CN107497982A - A kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability - Google Patents
A kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability Download PDFInfo
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- CN107497982A CN107497982A CN201710715044.6A CN201710715044A CN107497982A CN 107497982 A CN107497982 A CN 107497982A CN 201710715044 A CN201710715044 A CN 201710715044A CN 107497982 A CN107497982 A CN 107497982A
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- Prior art keywords
- forging
- anvil
- ratio
- length
- improve
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/06—Hammers tups; Anvils; Anvil blocks
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability, mainly include the following steps that：Step is 1.：The determination of the long ratio of anvil；Anvil length is than the ratio between the length B and forging original height H of anvil head；Step is 2.：The determination of anvil width ratio；When full anvil is sent into, anvil length is than the ratio between the width W and the original height H of forging for anvil head；Non-full anvil is sent into constantly, and anvil length is than being the ratio between feed L relatively and the original height H of forging；Step is 3.：The determination of anvil face shape on anvil head；Forging permeability in forging end can be effectively improved during pulling, improves end and forges impermeable phenomenon, avoids forging from being removed because of end mass difference, so as to reduce energy waste, improves the utilization rate of material, reduce cost consumption, improve forging total quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to four anvil radial forging technology fields, are used to improve footpath forging forging in particular to one kind
The technique that permeability is forged in end.
Background technology
Four anvil radial forgings change the stress of forging 101, are symmetrically forged and pressed by four direction simultaneously around forging 101
Effect, metal do not have a lateral flow, and overall uniformity is good；Four anvil radial forgings fast, the drawing efficiency that is also equipped with rapidity of blow simultaneously
Height, the advantages that equipment tonnage demand, small power consumption, therefore it is widely used；But during four anvil radial forgings, deform main collection
In on the surface of forging 101, it is difficult to penetrate into the core of forging 101, forging core is difficult to be forged, and in the range of the certain length of end
Core equivalent strain is smaller, and molten steel lags again during cooled and solidified because the bulky core of forging 101 cools down,
Therefore most of defect is concentrated near central axis again；The internal flaw of heavy forging 101 is repaired using forging technology, is sought to
Sufficiently large deflection and sufficiently high Steady-State security can be produced on defective region；In order to ensure the core of forging 101
Portion's quality, the requirement of radial direction forging technology is also correspondingly improved, therefore technological innovation is carried out to it and is just particularly important.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability, solve above technology and ask
Topic.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical purpose, reach above-mentioned technical requirements, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：It is a kind of
For improving the technique of footpath forging forging end forging permeability, it is characterized in that：Mainly include the following steps that：
Step is 1.：The determination of the long ratio of anvil；Anvil length is than the ratio between the length B and the original height H of forging for anvil head；
Step is 2.：The determination of anvil width ratio；When full anvil is sent into, anvil length is than between the width W and the original height H of forging for anvil head
Ratio；Non-full anvil is sent into constantly, and anvil length is than being the ratio between feed L relatively and the original height H of forging；
Step is 3.：The determination of anvil face shape on anvil head.
As preferable technical scheme：Described step 1., long ratio >=0.4 of anvil.
As preferable technical scheme：2., anvil width ratio is between 0.4-0.8 for described step.
As preferable technical scheme：Described anvil face is V-arrangement face or arcwall face.
As preferable technical scheme：The beak iron that described V-arrangement face is formed is 150o.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：A kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability, with traditional handicraft phase
Than：By controlling the shape and size of anvil head, forging permeability in forging end can be effectively improved during pulling, improves end
Impermeable phenomenon is forged in portion, is avoided forging from being removed because of end mass difference, so as to reduce energy waste, is improved the utilization of material
Rate, cost consumption is reduced, improves forging total quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is anvil head of the present invention and forging structural representation；
Fig. 2 is prior art forging core equivalent strain curve map of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is first embodiment of the invention anvil head minimum dimension structural representation；
Fig. 4 is first embodiment of the invention anvil head full-size structural representation；
Fig. 5 is forging core equivalent strain curve map of the first embodiment of the invention anvil length than change formation；
Fig. 6 is first embodiment of the invention forging axial feed structural representation；
Fig. 7 is that first embodiment of the invention anvil width ratio changes the forging core equivalent strain curve map to be formed；
Fig. 8 is the core node equivalent diagram of strains that V-shape anvil face of the present invention is formed；
In figure：1. anvil face, 2. beak irons.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings；
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the common four anvils footpath forging die of prior art is intended；
The simulation data such as material selection 2Cr13, the thermophysical property and resistance of deformation of material are taken from MARC material depots；Forging
Original dimension is the mm of Φ 500 × 1000 round billet；Material is defined as elastic-plastic deformation body, using eight node hexahedral elements
Carry out grid division, number of unit 44400；Four anvil radial forgings, four anvils first 102 are symmetrical, and the long B of anvil is 100 mm,
The wide W of anvil is 300 mm, and anvil first 102 radially, perpendicular to the direction of forging 101 is moved, drafts 50mm, often forged once, forging
101 turn clockwise 15 °, and the mm of axial advancement 20, and direction of advance is shown in Fig. 1 arrows, until the afterbody of forging 101；Anvil head
102 are defined as rigid body, and Coulomb friction is used between anvil first 102 and forging 101, and the Coulomb friction factor is 0.4；The initial temperature of forging
Degree is set as 1150 DEG C, and homogeneous temperature field, environment temperature is arranged to 30 DEG C, considers convection current and radiation, forging 101 and ring
The exchange coefficient in border is 0.12 kw/ (m2DEG C), the coefficient of heat conduction is 30 kw/ (m between forging 101 and anvil first 1022℃)；By scheming
The core equivalent strain curve map of forging 101 after 2 forgings, it is found that equivalent strain is small in the range of the certain length of end, as little as
0.02, with more and more remote from the head of forging 101, core equivalent strain gradually increases, and reaches 0.18 or so and starts stabilization；When etc.
