CN107500659A - A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building - Google Patents
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building Download PDFInfo
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- CN107500659A CN107500659A CN201710871523.7A CN201710871523A CN107500659A CN 107500659 A CN107500659 A CN 107500659A CN 201710871523 A CN201710871523 A CN 201710871523A CN 107500659 A CN107500659 A CN 107500659A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
Abstract
The invention belongs to building material field, discloses a kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：600 700 parts of cement, 300 380 parts of super fine powder additives, 100 200 parts of silicon ash, 1,000 1200 parts of quartz sand, 20 30 parts of water reducer, 100 200 parts of steel fibre, 50 80 parts of microfibre, 100 200 parts of nano microsphere, 58 parts of economization agent, 0.5 1 parts of retarder, 35 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.1 0.3 parts of defoamer, 26 parts of natrium nitrosum, 13 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, 200 220 parts of water.It is big to efficiently solve RPC viscosity, constructional difficulties and hydration heat are big, easily the problem of generation shrinkage cracking.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material technical field, and in particular to a kind of reactive powder coagulation suitable for science of bridge building
Soil.
Background technology
RPC be the mid-90 France Bouygues company Richard et al. develop there is superelevation
Intensity, high tenacity, the cement-base composite material of high-durability and good volume stability.Since the material emerges, many works
Cheng Shi tries to explore its application in terms of engineering, has been successfully applied to the field of engineering technology such as bridge, mitigates dead load.It is living
Property powder concrete be a kind of to be given birth to raw materials such as cement, a large amount of superfine active admixtures, quartzy sand fine aggregate, additive and fibers
The high intensity toughness reinforcing concrete of production.It is big there is viscosity because cement in RPC and super fine powder additives dosage are big,
Flowing is slow, and constructional difficulties and hydration heat are big, easily the problem of generation shrinkage cracking.
Ferronickel slag is extracting metals nickel or a kind of granulation for being formed in dilval smelting process after cold water water quenching
Clinker.Its discharge capacity exceedes the total emission volumn of the metallurgical slags such as copper ashes, manganese slag, accounts for 1/5th of metallurgical slag total release.
China is to the comprehensive utilization ratio of these waste residues less than 10% at present, and its processing mode is more with outdoor stockpiling or landfill, and this is not only wasted
Resource, and substantial amounts of soil is taken, destroy the ecological environment on periphery.
The content of the invention
Present invention the problem of existing for prior art, there is provided it is a kind of have good workability, ungauged regions cracking is applied to
The RPC of science of bridge building, to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Cement 600-
700 parts, super fine powder additives 300-380 parts, silicon ash 100-200 parts, quartz sand 1000-1200 parts, water reducer 20-30 parts, steel it is fine
Dimension 100-200 parts, microfibre 50-80 parts, nano microsphere 100-200 parts, economization agent 5-8 parts, retarder 0.5-1 parts, rheology are excellent
Agent 3-5 parts, defoamer 0.1-0.3 parts, natrium nitrosum 2-6 parts, diethanol monoisopropanolamine 1-3 parts, water 200-220 parts.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash is that ferrosilicon or metallic silicon are reduced by the high purity quartz in electric arc furnaces, coke and wood chip in process of production
Caused byproduct, particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
The steel fibre meets GB/T31387-2015《RPC》Standard requirement.
The microfibre is calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
Preferably, the calcium carbonate crystal whisker diameter 1-2um, length 50-80um.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is one in laurylamino-propionic acid sodium, bay dipropionic acid sodium or lauryl amine APEO
Kind.
The retarder is maleic acid or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of organic polymer and inorganic salts.
Preferably, the organic polymer is polyethyleneimine or Sodium Polyacrylate.
It is furthermore preferred that the polyethyleneimine degree of polymerization is 60-80.
It is furthermore preferred that the Sodium Polyacrylate degree of polymerization is 40-60.
Preferably, the inorganic salts are one kind in sodium iodide, KI, ammonium iodide.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate or lower fatty acid（C6~C12）Two glyceride.
