CN107516299A - Symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method and its application for the conversion of fabric color range - Google Patents
Symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method and its application for the conversion of fabric color range Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000532370 Atla Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/77—Retouching; Inpainting; Scratch removal
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T5/00—Image enhancement or restoration
- G06T5/90—Dynamic range modification of images or parts thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/12—Cloth
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
- G06T2207/30124—Fabrics; Textile; Paper
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The application is related to a kind of symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method for the conversion of fabric color range, it is characterized in that carrying out error DIFFUSION TREATMENT twice using multi thresholds error diffusion method, error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is sequentially on the contrary, dispersal direction is on the contrary, diffusion ratio is identical twice.First time multi thresholds error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is using 1 threshold error diffusion of 2n, the aim colour class number of image is 2n 1, dispersal direction be that four, pixel periphery angle is adjacent successively and adjacent angular it is poor be 45 degree direction, dispersal direction is consistent with processing direction as a complete unit；Second of multi thresholds error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is spread using n threshold error, and aim colour class number is n.The application method is easy to use, disclosure satisfy that and visually increases image gamut on the basis of existing fabric structure, reduces image shift, while do not influence textile image resolution ratio.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to a kind of digital jacquard woven fabric color that improves from higher color range number to going out during relatively low color range number merger
The uneven method and its application of existing color hierarchy transition.
Background technology
The color color range number of digital jacquard woven fabric is extremely limited, much smaller than the color range number of image, therefore its color hierarchy
Transition effect is very poor.In the more rich pattern of weaving color, technologists are generally according to fabric during image color segmentation
Organize to carry out merger to the color in image, similar color is replaced with same color, then carries out technological design again
And weaving, the fabric so woven are easy to produce obvious mosaic phenomenon, while a large amount of loss of image color are caused,
Make textile design serious distortion.This phenomenon is eliminated in order to alleviate, generally image is shaken with the softwares such as Photoshop
Or Fuzzy Processing, but the definition of image can be reduced while elimination mosaic phenomenon.
The method spread using error can be obviously improved what image came from higher color range number to relatively low color range number transfer zone
Problem, its principle is the colour generation characteristic of the low-frequency filter characteristicses and image using human eye vision, when being observed outside certain distance, people
Eye is by spatially several or more point close to each other is considered as an entirety, and using its average gray as the area in image
The overall gray value in domain, so as to form the effect of continuous tone on the whole.
Error diffusion is a kind of neighborhood processing algorithm, is commonly used to gray-scale map in the conversion of bianry image.Traditional
The operation principle of error diffusion algorithm is：A threshold value T is given, if the input of original image a certain pixel is A, exports as B, then measures
Changing error is.Original image is converted into the range of [0,1] of bianry image, to entire image according to from left to right, on to
Under order change point by point, the value of every bit is compared with threshold value T-phase, and if greater than or equal to threshold value, then the point is set to 1, no
Then it is set to 0.Quantization error h caused by comparing every time is diffused into the adjacent point not yet changed according to certain ratio
On.For subsequent point, the quantization error of diffusion is first superimposed with, then again compared with threshold value T-phase, and by new quantization error
H is diffused on the point not yet changed, and is so repeated, complete until converting a little.In this way, point
Transformed error is compensated when subsequent point is changed, and the cumulative errors of entire image are close to zero.Because of the mistake of error diffusion algorithm
Difference can only to it is untreated point spread, its dispersal direction be usually right side, bottom right, under, the asymmetrical direction in lower-left four, therefore place
The skew of a direction occurs in image after reason.Because the tissue spot size of digital jacquard woven fabric is larger, therefore even if one
The offset of two pixels, it can then show significantly to offset on the textile design woven, influence the matter of textile images
Amount.
The particular content of prior art refers to：
（1）N Damera-Venkata. Analysis and design of vector error diffusion
Systems for image halftoning [D], Texas: University of Texas at Austin, 2000.