When effect change reaches more than 0.2, it is believed that corresponding site can be saturating by forging, and by the accumulative strain of multi-pass, the core of forging 101 substantially can
It is saturating by forging, but the regional quality that there are about after end regions, forging 200 mm cannot be guaranteed, to be cut off, can cause the energy,
The waste of material, use cost are high.
In Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, first embodiment：Simulated using software；One kind is used to change
The technique of kind footpath forging forging end forging permeability, is mainly included the following steps that：
Step is 1.：The determination of the long ratio of anvil；Take long ratio >=0.4 of anvil；
Anvil length is than the ratio between the length B and the original height H of forging 101 of anvil first 102；The original height H of forging 101 is to forge
The diameter of part 101, diameter value is the mm of Φ 500, due to long ratio >=0.4 of anvil, i.e. the length B of anvil first 102 to reach 200mm with
On；The anglec of rotation of forging 101 is arranged to 15 °, the drafts of anvil first 102 is arranged to 50 mm, and unilateral drafts is 25 mm；
In figure 3, because the anglec of rotation of forging 101 is arranged to 15 °, then forging 101 is subjected to 24 equal portions, per corresponding to equal portions arc length
Size B=2 × 250 × sin7.5 ° of the mm of ≈ 66, this size are the length B of minimum anvil first 102；In Fig. 4, size B is obtained too
Greatly, can cause to contact in advance between anvil first 102 and can not continue to forge, full-size B is that the original height H of forging 101 subtracts pressure
Lower amount, i.e. 500-50=450mm, therefore, the length B of anvil first 102 selection range is 65-450 mm；Anvil length obtains too than B/H
Small that the section deformation region of forging 101 can be caused to reduce, deformation does not reach the core of forging 101, in addition, the length B of anvil first 102 is too small
Subregion is also resulted in forge less than or even wedge angle being produced, the surface of forging 101 is produced folding during postorder pressure shoulder
It is folded, influence the mass of forging 101；According to the length B of above-mentioned anvil first 102 scope, in simulations by the length B sizes of anvil first 102
100 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm and 400 mm are respectively set to be analyzed, corresponding anvil length than for 0.2,0.4,
0.6th, 0.8, the width W of anvil first 102 is arranged to 300 mm, and other basic technological parameters are proposed with reference to common four anvils footpath forging die and put；
Analog result obtains Fig. 5, it can be seen that the head zone of forging 101, i.e. core node from head distance between 0-200 mm,
The length B of anvil first 102 is 200 mm, 300 mm and 400 mm anvil first 102, and corresponding anvil length is than being 00.4,0.6,0.8, core
Portion's equivalent strain is more or less the same, and the equivalent strain that the length B of anvil first 102 is 100 mm will substantially be less than other three curves,
Anvil length is than the minimum equivalent strain only 0.015 or so for 0.2, and the equivalent strain minimum of long ratio >=0.4 of anvil can reach 0.06
More than；Improve the head zone of forging 101 and forge impermeable phenomenon；
Step is 2.：The determination of anvil width ratio；Anvil width ratio is taken between 0.4-0.8；
When full anvil is sent into, anvil length is than the ratio between the width W and the original height H of forging 101 for anvil first 102；Non-full anvil is sent
When entering, anvil length is than being the ratio between feed L relatively and the original height H of forging 101；By taking the feeding of non-full anvil as an example, forge
The mm of diameter of phi 500 forging 101, anvil width ratio is chosen between 0.4-0.8, i.e., with respect to feed L be arranged on 200-400 mm it
Between；The width W of the length B of anvil first 102 and anvil first 102 is set as 300 mm in simulation, and 50 are respectively set to respect to feed L
Mm, 100 mm, 150 mm and 200 mm, i.e. anvil width ratio are respectively 0.1,0.2,0.3 and 0.4, other basic technological parameters references
Common four anvils footpath forging is set；Analog result obtains Fig. 7, it can be seen that and with respect to feed L be 50 mm, i.e., when anvil width ratio is 0.1,
From head distance between 0-200 mm, the strain of the core minimum equivalent of forging 101 exists for the head zone of forging 101, i.e. core node
0.03 or so, as relative feed L gradually increases, the strain of end regions minimum equivalent is also gradually stepping up, and is sent into when relative
Amount reaches 200 mm, i.e., when anvil width ratio is 0.4, the strain of end regions minimum equivalent has reached 0.08 or so, improves forging end
Impermeable phenomenon, therefore four anvil radial forgings are forged in portion region, and big anvil width ratio is advantageous to improve the impermeable phenomenon of forging end regions forging,
But also need to further consider the limitation of forging press tonnage while anvil width ratio is improved, therefore general anvil width ratio is chosen at 0.4-
Between 0.8；
Step is 3.：The determination of the shape of anvil face 1 on anvil first 102；Described anvil face 1 is V-arrangement face or arcwall face；Anvil head in simulation
102 length B and anvil first 102 width W is set as 300 mm, and V-arrangement face beak iron is 150 °, is 150 mm with respect to feed L, its
