CN107504864A - A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method - Google Patents
A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107504864A CN107504864A CN201710658963.4A CN201710658963A CN107504864A CN 107504864 A CN107504864 A CN 107504864A CN 201710658963 A CN201710658963 A CN 201710658963A CN 107504864 A CN107504864 A CN 107504864A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- msub
- mrow
- optical system
- detector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method, step are as follows：Optical system is built first, so that laser through optical system imaging on the detector hot spot diameter be equal to photosurface radius, then the detectable range of linearity of system is wider and can make full use of the energy of hot spot on photosurface, secondly also make it that distortion is smaller when hot spot reaches detector edge；Single passage is then built, the laser of a certain bearing range can be detected, integrated optics system, optical filter, 4 quadrant detector, one-level amplifying circuit, there is miniaturization, strong antijamming capability；Then structure whole system is set, is made up of 24 passages, comprehensive 360 ° of detections non-blind area can be realized；Finally build man-machine interactive platform, can real-time display high accuracy positioning information, improve the service behaviour and operability of system.The present invention can realize comprehensive laser warning, there is good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser engineered net shaping field, particularly a kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method.
Background technology
Since nineteen sixty laser occurs, laser technology is fast-developing, militarily obtains a wide range of applications.Laser
The weaponrys such as ranging, laser guidance, laser reconnaissance, laser fuze, laser aiming, laser tracking, laser eyepiece instruction, significantly
Degree improves the operational performance of armament systems.Laser range finder greatly improves the first round hit probability of cannon, laser guided weapon
Laser-guided bomb, shell or guided missile can realize the precision strike to specific objective, the Gulf War, Kosovo War and its
In his local conflicts several times, important military efficiency has been played every time.The tactics and strategy high energy currently developed rapidly swashs
Light weapon, the outstanding person in new concept weapon is turned into its distinctive powerful power.As laser is in modern and future war
It is commonly used, laser detecting, laser guidance and laser weapon to military installations, military equipment, important economic goal form
Huge practical threat, promotes the laser countermeasure (s) to develop into the emphasis of photoelectronic warfare.
Laser reconnaissance alarm is the basis of laser countermeasure (s), is an important component of photoelectric comprehensive alarm, is a kind of
The reconnaissance of specific use.It is directed to the complicated laser threat source in battlefield, is capable of the presence of quick detection enemy's laser threat,
Threat warning information is sent, and determines the orientation in enemy's laser threat source, wavelength, intensity, pulse characteristic pulsewidth, again as far as possible
The information such as complex frequency, coding, the measure such as hide, protect, striking back so that we can take in time, reaching effective guarantee our personnel
Killing, interference or the purpose destroyed are exempted from weaponry.Now, laser reconnaissance alarm equipment oneself turn into modernization army must not
The EW Equipment that can lack.
In face of the laser threat source of complexity, round-the-clock, comprehensive effective laser warning is carried out, there is sizable skill
Art difficulty, it is primarily present following problem：
1st, the accurate judgement problem of laser azimuth.When enemy swashs target illuminated, by the laser warning in protection target
Device is likely to be received following four kinds of laser beams, and 1. 2. direct beam sputters light beam 3. 4. atmospheric scattering light beam exports scattered beam.Remove
Outside direct beam, the incident direction of remainder light beam and source position is threatened to be not directly dependent upon.
2nd, big visual field and high-precision contradiction.Big visual field causes the optical window number of alarm device to increase with high accuracy, ties
Structure is complicated.
3rd, blind area be present.So that detection probability is low, the service behaviour of warning system is reduced.
4th, maximization, cost height, circuit are complicated.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method, meet that various needs are comprehensive
The demand of laser warning.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method, including with
Lower step：
Step 1, structure optical system so that laser through optical system imaging on the detector hot spot diameter be equal to it is photosensitive
The radius in face；
Step 2, the single detection channels of structure, enabling detect in step 1 laser in optical system field of view angular region
Specific azimuth information, wherein azimuth information includes azimuth and the angle of pitch；
Step 3, the single passage in step 2 is replicated to n, n port annular is uniformly distributed 360 °, builds total system
So as to realize non-blind area omnidirectional detection；
Step 4, on the basis of step 3 total system, build man-machine interactive platform, for real-time display high accuracy positioning
Information.
Further, optical system field of view angle described in step 1 is 30 °, and distortion is minimum when hot spot reaches detector edge, light
The design parameter index of system is calculated as follows：
(1) entrance pupil dimension D
The frame of selected lens is entrance pupil for field stop, it is assumed that laser emitting power Pt, the reception on detector
Power is Pr, the signal to noise ratio of detector is SNR, and laser ranging formula is：
In formula, T0For one way atmospheric transmittance；TtIt is emission system transmitance；TrIt is the transmitance of reception system；ρ is mesh
Target reflectivity；AtIt is the specular cross section of target；ArIt is Receiver aperture area；R is target range；It is laser beam divergence；It is the angle that target deviates Laser emission beam center.