（2）Several conventional digital halftone algorithm [J] prepress techniques, 2009,59 (2) are brief talked in dawn celebrating：16-
18。
（3）Research [D] the Xi'an of Ma Lijuan colorful digital halftone techniques：Xian Electronics Science and Technology University, 2010.
（4）Research [D] the Jilin of Wang Yan prestige digital halftone technologies：Jilin University, 2010.
（5）Magnify Halftone Algorithm for Error Diffusion [D] the Xi'an of peaceful view-based access control models difference feedback：Xi'an electronics technology is big
Learn, 2012.
The content of the invention
The technical problem that the application solves is to overcome above shortcomings in the prior art, and provide it is a kind of it is improved should
Symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method and its application process for the conversion of digital jacquard texture color image color range.For number
Code jacquard fabric features, the color range number that the advanced digital jacquard technologies such as full colour developing can be expressed visually is greatly increased, and
Effectively avoid the target image shift phenomenon that traditional error diffusion algorithm is brought.
Technical scheme includes used by the application solves above-mentioned technical problem：One kind improves digital jacquard woven fabric color range
Level uneven symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method during conversion, it is characterized in that carrying out two using multi thresholds error diffusion method
Secondary error DIFFUSION TREATMENT, twice error DIFFUSION TREATMENT（Scanning）Sequentially on the contrary, dispersal direction is on the contrary, diffusion ratio（Relative or phase
Opposite direction）It is identical.I.e. by symmetrical DIFFUSION TREATMENT, mistake when any pixel point is changed from higher color range number to relatively low color range number
Difference symmetrically spreads to the pixel periphery, so as to eliminate target image shift phenomenon.
The method of multi thresholds error diffusion is：
For the CMYK primary colours color separation figures that a width color range number is m, it is first determined fabric structure during weaving and its right
The color range series n answered（M, n are integer and 1 ＜ n ＜ m）, according to corresponding to the gray-level characteristic of fabric manufacture equipment determines each color range of primary colours
Color gray value, and as threshold value Ti（i=1,2,3……n）；By the pixel in each single primary color image point by point with Ti phases
Compare, the color gray value of current pixel point is replaced with the threshold value Ti of nearest pixel point value, and caused quantization error is pressed
It is diffused into according to the principle of error diffusion along certain direction and ratio on the pixel of adjacent not processed mistake, so point by point line by line
Carry out successively, until all pixels point is disposed.Sum up and be exactly, the high color range color of image gray value of some pixel to
Conversion value during low color range color of image grayvalue transition is immediate threshold value, and transformed error is untreated to the pixel periphery
Direction diffusion.
The special case of the method for multi thresholds error diffusion is and adjacent angular adjacent successively to four, pixel periphery angle
Difference spreads for 45 degree of direction, and dispersal direction is consistent with processing direction as a complete unit（I.e. when processing sequence is from left to right, from
During top to bottm, dispersal direction generally bottom right；Processing sequence for from right to left, from top to bottom when, dispersal direction generally upper left；
Dispersal direction integrally can also be lower-left or upper right）.
Symmetrical DIFFUSION TREATMENT makes two bites at a cherry.First time multi thresholds（2n-1）Error spreads, the aim colour class of image
Number is 2n-1（1 ＜ n ＜ 2n-1 ＜ m）；Second of multi thresholds（N）Error spreads, and it is n to reset aim colour class number, from
The point by point scanning of opposite direction reverse order is carried out.Error diffusion twice is carried out by multi thresholds error diffusion principle, accordingly（That is phase
Pair or it is opposite）Diffusion ratio on direction is identical；Such as 2n-1 threshold error diffusion is carried out for the first time, according to single primary color image
By stages is carried out successively, its dispersal direction be respectively right side, bottom right, under, lower-left four direction, handle（Scanning）Order is from first
Row's Far Left pixel starts point-by-point processing and arrives first row rightmost pixel, then from left to right handles second row, so according to
Secondary progress, until last row's rightmost pixel, i.e. first time multi thresholds error DIFFUSION TREATMENT order are first left back for same row
The right side, difference row are first up and then down（I.e. from left to right, from top to bottom）；The dispersal direction of corresponding second of n threshold error diffusion
Respectively a left side, upper left, upper, upper right four direction, processing sequence are same row first right rear left, and difference row gets on, get off（I.e. from the right side
To a left side, from top to bottom）, i.e., it is just opposite with 2n-1 threshold error diffusion order of first time.
