CN107502293A - A kind of preparation method of dust suppressant - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of dust suppressant Download PDFInfo
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- CN107502293A CN107502293A CN201710749823.8A CN201710749823A CN107502293A CN 107502293 A CN107502293 A CN 107502293A CN 201710749823 A CN201710749823 A CN 201710749823A CN 107502293 A CN107502293 A CN 107502293A
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- starch
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- dust suppressant
- dust
- polyvinyl alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F251/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00
- C08F261/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08F261/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols on to polymers of vinyl alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of dust suppressant, comprise the following steps：Soluble sugar, amino acid or amino-acid salt, chlorella powder and water are mixed, is cultivated 5 30 days at 12 30 DEG C, obtains dispersion liquid；Dispersion liquid is added in the converted starch aqueous solution and mixed, obtains starch dust suppressant, wherein converted starch is made by starch and polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic graft copolymer.Present invention also offers one kind using starch dust suppressant made from above-mentioned preparation method.For the present invention using starch-grafted polyvinyl alcohol and two kinds of monomers of acrylic acid, the converted starch prepared has the advantages that big viscosity, good water solubility and stable in physicochemical property, adds the distribution liquid containing chlorella composition, significantly improves the anti-dust effect of dust suppressant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dust suppressant technology of preparing and field of environment protection, more particularly to a kind of preparation method of dust suppressant.
Background technology
In recent years, in the fuel that the thermal power plant of China uses, coal accounts for main ratio.Coal airborne dust is coal
Produce and using one of main atmosphere pollution dirt source of enterprise and mining city, and caused during the Coal Transport such as railway
Coal Loss and cause to one of major reason of dust public hazards of railway surrounding enviroment.Therefore, coal dust controlling is taken to arrange
Apply, be both coal production and the major measure of pollution, safety in production is reduced using enterprise, and economize on resources, environmental protection
Important measures.
The general method using watering suppresses coal airborne dust at present.The effect of watering dust suppression is to soak coal surface particle
Tiny drying coal dust, makes it be bonded to larger particle, reaches the purpose that can not be flown upward under external force.Though this method
It is so simple and easy to do, but because the adhesion between coal dust and hydrone is weaker, moisture is easy to evaporate, and can not meet permanently effective
Dust suppression demand.Therefore the coal dust suppression for developing new cheap price and excellent quality is very important with new material.The graft modification of starch
Prepare the extensive concern that dust suppressant causes scientific researcher.The graft copolymerization of starch vinyl monomer belongs to radical polymerization
Mechanism, mainly there are wet method, dry method and starch gelatinization state Graft Method, every kind of method to have the characteristics of respective at present.It there is now text
Offer and be reported in the side chain such as graft acrylamide on starch, synthesis there is water absorption water-retaining resin dust suppressant, have to coal dust moisturizing,
Coalescence and consolidation, play a part of suppressing coal airborne dust.The anti-dust effect of existing dust suppressant has much room for improvement.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of dust suppressant, connect using starch
Branch polyvinyl alcohol and two kinds of monomers of acrylic acid, the converted starch prepared have big viscosity, good water solubility and stable in physicochemical property
The advantages that, the distribution liquid containing chlorella composition is added, significantly improves the anti-dust effect of dust suppressant.
On the one hand, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of dust suppressant, comprise the following steps：
(1) soluble sugar, amino acid or amino-acid salt, chlorella powder and water mixing, cultivate 5-30 days at 12-30 DEG C, obtain
To dispersion liquid；
(2) dispersion liquid that step (1) obtains is added in the converted starch aqueous solution and mixed, starch dust suppressant is obtained, wherein becoming
Property starch is made by starch and polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic graft copolymer.
Further, in step (1), boiling tap water 20min is obtained into sterilized water.
Further, in step (1), during culture, shaken every 1-3h, chlorella is evenly distributed in nutrient solution.
Further, in step (1), soluble sugar is the one or more in glucose, sucrose and maltose；Nitrogen source
For amino acidses such as peptone, urea, glutamic acid, sodium glutamates.
Further, in step (1), soluble sugar, amino acid or amino-acid salt, the mass ratio of chlorella powder are 25:1
~10:1.
Further, in step (2), starch is in cornstarch, tapioca, farina and wheaten starch
It is one or more of.
Further, in step (2), the preparation method of converted starch comprises the following steps：
(S1) use alkali in and acrylic acid, degree of neutralization 60-90%；
(S2) polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water, the acrylic acid then added at 12-30 DEG C after the neutralization that step (S1) obtains, then add
Enter starch and initiator, react 60-120min after mixing at 45~85 DEG C, converted starch is obtained after cooling.
Further, in step (S1), alkali is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Further, in step (S2), the alcoholysis degree of polyvinyl alcohol is 70-98%.
Further, in step (S2), the mass ratio of acrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and starch after neutralization is 1:9-9:1.
Further, in step (S2), initiator is potassium peroxydisulfate or ammonium persulfate.
Further, in step (S2), the quality of initiator is acrylic acid and the total matter of starch after polyvinyl alcohol, neutralization
The 0.1%-1.0% of amount.
