CN107505359A - Fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system - Google Patents
Fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107505359A CN107505359A CN201710767026.2A CN201710767026A CN107505359A CN 107505359 A CN107505359 A CN 107505359A CN 201710767026 A CN201710767026 A CN 201710767026A CN 107505359 A CN107505359 A CN 107505359A
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- water bath
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system, the fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means includes the multiple testing agencies being arranged in frame, the testing agency includes water bath, the extraction case being fixed in the water bath, the electrothermal tube being fixed on inside the water bath, circulation pipe, it is fixed on the water bath external pump, the detection pipe being fixed on outside the water bath, the conductivity sensor being arranged in the detection pipe and the refraction sensor being arranged in the detection pipe, one end of the first circulation pipe is connected with the top of the extraction case, the other end is connected with the delivery port of the water pump；Solve the detection slow-release controlled-release fertilizer of fertilizer initial stage nutrient release rate, accumulation nutrient release rate, average discharge rate, in the measure such as fertilizer releasing period, need temporally to be mixed the operations such as leaching liquor, extraction leaching liquor, Jia Shui, measurement repeatedly, not only consume manpower, time-consuming, and it is cumbersome the problem of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer detection field, in particular it relates to a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system.
Background technology
With the development of agricultural science and technology, people gradually reduce the usage amount of inorganic fertilizer, arisen at the historic moment to the understanding of environmental protection
Slow-release controlled-release fertilizer product yield rise violently, fertilizer detection slow-release controlled-release fertilizer initial stage nutrient release rate, accumulation nutrient release
Put in the measure such as rate, average discharge rate, fertilizer releasing period, it is necessary to temporally be mixed leaching liquor, extraction leaching liquor repeatedly, added
Water, measurement etc. operate, and not only consume manpower, time-consuming, and cumbersome.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system, solves the inspection in fertilizer
Survey slow-release controlled-release fertilizer initial stage nutrient release rate, accumulation nutrient release rate, average discharge rate, in the measure such as fertilizer releasing period, need
The operations such as leaching liquor, extraction leaching liquor, Jia Shui, measurement are temporally mixed repeatedly, not only consume manpower, time-consuming, and
The problem of cumbersome.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, the fertilizer slow release to support
Point detection means includes the multiple testing agencies being arranged in frame, and the testing agency includes water bath, is fixed on the water
Extraction case, the electrothermal tube being fixed on inside the water bath, circulation pipe, the water being fixed on outside the water bath in bath cabinet
Pump, the detection pipe being fixed on outside the water bath, the conductivity sensor being arranged in the detection pipe and it is arranged at described
Refraction sensor in detection pipe, one end of the first circulation pipe are connected with the top of the extraction case, and the other end runs through
The outer wall of the water bath is simultaneously connected with the delivery port of the water pump, described detection pipe one end and the water inlet phase of the water pump
Connection, the other end run through the outer wall of the water bath and are connected with the bottom of the extraction case.
Preferably, first row waste pipe is also communicated with the water bath, the first ball valve is provided with the waste discharge water pipe.
Preferably, second row waste pipe is also communicated with the detection pipe, second is provided with the second row waste pipe
Ball valve.
Preferably, the upper end of the extraction case is provided with setting-out mouth, and the madial wall of the setting-out mouth is fixed with hook；It is described
The top of water bath is also communicated with overflow pipe.
Present invention also offers a kind of detecting system for including above-mentioned fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, the detection system
System includes fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, HMI device and PLC components；
The HMI device is fixed in the frame, and the PLC components include PLC module, communication module, the first relay
Device, online conductivity meter, the second relay and online refractometer；
The conductivity sensor, first relay, online conductivity meter, the communication module, the PLC
Module and the HMI device sequentially electrically connect, and conductivity sensor perceives the electrical conductivity of fertilizer release potassium nutrition, and electrical conductivity is believed
Number through the first relay gating by after the processing of line conductivity meter, being transmitted to PLC module and being calculated by communication module, and by HMI
Device is shown；
The refraction sensor, second relay, online refractometer, the communication module, the PLC module
Sequentially electrically connected with the HMI device, the refractive index of refraction sensor senses fertilizer release urea, by refractive index signal through second
Relay gating by communication module by after the processing of line refractometer, being transmitted to PLC module and being calculated, and shown by HMI device；
The PLC module is also electrically connected by first relay with the conductivity sensor, to control the electricity
Conductivity sensor is turned on and off；
The PLC module is also electrically connected by second relay with the refraction sensor, to control the refraction
Sensor is turned on and off.