The lower fatty acid（C6~C12）Two glyceride are by C such as caproic acid, octanoic acid, capric acid, laurate6-C12Lower aliphatic
Two glyceride of the acid with glycerine esterification reaction generation purity more than 60%.
In the present invention, super fine powder additives grain fineness can form good grain composition, silicon significantly less than cement with cement
Ash particle fineness is much smaller than cement and super fine powder additives, the space that can be filled between cement and super fine powder additives, reaches most tight
Closs packing, improve the compactness of concrete；The combination of steel fibre and microfibre can reduce RPC to greatest extent
Crack caused by drying process, in addition, fiber is effectively improved activity to playing inhibition because of the extension in crack caused by external force
The deformability of powder concrete；Nano microsphere can make preparation with the interparticle space of filling concrete, reduction mix water consumption
Concrete is more closely knit, can also increase the mobility of concrete；Economization agent can be greatly lowered concrete and freely dry receipts
Concrete structure crack ftractures under contracting and limited situation；Cis-1 in the alkaline medium of cement mortar with Free Ca2+It is raw
Into molecule inner complex and intermolecular complex, slow down hydration rate, with continuing for aquation, they are voluntarily decomposed not
Aquation is influenceed, inhibitory action simply is produced to aquation at initial stage, the growth of plasticizing and later strength to fresh concrete is favourable
's；Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can form calcium phosphate in binder materials clinker phase surface, extend induction period, delay hydrated cementitious；It is inorganic
The electrolysis mass-energy that salt is formed in water forms the electric double layer of same electric charge on cement particle surface, and prevents be combineding with each other for particle,
Improve slurry plasticity.On powder granule surface, its chain extended conformation forms steric hindrance effect for organic polymer absorption, makes
It is effectively scattered between grain, reduce system viscosity；Defoamer can reduce caused foaming in whipping process, and it is closely knit to improve system
Degree；Natrium nitrosum has facilitation to system binder materials aquation, can also reduce the content of macropore, improves water mudrock structure,
In addition, it also has inhibitory action to steel fibre corrosion；Diethanol monoisopropanolamine can promote the hydration reaction of binder materials, carry
The intensity of high active powder concrete.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
（1）The RPC suitable for science of bridge building is prepared using levigate ferronickel ground-slag as super fine powder additives, can be solved
Certainly a large amount of stockpiling problems of ferronickel slag, make ferronickel slag obtain recycling utilization, can reduce the preparation cost of concrete again.
（2）The components such as microfibre, rheology optimization agent, nano microsphere are added, efficiently solve RPC viscosity
Greatly, fluidity is small, and constructional difficulties and hydration heat are big, easily the problem of generation shrinkage cracking.
Embodiment
The present invention is made with reference to specific embodiment and further being elaborated, but embodiment is not done to the present invention
Any type of restriction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：600 parts of cement, surpass
380 parts of fine admixture, 100 parts of silicon ash, 1200 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of water reducer, 200 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 50 part, nanometer are micro-
200 parts of pearl, 5 parts of economization agent, 1 part of retarder, 3 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.3 part of defoamer, 2 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethanol Dan Yi
3 parts of Propanolamine, 200 parts of water.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash is that ferrosilicon or metallic silicon are reduced by the high purity quartz in electric arc furnaces, coke and wood chip in process of production
Caused byproduct, particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The water reducer is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
The steel fibre meets GB/T31387-2015《RPC》Standard requirement.
The microfibre is calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is laurylamino-propionic acid sodium.
The retarder is maleic acid.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of polyethyleneimine and sodium iodide.
The defoamer is lower fatty acid（C6~C12）Two glyceride.
Embodiment 2
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：700 parts of cement, surpass
300 parts of fine admixture, 200 parts of silicon ash, 1000 parts of quartz sand, 30 parts of water reducer, 100 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 80 part, nanometer are micro-
100 parts of pearl, 8 parts of economization agent, 0.5 part of retarder, 5 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.1 part of defoamer, 6 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethanol list
1 part of isopropanolamine, 220 parts of water.
