CN107515143A - A kind of method of the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud - Google Patents
A kind of method of the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud Download PDFInfo
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- CN107515143A CN107515143A CN201710571656.2A CN201710571656A CN107515143A CN 107515143 A CN107515143 A CN 107515143A CN 201710571656 A CN201710571656 A CN 201710571656A CN 107515143 A CN107515143 A CN 107515143A
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- signaling molecule
- aerobic particle
- particle mud
- colony induction
- nitrogen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4055—Concentrating samples by solubility techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4055—Concentrating samples by solubility techniques
- G01N2001/4061—Solvent extraction
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud, to realize the high efficiency extraction to the colony induction signaling molecule in aerobic particle mud Extracellular polymers.This method follows the steps below:(1) Extracellular polymers hydrolyze;(2) supernatant collection is hydrolyzed;(3) liquid-liquid extraction;(4) it is concentrated under reduced pressure;(5) nitrogen blows constant volume.This method is easy to operate, and reaction condition is gentle, can effectively solve the signaling molecule resolution problem caused by intracellular organic matter discharges in granule sludge system signaling molecule extraction process, be a kind of efficiently feasible signaling molecule extracting method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud, belong to waste water
Biological treatment field.
Background technology
Quorum sensing is the main mode of intelligence transmission between microbial cell, and microorganism is according to its population density, environment
Factor variations secrete one or more signaling molecules, into cell and combine differential protein by diffusion, transport protein effect, enter
And regulate and control downstream functional gene expression and realize the vital movements such as biofilm formation, virulence factor secretion, bioluminescence.Signaling molecule
Three classes are broadly divided into, the N- acyl homoserine lactones (Acyl-Homoserine respectively acted between Gram-negative bacteria
Lactone, AHL), the polypeptides matter that acts between gram-positive bacteria and act on gram-positive bacteria and feminine gender simultaneously
AI-2 materials between bacterium (pentanone of 4,5- dihydroxy -2,3- bis- is precursor substance, occurs to reset and spontaneous reaction is formed).It is natural
Microorganism is more in boundary exists with biological form membrane, and the signaling molecule majority that microorganism can sense is stayed in biomembrane, aerobic
Special existence form of the granule sludge as biomembrane, its functional flora majority is Gram-negative bacteria, therefore AHL classes signal divides
Son has important regulative to Granular sludge formation and stable system operation, and there are some researches show aerobic particle mud Extracellular polymers
The AHL of middle withholding is at least 100 times in aqueous phase, and microorganism plays most AHL for receiving cell peripheral during quorum sensing effect
Signal, therefore the type and quantity of AHL in granule sludge Extracellular polymers system are studied to depth profiling aerobic particle mud group
Body-sensing answers mechanism of action significant.But aerobic particle mud system AHL extracting methods can not be protected effectively at present
Microbial cell, cause cell rupture, endocellular enzyme outflow causes AHL to degrade, while intracellular AHL largely flows into water in extraction process
Phase, cause aqueous phase AHL excessive concentrations, the retention volume of AHL in Extracellular polymers can not be accurately reflected.Therefore, research reaction hair temperature
It is to further investigate the important prerequisite of aerobic particle mud system quorum sensing regulatory mechanism with efficient AHL extracting methods are extracted.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud,
Granule sludge sample is handled by the gentle method of enzymatic isolation method this reaction condition, reducing cell rupture intracellular organic matter dissolution causes
The possibility of AHL degradeds, with the signaling molecule in accurate quantitative analysis aerobic particle mud Extracellular polymers.
The method of high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule comprises the following steps from aerobic particle mud, and (1) is extracellular more
Polymers hydrolyzes;(2) supernatant collection is hydrolyzed;(3) liquid-liquid extraction;(4) it is concentrated under reduced pressure;(5) nitrogen blows constant volume:This method takes certain body
Product aerobic granular sludge reactor mud mixture, through the abundant detergent of pure water with a variety of hydrolases to the abundant water of mud sample
Solution, optimum hydrolysis enzyme and its optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condition, the mud sample that will be handled under optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condition are determined by orthogonal test
Through centrifuging and taking supernatant, mixed according to a certain volume with organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, make signal
Molecule is transferred in organic phase from aqueous phase, realizes signaling molecule preliminary concentration, and the solution after extraction is in certain temperature and pressure strip
It is evaporated under reduced pressure under part by Rotary Evaporators, realizes the initial concentration of signaling molecule, evaporative flask used in vacuum distillation is through should mutually have
Solvent is dried up after fully washing with distillation surplus solution through nitrogen, and nitrogen is blown using corresponding organic solvent according to test condition
Solid constant volume afterwards, realize the signaling molecule efficiently concentrating withheld in aerobic particle mud Extracellular polymers.