On the other hand, present invention also offers using the starch dust suppressant prepared by the above method.
Polyvinyl alcohol, as cross-linked network skeleton, starch is beaten using initiator by the present invention using starch with acrylic acid-grafted
On, the converted starch prepared has the advantages that big viscosity, good water solubility and stable in physicochemical property；The invention provides a kind of mistake
Journey is simple, anti-dust effect is notable, and the preparation method of economical and easily available environmental-friendly dust suppressant.
By such scheme, the present invention at least has advantages below：
(1) chlorella spreads liquid has tack to lipophile coal, and the dispersion liquid containing chlorella is added in converted starch solution, can
Promote dust suppressant to be attached to the surface of coal, form cover layer.
(2) length of chlorella and width are smaller and have oleophilic properties, are permeable to the pore with lipophile coal and work as
In, permeability of the dust suppressant in coal surface is increased, improves anti-dust effect.
(3) ball algae has more lipid and organic carbon element content is higher, and it, which burns, releases heat equivalent to phase homogenous quantities
The 80% of coal, possess the characteristic with coal multifuel combustion as fuel.
(4) because chlorella and coal have multifuel combustion, its multifuel combustion part can reach the effect of carbon neutralization, can not only reduce two
Carbonoxide is arranged high-volume, and is played the role of in terms of energy-conservation positive.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate detailed description as after.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for
Illustrate the present invention, but be not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is 70% that the NaOH solution that 18mL acrylic acid is 30% with concentration is neutralized into degree of neutralization, standby.Separately take 7.00g alcoholysis degrees
It is placed in for 70% polyvinyl alcohol in 500mL beakers, adds 150mL deionized waters, being heated to 85 DEG C is completely dissolved it.It is down to
After room temperature, the acrylic acid that above-mentioned degree of neutralization is 70% is added, 2.00g cornstarch is sequentially added, 0.35% (accounts for gross mass hundred
Fraction) potassium peroxydisulfate, stir and evenly mix, stir 80min under 65 DEG C of water bath conditions, be cooled to room temperature, it is molten to obtain converted starch
Liquid.
By boiling tap water 20min, sterilized water is obtained, takes 100mL sterilized waters to be placed in the conical flask of 250mL high-temperature sterilizations
In, glucose 5.00g, sodium glutamate 0.23g, chlorella powder 0.20g are added, and sealed with gauze.Normal temperature culture 7 days, it is small
In the incubation of ball algae, a conical flask was shaken every 2 hours, chlorella is uniformly distributed in nutrient solution, is contained
The dispersion liquid of chlorella composition.Then dispersion liquid is added in the converted starch solution of above-mentioned preparation, obtains starch dust suppressant.
It is as follows according to the anti-dust effect of the standard test dust suppressant of the Ministry of Railways, specific method：
1. the measure and computational methods of wind erosion rate：
The coal sample of the mesh of 10 mesh~30 is chosen, 300min is dried under conditions of 50 DEG C in an oven, removes moisture.Take the coal point of appropriate amount
2 (300mm × 210mm × 30mm) enamel pallets are not contained in, make coal surface concordant with pallet, and are weighed respectively,
Wherein the quality of coal is w1.Dust suppressant will be sprayed respectively in proportion in two pallets, dry in an oven under conditions of 50 DEG C
It is respectively put into after 120min in wind-tunnel, coal surface wind speed carries out 5min deflation under conditions of being 30m/s, then enter respectively
Row is weighed, and the quality of remaining coal is w2.Then sample wind erosion rate is calculated respectively by following equation：
。
In formula, E representative sample wind erosion rates；W1 represents the quality of coal before deflation；W2 represents the quality of coal after deflation.
The wind erosion rate that sample 1 is obtained by the above method is E1, and the wind erosion rate of sample 2 is E2, takes its average value, is this
The wind erosion rate test result of embodiment starch dust suppressant.
2. the measure of the cured layer thickness formed after sprinkling：
The cured layer that the coal seam at 4 after deflation is formed arbitrarily is taken, its thickness is surveyed with graduated scale, takes its average value, is this reality
Apply a thickness of starch dust suppressant processing coal seam solidify afterwards layer.
By calculating, the wind erosion rate of the present embodiment starch dust suppressant is 0.52%, and cured layer thickness is 1.02cm.As a result
Show, the starch dust suppressant prepared using the method for the present invention has preferable anti-dust effect to coal dust, meets railway ministerial standard.
Embodiment 2
It is 75% that the KOH solution that 18mL acrylic acid is 30% with concentration is neutralized into degree of neutralization, standby.Separately take 7.00g alcoholysis degrees
It is placed in for 98% polyvinyl alcohol in 500mL beakers, adds 150mL deionized waters, being heated to 85 DEG C is completely dissolved it.It is down to
After room temperature, the acrylic acid that above-mentioned degree of neutralization is 75% is added, 2.00g tapiocas is sequentially added, 0.30% (accounts for gross mass hundred
Fraction) ammonium persulfate, stir and evenly mix, stir 60min under 70 DEG C of water bath conditions, be cooled to room temperature, it is molten to obtain converted starch
Liquid.