Preferably, the PLC components also include thermal module, the temperature sensor and second being fixed on the water bath
Solid-state relay, the thermal module are electrically connected by second solid-state relay with the electrothermal tube；Temperature sensor is surveyed
The temperature signal obtained is handled by thermal module, is transferred to PLC module calculating, and is shown by HMI device, meanwhile, by HMI device
The temperature value of setting can be transferred to PLC module calculating, and be exported by thermal module to the second solid-state relay, control electric heating
Pipe heats, and realizes temperature control.
Preferably, the PLC components also include the first solid-state relay, the PLC module by first solid-state after
Electrical equipment electrically connects with the water pump so that the PLC module can control the water pump by first solid-state relay
It is turned on and off.
Preferably, the HMI device is internally provided with mixed-media network modules mixed-media.
According to above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention provides a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, the fertilizer slow release is supported
Point detection means includes the multiple testing agencies being arranged in frame, and the testing agency includes water bath, is fixed on the water
Extraction case, the electrothermal tube being fixed on inside the water bath, circulation pipe, the water being fixed on outside the water bath in bath cabinet
Pump, the detection pipe being fixed on outside the water bath, the conductivity sensor being arranged in the detection pipe and it is arranged at described
Refraction sensor in detection pipe, one end of the first circulation pipe are connected with the top of the extraction case, and the other end runs through
The outer wall of the water bath is simultaneously connected with the delivery port of the water pump, described detection pipe one end and the water inlet phase of the water pump
Connection, the other end run through the outer wall of the water bath and are connected with the bottom of the extraction case；Present invention also offers one kind
Include the detecting system of above-mentioned fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, the detecting system includes fertilizer slow release nutrient detection dress
Put, HMI device and PLC components；Fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system provided by the invention possess advantages below：1、
It is easy to operate；2nd, independent control temperature, can multiple samples while automatic detection；3rd, each nutrient release rate and acquisition time show automatically
Show；4th, figure shows release rate, it is easy to analyze coated fertilizer；5th, can manual mode or automatic mode, each parameter can manually adjust；
6th, it is easy to clean using finishing；7th, memory data output is big, power-fail memory function, and data are not lost in power failure；8th, network function monitors in real time,
And realize data summarization, analysis, printing.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment part.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is for providing a further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the first side view of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the second side view of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is the front view of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system provided by the invention；
Fig. 4 is the module map of detecting system in fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals
1- setting-out mouths 2- is linked up with
3- fertilizer samples 4- extracts case
5- water bath 6- overflow pipes
7- temperature sensor 8- water pumps
9- conductivity sensors 10- reflects sensor
11- the first ball valve 12- first row waste pipes
13- the second ball valve 14- second row waste pipes
15- electrothermal tube 16- detection pipes
17- circulation pipe 18- frames
19-HMI device 20-PLC components
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched
The embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention.
In the present invention, in the case where not making opposite explanation, " one end, other end " etc. is included in the noun of locality in term
Only represent orientation of the term under normal service condition, or be skilled artisan understands that be commonly called as, and be not construed as pair
The limitation of the term.