By above-mentioned formula, the minimum value for determining entrance pupil is 12mm, and the entrance pupil that this optical system determines is D=16mm；
(2) ω of the angle of visual field 2
The independent angle of visual field is 30 °, i.e. 2 ω=± 15 °.
(3) image distance l'
Detector is placed in defocus face l ' places,
L'=7.464mm can be obtained by formula r=l'tan ω；
(4) the focal length f' of lens
By formulaF'=8.612mm can be obtained；
(5) F numbers
(6) narrow band pass filter of corresponding wave band is added before optical system.
Further, single detection channels set gradually optical system, 4 quadrant detector, one-level amplification electricity in step 2
Road plate.
Further, n=24 in step 3, determination process are as follows：
Step 3-1, the angle of visual field of each detection channels is 30 ° i.e. ± 15 °, then need overlapping between passage visual field be two-by-two
15°；
Step 3-2, assume to need n detection channels, then need to meet
(n × 30-360)/n=15 °
Then try to achieve n=24.
Further, the man-machine interactive platform described in step 4 includes：LCD display, power switch, buzzer and button,
Changing interface can be carried out, real-time display system is detected to attack the specific orientation of laser and the passage of work.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：(1) laser of the present invention is detecting through optical system imaging
Hot spot on device is approximately round so that high accuracy positioning arithmetic accuracy is higher；(2) in the present invention single detection channels have it is integrated
The advantages that degree height, miniaturization, strong antijamming capability, and a specific angle can be detected；(3) present invention can realize
The comprehensive alarm of non-blind area；(4) sound and light alarm is realized in man-machine interaction in the present invention, real-time display warning information, more directly perceived more fast
Speed and interface variation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the index path of Optical System Design and parameter refer in the comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method of the present invention
Mark.
Fig. 3 is that the blind area in the comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method of the present invention overcomes schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the implementation illustration of the comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method of the present invention, wherein figure (a) is ZEMAX light paths
Design drawing, figure (b) design point range figure for ZEMAX, and figure (c) is single detection channels structure figure, and figure (d) is comprehensive laser warning
System constructing figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is described in further detail to the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, the comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method of the present invention, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, with reference to Fig. 2, design optical system so that diameter of the laser through optical system imaging hot spot on the detector
Equal to the radius of photosurface, secondly optical system field of view angle is 30 °, and distortion is minimum when hot spot reaches detector edge, optical system
The design parameter index of system is calculated as follows：
(1) entrance pupil dimension D
The frame of selected lens is entrance pupil for field stop, it is assumed that laser emitting power Pt, the reception on detector
Power is Pr, the signal to noise ratio of detector is SNR, and laser ranging formula is：
In formula, T0For one way atmospheric transmittance；TtIt is emission system transmitance；TrIt is the transmitance of reception system；ρ is mesh
Target reflectivity；AtIt is the specular cross section of target；ArIt is Receiver aperture area；R is target range；It is laser beam divergence；It is the angle that target deviates Laser emission beam center.
By above-mentioned formula, the minimum value for determining entrance pupil is 12mm, and the entrance pupil that this optical system determines is D=16mm；
(2) ω of the angle of visual field 2
The independent angle of visual field is 30 °, i.e. 2 ω=± 15 °；
(3) image distance l'
Detector is placed in defocus face l ' places,
L'=7.464mm can be obtained by formula r=l'tan ω；
(4) the focal length f' of lens
By formulaF'=8.612mm can be obtained；
(5) F numbers
(6) narrow band pass filter of corresponding wave band is added before optical system；
Step 2, with reference to Fig. 4 (c), design single detection channels, enabling detect optical system field of view angle in step 1
In the range of laser specific azimuth information, wherein azimuth information includes azimuth and the angle of pitch, passage set gradually optical system,
4 quadrant detector 7, one-level magnification circuit plate 8；Microscope base 6 is set on one-level magnification circuit plate 8, and the centre bottom of microscope base 6 is set
4 quadrant detector 7, the top of 4 quadrant detector 7 set lens barrel 4, and bottom sets optical filter 3 in lens barrel 4, optical filter 3 it is upper
Side sets spacer ring 5, and the top of spacer ring 5 sets condenser 2, and the top of condenser 2 sets trim ring 1.
