CN107507571B - A kind of couple of AMOLED carries out the method and device of external optical compensation - Google Patents
A kind of couple of AMOLED carries out the method and device of external optical compensation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及计算机视觉检测，尤其涉及一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法及装置。The invention relates to computer vision detection, in particular to a method and device for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED.
背景技术Background technique
有源矩阵有机发光二级体显示器(AMOLED)具有反应较快、对比度更高、视角宽、色域广、无背光源等特点。随着AMOLED需求及产能增加，光学检测作为AMOLED生产的后端工艺步骤，对保证出厂产品质量，分析前段工艺不良起着重要作用。在AMOLED显示屏生产过程中由于材料、工艺等原因，会有部分产品出现画面显示亮度不均的现象，也就是Mura。针对AMOLED工艺的外部补偿系统是将存在Mura不良的显示屏通过先进的子像素级光学成像技术和软件算法消除Mura，使得显示屏的显示达到面板厂出货规格要求，提高显示屏量产的良率。The active matrix organic light-emitting diode display (AMOLED) has the characteristics of fast response, high contrast, wide viewing angle, wide color gamut, and no backlight source. With the increase of AMOLED demand and production capacity, optical inspection, as the back-end process step of AMOLED production, plays an important role in ensuring the quality of ex-factory products and analyzing the defects in the front-end process. During the production process of AMOLED displays, due to materials, processes and other reasons, some products may have uneven screen display brightness, that is, Mura. The external compensation system for the AMOLED process is to eliminate the mura of the display screen with poor mura through advanced sub-pixel optical imaging technology and software algorithm, so that the display of the display screen can meet the shipment specifications of the panel factory and improve the quality of the mass production of the display screen. Rate.
目前外部光学补偿亮度测量精确度低，补偿效果差，不适用于大尺寸AMOLED检测。At present, the measurement accuracy of external optical compensation brightness is low, the compensation effect is poor, and it is not suitable for large-size AMOLED detection.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术中的问题，本发明提供了一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法及装置。In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and device for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED.
本发明提供了一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法，包括以下步骤：S1、对AMOLED采集的图像来测量显示屏的像素与像素间的发光亮度差异性；S2、根据Gamma曲线所描叙的发光亮度—灰阶标准特性，对驱动电流进行调整。The invention provides a method for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED, comprising the following steps: S1, measuring the difference in luminous brightness between pixels and pixels of the display screen on the image collected by AMOLED; S2, describing according to the Gamma curve Luminous luminance—gray scale standard characteristic, adjust the driving current.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述对AMOLED采集得到的图像包括：对AMOLED分别采集得到的红、绿、蓝三通道分别的，第一灰、第二灰……第八灰的多张待处理图像；As a further improvement of the present invention, the images collected by the AMOLED include: the red, green, and blue channels collected by the AMOLED respectively, the first gray, the second gray...the eighth gray to be processed image;
所述像素与像素间发光亮度差异性包括：像素发光亮度的相对差异；The difference in luminous brightness between pixels includes: the relative difference in luminous brightness of pixels;
所述对AMOLED采集的图像来测量显示屏的像素与像素间的发光亮度差异性，包括：分别对采集到的AMOLED任一图像上的每个像素相对亮度的提取；所述根据Gamma曲线所描叙的发光亮度—灰阶标准特性，包括：对每个像素在所取8个灰阶的亮度值与灰阶值的Gamma曲线进行拟合；The image collected by the AMOLED is used to measure the difference in luminous brightness between the pixels of the display screen and the pixels, including: extracting the relative brightness of each pixel on any image of the AMOLED collected; The luminous luminance-grayscale standard characteristics described above include: fitting the Gamma curves of the luminance values and grayscale values of each pixel in 8 grayscales;
所述对驱动电流进行调整，包括：红、绿、蓝的每个子像素的驱动电流在0～255每个灰阶的调整；The adjustment of the driving current includes: adjusting the driving current of each sub-pixel of red, green, and blue in each gray scale of 0-255;
