CN107515361A - A kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method and system - Google Patents
A kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107515361A CN107515361A CN201710590803.0A CN201710590803A CN107515361A CN 107515361 A CN107515361 A CN 107515361A CN 201710590803 A CN201710590803 A CN 201710590803A CN 107515361 A CN107515361 A CN 107515361A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1245—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/003—Environmental or reliability tests
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method and system, including：Test voltage is applied to insulator and icing is carried out under charged condition；After the insulator reaches default icing degree, icing is hardened；Insulator after being hardened to icing carries out ice-melt, until reaching ice-melt state；Powered ice-melt flashover test is carried out to the insulator of the ice-melt state.A kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method and system provided by the invention farthest reduce icing flashover phenomenon, simulate ice-melt flashover operating mode of the insulator in transmission line of electricity by the operating process of system specifications.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical engineering field, more particularly, to a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method and
System.
Background technology
At present, with rapid development of economy, the demand to electric power energy is also to sharply increase.Due to transmission capacity is big,
Long transmission distance, transmission line of electricity pass through the mountain ridge, lake, are highly prone to the threat of icing disaster, China from since the establishment of the nation by
Repeatedly serious icing disaster, different degrees of loss is caused to transmission line of electricity and equipment.Insulator is as in transmission line of electricity
The important component of suspension and insulating effect is played, its lending analysis is also inevitably influenceed by icing.In recent years,
Domestic and international power domain colleges and universities and scientific research institution establish simulation transmission of electricity in high-potting hall and manual simulation climate room in succession
Line ice coating pilot system, and substantial amounts of experimental study has been carried out to lending analysis of the insulator under icing environment.
For the anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of 500kV voltage class, its electrical distance is very long, domestic
System research was not carried out to the powered icing of anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of 500kV voltage class outside.Rare research aircraft
Structure is to carry out icing flashover discharge test to the common insulator of low-voltage-grade in the controlled environment chamber, and ice-melt flashover test side
Method is the situation of icing flashover most serious, and there is presently no the powered ice-melt sudden strain of a muscle that research institution carries out anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator
Network is tested, more without the progress powered ice-melt flashover test of the anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulators of 500kV.
The content of the invention
Present invention offer is a kind of to be overcome above mentioned problem or solves the above problems at least in part a kind of insulator charged
Ice-melt flashover test method and system.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method, including：
Test voltage is applied to insulator and icing is carried out under charged condition；
After the insulator reaches default icing degree, icing is hardened；
Insulator after being hardened to icing carries out ice-melt, until reaching ice-melt state；
Powered ice-melt flashover test is carried out to the insulator of the ice-melt state.
Wherein, pre-processed before carrying out icing to the insulator, the pretreatment includes：
Surface is carried out to the insulator to defile；
Shower water is sprayed to the insulator after defiling, the insulator surface after described defile forms one layer of thin ice.
Wherein, it is described that icing is hardened after the insulator reaches default icing degree, including：
Judge whether the insulator reaches default icing degree according to the token state of icing degree；
If the token state of the icing degree of the insulator reaches preset value, icing is hardened；
Wherein, the token state of the icing degree includes icing weight and ice slush length.
Wherein, it is described to carry out icing under charged condition, including：
According to the preset value of the token state of the icing degree, horizontal component, vertical component, the electrical conductivity of adjustment icing water
And wind speed.
Wherein, the insulator after the hardening to icing carries out ice-melt, until reach ice-melt state, including：
Keep test voltage constant, lift environment temperature, the icing is melted according to pre-set velocity；
When mixture of ice and water occurs in the icing, judgement is now ice-melt state.
Wherein, the insulator to the ice-melt state carries out powered ice-melt flashover test, including：
Lifting test voltage, holding environment is temperature-resistant, and the insulator of the ice-melt state is observed in preset duration is
No generation flashover；
If flashover does not occur for the insulator of the ice-melt state in preset duration or ice-melt largely comes off, described in judgement
Insulator is resistant under this test voltage.
Wherein, the test voltage is：
The power-frequency voltage according to corresponding to applying the voltage class of the insulator.
Wherein, the insulator is the anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of 500kV voltage class.