Corresponding second order error diffusion ratio can be but be not limited to 7/16:3/16:3/16:3/16.
Spread by symmetrical error twice, avoid the shift phenomenon occurred after image procossing, while improve error expansion
Texture is dissipated, reduces moire phenomenon.
Technical scheme also includes used by the application solves above-mentioned technical problem：A kind of symmetrical multi thresholds error diffused sheet
The application process of method, comprises the following steps：
Determine primary colours yarn, fabric tissue and its corresponding color range series；
Single primary colours GTG colour atla, weaving colour atla, measurement colour atla are generated according to selected tissue and its color range number, obtain the ash of equipment
Rank characteristic, and write corresponding GTG and define file；
Weaving image is treated to carry out（Special case is CMYK）Primary colours color separation, while file is defined to color separated image according to upper according to GTG
State symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method and carry out symmetrical DIFFUSION TREATMENT, complete the merger from higher color range number to relatively low color range number；
Process establishment；
Weaving.
It is color range grade and fabric manufacture equipment gray-level characteristic according to corresponding to fabric tissue that herein described GTG, which defines file,
The file write, mainly include color range grade and corresponding color gray value.
The color separation of herein described image to be weaved and symmetrical multi thresholds error DIFFUSION TREATMENT are by means of compiled point
What color software was carried out.
It is herein described（Color separation figure）Process establishment is completed in line knits CAD, mainly called including fabric tissue,
Tissue laying, merge design sketch, make the steps such as card.The selected tissue of image weaving, yarn, thread count, loom etc.
Process conditions are consistent with used process conditions during weaving colour atla.
The application process of the application is actually digital jacquard fabric knitting method, and it is only carried out to color separated image
Improved symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method is employed during merger of the higher color range number to relatively low color range number, remaining step is existing
There is technology.
The application has advantages below and effect：
（1）Image is handled using multi thresholds error diffusion principle, the irregular phenomenon of color range transition can be eliminated, realize textile image
The abundantization of color visually；
（2）The application of error diffusion twice, the target image shift phenomenon that single error diffusion zone comes can be eliminated, is optimized simultaneously
Error diffusion effect；
（3）From the angle of processing image, using existing institutional framework and its corresponding color range series, avoid and pass through group
Knit error rate height, the Weaving Cycle increase that design method increase color range series is brought（Influence image resolution ratio）The problem of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the direction of first time error of embodiment of the present invention diffusion, ratio, effect diagram.
Fig. 2 is second of error of the embodiment of the present invention（Symmetrically）The direction of diffusion, ratio, effect diagram.
Fig. 3 is that second order error of the embodiment of the present invention spreads the direction to combine, ratio, effect diagram.
Fig. 4 is the gradual change artwork when embodiment of the present invention is applied.
Fig. 5 is gradual change artwork shown in Fig. 4（Higher color range number）To relatively low color range（14 grades）Image after number conversion.
Fig. 6 is 14 grades of images after processing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the undressed 14 grades of material pictures of prior art.
Fig. 8 is 14 grades of material pictures after processing of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the principle flow chart of the symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is applicating flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention in digital jacquard technology.
Embodiment
It is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment to the application, following examples are to this Shen
Explanation please and the application is not limited to following examples.
The symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion principle of the present embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1~Figure 10, symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method proposed by the present invention is mainly used in digital jacquard technology and knitted
Make in the primary colours color separations of early stage.The error diffusion method is carried out successively according to each single primary color image by stages of CMYK.It is missed
Difference diffusion realization principle be：Image after one color separation is compressed to n levels from m levels（N is integer and 1 ＜ n ＜ m, and n is by selected
Fabric tissue determine）, by taking single primary color image as an example, determine that each color range of primary colours is corresponding according to the gray-level characteristic of fabric manufacture equipment first
Color gray value, and as threshold value（Conversion value or standard value of the primary colours in the color range section）Ti（i=1,2,3……
n）；Pixel in single primary color image is compared with threshold value Ti point by point, replaced currently with the threshold value Ti of nearest pixel point value
The color gray value of pixel, and caused quantization error is spread according to the principle that error spreads along certain direction and ratio
Onto the pixel of adjacent not processed mistake, so carry out successively line by line point by point, until all pixels point is disposed.Each single base
Color image carries out error diffusion according to the method described above, final to obtain n level color range images.The multi thresholds error diffusion of the present embodiment
The dispersal direction of method be the right side, bottom right, under, lower-left four direction, the error diffusion ratio of all directions can be but be not limited to 7/
16:3/16:3/16:3/16。
In order to avoid the skew of image, the present invention proposes the symmetrical method of diffusion of multi thresholds error diffusion method simultaneously, i.e.,
Error diffusion is made two bites at a cherry.What error spread twice is in opposite direction, and diffusion ratio in the corresponding direction is identical, so that
It is symmetrical to obtain the effect of error diffusion twice, avoids single error from causing the phenomenon of image shift after spreading.Spread with general error
The step of method, is identical, and the process of each error diffusion is mainly completed in two steps：（1）Thresholding, produce quantization error；（2）Will
Quantization error spreads wherein four dispersal directions that are added in proportion（Four adjacent dispersal directions for the first time, the second sub-symmetry
Remaining four adjacent dispersal direction）Neighbor pixel on.Referring to shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 3.
It should be noted that when first time error spreads, aim colour class number is 2n-1, it is necessary to which n level threshold spreads are arrived
2n-1 level threshold values, such as 14 grades of threshold values will extend to 27 grades of threshold values, that is, the increase by 1.5,2.5 among 1 ~ 14 grade of threshold value,
3.5 ... 13.5 13 grades of threshold values altogether, wherein each newly-increased intermediate threshold is the median of two neighboring threshold value, such as 1.5 threshold values
It is exactly the average value of threshold value 1 and threshold value 2（The average value of the color gray value of color range 1 and color range 2）, 10.5 threshold values are exactly threshold value 10
With the average value ... of threshold value 11, the error space is provided to be spread for second of error；Then spread according to above-mentioned multi thresholds error
Principle is handled, and first time error spreads to the end of after the completion of each primary color image all pixels point is handled；Reset mesh
It is n to mark color range series, and second of error diffusion is carried out according to opposite direction point by point scanning.Error diffusion twice is according to above-mentioned more
Threshold error method of diffusion by stages is carried out.Such as an image is gone to 14 grades, it is necessary to which to be gone to 27 first grading by 256 grades
Row first time error DIFFUSION TREATMENT, then again by the image after processing from 27 grades to 14 level conversions, second of error diffusion is carried out,
Now with first time error DIFFUSION TREATMENT order on the contrary, four dispersal directions are also opposite.Fig. 9 shows that the application proposes symmetrical
The principle flow chart of multi thresholds error diffusion method.
The present invention is during the application in terms of digital jacquard fabric knitting is used primarily in image color segmentation, referring to figure
10。
Implementing step is：
1st, weaving primary colours yarn, fabric tissue and its corresponding color range series to be used is determined；
2nd, single primary colours GTG colour atla, weaving colour atla, measurement colour atla are generated according to selected tissue and its color range number, obtains weaving and set
Standby gray-level characteristic, while write corresponding GTG and define file；
3rd, image color segmentation.Image to be weaved is imported primary colours color separation is carried out in color separation software, while file is defined according to GTG and entered
Row error DIFFUSION TREATMENT, the color separated image after being handled.