所述根据Gamma曲线所描叙的发光亮度—灰阶标准特性，对驱动电流进行调整，包括：根据标准的灰度-亮度曲线，对偏离发光标准的所有像素进行驱动电流校正。The adjusting the driving current according to the luminous brightness-gray scale standard characteristic described by the Gamma curve includes: correcting the driving current of all pixels that deviate from the luminous standard according to the standard gray-brightness curve.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述对AMOLED采集的图像来测量显示屏的像素与像素间的发光亮度差异性，还包括：对图像上像素成像的位置的确定，成像区域的划分，像素相对亮度的估计。As a further improvement of the present invention, the measurement of the difference in luminous brightness between pixels of the display screen on the image collected by the AMOLED also includes: determination of the imaging position of the pixel on the image, division of the imaging area, and relative brightness of the pixel estimate.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述对AMOLED采集到的图像来测量显示屏的像素与像素亮度亮度差异，对图像上像素成像的位置的确定，还包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, the image collected by the AMOLED is used to measure the brightness difference between the pixel and pixel brightness of the display screen, and the determination of the pixel imaging position on the image also includes:
对于点缺陷、线缺陷、面缺陷或者不发光的像素，无法确定成像中心位置的像素点，使用像素位置等距间隔特征来估计下一个像素成像位置；判断所有检测到的位置点的总数是否与AMOLED像素的总个数一致，若不是，重新检测成像位置；For point defects, line defects, surface defects or non-luminous pixels, the pixel point at the imaging center position cannot be determined, and the pixel position equidistant interval feature is used to estimate the imaging position of the next pixel; determine whether the total number of all detected position points is equal to The total number of AMOLED pixels is consistent, if not, re-detect the imaging position;
所述根据Gamma曲线所描叙的发光亮度—灰阶标准特性，对驱动电流进行调整，还包括：对于AMOLED采集到的图像上，点缺陷、线缺陷、面缺陷以及不发光的像素，提取到的亮度不进行Gamma曲线拟合其发光特性，按照特定的灰阶值重新赋值。The adjustment of the driving current according to the luminous brightness-gray scale standard characteristic described by the Gamma curve also includes: for the image collected by the AMOLED, point defects, line defects, surface defects and non-luminous pixels are extracted to The luminance does not perform Gamma curve fitting to its luminous characteristics, and reassigns it according to a specific grayscale value.
作为本发明的进一步改进，对图像上对应每一个AMOLED像素的成像位置的确定，利用像素成像位置等距间隔特征来估计下一个像素成像位置，还包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, the determination of the imaging position corresponding to each AMOLED pixel on the image uses the equidistant interval feature of the pixel imaging position to estimate the next pixel imaging position, and also includes:
根据图像整体倾斜角度和发光区域的外接矩形的角点，计算CCD像素等距间隔的大小信息。According to the overall tilt angle of the image and the corner points of the circumscribed rectangle of the light-emitting area, the size information of the equidistant intervals of the CCD pixels is calculated.
作为本发明的进一步改进，根据Gamma曲线所描叙的发光亮度—灰阶标准特性，对驱动电流进行调整，还包括：对图像亮度不均匀背景校正；图像的低频去噪。As a further improvement of the present invention, the driving current is adjusted according to the luminous brightness-gray scale standard characteristic described by the Gamma curve, which also includes: background correction for uneven brightness of the image; low-frequency denoising of the image.
作为本发明的进一步改进，利用高分辨CCD相机感光面接收AMOLED样品自发光点的光强信息，通过图像处理系统转化为屏幕相应的发光强度值，与相应灰阶下标准亮度数据比较，计算出子像素的输入模拟信号的调整量，使用模拟信号发生器驱动补偿模块对AMOLED样品的驱动电流进行调整。As a further improvement of the present invention, the photosensitive surface of the high-resolution CCD camera is used to receive the light intensity information of the self-luminous point of the AMOLED sample, which is converted into the corresponding luminous intensity value of the screen through the image processing system, and compared with the standard brightness data under the corresponding gray scale, the calculated For the adjustment amount of the input analog signal of the sub-pixel, the driving current of the AMOLED sample is adjusted by using the driving compensation module of the analog signal generator.
作为本发明的进一步改进，通过对AMOLED采集的不同灰阶图像；将AMOLED像素与像素间亮度差异提取出来，根据Gamma发光亮度标准，对像素进行驱动信号调整。As a further improvement of the present invention, through the different gray scale images collected by AMOLED; the brightness difference between AMOLED pixels is extracted, and the driving signal is adjusted for the pixels according to the Gamma luminance standard.