The present invention also provides a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test system, including：
Icing module, for applying test voltage to insulator and icing being carried out under charged condition；
Module is hardened, for after the insulator reaches default icing degree, being hardened to icing；
Ice-melt module, ice-melt is carried out for the insulator after being hardened to icing, until reaching ice-melt state；
Tentative module, for carrying out powered ice-melt flashover test to the insulator of the ice-melt state.
The operation stream that a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method and system provided by the invention pass through system specifications
Journey, icing flashover phenomenon is farthest reduced, simulate ice-melt flashover operating mode of the insulator in transmission line of electricity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the environment map of phjytotron provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test system construction drawing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Implement below
Example is used to illustrate the present invention, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：
S1, test voltage is applied to insulator and icing is carried out under charged condition；
S2, after the insulator reaches default icing degree, icing is hardened；
S3, ice-melt is carried out to the insulator after icing hardening, until reaching ice-melt state；
S4, the insulator to the ice-melt state carry out powered ice-melt flashover test.
The test method middle progress in the controlled environment chamber, glaze, the snow river in Jiangsu Province which flows into the Huangpu River of Shanghai and mixing are simulated in the phjytotron
The condition of the river in Jiangsu Province which flows into the Huangpu River of Shanghai, ice-melt lamp is additionally provided with phjytotron, can provide ice-melt with simulated solar irradiation, Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention carries
The environment map of the phjytotron of confession.
As shown in Fig. 2 insulator is adjusted into clearance distance, hang on electric block in the controlled environment chamber, electronic calabash
Be connected with gravity sensor between reed and insulator, any part of insulator with addition to the support and nozzle post of insulator
Minimum spacing between any ground connection thing is not less than 5m.
As shown in Fig. 2 insulator is connected by wall bushing with external voltage controller, the external voltage controller bag
Testing transformer is included, for the size of Control experiment voltage, and adjusts the size of voltage, and voltage measurement system, for i.e.
When to test voltage carry out reading, be easy to lock insulator withstanding voltage size.
In step S1, the insulator be in transmission line of electricity commonly use insulation control, the embodiment of the present invention using
The anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of 500kV voltage class, but it is understood that, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited only to such a insulation
Son.
In step S1, the test voltage is the power-frequency voltage inputted according to insulator model, and the embodiment of the present invention provides
500kV voltage class anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator, that is, the test voltage applied be 318kV power-frequency voltage.
In step S1, it is to open the shower nozzle shown in Fig. 2 that powered icing is carried out to insulator so that the icing that shower nozzle sprays
Water can be uniformly sprinkled upon on the insulator, in the process, keep the power-frequency voltage of input constant.
In step S2, the default icing degree is the icing degree controlled according to experimental condition, adjustable to test
Parameter, the icing degree set according to test parameters, the wind speed and electrical conductivity and the level of shower nozzle water drenching point of regulation icing water
Amount and vertical component.
In step S2, it is described icing is carried out hardening be in order to prevent that ice-out is too fast, while be also simulate as far as possible
Actual conditions, in general, it is -7 DEG C by hardening temperature control, firm time is maintained at more than 40min.On the other hand, icing tries
It is long to test duration, if not hardened to icing, ice may melt during experiment is carried out, to experiment
Simulation has very big interference.
In step S3, the insulator after the hardening to icing carries out ice-melt, and ice-melt is melting in opening phjytotron
Ice lantern directly allows natural light irradiation so that temperature rise is, it is necessary to which explanation, can control temperature in deicing processes in climatic chamber
Elevated speed is spent, speed is traditionally arranged to be rises 1.5 DEG C per hour.
In step S3, ice-melt state is the state for occurring dripping in icing, is now that insulator is likely to occur flashover
Most extremity.When the flashover is the gas or breakdown liquid dielectric around solid insulator, along solid insulation sublist
The phenomenon of face electric discharge, after flashover occurs, interelectrode voltage quickly falls to zero or close to zero.Spark in flashover passage or
Electric arc makes insulating surface hot-spot cause to carbonize, and damages surface insulation.
In step S4, the powered ice-melt flashover test is to improve test voltage, and insulation is observed in preset duration
Whether son there is flashover.
Insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, simulates insulator in transmission line of electricity
Ice-melt flashover operating mode, and flashover whether occurs to insulator and carries out Validity Test.
On the basis of embodiment described in Fig. 1, pre-processed before carrying out icing to the insulator, the pretreatment includes：
Surface is carried out to the insulator to defile；
Shower water is sprayed to the insulator after defiling, the insulator surface after described defile forms one layer of thin ice.
Wherein, the pretreatment is in order to allow the more accurate of test simulation and the additional operations of progress, due in reality
In transmission line of electricity, insulator surface is washed away due to erosions such as rainwater can be in surface contamination spot.In general, tested
Before, surface can be carried out to insulator and defiled so that tested the insulator used and more meet time of day.
Wherein, carrying out pretreatment to insulator before the test includes defiling and spraying shower water, and now spraying process is
Spray by hand, insulator surface is formed one layer of thin ice parcel insulator, prevent icing process from causing to wash away to filth；
Pretreating scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is not only defiled to insulator, and in order to protect spot
It will not in test be destroyed, spray shower water on insulator top layer by hand so that experiment is more accurate.
It is described after the insulator reaches default icing degree on the basis of embodiment described in Fig. 1, icing is entered
Row hardening, including：
Judge whether the insulator reaches default icing degree according to the token state of icing degree；
If the token state of the icing degree of the insulator reaches preset value, icing is hardened；
Wherein, the token state of the icing degree includes icing weight and ice slush length.
The token state of the icing degree characterizes according to icing weight and the bridge joint order of severity of icing, due to icing
The bridge joint order of severity can not be measured directly, therefore the ice slush length formed using insulator umbrella inner room is come to bridging the order of severity
Characterized.
Wherein, the icing weight is read out according to the gravity sensor connected between electric block and insulator, is led to
Photograph taking is crossed to determine the ice slush length between insulator gamp.
In general, it is 6kg that the preset value of the token state of icing degree is set into icing weight, and ice slush length is 120mm, if
The token state of icing degree has reached the preset value in icing process, then stops icing, and starts to harden icing, if
The token state of icing degree is not up to preset value in icing process, then continues to carry out icing to insulator, until a certain moment
Reach preset value.
The embodiment of the present invention determines icing weight and ice slush length come to icing journey by gravity sensor and photograph taking
Accurate Characterization is spent, improves the uniformity of Artificial simulative experiments and nature icing flashover.
It is described to carry out icing under charged condition on the basis of above-described embodiment, including：
According to the preset value of the token state of the icing degree, horizontal component, vertical component, the electrical conductivity of adjustment icing water
And wind speed.
In order to reach default icing weight and ice slush length, icing operation is carried out to insulator, needed in operating process
Adjust horizontal component, vertical component, electrical conductivity and the wind speed of icing water.In general, the electrical conductivity of icing water is adjusted to 110 μ
S/cm, the horizontal component and vertical component of icing water are adjusted to 2mm/min, and environment temperature is reduced to -10 DEG C, and 5 hours used times are to insulation
Son carries out icing, carried out one-shot measurement to data every 10 minutes and icing weight and ice slush length are estimated in advance, if this
When icing progress it is very fast, then turn down the horizontal component and vertical component of icing water, if icing progress is slower, increase icing water
Horizontal component and vertical component.
On the basis of embodiment described in Fig. 1, the insulator after the hardening to icing carries out ice-melt, until reaching ice-melt
State, including：
Keep test voltage constant, lift environment temperature, the icing is melted according to pre-set velocity；
When mixture of ice and water occurs in the icing, judgement is now ice-melt state.
Described to keep experiment is constant as to continue to keep power-frequency voltage 318kV, lifting environment temperature is to open artificial gas
To wait the ice-melt lamp in room or allow available light direct irradiation phjytotron, general temperature rises control at 1.5 DEG C per hour,
Start water droplet occur when environment temperature is increased to -1 DEG C or so, in icing, temperature continues to raise, and is mixed until there is frozen water in icing
Compound, now insulator be in the ice-melt state of the most limit, environment temperature is about 0.9 DEG C, now be can determine that in ice-melt state.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the insulator to the ice-melt state carries out powered ice-melt flashover test,
Including：
Lifting test voltage, holding environment is temperature-resistant, and the insulator of the ice-melt state is observed in preset duration is
No generation flashover；
If flashover does not occur for the insulator of the ice-melt state in preset duration or ice-melt largely comes off, described in judgement
Insulator is resistant under this test voltage.