The technical scheme that the present invention specifically uses is as follows:
The method that colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud, comprises the following steps:
Step 1:Alpha-amylase, beta amylase, Proteinase K, lipase hydrolysis aerobic particle mud sample are utilized respectively, point
The MLVSS of mud sample after Ce Liang not hydrolyzing;Then equivalent pipettes the aerobic particle mud sample after different hydrolases, profit
With L9 (34) orthogonal arrages by orthogonal experimental method, reaction time 30-50min is set, exocellular polysaccharide is terminated with enzyme digestion reaction
Burst size is that single index determines enzymatic reaction optimum condition, takes the muddy water mixing that end is reacted under each enzymatic reaction optimum condition
Thing, measure various types of signal molecular concentration, the number of winning the confidence after liquid-liquid extraction, vacuum distillation, nitrogen blow constant volume are collected by centrifugation after supernatant
Hydrolase is as optimum hydrolysis enzyme corresponding to one group of molecule content highest;
Step 2:Optimum hydrolysis enzyme is taken to hydrolyze what is obtained after aerobic particle mud sample under its optimal enzymatic reaction condition
Mud mixture, mixture is centrifuged using high speed freezing centrifuge;
Step 3:Take the supernatant after centrifuging to be placed in pear shape separatory funnel, add organic solvent as extractant,
Low-speed oscillation is carried out using separating funnel oscillator, extracts repeated several times, collects organic phase;
Step 4:The organic phase of collection is sucked in evaporative flask by Rotary Evaporators continuous feed mouth and is evaporated to organic phase,
Extractant is taken fully to wash evaporative flask several times, wash liquid is collected into centrifuge tube;
Step 5:The centrifuge tube is placed on nitrogen evaporator, constantly regulate nitrogen blow needle height, makes centrifuge tube during nitrogen blows
Interior liquid level is in vibrating state, until centrifugation liquid in pipe drying;Then the solid after being blown using solvent nitrogen carries out constant volume, complete
The extraction and enrichment of colony induction signaling molecule into aerobic particle mud.
Based on such scheme, parameter and material in each step can use following preferred scheme:
Preferably, in the centrifugal separation processes of step 2,20- is centrifuged at 2-8 DEG C with 10000-20000rpm rotating speeds
30min。
Preferably, the organic solvent described in step 3 includes dichloromethane, chloroform or ethyl acetate.
Preferably, the mixed volume of centrifuged supernatant described in step 3 and organic solvent ratio is 1:(1-2).
Preferably, during each oscillation extraction of step 3, separating funnel oscillator is with 100-200rpm low-speed oscillations
5-10min, to prevent from emulsifying.
Preferably, in step 4 organic phase evaporation process, the vacuum distillation temperature for setting Rotary Evaporators is 30-40 DEG C,
Pressure is 500-800mbar.
Preferably, during the nitrogen of step 5 blows, nitrogen flow is controlled in 1.0-3.0L/min.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Gently reacted with granule sludge sample using enzymatic isolation method due to of the invention, reduce extraction sludge system signaling molecule mistake
The AHL degradeds possibility caused by cell rupture intracellular organic matter flows out in journey, effectively to study the group of aerobic particle mud system
Body-sensing answers regulatory mechanism.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud.
Embodiment
Below by way of the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
The method of high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule of the invention from aerobic particle mud generally includes following base
This step:(1) Extracellular polymers hydrolyze;(2) supernatant collection is hydrolyzed;(3) liquid-liquid extraction;(4) it is concentrated under reduced pressure;(5) nitrogen blows fixed
Hold.
As shown in figure 1, each step specific implementation is as follows:
Step 1, Extracellular polymers hydrolyze
Formed according to granule sludge Extracellular polymers, treated using alpha-amylase, beta amylase, Proteinase K, lipase hydrolysis
The aerobic particle mud of survey, then take the sludge of a small amount of volume to survey system sludge MLVSS, consider the factors such as enzyme concentration, temperature, pH
Influence to enzymatic reaction, equivalent, which pipettes, takes above-mentioned remaining aerobic particle mud, because signaling molecule has a variety of chemical constitutions, its
Multicomponent content's index is unfavorable for Orthogonal experiment results analysis, therefore utilizes L9 (34) orthogonal arrages to be set by orthogonal experimental method
Reaction time 30-50min, the burst size for terminating exocellular polysaccharide using enzyme digestion reaction determine the optimal bar of enzymatic reaction as single index
Part, the mud mixture that end is reacted under each enzymatic reaction optimum condition is taken, be collected by centrifugation after supernatant through liquid-liquid extraction, decompression
Distillation, nitrogen determine various types of signal molecular concentration after blowing constant volume, and hydrolase corresponding to one group of the number of winning the confidence molecule content highest is as most
Good hydrolase hydrolyzes for particulate matter Extracellular polymers, and specific method sees below step.