本发明还提供了一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的装置，包括镜头、CCD相机、AMOLED样品、模拟信号发生器和图像处理系统，其中，所述AMOLED样品与所述模拟信号发生器连接，所述模拟信号发生器与所述图像处理系统连接，所述图像处理系统与所述CCD相机连接，所述CCD相机与所述镜头连接，所述镜头位于所述AMOLED样品之上。The present invention also provides a device for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED, including a lens, a CCD camera, an AMOLED sample, an analog signal generator and an image processing system, wherein the AMOLED sample is connected to the analog signal generator, and the The analog signal generator is connected to the image processing system, the image processing system is connected to the CCD camera, the CCD camera is connected to the lens, and the lens is located on the AMOLED sample.
本发明的有益效果是：通过上述方案，提高了补偿亮度测量的精确度，补偿效果较佳，适用于大尺寸AMOLED检测。The beneficial effect of the present invention is: through the above scheme, the accuracy of compensation brightness measurement is improved, the compensation effect is better, and it is suitable for large-size AMOLED detection.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法的流程示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for performing external optical compensation on an AMOLED according to the present invention.
图2是本发明一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法的算法过程示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an algorithm process of a method for performing external optical compensation on an AMOLED according to the present invention.
图3是本发明一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法的光学补偿示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of optical compensation of a method for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED according to the present invention.
图4是本发明一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的装置的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a device for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图说明及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the description of the drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1至图3所示，一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法，包括：As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a method of external optical compensation for AMOLED, including:
将利用AMOLED采集到的图像测量像素与像素间的发光差异；The image collected by AMOLED will be used to measure the difference in light emission from pixel to pixel;
根据Gamma发光亮度标准，对每个子像素的驱动信号进行调整。According to the Gamma luminance standard, the driving signal of each sub-pixel is adjusted.
如图4所示，本发明还提供了一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的装置，包括镜头1、CCD相机2、AMOLED样品3、模拟信号发生器4和图像处理系统5，其中，所述AMOLED样品3与所述模拟信号发生器4连接，所述模拟信号发生器4与所述图像处理系统5连接，所述图像处理系统5与所述CCD相机2通过导线(Camera Link)6连接，所述CCD相机2与所述镜头1连接，所述镜头1位于所述AMOLED样品3之上。As shown in Figure 4, the present invention also provides a kind of device that AMOLED is carried out external optical compensation, comprises lens 1, CCD camera 2, AMOLED sample 3, analog signal generator 4 and image processing system 5, wherein, described AMOLED Sample 3 is connected with described analog signal generator 4, and described analog signal generator 4 is connected with described image processing system 5, and described image processing system 5 is connected with described CCD camera 2 by wire (Camera Link) 6, so The CCD camera 2 is connected to the lens 1, and the lens 1 is located on the AMOLED sample 3.
所述利用对AMOLED采集到的图像测量像素与像素间的发光差异，具体包括：The measurement of the luminescence difference between pixels by using the image collected by the AMOLED specifically includes:
所述对AMOLED采集到的图像包括：将对AMOLED分别采集红、绿、蓝、第一灰、第二灰……第八灰的多张待处理图像；The images collected by the AMOLED include: the AMOLED will collect red, green, blue, first gray, second gray ... eighth gray images to be processed;
将采集到的图像做位置校正，使图像的目标区域在成像区内保持水平和竖直；基于图像处理的低频去噪方法，减小CCD相机成像噪音对数据真实性的影响；Correct the position of the collected image so that the target area of the image remains horizontal and vertical in the imaging area; the low-frequency denoising method based on image processing reduces the impact of CCD camera imaging noise on data authenticity;
所述像素与像素间发光差异性包括：通过图像处理测量到的不同灰度值时像素发光亮度的相对差异，以及通过曲线拟合出每个像素发光亮度随灰阶的变化规律之间的差异性；The pixel-to-pixel luminous difference includes: the relative difference of pixel luminous luminance measured by image processing at different grayscale values, and the difference between the variation rules of each pixel luminous luminance with gray scale through curve fitting sex;
所述根据测量显示屏的像素与像素间发光差异性，具体包括：分别对AMOLED采集到的任一图像上的每个发光像素的成像区域的定位及划分；According to measuring the difference in light emission between pixels of the display screen, it specifically includes: respectively positioning and dividing the imaging area of each light-emitting pixel on any image collected by the AMOLED;
计算所述每个像素之间的位置距离，包括横向和纵向两个方向的距离。The positional distance between each pixel is calculated, including distances in both horizontal and vertical directions.