The microfibre is diameter 1-2um, length 50-80um calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is bay dipropionic acid sodium.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of the Sodium Polyacrylate that the degree of polymerization is 40-60 with KI.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：650 parts of cement, surpass
340 parts of fine admixture, 160 parts of silicon ash, 1100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of water reducer, 120 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 70 part, nanometer are micro-
160 parts of pearl, 7 parts of economization agent, 0.9 part of retarder, 4 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.2 part of defoamer, 5 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethanol list
2 parts of isopropanolamine, 210 parts of water.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The microfibre is diameter 1-2um, length 50-80um calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is lauryl amine APEO.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of the polyethyleneimine and ammonium iodide that the degree of polymerization is 60-80.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate.
Embodiment 4
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：620 parts of cement, surpass
360 parts of fine admixture, 130 parts of silicon ash, 1050 parts of quartz sand, 23 parts of water reducer, 135 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 70 part, nanometer are micro-
145 parts of pearl, 6.5 parts of economization agent, 0.6 part of retarder, 3.5 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.25 part of defoamer, 4 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethyl
2.2 parts of alcohol monoisopropanolamine, 205 parts of water.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash is that ferrosilicon or metallic silicon are reduced by the high purity quartz in electric arc furnaces, coke and wood chip in process of production
Caused byproduct, particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The steel fibre meets GB/T31387-2015《RPC》Standard requirement.
The microfibre is calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is laurylamino-propionic acid sodium.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Polyethyleneimine organic polymer and KI by weight 1 of the rheology optimization agent by the amine degree of polymerization for 60-80:
3 compositions.
The defoamer is lower fatty acid（C6~C12）Two glyceride.
Embodiment 5
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：680 parts of cement, surpass
340 parts of fine admixture, 130 parts of silicon ash, 1150 parts of quartz sand, 28 parts of water reducer, 200 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 60 part, nanometer are micro-
180 parts of pearl, 6 parts of economization agent, 0.8 part of retarder, 3.9 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.18 part of defoamer, 3 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethanol
1.5 parts of monoisopropanolamine, 213 parts of water.
Comparative example 1
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：650 parts of cement, surpass
340 parts of fine admixture, 160 parts of silicon ash, 1100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of water reducer, 120 parts of steel fibre, 160 parts of nano microsphere, subtract
7 parts of contracting agent, 0.9 part of retarder, 4 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.2 part of defoamer, 5 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethanol monoisopropanolamine 2
Part, 210 parts of water.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is lauryl amine APEO.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of the polyethyleneimine and ammonium iodide that the degree of polymerization is 60-80.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate.
Comparative example 2
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：650 parts of cement, surpass
340 parts of fine admixture, 160 parts of silicon ash, 1100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of water reducer, 120 parts of steel fibre, 70 parts of microfibre, economization agent
7 parts, 0.9 part of retarder, rheology optimization 4 parts of agent, 0.2 part of defoamer, 5 parts of natrium nitrosum, 2 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, water
210 parts.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The microfibre is diameter 1-2um, length 50-80um calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The economization agent is lauryl amine APEO.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of the polyethyleneimine and ammonium iodide that the degree of polymerization is 60-80.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate.
Comparative example 3
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：650 parts of cement, surpass
340 parts of fine admixture, 160 parts of silicon ash, 1100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of water reducer, 120 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 70 part, nanometer are micro-
160 parts of pearl, 0.9 part of retarder, 4 parts of agent of rheology optimization, 0.2 part of defoamer, 5 parts of natrium nitrosum, diethanol monoisopropanolamine 2
Part, 210 parts of water.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The microfibre is diameter 1-2um, length 50-80um calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The rheology optimization agent is made up of the polyethyleneimine and ammonium iodide that the degree of polymerization is 60-80.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate.
Comparative example 4
A kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：650 parts of cement, surpass
340 parts of fine admixture, 160 parts of silicon ash, 1100 parts of quartz sand, 25 parts of water reducer, 120 parts of steel fibre, microfibre 70 part, nanometer are micro-
160 parts of pearl, 7 parts of economization agent, 0.9 part of retarder, 0.2 part of defoamer, 5 parts of natrium nitrosum, 2 parts of diethanol monoisopropanolamine, water
210 parts.
The cement is the cement of PO 42.5.