Step 2, supernatant collection is hydrolyzed
Take optimum hydrolysis enzyme to react the mud mixture of end under optimal enzymatic reaction condition, utilize high speed refrigerated centrifuge
Machine centrifuges 20-30min with 10000-20000rpm rotating speeds at 2-8 DEG C, collects supernatant 15-30mL, for subsequently extracting, dense
Contracting.
Step 3, liquid-liquid extraction
Step 2 centrifuged supernatant 15-30mL is taken in 50-125mL pear shape separatory funnels, according to 1:1-2 volume ratios add two
The organic solvents such as chloromethanes, chloroform or ethyl acetate are as extractant, using separating funnel oscillator with 100-200rpm
To prevent from emulsifying, extraction repeats 2-5 times low-speed oscillation 5-10min, collects organic phase.
Step 4, it is evaporated under reduced pressure
The organic phase of collection step 4,30-40 DEG C of vacuum distillation temperature is set, pressure 500-800mbar, passes through Buchi
R210 Rotary Evaporators continuous feed mouths will be evaporated in the organic phase suction 50mL evaporative flasks of collection to organic phase.Take 0.5-
The corresponding extractants of 1.0mL fully wash evaporative flask 2-3 times, and wash liquid careful collection is into 1.5-2.0mL centrifuge tubes.
Step 5, nitrogen blows constant volume
Centrifuge tube containing organic solution obtained by step 4 is placed on nitrogen evaporator, regulation high pure nitrogen flow 1.0-3.0L/
Min, regulation nitrogen blow needle height, makes liquid level in centrifuge tube be in pico- vibrating state, constantly regulate nitrogen blow needle position to centrifuge tube
Interior liquid drying, according to subsequent detection needs, takes 30-100 μ L coordinative solvent constant volumes, may finally be by the letter in reactor water outlet
Number 500-2000 times of molecular concentration.
Embodiment
The purpose of the present embodiment is the high efficiency extraction colony induction signaling molecule from aerobic particle mud, specifically according to following
Step is carried out:
Step 1, Extracellular polymers hydrolyze
Formed according to granule sludge Extracellular polymers, choose hydrolase different in 4 as enzyme to be selected, respectively alphalise starch
Enzyme, beta amylase, Proteinase K, lipase water.4 kinds of enzyme hydrolysis 10mL aerobic particle muds to be measured are utilized respectively, are then respectively taken
Sludge after 5mL hydrolysis sludge MLVSS in survey system respectively, consider enzyme concentration, temperature, pH this 3 factors to enzymatic reaction
Influenceing, equivalent, which pipettes, takes above-mentioned remaining aerobic particle mud, because signaling molecule has a variety of chemical constitutions, its multicomponent content
Index is unfavorable for Orthogonal experiment results analysis, therefore utilizes L9(34) orthogonal arrage (such as table 1) pass through orthogonal experimental method, set reaction
Time 40min, the burst size for terminating exocellular polysaccharide using enzyme digestion reaction determine enzymatic reaction optimum condition as single index.This implementation
The enzymatic reaction condition that orthogonal experiment is related in example sets and is shown in Table 2 (by taking alpha-amylase as an example).Based on orthogonal experiments,
The mud mixture that end is reacted under each enzymatic reaction optimum condition is taken, is steamed after supernatant is collected by centrifugation through liquid-liquid extraction, decompression
Evaporate, nitrogen blows and various types of signal molecular concentration is determined after constant volume, hydrolase corresponding to one group of the number of winning the confidence molecule content highest is as optimal
Hydrolase hydrolyzes for particulate matter Extracellular polymers, and specific method is as described later.
The orthogonal design table that the Extracellular polymers optimum enzymolysis condition of table 1 determines
Table 2 is that the enzymatic reaction condition that orthogonal experiment is related to is set (by taking alpha-amylase as an example)
Step 2, supernatant collection is hydrolyzed
Take optimum hydrolysis enzyme to hydrolyze the mud mixture after aerobic particle mud under optimal enzymatic reaction condition, utilize height
Fast refrigerated centrifuge centrifuges 20min with 20000rpm rotating speeds at 2-8 DEG C, collects supernatant 15mL, for subsequently extracting, dense
Contracting.