所述计算位置距离，使用基于图像处理的边缘检测算法，得到目标区域的边界，检测到四个角点，用全局位置信息倒推局部相邻像素成像区域及其中心间隔。The calculation of the position distance uses an edge detection algorithm based on image processing to obtain the boundary of the target area, detects four corner points, and deduces the local adjacent pixel imaging area and its center interval by using the global position information.
所述像素位置的确定，包括缺陷点(暗点)、线缺陷、Touch点(遮盖点)位置的确定，利用向量查找法遍历图像全局，找到位置缺失的点的坐标，直到将位置信息与AMOLED的子像素一一对应。否则，重新检测像素成像位置。The determination of the pixel position includes the determination of defect point (dark point), line defect, and Touch point (cover point) position, and uses the vector search method to traverse the global image to find the coordinates of the point where the position is missing, until the position information is combined with the AMOLED The sub-pixels correspond one-to-one. Otherwise, re-detect the pixel imaging position.
所述位置信息与AMOLED子像素坐标一一对应，设置判断位置信息个数是否与子像素的个数一致，不一致判断为定位失败。The position information is in one-to-one correspondence with the coordinates of the AMOLED sub-pixels, and it is set to determine whether the number of position information is consistent with the number of sub-pixels, and the inconsistency is judged as positioning failure.
所述位置信息的坐标是像素的成像区域的中心，上下左右等间隔范围内的区域都属于该像素的发光成像区，并按权重加和作为该像素的亮度相对值；The coordinates of the position information are the center of the imaging area of the pixel, and the areas within the range of equal intervals up, down, left, and right belong to the light-emitting imaging area of the pixel, and are summed according to the weight as the relative brightness value of the pixel;
所述位置信息的确定只需要使用一个灰阶的图像测量即可，其他灰阶的定位也同样一致，选取的用来成像定位的灰阶为中间亮度灰阶；The determination of the position information only needs to use one grayscale image measurement, and the positioning of other grayscales is also consistent, and the grayscale selected for imaging positioning is the middle brightness grayscale;
所述红、绿、蓝三色的图像要分别计算其像素与像素间的亮度差异；The images of the red, green and blue colors need to calculate the brightness difference between the pixels and the pixels respectively;
所述根据Gamma发光规律特性，具体包括：对每个颜色通道，每个像素在所取8个灰阶的亮度值与灰阶值的Gamma曲线拟合；The characteristic according to the Gamma luminescence law specifically includes: for each color channel, the Gamma curve fitting between the luminance values of each pixel at eight gray scales and the gray scale values;
所述Gamma曲线拟合，使用幂指数函数的形式计算两个系数值，公式：The Gamma curve fitting uses the power exponential function to calculate two coefficient values, the formula:
Lumiance＝a(〖Gray+b)〗γ (1)Lumiance＝a(〖Gray+b)〗 γ (1)
所述亮度数据拟合为系数数据保存，以作补偿系数的生成来使用；The brightness data is fitted as coefficient data and stored for use in generating compensation coefficients;
所述根据Gamma发光规律，Gamma标准曲线的公式形式：According to the law of Gamma luminescence, the formula form of the Gamma standard curve:
Brigltness＝Gray2.2 (2)Brittleness = Gray 2.2 (2)
较佳的，所述对驱动信号进行调整，具体包括：红、绿、蓝的每个子像素的驱动信号对应于0～255每个灰阶的调整；Preferably, the adjustment of the driving signal specifically includes: adjusting the driving signal of each sub-pixel of red, green, and blue corresponding to each gray scale of 0-255;
所述驱动信号调整是指，按照对应灰阶的标准亮度值，反求发光偏差像素的驱动信号偏差，对应到正确的输入信号；The driving signal adjustment refers to reversely obtaining the driving signal deviation of the luminescence deviation pixel according to the standard brightness value corresponding to the gray scale, and corresponding to the correct input signal;
所述对每个发光偏差的子像素进行电流调整，包括对红、绿、蓝三个通道的信号调整；白色灰阶的信号调整，是以红、绿、蓝三色分别调整的值，作为白色调整的结果；The current adjustment of each sub-pixel with light emission deviation includes the signal adjustment of the three channels of red, green, and blue; the signal adjustment of the white gray scale is the value adjusted respectively for the three colors of red, green, and blue as Result of white adjustment;
较佳的，所述根据Gamma发光规律特性，对驱动电路进行调整，具体包括：根据标准的灰度-亮度曲线，对偏离发光标准的所有像素进行驱动信号进行校正。Preferably, the adjusting the driving circuit according to the characteristic of Gamma luminescence law specifically includes: correcting the driving signals of all pixels that deviate from the luminescence standard according to the standard grayscale-brightness curve.