By boiling tap water 20min, sterilized water is obtained, takes 100mL sterilized waters to be placed in the conical flask of 250mL high-temperature sterilizations
In, sucrose 5.00g, sodium glutamate 2.00g, chlorella powder 0.20g are added, and sealed with gauze.Normal temperature culture 5 days, bead
In the incubation of algae, a conical flask was shaken every 1 hour, chlorella is uniformly distributed in nutrient solution, obtains containing small
The dispersion liquid of ball algae composition.Then dispersion liquid is added in the converted starch solution of above-mentioned preparation, obtains starch dust suppressant.
Embodiment 3
It is 85% that the NaOH solution that 9mL acrylic acid is 30% with concentration is neutralized into degree of neutralization, standby.Separately take 7.00g alcoholysis degrees
It is placed in for 85% polyvinyl alcohol in 500mL beakers, adds 150mL deionized waters, being heated to 85 DEG C is completely dissolved it.It is down to
After room temperature, the acrylic acid that above-mentioned degree of neutralization is 85% is added, 2.00g wheaten starches is sequentially added, 0.35% (accounts for gross mass hundred
Fraction) potassium peroxydisulfate, stir and evenly mix, stir 100min under 60 DEG C of water bath conditions, be cooled to room temperature, it is molten to obtain converted starch
Liquid.
By boiling tap water 20min, sterilized water is obtained, takes 100mL sterilized waters to be placed in the conical flask of 250mL high-temperature sterilizations
In, maltose 5.00g, sodium glutamate 0.23g, chlorella powder 0.20g are added, and sealed with gauze.Normal temperature culture 10 days, it is small
In the incubation of ball algae, a conical flask was shaken every 3 hours, chlorella is uniformly distributed in nutrient solution, is contained
The dispersion liquid of chlorella composition.Then dispersion liquid is added in the converted starch solution of above-mentioned preparation, obtains starch dust suppressant.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of dust suppressant, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) soluble sugar, amino acid or amino-acid salt, chlorella powder and water are mixed, cultivated 5-30 days at 12-30 DEG C,
Obtain dispersion liquid；
(2) dispersion liquid that step (1) obtains is added in the converted starch aqueous solution and mixed, obtain the starch dust suppression
Agent, wherein the converted starch is made by starch and polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic graft copolymer.
A kind of 2. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described solvable in step (1)
Property sugar be glucose, sucrose and maltose in one or more；Nitrogen source is the ammonia such as peptone, urea, glutamic acid, sodium glutamate
Base acids.
A kind of 3. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：It is described in step (1)
Soluble sugar, amino acid or amino-acid salt, the mass ratio of chlorella powder are 25:1~10:1.
A kind of 4. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (2), the starch
For the one or more in cornstarch, tapioca, farina and wheaten starch.
A kind of 5. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (2), the denaturation
The preparation method of starch comprises the following steps：
(S1) use alkali in and acrylic acid, degree of neutralization 60-90%；
(S2) polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in water, acrylic acid, starch and the initiator added after the neutralization that step (S1) obtains, after mixing
Reacted at 45~85 DEG C, obtain the converted starch.
A kind of 6. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step (S1), the alkali
For sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
A kind of 7. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step (S2), in described
The mass ratio of acrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and starch with after is 1:9-9:1.
A kind of 8. preparation method of dust suppressant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is described to draw in step (S2)
It is potassium peroxydisulfate or ammonium persulfate to send out agent.
A kind of 9. preparation method of dust suppressant according to any one of claim 5-8, it is characterised in that：In step (S2)
In, the quality of the initiator is the polyvinyl alcohol, neutralize after acrylic acid and starch gross mass 0.1%-1.0%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710749823.8A CN107502293A (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | A kind of preparation method of dust suppressant |
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| CN201710749823.8A CN107502293A (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | A kind of preparation method of dust suppressant |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109294522A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-01 | 山东省药学科学院 | A kind of antibacterial indoor dust suppressant |
| CN109320663A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof of road construction dust suppression |
| CN113046028A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-06-29 | 河北蓝江生物环保科技有限公司 | High-efficiency dust-settling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115181546A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-14 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所 | Dust suppressant for railway coal transportation and preparation method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-08-28 CN CN201710749823.8A patent/CN107502293A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109320663A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of dust suppressant and preparation method thereof of road construction dust suppression |
| CN109320663B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2021-03-16 | 北京工业大学 | Dust suppressant for road construction and preparation method thereof |
| CN109294522A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-01 | 山东省药学科学院 | A kind of antibacterial indoor dust suppressant |
| CN109294522B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-06-22 | 山东省药学科学院 | Bacteriostatic indoor dust suppressant |
| CN113046028A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-06-29 | 河北蓝江生物环保科技有限公司 | High-efficiency dust-settling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113046028B (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-06-28 | 河北蓝江生物环保科技有限公司 | High-efficiency dust-settling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115181546A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-14 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所 | Dust suppressant for railway coal transportation and preparation method thereof |
| CN115181546B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2023-10-13 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所 | Dust suppressant for railway coal transportation and preparation method thereof |
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