As Figure 1-Figure 4：The invention provides a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, the fertilizer slow release nutrient inspection
Multiple testing agencies that device includes being arranged in frame 18 are surveyed, the testing agency includes water bath 5, is fixed on the water-bath
Extraction case 4, the electrothermal tube 15 being fixed on inside the water bath 5, circulation pipe 17 in case 5, it is fixed on outside the water bath
Water pump 8, the detection pipe 16 being fixed on outside the water bath, the and of conductivity sensor 9 that is arranged in the detection pipe 16
The refraction sensor 10 being arranged in the detection pipe 16, one end of the first circulation pipe 17 and the top of the extraction case 4
It is connected, the other end runs through the outer wall of the water bath 5 and is connected with the delivery port of the water pump 8, the detection pipe 16 1
End be connected with the water inlet of the water pump 8, the other end through the water bath 5 outer wall and with it is described extract case 4 bottom
It is connected；Here fertilizer sample 3 is placed in extracting inside case 4 when detecting, and leaching liquor, water bath 5 are filled with extraction case 4
Electrothermal tube 15 is opened built with water, during detection to heat up to the water in water bath 5, can will be in extraction case 4 by water pump 8
Leaching liquor is recycled into detection pipe 16, and the conductivity sensor 9 in detection pipe can detect the conductance of fertilizer release potassium nutrition
Rate, refraction sensor 10 can detect the refractive index of fertilizer release urea.Fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means provided by the invention
And detecting system possesses advantages below：1st, it is easy to operate；2nd, independent control temperature, can multiple samples while automatic detection；3rd, it is each
Nutrient release rate is shown automatically with acquisition time；4th, figure shows release rate, it is easy to analyze coated fertilizer；5th, can manual mode or from
Dynamic model formula, each parameter can manually adjust；6th, it is easy to clean using finishing；7th, memory data output is big, power-fail memory function, and power failure is not lost
Data；8th, network function monitors in real time, and realizes data summarization, analysis, printing.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water in water bath 5, the water bath 5 are discharged for convenience
On be also communicated with first row waste pipe 12, the first ball valve 11 is provided with the waste discharge water pipe 12.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, discharge for convenience extracts the leaching liquor in case 4, the detection
Second row waste pipe 14 is also communicated with pipe 16, the second ball valve 13 is provided with the second row waste pipe 14.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, fixed fertilizer sample 3, described to extract the upper of case 4 for convenience
End is provided with setting-out mouth 1, and the madial wall of the setting-out mouth 1 is fixed with hook 2, and fertilizer sample 3 can be fixed on extension by lanyard
On hook 2, and extend in extraction case 4；
It is preferably carried out in one kind of the present invention in mode, in order to prevent the water in water bath 5 from overflowing, the water bath 5
Top be also communicated with overflow pipe 6.
Present invention also offers a kind of detecting system for including above-mentioned fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, the detection system
System includes fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, HMI device 19 and PLC components 20；
The HMI device 19 is fixed in the frame 18, and the PLC components 20 include PLC module, communication module, the
One relay, online conductivity meter, the second relay and online refractometer；
The conductivity sensor 9, the first relay, online conductivity meter, the communication module, the PLC moulds
Block and the HMI device 19 sequentially electrically connect, and conductivity sensor 9 perceives the electrical conductivity of fertilizer release potassium nutrition, by electrical conductivity
Signal is gated by after the processing of line conductivity meter, being transmitted to PLC module and being calculated by communication module through the first relay, and by
HMI device 19 is shown；
The refraction sensor 10, the second relay, the online refractometer, the communication module, the PLC module and
The HMI device 19 sequentially electrically connects, and refraction sensor 10 perceives the refractive index of fertilizer release urea, by refractive index signal through the
Two relays gating by communication module by after the processing of line refractometer, being transmitted to PLC module and being calculated, and shown by HMI device 19
Show；
The PLC module is also electrically connected by first relay with the conductivity sensor 9, to control the electricity
Conductivity sensor 9 is turned on and off；
The PLC module is also electrically connected by second relay with the refraction sensor 10, to control the folding
Penetrate being turned on and off for sensor 10.
Here HMI realizes whether each testing agency opens, nitrogen nutrient and potassium nutrition selection, time of measuring, temperature value
Setting, and nutrient release rate at initial stage, accumulation nutrient release rate, average discharge rate, the variable of fertilizer releasing period calculation formula
Value setting.Show each release rate, the release value of different time, release profiles.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, bath temperature is controlled for convenience, and the PLC components 20 also wrap
Thermal module, the solid-state relay of the temperature sensor being fixed on the water bath 57 and second are included, the thermal module passes through
Second solid-state relay electrically connects with the electrothermal tube 15；The temperature signal that temperature sensor 7 measures passes through thermal module
Processing, PLC module calculating is transferred to, and is shown by HMI device 19, meanwhile, the temperature value set by HMI device 19 can transmit
Calculated to PLC module, and exported by thermal module and heated to the second solid-state relay, control electrothermal tube 15, realize temperature control
System.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the PLC components 20 also include the first solid-state relay, described
PLC module is electrically connected by first solid-state relay with the water pump 8 so that the PLC module can pass through described
One solid-state relay controls being turned on and off for the water pump 8；PLC realizes that the water pump of each testing agency is opened in timing successively,
Corresponding relay is opened simultaneously, circulates leaching liquor；To online conductivity sensor and online refractometer sensor signal accordingly
Online conductivity meter and online refractometer are gated to, data are sent to PLC module through communication module and calculated, and circulate certain time
Afterwards, PLC transmits calculated value and shown to HMI, and records.The unlatching new round water pump after arrival time is completed after epicycle, according to
Secondary circulation, until extraction terminates.PLC plays a part of time switch, calculating effect is concurrently acted as, by standard HG/T 4216
According to the refractive index or electrical conductivity of measurement, standard of comparison curve, release rate and acquisition time are drawn.