Step 3, liquid-liquid extraction
Step 2 centrifuged supernatant 15mL is taken in 50mL pear shape separatory funnels, according to 1:1 volume ratio adds dichloromethane conduct
Extractant, using separating funnel oscillator with 1200rpm low-speed oscillations 5min to prevent from emulsifying, extraction is repeated 3 times, and is collected organic
Phase.
Step 4, it is evaporated under reduced pressure
The organic phase of collection step 4,40 DEG C, pressure 750mbar of vacuum distillation temperature is set, is rotated and steamed by Buchi R210
Hair instrument continuous feed mouth will be evaporated in the organic phase suction 50mL evaporative flasks of collection to organic phase.The corresponding extractants of 1.0mL are taken to fill
Divide washing evaporative flask 2-3 times, wash liquid careful collection is into 2.0mL centrifuge tubes.
Step 5, nitrogen blows constant volume
Centrifuge tube containing organic solution obtained by step 4 is placed on nitrogen evaporator, adjusts high pure nitrogen flow 3.0L/min,
Nitrogen blow needle height is adjusted, liquid level is in pico- vibrating state, constantly regulate nitrogen blow needle position is to centrifuging intraluminal fluid
Body dries up, and the needs detected according to subsequent population induction signal molecule, takes 30 μ L coordinative solvents to the solid matter in centrifuge tube
Isochoric formation testing sample is carried out, most the signaling molecule in reactor water outlet concentrates 2000 times at last.
Because this is gently reacted using enzymatic isolation method with granule sludge sample, during reducing extraction sludge system signaling molecule
The AHL degradeds possibility caused by cell rupture intracellular organic matter flows out, effectively to study the sense of the colony of aerobic particle mud system
Answer regulatory mechanism.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. method that colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:Step 1:Alpha-amylase, beta amylase, Proteinase K, lipase hydrolysis aerobic particle mud sample are utilized respectively, is surveyed respectively The MLVSS of mud sample after amount hydrolysis;Then equivalent pipettes the aerobic particle mud sample after different enzyme hydrolysis, utilizes L9(34) Orthogonal arrage sets reaction time 30-50min by orthogonal experimental method, using enzyme digestion reaction terminate the burst size of exocellular polysaccharide as Single index determines enzymatic reaction optimum condition, takes the mud mixture that end is reacted under each enzymatic reaction optimum condition, centrifugation Various types of signal molecular concentration, the number of winning the confidence molecule content are determined after liquid-liquid extraction, vacuum distillation, nitrogen blow constant volume after collecting supernatant Hydrolase is as optimum hydrolysis enzyme corresponding to one group of highest;Step 2:Optimum hydrolysis enzyme is taken to hydrolyze the muddy water obtained after aerobic particle mud sample under its optimal enzymatic reaction condition Mixture, mixture is centrifuged using high speed freezing centrifuge;Step 3:Take the supernatant after centrifuging to be placed in pear shape separatory funnel, add organic solvent as extractant, utilize Separating funnel oscillator carries out low-speed oscillation, extracts repeated several times, collects organic phase;Step 4:The organic phase of collection is sucked in evaporative flask by Rotary Evaporators continuous feed mouth and is evaporated to organic phase, takes extraction Agent is taken fully to wash evaporative flask several times, wash liquid is collected into centrifuge tube;Step 5:The centrifuge tube is placed on nitrogen evaporator, constantly regulate nitrogen blow needle height, makes centrifugation intraluminal fluid during nitrogen blows Face is in vibrating state, until centrifugation liquid in pipe drying;Then the solid after being blown using solvent nitrogen carries out constant volume, completes The extraction and enrichment of colony induction signaling molecule in oxygen granule sludge.
- 2. the method for colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that In the centrifugal separation processes of step 2,20-30min is centrifuged at 2-8 DEG C with 10000-20000rpm rotating speeds.
- 3. the method for colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that Organic solvent described in step 3 includes dichloromethane, chloroform or ethyl acetate.
- 4. the method for colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that The mixed volume of centrifuged supernatant described in step 3 and organic solvent ratio is 1:(1-2).
- 5. the method for colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that During each oscillation extraction of step 3, separating funnel oscillator is with 100-200rpm low-speed oscillation 5-10min, to prevent breast Change.
- 6. the method for colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that In step 4 organic phase evaporation process, the vacuum distillation temperature for setting Rotary Evaporators is 30-40 DEG C, pressure 500- 800mbar。
- 7. the method for colony induction signaling molecule is extracted from aerobic particle mud as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that During the nitrogen of step 5 blows, nitrogen flow is controlled in 1.0-3.0L/min.
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CN114940537A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-26 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for rapidly enriching anammox bacteria based on quorum sensing |
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