4th, the color separated image after error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is imported into special line to knit in CAD, a series of technique is carried out to it
Compilation and design；
5th, looming weaving.
Describe the concrete application method of the present invention in detail by taking Fig. 4 as an example.
The gradual change figure shown in Fig. 4 is weaved, from green grass or young crops（C）, it is pinkish red（M）, it is yellow（Y）, it is black and white（K, K include black-and-white two color）Color
Yarn is weaved.
Specific implementation method is as follows：
1st, dyed yarn primary colours are determined, select fabric tissue, and determine corresponding color range series.The present embodiment is from blue or green（C）, it is pinkish red
（M）, it is yellow（Y）, it is black and white（K, K include black-and-white two color）As primary colours dyed yarn, wherein white yarn passes through, remaining dyed yarn is knitted as latitude
Make.Selected tissue is the full colour developing tissue organized based on 16 pieces of satin weaves, the primary colours color range series corresponding to it
For 14 grades, i.e., C, M, Y, K gradual change are comprising 14 kinds of changes.
2nd, single primary colours GTG colour atla, weaving colour atla, measurement colour atla are generated according to selected tissue and its color range number, obtained each
Color gray value corresponding to color range, and corresponding GTG is write according to the gray-level characteristic and defines file.GTG in the present embodiment
File is defined mainly including color gray value corresponding to the color range sum of series shown in table 1.
3rd, after the gradual change figure in Fig. 4 is modified slightly according to weaving demand, special color separation software AT Soft are imported
Primary colours color separation is carried out in Proof, while imports above-mentioned GTG and defines file to the image error DIFFUSION TREATMENT after color separation, error expansion
Scattered image effect before and after the processing is as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6.
3rd, the color separated image that error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is crossed be directed respectively into special line knitted and process establishment is carried out in CAD software,
The technological designs such as tissue laying, card making are completed, are prepared for weaving.
Used dyed yarn, tissue and corresponding technological parameter when the 4, from weaving colour atla, complete a systems such as warping, quilling
The weaving preparatory process of row.
5th, looming weaving.
After the completion of image weaving, its finished product material object effect is as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8.Visible, the present invention is contrasted by pictorial diagram
The application of the symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method proposed improves significantly for digital jacquard textile image gradation
Effect.
Simple deformation or the combination of every present techniques feature and technical scheme, it is considered that fall into the protection of the application
Scope.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method for the conversion of fabric color range, it is characterized in that being spread using multi thresholds error Method carries out error DIFFUSION TREATMENT twice, and error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is sequentially on the contrary, dispersal direction is on the contrary, diffusion ratio is identical twice.
- 2. symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：At first time multi thresholds error diffusion Reason is spread using 2n-1 threshold error, and the aim colour class number of image is 2n-1, and dispersal direction is four, pixel periphery angle The direction that it is 45 degree that the adjacent successively and adjacent angular of degree is poor, dispersal direction are consistent with processing direction as a complete unit；Second more Threshold error DIFFUSION TREATMENT is spread using n threshold error, and aim colour class number is n.
- 3. symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：At first time multi thresholds error diffusion The processing sequence of reason is from left to right, from top to bottom, dispersal direction be followed successively by the right side, bottom right, under, lower-left.
- 4. the symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that：Multi thresholds error spreads twice The diffusion ratio of processing is 7/16 successively,:3/16、3/16、:3/16.
- 5. a kind of application process of symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method, comprises the following steps：Determine primary colours yarn, fabric tissue and its corresponding color range series；Single primary colours GTG colour atla, weaving colour atla, measurement colour atla are generated according to selected fabric tissue and its color range series, acquisition is knitted The gray-level characteristic of manufacturing apparatus, and write corresponding GTG and define file；Treat weaving image and carry out primary colours color separation, while file is defined to primary colours color separated image according to claim 1 according to GTG Symmetrical multi thresholds error diffusion method carries out two sub-symmetry diffusions described in~4 any claims；Process establishment；Weaving.
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