In a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, for convenience by the running status and data on HMI device 19
It is sent to by network function on computer and does data summarization, analysis, printing, the HMI device 19 is internally provided with mixed-media network modules mixed-media,
Here Ethernet direct connection HNI devices 19 can directly be utilized.
Specific workflow：Present apparatus power supply is opened, according to the difference that nutrient is sustained in fertilizer to be measured, difference is opened in selection
Relay.Sustained release nutrient is urea, opens the second relay；Sustained release nutrient is potassium nutrition, opens the first relay.To water bath
In plus running water to there is a small amount of spilling, add to extraction case and meet water 20L as defined in HG/T2843, be warming up to design temperature.
The measure of standard curve：
Accurately weighed by standard HG/T 4216 requirement and crushed sample 12.50g, add water to be all transferred to after fully dissolving
Constant volume is mother liquor to be measured in 250mL volumetric flasks.Take successively 0.00mL, 2.00mL, 3.00mL, 5.00mL, 10.00mL,
30.00mL, 50.00mL, 100.00mL in extraction case leaching liquor in, simulation nutrient release rate be 0%, 0.8%, 2%, 4%,
8%th, 20%, 40%, 80%, and start circulating pump, successively measurement corresponding to release rate.
The measure of nutrients release：
The laboratory sample 12.50g without crushing, which is accurately weighed, by standard HG/T 4216 requirement is put into 150um (100
Mesh) finger-type mesh bag in, sealing rear overhang is hung on into the leaching liquor of design temperature, shuts lid door, starts PLC work.
After standard curve or sample test are complete, corresponding row's leaching liquor ball valve is opened, leaching liquor is discharged, is washed with water net leaching
Suitcase treats next use.
Respectively with compound (mixed) fertilizer of control release urea, slow-release carbamide, controlled release for sample, the present apparatus and " GB/T23348 slow-release fertilizers
The different fertilizer efficiency period release characteristic curves that chemical method and photometer measuring method measure in material " and " release and release control fertilizers of HG/T 4215 " almost weigh
Close, illustrate that present apparatus detection method will not change cumulative release rule.The release profiles Richards equations that two methods measure
Fit characteristic parameter No, k, ti indifference, in extremely significantly linear positive correlation, coefficient correlation is release rate assay result
0.999, standard error is respectively 0.09,0.16 and 0.10, therebetween without statistical discrepancy.When nutrients accumulation release rate is 80%
When, 3 kinds of sample T1、T2And T3Fertilizer releasing period differ only by 0.97,3.14,8.96d respectively.Present apparatus measure slow-release controlled-release is supported
Divide release rate and the degree of accuracy of fertilizer efficiency period and precision high, the nutrient release rate suitable for detecting different fertilizer efficiency period slow-release controlled-releases fertilizer
And fertilizer efficiency period, for evaluating the release performance of slow-release controlled-release fertilizer.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in association with accompanying drawing, still, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the present invention, a variety of letters can be carried out to technical scheme
Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It is further to note that each particular technique feature described in above-mentioned embodiment, in not lance
In the case of shield, can be combined by any suitable means, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can
The combination of energy no longer separately illustrates.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally
The thought of invention, it should equally be considered as content disclosed in this invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, it is characterised in that the Floating slugs detection device includes being arranged on frame (18)
On multiple testing agencies, the testing agency include water bath (5), be fixed in the water bath (5) extraction case (4),
It is fixed on the internal electrothermal tube (15) of the water bath (5), circulation pipe (17), is fixed on the outside water pump of the water bath (5)
(8), it is fixed on the outside detection pipe (16) of the water bath (5), the conductivity sensor being arranged in the detection pipe (16)
(9) and the refraction sensor (10) that is arranged in the detection pipe (16), one end and the leaching of the first circulation pipe (17)
The top of suitcase (4) is connected, and the other end runs through the outer wall of the water bath (5) and is connected with the delivery port of the water pump (8)
Logical, described detection pipe (16) one end is connected with the water inlet of the water pump (8), and the other end is through the outer of the water bath (5)
Wall is simultaneously connected with the bottom of the extraction case (4).
2. fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also connect on the water bath (5)
First row waste pipe (12) is connected with, the first ball valve (11) is provided with the waste discharge water pipe (12).
3. fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also connect on the detection pipe (16)
Second row waste pipe (14) is connected with, the second ball valve (13) is provided with the second row waste pipe (14).
4. fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the upper end of the extraction case (4)
Setting-out mouth (1) is provided with, the madial wall of the setting-out mouth (1) is fixed with hook (2)；
The top of the water bath (5) is also communicated with overflow pipe (6).
5. a kind of detecting system of the fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means in 1-4 including claim described in any one, it is special
Sign is that the detecting system includes fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means, HMI device (19) and PLC components (20)；
The HMI device (19) is fixed in the frame (18), the PLC components (20) include PLC module, communication module,
First relay, online conductivity meter, the second relay and online refractometer；
The conductivity sensor (9), first relay, online conductivity meter, the communication module, the PLC
Module and the HMI device (19) sequentially electrically connect, and conductivity sensor (9) perceives the electrical conductivity of fertilizer release potassium nutrition, will
Conductivity signal is gated by after the processing of line conductivity meter, being transmitted to PLC module and being calculated by communication module through the first relay,
And shown by HMI device (19)；
The refraction sensor (10), second relay, online refractometer, the communication module, the PLC module
Sequentially electrically connected with the HMI device (19), refraction sensor (10) perceives the refractive index of fertilizer release urea, and refractive index is believed
Number through the second relay gating by after the processing of line refractometer, being transmitted to PLC module and being calculated by communication module, and filled by HMI
Put (19) display；
The PLC module is also electrically connected by first relay with the conductivity sensor (9), to control the conductance
Rate sensor (9) are turned on and off；
The PLC module is also electrically connected by second relay with the refraction sensor (10), to control the refraction
Sensor (10) are turned on and off.
6. detecting system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the PLC components (20) also include thermal module, consolidated
Temperature sensor (7) and the second solid-state relay being scheduled on the water bath (5), the thermal module are solid by described second
State relay electrically connects with the electrothermal tube (15)；The temperature signal that temperature sensor (7) measures is handled by thermal module, is passed
PLC module calculating is handed to, and is shown by HMI device (19), meanwhile, the temperature value set by HMI device (19) can be transferred to
PLC module calculates, and is exported by thermal module to the second solid-state relay, control electrothermal tube (15) heating, realizes temperature control
System.
7. detecting system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the PLC components (20) also include the first solid-state after
Electrical equipment, the PLC module are electrically connected by first solid-state relay with the water pump (8) so that the PLC module can
Being turned on and off for water pump (8) is controlled by first solid-state relay.
8. detecting system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the HMI device (19) is internally provided with network mould
Block.
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| CN201710767026.2A CN107505359A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system |
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| CN201710767026.2A CN107505359A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Fertilizer slow release nutrient detection means and detecting system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112956319A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-15 | 新疆生产建设兵团第一师农业科学研究所 | Loss-control fertilizer detection device and detection method |
| CN117084158A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-21 | 南昌市农业科学院 | Facility cultivation nutrient supply system based on closed-loop environment and measuring method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112956319A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-15 | 新疆生产建设兵团第一师农业科学研究所 | Loss-control fertilizer detection device and detection method |
| CN117084158A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2023-11-21 | 南昌市农业科学院 | Facility cultivation nutrient supply system based on closed-loop environment and measuring method |
| CN117084158B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-16 | 南昌市农业科学院 | Facility cultivation nutrient supply system based on closed-loop environment and measuring method |
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