-voltage anti-islanding device is at the uppermost end of the incoming line, and the level 3 low-voltage anti-islanding device is at the lowermost end of the incoming line.
Preferably, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies the unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy, wherein:
the judgment basis of the unplanned islanding phenomenon at the access position of the 1 st-level low-voltage anti-islanding device is as follows:
D1d is the state quantity of the superior circuit breaker at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device11 is closed, D10 is open, UaIs a voltage value at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device; i isaThe current value of the grid-connected photovoltaic point is obtained at the low-voltage bus.
Preferably, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies the unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy, wherein:
the basis for judging the occurrence of the unplanned islanding phenomenon at the access position of the 2 nd-level low-voltage anti-islanding device is as follows:
namely, when the protection area is in a single line power supply state and a superior transformer or a 380V low-voltage bus is overhauled, a superior switch of the bus is disconnected D10 or 2 nd-level low-voltage anti-islanding device upper-level switch off D3Detecting the access point voltage U of the low-voltage anti-islanding device as 0CIf more than 0, the photovoltaic grid connection point current value I of the power distribution branch box is connectedCIf the number is more than 0, judging that the photovoltaic connected into the power distribution branch box and the nearby load of the photovoltaic are subjected to unplanned island, and judging that the position where the unplanned island is generated is in the level 2.
Preferably, when a plurality of distributed photovoltaics are connected in a line in an articulated mode, if a superior switch is disconnected and voltage and current at a photovoltaic grid-connected point are detected, it is determined that the unplanned island of the distributed photovoltaics occurs, and then the position of the unplanned island is determined.
Preferably, after the unplanned island occurrence region is determined, the distributed power supply operation controller counts the number of branches with unplanned island phenomena in the bus region, and if the number of branches is more than half of the number of branches in the whole region, the low-voltage anti-island device on the bus side is put into use.
Preferably, after an unplanned island occurrence area is determined, when the distributed power supply operation controller detects that an unplanned island occurs at a 2-level or 3-level low-voltage anti-island device, the low-voltage anti-island device at the unplanned island occurrence position is directly put into use;
when the distributed power supply operation controller detects that unplanned islands occur at the 2-level and 3-level low-voltage anti-island devices at the same time, the corresponding 2-level anti-island devices are put into use.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, when a low-voltage distribution network contains high-permeability distributed photovoltaic, the island generating position can be quickly positioned by the method by depending on a distributed power supply operation controller, so that the input of a low-voltage anti-island device is controlled, the voltage value of a grid-connected line is reduced, the island protection of a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is touched, the inverter is forced to stop operating, and the grid-connected photovoltaic is forced to be disconnected.
Secondly, the method overcomes the defects of large dead zone, insufficient sensitivity and easy interference of external factors of a passive island detection method, overcomes the defects of large current harmonic wave, influence on electric energy quality, serious loss of electrical equipment and poor actual operability of an active island detection method, and makes up the defect that the traditional low-voltage anti-island device does not automatically detect the island state.
And thirdly, the position of the island is accurately judged, the island is quickly and effectively cut unless the island is planned, the island protection interference area is reduced, the automation degree of distributed photovoltaic safety protection and the operation and maintenance management level of the power distribution network are improved, and the personal safety of maintainers is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a power distribution network regional island protection system architecture in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary manner of networking anti-islanding devices according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an islanding removal process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be better understood and implemented by those skilled in the art by the following detailed description of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a power distribution network regional island protection system architecture diagram, which is divided into three layers from top to bottom, namely a scheduling management layer, a coordination control layer and an on-site control layer, wherein the scheduling management layer is provided with a distributed power supply operation and maintenance management system, the coordination control layer is provided with a distributed power supply operation controller, the on-site control layer is provided with a low-voltage anti-island device, a grid-connected interface device and a grid-connected inverter, all devices communicate with each other through a network, and the low-voltage anti-island device can adopt an intelligent low-voltage anti.
A distribution network regional island protection method under distributed photovoltaic scale access comprises the following steps:
step 1, classifying low-voltage anti-islanding devices hung in an area according to access positions;
step 2, the low-voltage anti-islanding device transmits the upper-level circuit breaker, the switch state and the line voltage to the distributed power supply operation controller, and the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device transmits the grid-connected point current value to the distributed power supply operation controller;
step 3, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies an unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy according to a scheduling command of a superior distributed power supply operation maintenance and repair management system and data sent by a low-voltage anti-island device and a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device, and if an unplanned island phenomenon occurs, an unplanned island occurrence area is determined;
and 4, coordinating a plurality of low-voltage anti-island devices in the district by the distributed power supply operation controller, and controlling the low-voltage anti-island devices to be put into operation so as to destroy the unplanned island.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical anti-islanding device networking mode, and preferably, in step 1, a low-voltage anti-islanding device connected to a 380V distribution transformer low-voltage bus is divided into 1 level, a low-voltage anti-islanding device connected to a distribution branch box is divided into 2 levels, and a low-voltage anti-islanding device connected to a user distribution box is divided into 3 levels, wherein the 1 st low-voltage anti-islanding device is at the uppermost end of an incoming line, and the 3 rd low-voltage anti-islanding device is at the lowermost end of the incoming line.