Its basic technological parameters is set with reference to the forging of common four anvils footpath；Prior art carries out four anvil radial forgings using plane staked, after forging
From the head distance of forging 101 between 0-200 mm, minimum equivalent strain is left 0.06 for forging head zone, i.e. core node
It is right；And Fig. 8 can be seen that and carry out four anvil radial forgings using V-arrangement face anvil face 1, the head zone minimum equivalent of forging 101 should after forging
Change has reached 0.10 or so, improves the head zone of forging 101 and forges impermeable phenomenon.
The specific implementation of the present invention：In Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, abscissa be core node from forging head distance/
Mm, ordinate are equivalent strains.
Above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate the description that the present invention is made, and is not the restriction to embodiment,
To those of ordinary skill in the art, other various forms of changes or change can also be made on the basis of the above description
Dynamic, there is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments, and the obvious change or change thus amplified out
Among moving still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability, it is characterized in that：Mainly include the following steps that：
Step is 1.：The determination of the long ratio of anvil；Anvil length ratio is anvil head（102）Length B and forging (101) original height H between
Ratio；
Step is 2.：The determination of anvil width ratio；When full anvil is sent into, anvil length ratio is anvil head（102）Width W and forging (101) it is original
Ratio between height H；Non-full anvil is sent into constantly, and anvil length is than being between feed L relatively and the original height H of forging (101)
Ratio；
Step is 3.：Anvil head（102）On anvil face（1）The determination of shape.
2. a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
Step 1., long ratio >=0.4 of anvil.
3. a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
2., anvil width ratio is between 0.4-0.8 for step.
4. a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described
Anvil face（1）For V-arrangement face or arcwall face.
5. a kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability according to claim 4, it is characterized in that：Described
The beak iron that V-arrangement face is formed（2）For 150o.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710715044.6A CN107497982A (en) | 2017-08-19 | 2017-08-19 | A kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability |
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| CN201710715044.6A CN107497982A (en) | 2017-08-19 | 2017-08-19 | A kind of technique for being used to improve footpath forging forging end forging permeability |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109622843A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | The forging method of hammer heart forging stock utilization can be improved |
| CN109711085A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-03 | 太原科技大学 | Saturating condition and minimum feeding method for determination of amount are forged in the rolling of large thick-wall annular cylinder shape part |
| CN112536405A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-23 | 河南科技大学 | Free forging method of large flat square forging |
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| JPS54159366A (en) * | 1978-06-07 | 1979-12-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Forging method with multistage anvil |
| JPS62101337A (en) * | 1985-10-29 | 1987-05-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Hot spreading and forging method for large diameter and long sized annular material to be worked |
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| JPS54159366A (en) * | 1978-06-07 | 1979-12-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Forging method with multistage anvil |
| JPS62101337A (en) * | 1985-10-29 | 1987-05-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Hot spreading and forging method for large diameter and long sized annular material to be worked |
| CN101862803A (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-10-20 | 上海桦厦实业有限公司 | Diamond opening anvil for shaft alloy steel ingot and forging method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109622843A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-04-16 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | The forging method of hammer heart forging stock utilization can be improved |
| CN109622843B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-07-24 | 武汉重工铸锻有限责任公司 | Forging method capable of improving material utilization rate of hammer core forging |
| CN109711085A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-03 | 太原科技大学 | Saturating condition and minimum feeding method for determination of amount are forged in the rolling of large thick-wall annular cylinder shape part |
| CN109711085B (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2022-04-22 | 太原科技大学 | Method for determining rolling and forging conditions and minimum feed amount of large thick-wall annular cylindrical part |
| CN112536405A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-23 | 河南科技大学 | Free forging method of large flat square forging |
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Application publication date: 20171222 |