根据Gamma发光亮度标准，对驱动信号进行调整，还包括：对图像亮度不均匀背景校正；According to the Gamma luminous brightness standard, the driving signal is adjusted, which also includes: background correction for uneven brightness of the image;
所述不均匀背景，由相机成像过程引入，使用机器视觉符合人眼视觉标准的视觉敏感函数，对图像进行不均匀背景校正，The uneven background is introduced by the camera imaging process, and the uneven background correction is performed on the image by using the visual sensitivity function of the machine vision that meets the human vision standard.
所述提高亮度均匀性，具体的包括：计算补偿前，亮度提取后，整个AMOLED屏三色通道的亮度均匀性数值；The improvement of brightness uniformity specifically includes: calculating the brightness uniformity values of the three-color channels of the entire AMOLED screen before compensation and after brightness extraction;
拍摄补偿后采集到的AMOLED发光的亮度数据，重复亮度提取的步骤，得到亮度相对值并计算均匀度，与补偿前的数据对照比较，在不同灰阶都做类似的比较，评估均匀度提升的比率。Shoot the AMOLED luminance data collected after compensation, repeat the steps of luminance extraction, get the relative value of luminance and calculate the uniformity, compare with the data before compensation, make similar comparisons in different gray scales, and evaluate the improvement of uniformity ratio.
本发明提供的一种对AMOLED进行外部光学补偿的方法及装置，具有光学测量和发光点定位精度高、屏幕规格适用范围广、算法运行效率快等特点。主要包括AMOLED发光均匀性测量和外部驱动电流调整两个部分。具体来讲，利用高分辨的CCD相机2的感光面接收AMOLED样品3自发光点的光强信息，通过图像处理系统5转化为屏幕相应的发光强度值，与相应灰阶下标准亮度数据比较，计算出子像素的输入模拟信号的调整量，使用模拟信号发生器4驱动补偿模块对输入信号进行调整。避免了传统的图像采集系统，受限于低分辨率和暗光线下的低信噪比，不适用于大尺寸的AMOLED显示屏子像素的亮度测量；在此基础上利用基于图像处理的发光点定位算法，采用多项式的亮度—灰阶曲线拟合算法，实现了高分辨率AMOLED显示器的光学数据均一性的精确测量和实时补偿。根据SEMU国际半导体测量协会评估标准，补偿前后显示屏发光均匀性得到明显提升；提高了AMOLED的发光一致性，提高产品良率。The method and device for performing external optical compensation on AMOLED provided by the present invention have the characteristics of high optical measurement and luminous point positioning accuracy, wide application range of screen specifications, fast algorithm operation efficiency, and the like. It mainly includes two parts: AMOLED luminous uniformity measurement and external drive current adjustment. Specifically, the light intensity information of the self-luminous point of the AMOLED sample 3 is received by the photosensitive surface of the high-resolution CCD camera 2, converted into the corresponding luminous intensity value of the screen through the image processing system 5, and compared with the standard luminance data in the corresponding gray scale, Calculate the adjustment amount of the input analog signal of the sub-pixel, and use the analog signal generator 4 to drive the compensation module to adjust the input signal. Avoiding the traditional image acquisition system, which is limited by low resolution and low signal-to-noise ratio in dark light, it is not suitable for the brightness measurement of large-size AMOLED display sub-pixels; on this basis, the luminous point based on image processing is used The positioning algorithm adopts polynomial luminance-grayscale curve fitting algorithm to realize accurate measurement and real-time compensation of optical data uniformity of high-resolution AMOLED displays. According to the evaluation standard of SEMU International Semiconductor Measurement Association, the luminous uniformity of the display screen before and after compensation has been significantly improved; the luminous uniformity of AMOLED has been improved, and the product yield rate has been improved.
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be assumed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, some simple deduction or replacement can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.
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