Wherein, the lifting test voltage refers to slowly improving voltage on the basis of power-frequency voltage so that insulator
Withstanding voltage test it is more accurate, during booster tension, environment temperature need to keep constant, that is, keep 0.9 DEG C of ring
Border temperature, this be in order that test parameters it is constant in the case of, the withstanding voltage of more excellent locking insulator, when described default
The duration of observation needed for a length of experiment, for the state under simulating natural environment as far as possible, it is small that preset duration is typically set to 1
When, whether the insulator in one hour in observation experiment there is flashover.
It should be noted that if insulator did not occurred flashover in 1 hour, it can determine that test voltage now is insulation
The withstanding voltage of son, or ice-melt on insulator largely come off, then also can determine that insulator has now been not at melting
Ice-like state, this test voltage insulator are still resistant to.
Wherein, 50% withstanding voltage for 500kV insulators that the withstanding voltage refers to, 50% tolerance is 500kV
The main characteristic parameters of insulator, the calculation of its withstanding voltage are：
Wherein, U50For 50% withstanding voltage, UiTo apply voltage level；niIn UiTest number (TN) under voltage；N has for total
Imitate test number (TN).
On the basis of above-described embodiment, the test voltage is：
The power-frequency voltage according to corresponding to applying the voltage class of the insulator.
The insulator is the anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of 500kV voltage class.
It should be noted that anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of the experiment using 500kV voltage class, due to 500kV
Anti-icing anti-thunder insulator electrical distance is very long, therefore the method that can be tested 500kV anti-icing anti-thunder insulator, is applicable substantially
Tested in the relatively low insulator of voltage class, the corresponding test voltage used will be selected according to the voltage class of insulator
Select, such as the anti-icing anti-thunder insulators of 500kV provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is corresponding to use 318kV power-frequency voltage.
Fig. 3 is a kind of insulator charged ice-melt flashover test system construction drawing provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including：Icing
Module 1, hardening module 2, ice-melt module 3 and tentative module 4.
Wherein, icing module 1 is used to apply test voltage to insulator and icing is carried out under charged condition；Harden module
2 are used for after the insulator reaches default icing degree, and icing is hardened；Ice-melt module 3 is used to harden icing
Insulator afterwards carries out ice-melt, until reaching ice-melt state；Tentative module 4 is used to carry out band to the insulator of the ice-melt state
Electric ice-melt flashover test.
It is the insulation control commonly used in transmission line of electricity that insulator described in icing module 1, which is, and the embodiment of the present invention uses
Be 500kV voltage class anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator, but it is understood that, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited only to such a
Insulator.
Test voltage described in icing module 1 is the power-frequency voltage inputted according to insulator model, and the embodiment of the present invention carries
The anti-icing lightning-proof composite insulator of the 500kV voltage class of confession, that is, the test voltage applied are 318kV power-frequency voltage.
Harden in module 2, the default icing degree is the icing degree controlled according to experimental condition, adjustable to test
Parameter is saved, the icing degree set according to test parameters, the wind speed and electrical conductivity and the level of shower nozzle water drenching of regulation icing water
Component and vertical component.
Harden in module 2, described hardening is carried out to icing is to prevent that ice-out is too fast, while is also mould as far as possible
Intend actual conditions, in general, be -7 DEG C by hardening temperature control, firm time is maintained at more than 40min.On the other hand, icing
The time of test duration is long, if not hardened to icing, ice may melt during experiment is carried out, to experiment
Simulation have very big interference.
In ice-melt module 3, the insulator after the hardening to icing carries out ice-melt, and ice-melt is in opening phjytotron
Ice-melt lamp directly allows natural light irradiation so that temperature rise is, it is necessary to which explanation, can be controlled in deicing processes in climatic chamber
The elevated speed of temperature, speed is traditionally arranged to be rises 1.5 DEG C per hour.