Preferably, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies the unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy, wherein:
the judgment basis of the unplanned islanding phenomenon at the access position of the 1 st-level low-voltage anti-islanding device is as follows:
D1d is the state quantity of the superior circuit breaker at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device11 is closed, D10 is open, UaIs a voltage value at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device; i isaThe current value of the grid-connected photovoltaic point is obtained at the low-voltage bus.
Taking point a in fig. 2 as an example, the criteria of the islanding area are:
D1d is the state quantity of the superior circuit breaker at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device11 is closed, D10 is open, UaIs the voltage of the installation position side of the low-voltage anti-islanding device; i isaIs the photovoltaic grid-connected point current value of the photovoltaic PV4 grid-connected at point a. Namely, when the protection area is in a single line power supply state, D is disconnected due to the maintenance of the upper switch K1 of the transformer1Detecting an anti-islanding device access point voltage U (0)aPhotovoltaic grid-connected point current value I of photovoltaic PV4 with point a grid-connected more than 0aIf the current is more than 0, the grid-connected photovoltaic PV4 and the nearby load are subjected to unplanned island, and the position where the island occurs can be rapidly judged to be a point a.
Preferably, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies the unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy, wherein:
the basis for judging the occurrence of the unplanned islanding phenomenon at the access position of the 2 nd-level low-voltage anti-islanding device is as follows:
namely, when the protection area is in a single line power supply state and a superior transformer or a 380V low-voltage bus is overhauled, a superior switch of the bus is disconnected D10 or 2-stage low-voltage anti-islanding device upper-stage switch (bus outgoing switch) is disconnected D3Detecting the access point voltage U of the low-voltage anti-islanding device as 0CIf more than 0, the photovoltaic grid connection point current value I of the power distribution branch box is connectedCIf greater than 0, thenAnd judging that the photovoltaic connected into the power distribution branch box and the nearby load of the photovoltaic generate an unplanned island, and judging that the position of the unplanned island is at the level 2.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, if a plurality of distributed power sources are connected to a line, such as an L3 line under a switch K3, the criterion of unplanned islanding at point c is as follows:
namely, when the protection area is in a single line power supply state and a superior transformer or a 380V low-voltage bus is overhauled, the superior switch K1 is disconnected D10 or K3 open D3Detecting an anti-islanding device access point voltage U (0)CPhotovoltaic grid-connected point current value I of photovoltaic PV4 with grid-connected points > 0 and cCIf the current is more than 0, the grid-connected photovoltaic PV2 and the nearby load are subjected to unplanned island, and the position where the island occurs can be rapidly judged to be the point c.
When a plurality of distributed photovoltaics are hung in a line, if a superior switch (a superior arbitrary position of a photovoltaic access point) is disconnected, the region is marked to be in a scheduled maintenance stage, and when the fact that voltage and current still exist at a photovoltaic grid-connected point is detected, the distributed photovoltaics are judged to generate an unplanned island, and then the position of the unplanned island is determined.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the step-by-step islanding removal of the low-voltage anti-islanding device access network:
after the unplanned island occurrence region is determined, the distributed power supply operation controller counts the number of branch circuits with unplanned island phenomenon in the bus region, and if the number of the branch circuits accounts for more than half of the number of the branch circuits in the whole region, the branch circuits are put into the low-voltage anti-island device on the bus side. When the distributed power supply operation controller detects that an unplanned island occurs at a 2-level or 3-level low-voltage anti-island device, the distributed power supply operation controller directly switches into the low-voltage anti-island device at the position where the unplanned island occurs; when the distributed power supply operation controller detects that unplanned islands occur at the 2-level and 3-level low-voltage anti-island devices at the same time, the corresponding 2-level anti-island devices are put into use. To regional distributed photovoltaic permeability higher, and insert the low voltage distribution network of many anti-island devices of intelligent low pressure, this tactics can be followed "global control + excision on the spot" two aspects guarantee island phenomenon and eliminate fast, guarantee the safe normal clear of maintenance work.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
firstly, when a low-voltage distribution network contains high-permeability distributed photovoltaic, the island generating position can be quickly positioned by the method by depending on a distributed power supply operation controller, so that the input of a low-voltage anti-island device is controlled, the voltage value of a grid-connected line is reduced, the island protection of a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter is touched, the inverter is forced to stop operating, and the grid-connected photovoltaic is forced to be disconnected.
Secondly, the method overcomes the defects of large dead zone, insufficient sensitivity and easy interference of external factors of a passive island detection method, overcomes the defects of large current harmonic wave, influence on electric energy quality, serious loss of electrical equipment and poor actual operability of an active island detection method, and makes up the defect that the traditional low-voltage anti-island device does not automatically detect the island state.