Step 3, with reference to Fig. 3, on the basis of realization overcomes blind area, the single passage designed in step 2 is replicated into n=24
Individual, 24 port annulars are uniformly distributed 360 °, and structure total system can realize non-blind area omnidirectional detection, and analysis process is such as
Under：
(1) angle of visual field of each detection channels is 30 ° i.e. ± 15 °, in order to realize that omnibearing non-blind area detects, then needs two
Overlapping between two passage visual fields is 15 °；
(2) assume to need n detection channels, then need to meet
(n × 30-360)/n=15 °
Then try to achieve n=24.
Step 4, on the basis of step 3 total system, design man-machine interactive platform include：LCD display, power supply are opened
Pass, buzzer and button, can carry out changing interface, real-time display system is detected to attack the specific orientation of laser and work
Passage；
The laser of the present invention is approximately round through the hot spot of optical system imaging on the detector so that high accuracy positioning algorithm
Precision is higher.
It is specifically described with reference to embodiment, with reference to Fig. 4：
Embodiment
(1) optical system of condition is met by ZEMAX designs, index path is as schemed (a), and point range figure is as schemed (b)；
(2) the designed optical system of step 1 and 4 quadrant detector, the assembling of one-level magnification circuit plate are built into single spy
Passage is surveyed, design drawing is as schemed (c)；
(3) on the basis of the angle of visual field of the single optical system of step 1 is 30 °, through overcoming blind Range Analysis to understand, 24 are needed
Detection channels composition system in step 2 is as schemed (d), and 24 passages are uniformly placed on straight line 1~12, and whole system is a diameter of
460mm；
(4) on the basis of step 3 total system, design man-machine interactive platform includes：LCD display, power switch, honeybee
Ring device and button.
The inventive method design laser engineered net shaping can omnibearing non-blind area detection, miniaturization and cost it is low, mainly
Apply in military field, the targets of military importance such as fixed ground target, battlebus, naval vessel, aircraft can be assemblied in, can be effectively right
Anti- laser guidance.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, structure optical system so that diameter of the laser through optical system imaging hot spot on the detector is equal to photosurface
Radius；
Step 2, the single detection channels of structure, enabling detect the tool of laser in optical system field of view angular region in step 1
Body azimuth information, wherein azimuth information include azimuth and the angle of pitch；
Step 3, the single passage in step 2 is replicated to n, n port annular is uniformly distributed 360 °, structure total system so that
Realize non-blind area omnidirectional detection；
Step 4, on the basis of step 3 total system, build man-machine interactive platform, for real-time display high accuracy positioning believe
Breath.
2. comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that optics described in step 1
The system angle of visual field is 30 °, and distortion is minimum when hot spot reaches detector edge, and the design parameter index of optical system is calculated as follows：
(1) entrance pupil dimension D
The frame of selected lens is entrance pupil for field stop, it is assumed that laser emitting power Pt, the receiving power on detector is
Pr, the signal to noise ratio of detector is SNR, and laser ranging formula is：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>4</mn>
<msub>
<mi>P</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</msub>
<msubsup>
<mi>T</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>T</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>&rho;A</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>A</mi>
<mi>r</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mi>&pi;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<msup>
<mi>R</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</msup>
<msubsup>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mi>exp</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>8</mn>
<msup>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
</mrow>
<msubsup>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mi>t</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msubsup>
</mfrac>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula, T0For one way atmospheric transmittance；TtIt is emission system transmitance；TrIt is the transmitance of reception system；ρ is target
Reflectivity；AtIt is the specular cross section of target；ArIt is Receiver aperture area；R is target range；It is laser beam divergence；It is
Target deviates the angle of Laser emission beam center；
By above-mentioned formula, the minimum value for determining entrance pupil is 12mm, and the entrance pupil that this optical system determines is D=16mm；
(2) ω of the angle of visual field 2
The independent angle of visual field is 30 °, i.e. 2 ω=± 15 °；
(3) image distance l'
Detector is placed in defocus face l ' places,
L'=7.464mm can be obtained by formula r=l'tan ω；
(4) the focal length f' of lens
By formulaF'=8.612mm can be obtained；
(5) F numbers
<mrow>
<mi>F</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msup>
<mi>f</mi>
<mo>&prime;</mo>
</msup>
<mi>D</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<mn>8.612</mn>
<mn>16</mn>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0.538</mn>
<mo>;</mo>
</mrow>
(6) narrow band pass filter of corresponding wave band is added before optical system.
3. comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that single spy in step 2
Survey in passage and set gradually optical system, 4 quadrant detector, one-level magnification circuit plate.
4. comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that n=24 in step 3,
Determination process is as follows：
Step 3-1, the angle of visual field of each detection channels is 30 ° i.e. ± 15 °, then it is 15 ° to need overlapping between passage visual field two-by-two；
Step 3-2, assume to need n detection channels, then need to meet
(n × 30-360)/n=15 °
Then try to achieve n=24.
5. comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the people described in step 4
Machine interaction platform includes：LCD display, power switch, buzzer and button, changing interface, real-time display system can be carried out
Detect to attack the specific orientation of laser and the passage of work.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710658963.4A CN107504864B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710658963.4A CN107504864B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107504864A true CN107504864A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
| CN107504864B CN107504864B (en) | 2019-09-13 |
Family
ID=60690722
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710658963.4A Active CN107504864B (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2017-08-04 | A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107504864B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109489489A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-03-19 | 湖北华中光电科技有限公司 | A kind of big visual field laser warning method and system |
| CN109521414A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽惟允电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high directionally resolved laser warning method |
| CN110940415A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-31 | 中国人民武装警察部队士官学校 | Laser sensing system and method |
| CN112285912A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-29 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Wide-angle optical system based on single lens |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1673769A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-09-28 | 电子科技大学 | Double-optical fibre circular cascade laser warning device |
| CN103389519A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 刘晓奇 | Detecting and warning system for laser attacking directions |
-
2017
- 2017-08-04 CN CN201710658963.4A patent/CN107504864B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1673769A (en) * | 2004-03-25 | 2005-09-28 | 电子科技大学 | Double-optical fibre circular cascade laser warning device |
| CN103389519A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2013-11-13 | 刘晓奇 | Detecting and warning system for laser attacking directions |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 唐彦琴: "基于四象限探测器的激光定位系统研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库信息科技辑》 * |
| 赵俊奇等: "多窗口编码激光预警系统设计", 《火力与指挥控制》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109489489A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-03-19 | 湖北华中光电科技有限公司 | A kind of big visual field laser warning method and system |
| CN109489489B (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-10-23 | 湖北华中光电科技有限公司 | Large-view-field laser warning method and system |
| CN109521414A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-26 | 安徽惟允电子科技有限公司 | A kind of high directionally resolved laser warning method |
| CN110940415A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-31 | 中国人民武装警察部队士官学校 | Laser sensing system and method |
| CN110940415B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2022-04-08 | 中国人民武装警察部队士官学校 | Laser sensing system and method |
| CN112285912A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-29 | 中国航空工业集团公司洛阳电光设备研究所 | Wide-angle optical system based on single lens |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107504864B (en) | 2019-09-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107504864B (en) | A kind of comprehensive laser engineered net shaping construction method | |
| US8451432B2 (en) | Laser spot tracking with off-axis angle detection | |
| US7773202B2 (en) | Laser spot tracker and target identifier | |
| US6770865B2 (en) | Systems, methods, and devices for detecting light and determining its source | |
| US20200132415A1 (en) | Reticles, methods of use and manufacture | |
| US5970024A (en) | Acousto-optic weapon location system and method | |
| CA2444464A1 (en) | Method and aparatus for locating the trajectory of a projectile in motion | |
| RU2350992C2 (en) | Device for masking of optical-electronic instruments from laser direction finding facilities of enemy | |
| Tholl | Review and prospects of optical countermeasure technologies | |
| EP3011289B1 (en) | Threat warning system integrating flash event and transmitted laser detection | |
| CA3113111A1 (en) | System and methods for laser scattering, deviation and manipulation | |
| CN103615934B (en) | Anti-sniper detection system | |
| Sjöqvist et al. | Optics detection using a dual channel approach | |
| RU2588604C1 (en) | Method for automatic detection of targets | |
| Sjöqvist et al. | Optics detection and laser countermeasures on a combat vehicle | |
| Steinvall | Potential of preemptive DIRCM systems | |
| Zhang et al. | Present situation and development of laser angle deception jamming technology | |
| Zygmunt et al. | Laser warning system as an element of optoelectronic battlefield surveillance | |
| US11747445B2 (en) | Warning receiver for detecting and characterizing an optical source | |
| Steinvall | Laser dazzling: an overview | |
| RU2075721C1 (en) | Protective masking system | |
| Korolov et al. | Information-Reference System Creation Prerequisites for the Ground Forces Identification on the Battlefield According to NATO Standards. | |
| Dąbrowski et al. | Laser warning receiver LWR-H | |
| RU2388013C2 (en) | Method for functional jamming laser systems for searching for submerged underwater objects and device for realising said method | |
| Jeong | Analysis of the engagement effects of DIRCM against a man portable air defense system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Chen Wenjian Inventor after: Zhu Bingfei Inventor after: Li Wusen Inventor after: Zhang Junqian Inventor before: Zhu Bingfei Inventor before: Chen Wenjian Inventor before: Li Wusen Inventor before: Zhang Junqian |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |