CN107498140B - Laser coaxial brazing device and laser welding method - Google Patents
Laser coaxial brazing device and laser welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107498140B CN107498140B CN201710751881.4A CN201710751881A CN107498140B CN 107498140 B CN107498140 B CN 107498140B CN 201710751881 A CN201710751881 A CN 201710751881A CN 107498140 B CN107498140 B CN 107498140B
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- laser beam
- laser
- filler metal
- brazing filler
- module
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
- B23K3/04—Heating appliances
- B23K3/047—Heating appliances electric
Abstract
The invention discloses a laser coaxial brazing device and a welding method, which comprises the following steps: the cone mirror module is used for diverging the first laser beam and expanding the outer diameter of the first laser beam so as to obtain a second laser beam; the focusing module is used for focusing the second laser beam and forming a conical light-free area in the focused second laser beam; and the feeding mechanism enables the brazing filler metal to reach a welding position after passing through the conical light-free area. The invention ensures that the brazing filler metal and the laser light path are coaxial, ensures that the brazing filler metal is uniformly heated, has more attractive welding seams and can realize accurate positioning of the brazing filler metal.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of laser welding, in particular to a laser coaxial brazing device and a laser welding method.
background
the laser welding technology has the advantages of high energy density, small heat affected zone, high welding precision, attractive welding line, no need of subsequent treatment and the like, so that the laser welding technology is more and more widely applied to industrial production. The laser brazing technology is one of laser welding technologies, the problem that a welding seam is easy to collapse in common laser welding is solved, and thick plate welding can be achieved. However, in laser soldering devices in the market, the feeding mechanism and the laser light path are not coaxial, namely the feeding mechanism feeds materials from the side surface of the soldering joint, and the solder is heated unevenly; and because the laser facula is small, it is difficult to guarantee that facula and brazing filler metal are accurate to be positioned.
therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser coaxial brazing apparatus and a laser welding method, which can accurately position the brazing filler metal and uniformly heat the brazing filler metal.
disclosure of Invention
aiming at the defects, the invention provides a laser coaxial brazing device and a laser welding method, wherein a brazing filler metal is coaxial with a laser light path, namely the brazing filler metal passes through the middle of a conical lightless area and is vertically conveyed to a welding position, and the brazing filler metal is heated by taking laser as a heat source, so that the brazing filler metal is uniformly heated; the brazing filler metal is preheated above the laser focus, and then heating, melting and welding are carried out at the focus, so that the welding seam is more attractive; meanwhile, the position of the protection piece can be adjusted, and the brazing filler metal and the laser faculae can be accurately positioned.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for the technical problem is as follows:
In one aspect, a laser coaxial brazing apparatus is provided, which includes:
the cone mirror module is used for diverging the first laser beam and expanding the outer diameter of the first laser beam so as to obtain a second laser beam;
The focusing module is used for focusing the second laser beam and forming a conical light-free area in the focused second laser beam;
and the feeding mechanism enables the brazing filler metal to reach a welding position after passing through the conical light-free area.
preferably, the laser coaxial brazing apparatus further includes: and the reflecting module is respectively connected with the conical mirror module and the focusing module and is used for reflecting the second laser beam to the focusing module.
Preferably, the laser coaxial brazing apparatus further includes: and the protection module is used for allowing the second laser beam passing through the focusing module and the brazing filler metal to pass through and protecting the second laser beam, the conical light-free area and the end part of the brazing filler metal close to the welding position.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a limiting member for the brazing filler metal to pass through, and the limiting member and the conical matte area are coaxially disposed.
Preferably, the protection module includes:
a protective seat;
a protection member disposed in the protection seat;
the air nozzle is connected with the lower end surface of the protection piece and is used for accommodating the lower end part of the limiting piece;
and the second laser beam and the brazing filler metal passing through the focusing module sequentially penetrate through the protection piece and the air tap and then reach the welding position.
Preferably, the protection module further comprises: and the adjusting assembly is arranged on the protecting seat and is used for adjusting the position of the protecting piece in the horizontal direction.
preferably, the protection module further comprises:
a base disposed around the protection seat;
The first magnetic piece is arranged at the bottom of the protective seat;
And a second magnetic member disposed below the base;
when the adjusting assembly adjusts the position of the protecting piece in the horizontal direction, the protecting piece is kept horizontal through the adsorption force between the first magnetic piece and the second magnetic piece.
preferably, the laser coaxial brazing apparatus further includes: a collimating module for generating the first laser beam.
preferably, the laser coaxial brazing apparatus further includes: and the observation assembly is used for observing the welding condition at the welding position.
On the other hand, the laser welding method by using the laser coaxial brazing device comprises the following steps:
S1, heating the welding position through the second laser beam;
S2, conveying the brazing filler metal through a feeding mechanism, enabling the brazing filler metal to penetrate through the conical light-free area and be preheated above the focal position of the second laser beam;
And S3, melting the brazing filler metal at the focal position of the second laser beam, and welding the welding position.
According to the laser coaxial brazing device and the laser welding method, the brazing filler metal is coaxial with a laser light path, namely the brazing filler metal penetrates through the middle of the conical lightless area and is vertically conveyed to a welding position, the brazing filler metal is heated by taking laser as a heat source, and the brazing filler metal is uniformly heated; the brazing filler metal is preheated above the laser focus, and then heating, melting and welding are carried out at the focus, so that the welding seam is more attractive.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a laser coaxial brazing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a laser coaxial brazing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of a laser coaxial brazing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a protection module according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a protection module according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a welding method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
for a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the laser coaxial brazing apparatus of the present invention includes:
A collimation module 1 for generating the first laser beam 11;
a conical mirror module 2 for diverging the first laser beam 11, expanding the outer diameter of the first laser beam 11, thereby obtaining a second laser beam 21, and forming a no light region P1 in the second laser beam 21;
a reflection module 3, respectively connected to the cone mirror module 2 and the focusing module 6, for reflecting the second laser beam 21 to the focusing module 6;
A focusing module 6 for focusing the second laser beam 21, and as shown in fig. 3, the focusing module 6 makes the focused second laser beam 21 have a conical light-free area P2 with the tip of the conical light-free area P2 facing downward;
And a feeding mechanism 5 for feeding the brazing filler metal 52 to a welding position after passing through the conical matte region P2.
And a protection module 7, which is used for the second laser beam 21 passing through the focusing module 6 and the brazing filler metal 52 to pass through, so as to protect the second laser beam 21, the conical light-free region P2 and the end part of the brazing filler metal 52 close to the welding position, avoid the interference of external factors on the second laser beam 21 and the brazing filler metal 52, and simultaneously, enable personnel to be far away from the second laser beam 21 and the brazing filler metal 52, thereby ensuring the personal safety. Meanwhile, more importantly, the protection module 7 can protect the focusing lens and prevent welding slag in the welding process from splashing upwards, so that the expensive focusing lens is damaged.
further, as shown in fig. 2, the feeding mechanism 5 includes a limiting member 51 through which the brazing material 52 vertically passes, and the limiting member 51, the brazing material 52 and the conical light-free region P2 are coaxially disposed, so that the brazing material 52 located in the limiting member 51 can be positioned to prevent the brazing material 52 from shaking.
preferably, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the protection module 7 includes: a protective seat 75; a protection member 78 detachably disposed in the protection seat 75, and preferably coaxially disposed with the protection seat 75, in this embodiment, the protection member 78 may be a protection lens, and when the protection member 78 is damaged, it can be removed in time for replacement; and an air nozzle 71 connected to a lower end surface of the protection member 78 for receiving a lower end portion of the stopper 51; the second laser beam 21 and the brazing filler metal 52 passing through the focusing module 6 sequentially pass through the protection member 78 and the air tap 71 to reach the welding position, and meanwhile, the limiting member 51 is in interference fit with the protection member 78, and a gap exists between the limiting member 51 and the inner hole of the other lens above the protection member 78; after the limiting member 51 vertically passes through the protecting member 78, the lower end of the limiting member 51 is accommodated in the air faucet 71.