And thirdly, the position of the island is accurately judged, the island is quickly and effectively cut unless the island is planned, the island protection interference area is reduced, the automation degree of distributed photovoltaic safety protection and the operation and maintenance management level of the power distribution network are improved, and the personal safety of maintainers is guaranteed.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The method for protecting the island of the distribution network area under the distributed photovoltaic scale access is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, classifying low-voltage anti-islanding devices hung in an area according to access positions;
step 2, the low-voltage anti-islanding device transmits the upper-level circuit breaker, the switch state and the line voltage to the distributed power supply operation controller, and the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device transmits the grid-connected point current value to the distributed power supply operation controller;
step 3, the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies an unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy according to a scheduling command of a superior distributed power supply operation maintenance and repair management system and data sent by a low-voltage anti-island device and a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected interface device, and if an unplanned island phenomenon occurs, an unplanned island occurrence area is determined;
step 4, coordinating a plurality of low-voltage anti-island devices in the district by the distributed power supply operation controller, and controlling the low-voltage anti-island devices to be put into operation so as to destroy the unplanned island;
in the step 1, a low-voltage anti-islanding device connected with a 380V low-voltage bus is divided into 1 level, a low-voltage anti-islanding device connected with a power distribution branch box is divided into 2 levels, and a low-voltage anti-islanding device connected with a user distribution box is divided into 3 levels, wherein the 1 st low-voltage anti-islanding device is arranged at the uppermost end of an incoming line, and the 3 rd low-voltage anti-islanding device is arranged at the lowermost end of the incoming line;
the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies the unplanned island according to a self-judging strategy, wherein: the judgment basis of the unplanned islanding phenomenon at the access position of the 1 st-level low-voltage anti-islanding device is as follows:
D1d is the state quantity of the superior circuit breaker at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device11 is closed, D10 is open, UaIs a voltage value at the installation position of the low-voltage anti-islanding device; i isaThe current value of the grid-connected photovoltaic point is obtained at the low-voltage bus.
2. The method for protecting regional islands of a power distribution network accessed under a distributed photovoltaic scale according to claim 1, wherein the distributed power supply operation controller automatically judges and identifies an unplanned island according to a self-judgment strategy, wherein:
the basis for judging the occurrence of the unplanned islanding phenomenon at the access position of the 2 nd-level low-voltage anti-islanding device is as follows:
namely, when the protection area is in a single line power supply state and a superior transformer or a 380V low-voltage bus is overhauled, a superior switch of the bus is disconnected D10 or 2 nd-level low-voltage anti-islanding device upper-level switch off D3Detecting the access point voltage U of the low-voltage anti-islanding device as 0CIf more than 0, the photovoltaic grid connection point current value I of the power distribution branch box is connectedCIf the number is more than 0, judging that the photovoltaic connected into the power distribution branch box and the nearby load of the photovoltaic are subjected to unplanned island, and judging that the position where the unplanned island is generated is in the level 2.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein when a plurality of distributed photovoltaics are connected to a line, if a superior switch is turned off and voltage and current at a photovoltaic grid connection point are detected, it is determined that an unplanned island occurs in the distributed photovoltaics, and then an unplanned island position is determined.
4. The method for protecting the regional island of the power distribution network accessed under the distributed photovoltaic scale according to claim 3, wherein after the occurrence region of the unplanned island is determined, the distributed power supply operation controller counts the number of branches with the unplanned island phenomenon in the bus region, and if the number of branches is more than half of the number of branches in the whole region, the low-voltage anti-island device on the bus side is put into use.
5. The method for protecting the regional island of the power distribution network under the distributed photovoltaic scale access according to claim 4, wherein after an unplanned island occurrence region is determined, when the distributed power supply operation controller detects that an unplanned island occurs at a 2-level or 3-level low-voltage anti-island device, the low-voltage anti-island device at the unplanned island occurrence position is directly put into use;
when the distributed power supply operation controller detects that unplanned islands occur at the 2-level and 3-level low-voltage anti-island devices at the same time, the corresponding 2-level anti-island devices are put into use.
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| CN111555352A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-18 | 广西电网有限责任公司玉林供电局 | Photovoltaic low-voltage protection equipment, control method, control device and storage medium |
| CN115986702B (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-05-30 | 石家庄科林物联网科技有限公司 | Protection monitoring method and device based on multi-factor influence of distributed energy grid-connected point |
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| CN104795838A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent anti-islanding device and automatic islanding detecting and destroying method |
| CN105337308A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-17 | 南京南瑞集团公司 | Grid-side regional distributed photovoltaic operation and maintenance management system and management method |
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| CN104795838A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-22 | 国家电网公司 | Intelligent anti-islanding device and automatic islanding detecting and destroying method |
| CN105337308A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-17 | 南京南瑞集团公司 | Grid-side regional distributed photovoltaic operation and maintenance management system and management method |
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