In ice-melt module 3, ice-melt state is the state for occurring dripping in icing, is now that insulator is likely to occur flashover
Most extremity.When the flashover is the gas or breakdown liquid dielectric around solid insulator, along solid insulator
The phenomenon of surface-discharge, after flashover occurs, interelectrode voltage quickly falls to zero or close to zero.Spark in flashover passage
Or electric arc makes insulating surface hot-spot cause to carbonize, surface insulation is damaged.
In tentative module 4, the powered ice-melt flashover test is to improve test voltage, and is observed absolutely in preset duration
Whether edge there is flashover.
Insulator charged ice-melt flashover test system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by setting icing module 1, hardening mould
Block 2, ice-melt module 3 and tentative module 4 systematically simulate ice-melt flashover operating mode of the insulator in transmission line of electricity, and to insulation
Whether son, which occurs flashover, carries out Validity Test.
Finally, the present processes are only preferable embodiment, are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., the protection of the present invention should be included in
Within the scope of.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. insulator charged ice-melt flashover test method, it is characterised in that including：Test voltage is applied to insulator and icing is carried out under charged condition；After the insulator reaches default icing degree, icing is hardened；Insulator after being hardened to icing carries out ice-melt, until reaching ice-melt state；Powered ice-melt flashover test is carried out to the insulator of the ice-melt state.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that pre-processed before carrying out icing to the insulator, it is described pre- Processing includes：Surface is carried out to the insulator to defile；Shower water is sprayed to the insulator after defiling, the insulator surface after described defile forms one layer of thin ice.
- 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described when the insulator reaches default icing degree Afterwards, icing is hardened, including：Judge whether the insulator reaches default icing degree according to the token state of icing degree；If the token state of the icing degree of the insulator reaches preset value, icing is hardened；Wherein, the token state of the icing degree includes icing weight and ice slush length.
- 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that it is described to carry out icing under charged condition, including：According to the preset value of the token state of the icing degree, adjust the horizontal component of icing water, vertical component, electrical conductivity and Wind speed.
- 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the insulator after the hardening to icing carries out ice-melt, directly To reaching ice-melt state, including：Keep test voltage constant, lift environment temperature, the icing is melted according to pre-set velocity；When mixture of ice and water occurs in the icing, judgement is now ice-melt state.
- 6. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the insulator to the ice-melt state carries out powered melt Ice flashover test, including：Lifting test voltage, holding environment is temperature-resistant, and whether the insulator that the ice-melt state is observed in preset duration is sent out Raw flashover；If flashover does not occur for the insulator of the ice-melt state in preset duration or ice-melt largely comes off, the insulation is judged Son is resistant under this test voltage.
- 7. according to either method described in claim 1-6, it is characterised in that the test voltage is：The power-frequency voltage according to corresponding to applying the voltage class of the insulator.
- 8. according to either method described in claim 1-6, it is characterised in that the insulator is anti-icing for 500kV voltage class Lightning-proof composite insulator.
- A kind of 9. insulator charged ice-melt flashover test system, it is characterised in that including：Icing module, for applying test voltage to insulator and icing being carried out under charged condition；Module is hardened, for after the insulator reaches default icing degree, being hardened to icing；Ice-melt module, ice-melt is carried out for the insulator after being hardened to icing, until reaching ice-melt state；Tentative module, for carrying out powered ice-melt flashover test to the insulator of the ice-melt state.
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| CN109596946A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-09 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of double string hang test methods of 500kV plain edition composite insulator |
| CN109596946B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2021-01-19 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | 500kV common type composite insulator double-string suspension mode test method |
| CN110082626A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-02 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | The test assessment method of the anti-icing composite insulator explosion-proof performance of lightning protection |
| CN110082626B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-01-08 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Method for testing and evaluating explosion-proof performance of lightning-proof and anti-icing composite insulator |
| CN110728888A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-01-24 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Ice-coated insulator test simulation electrode and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115752567A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-07 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Method for measuring ice-melting water drop parameters and deformation parameters of insulator in ice-melting period |
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