The super fine powder additives are levigate ferronickel ground-slag, average grain diameter 10-20um.
The silicon ash particle diameter is between 0.1-0.2 um.
The quartz sand particle size scope is between 0.16 mm-0.63 mm.
The microfibre is diameter 1-2um, length 50-80um calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
The nano microsphere is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
The economization agent is lauryl amine APEO.
The retarder is potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The defoamer is tributyl phosphate.
Performance test
By the RPC suitable for science of bridge building obtained by above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4 with 40mm ×
40mm × 160mm three glue sand die trial vibration mouldings, strength test is carried out after standard curing, with reference to GB751-81《Cement gel
Sand dry shrinkage test method》Dry shrinkage testing is carried out, with reference to GB2419-1999《Test method for fluidity of cement mortar》Carry out fluidity
Measure, as a result see the table below 1.
The results of property of table 1
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made,
Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of RPC suitable for science of bridge building, it is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Cement 600-700
Part, super fine powder additives 300-380 parts, silicon ash 100-200 parts, quartz sand 1000-1200 parts, water reducer 20-30 parts, steel fibre
100-200 parts, microfibre 50-80 parts, nano microsphere 100-200 parts, economization agent 5-8 parts, retarder 0.5-1 parts, rheology optimization
Agent 3-5 parts, defoamer 0.1-0.3 parts, natrium nitrosum 2-6 parts, diethanol monoisopropanolamine 1-3 parts, water 200-220 parts.
2. the RPC according to claim 1 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the microfibre
For calcium carbonate crystal whisker.
3. the RPC according to claim 1 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the nanometer is micro-
Pearl is the ultrafine dust collected from the smog of coal fired power plant discharge, average grain diameter≤1.0um.
4. the RPC according to claim 1 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the economization agent
For one kind in laurylamino-propionic acid sodium, bay dipropionic acid sodium or lauryl amine APEO.
5. the RPC according to claim 1 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the retarder
For maleic acid or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
6. the RPC according to claim 1 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the rheology is excellent
Agent is made up of organic polymer and inorganic salts.
7. the RPC according to claim 6 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that described organic poly-
Compound is polyethyleneimine or Sodium Polyacrylate.
8. the RPC according to claim 7 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the polyethylene
The imines degree of polymerization is 60-80, and the Sodium Polyacrylate degree of polymerization is 40-60.
9. the RPC according to claim 6 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the inorganic salts
For one kind in sodium iodide, KI, ammonium iodide.
10. the RPC according to claim 1 suitable for science of bridge building, it is characterised in that the defoaming
Agent is tributyl phosphate or lower fatty acid（C6~C12）Two glyceride.
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| CN201710871523.7A CN107500659B (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2017-09-25 | Reactive powder concrete suitable for bridge engineering |
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| CN201710871523.7A CN107500659B (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2017-09-25 | Reactive powder concrete suitable for bridge engineering |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108585691A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏百瑞吉新材料有限公司 | It is a kind of to pump impervious ultra-retardation concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN110041015A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-23 | 广东清大同科环保技术有限公司 | A kind of full solid waste ecology cementitious material |
| CN110668766A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 中铁建设集团有限公司 | Reactive powder concrete plate slurry and reactive powder concrete plate |
| CN112551982A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳市恒星建材有限公司 | High-toughness carbon nanotube premixed concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN101486554A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Low cost active powder concrete and preparation thereof |
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2017
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101486554A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-22 | 武汉理工大学 | Low cost active powder concrete and preparation thereof |
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| 刘娟红等: "《绿色高性能混凝土技术与工程应用》", 31 January 2011, 中国电力出版社 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108585691A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 江苏百瑞吉新材料有限公司 | It is a kind of to pump impervious ultra-retardation concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN110668766A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2020-01-10 | 中铁建设集团有限公司 | Reactive powder concrete plate slurry and reactive powder concrete plate |
| CN110041015A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-07-23 | 广东清大同科环保技术有限公司 | A kind of full solid waste ecology cementitious material |
| CN112551982A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-26 | 深圳市恒星建材有限公司 | High-toughness carbon nanotube premixed concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107500659B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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