Further, to ensure that the protecting member 78 is in a horizontal position, the protecting module 7 further comprises: at least an adjusting assembly 76 is disposed on the protective seat 75 for adjusting the position of the protective member 78 in the horizontal direction so that the lower end portion of the filler metal 52 is accurately positioned at the laser focus of the second laser beam 21. In this embodiment, the adjusting assemblies 76 may be adjusting knobs, and an even number of the adjusting assemblies 76 are symmetrically disposed on the protective seat 75.
on this basis, when the adjusting assembly 76 adjusts the horizontal position of the protection member 78, the protection member 78 may tilt due to the angle of the force applied by the adjusting assembly 76, that is, the protection member 78 is no longer in the horizontal position, and in order to avoid the above situation, the protection module further includes: a base 74 disposed around the protective seat 75; at least one first magnetic member 77 (e.g., a magnet) disposed at the bottom of the protective base 75, preferably, at least one receiving cavity may be disposed at the bottom of the protective base 75, and each receiving cavity is adhered with one first magnetic member 77; and a second magnetic member 73 (e.g., a magnetic stainless steel plate) disposed below the base 74;
When the adjusting assembly 76 adjusts the position of the protecting member 78 in the horizontal direction, the protecting member 78 is always kept horizontal by the attraction force between the first magnetic member 77 and the second magnetic member 73, and the protecting member 78 is prevented from being inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.
in addition, for the convenience of observation, the laser coaxial brazing device further comprises: and an observation assembly 4 for observing the welding condition at the welding position, thereby guiding the welding operation.
in this embodiment, the center of the second laser beam 21 has a conical non-light area P2, so the lower end of the brazing filler metal 52 is already in contact with the laser beam at a position above the laser focus point (i.e., point P in fig. 3) of the second laser beam 21, so that the brazing filler metal 52 is preheated, and when the lower end of the brazing filler metal 52 reaches the laser focus point P, the brazing filler metal is melted by the second laser beam 21, and the welding position is welded, thereby ensuring a more beautiful weld.
example two:
As shown in fig. 6, the present invention also provides a method for laser welding by using the laser coaxial brazing apparatus, which comprises the following steps:
s1, heating the welding position through the second laser beam;
s2, conveying the brazing filler metal to the welding position through a feeding mechanism, enabling the brazing filler metal to penetrate through the conical light-free area and be preheated above the focal position of the second laser beam;
and S3, melting the brazing filler metal at the focal position of the second laser beam, and welding the welding position.
further, when the expected feeding amount is reached, the feeding mechanism stops feeding the brazing filler metal, stops generating the second laser beam, and waits for solidification and forming of the brazing filler metal.
It should be noted that the technical features of the first and second embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and the combined technical solutions all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In summary, in the laser coaxial brazing device and the laser welding method, the brazing filler metal is coaxial with the laser light path, i.e. the brazing filler metal passes through the middle of the conical lightless area and is vertically conveyed to the welding position, and the brazing filler metal is heated by using laser as a heat source, so that the brazing filler metal is uniformly heated; the brazing filler metal is preheated above the laser focus, and then heating, melting and welding are carried out at the focus, so that the welding seam is more attractive; meanwhile, the position of the protection piece can be adjusted, and the brazing filler metal and the laser faculae can be accurately positioned.
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A laser coaxial brazing apparatus, comprising:
the cone mirror module is used for diverging the first laser beam and expanding the outer diameter of the first laser beam so as to obtain a second laser beam;
the focusing module is used for focusing the second laser beam and forming a conical light-free area in the focused second laser beam;
the feeding mechanism enables the brazing filler metal to reach a welding position after passing through the conical light-free area;
The protection module is used for allowing the second laser beam passing through the focusing module and the brazing filler metal to pass through and protecting the second laser beam, the conical light-free area and the end part of the brazing filler metal close to the welding position;
the protection module includes: a protective seat; a protection member disposed in the protection seat; the air nozzle is connected with the lower end surface of the protection piece and is used for accommodating the lower end part of the limiting piece; the second laser beam and the brazing filler metal passing through the focusing module sequentially penetrate through the protection piece and the air tap and then reach a welding position;
the limiting piece is used for allowing the brazing filler metal to penetrate through and is coaxially arranged with the conical matte area; the limiting piece vertically penetrates through the protection piece and is in interference fit with the protection piece;
the protection module further includes: and the adjusting assembly is arranged on the protecting seat and is used for adjusting the position of the protecting piece in the horizontal direction.
2. The laser coaxial brazing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: and the reflecting module is respectively connected with the conical mirror module and the focusing module and is used for reflecting the second laser beam to the focusing module.
3. The laser co-axial brazing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the protection module further comprises:
A base disposed around the protection seat;
The first magnetic piece is arranged at the bottom of the protective seat;
And a second magnetic member disposed below the base;
When the adjusting assembly adjusts the position of the protecting piece in the horizontal direction, the protecting piece is kept horizontal through the adsorption force between the first magnetic piece and the second magnetic piece.
4. The laser coaxial brazing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a collimating module for generating the first laser beam.
5. The laser coaxial brazing apparatus of claim 4, further comprising: and the observation assembly is used for observing the welding condition at the welding position.
6. A method of laser welding using the laser coaxial brazing apparatus of claim 5, comprising the steps of:
S1, heating the welding position through the second laser beam;
S2, conveying the brazing filler metal through a feeding mechanism, enabling the brazing filler metal to penetrate through the conical light-free area and be preheated above the focal position of the second laser beam;
And S3, melting the brazing filler metal at the focal position of the second laser beam, and welding the welding position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710751881.4A CN107498140B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Laser coaxial brazing device and laser welding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710751881.4A CN107498140B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Laser coaxial brazing device and laser welding method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107498140A CN107498140A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
| CN107498140B true CN107498140B (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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| CN201710751881.4A Active CN107498140B (en) | 2017-08-28 | 2017-08-28 | Laser coaxial brazing device and laser welding method |
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| CN113770469B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-04-29 | 陇东学院 | Laser and plug brazed coaxial hybrid welding apparatus and method |
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| CN202021424U (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-11-02 | 东阳市双燕设备有限公司 | Laser wire filling welding machine with non-stable cavity and coaxial wire feed |
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| CN104950455A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-30 | 长春理工大学 | Method for realizing coaxiality of inner and outer cone mirrors for producing hollow beams |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3664904B2 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2005-06-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Laser processing head |
| US9597749B2 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-03-21 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Laser waveguide with coaxial filler wire feed |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101733550B (en) * | 2010-01-09 | 2012-04-25 | 苏州大学 | Welding wire sending and pulverized solder sending laser cladding forming method and device |
| CN202021424U (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-11-02 | 东阳市双燕设备有限公司 | Laser wire filling welding machine with non-stable cavity and coaxial wire feed |
| CN203541861U (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-04-16 | 南京中科煜宸激光技术有限公司 | Laser electric arc hybrid welding coaxial wire feeding processing device |
| CN104588806A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-05-06 | 江苏中科四象激光科技有限公司 | Carbide blade laser brazing method |
| CN104722929A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 纽敦光电科技（上海）有限公司 | Laser cutting head |
| CN104950455A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-30 | 长春理工大学 | Method for realizing coaxiality of inner and outer cone mirrors for producing hollow beams |
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| CN107498140A (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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