CN107489548A

CN107489548A - System and method for adjusting air- distributor pressure

Info

Publication number: CN107489548A
Application number: CN201710425493.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: A·J·理查兹; J·E·罗林格
Original assignee: Ford Global Technologies LLC
Current assignee: Ford Global Technologies LLC
Priority date: 2016-06-09
Filing date: 2017-06-08
Publication date: 2017-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-08
Also published as: CN107489548B; DE102017112638A1

Abstract

The application is related to the system and method for adjusting air- distributor pressure.Present for operating the system and method with disabling with the engine of non-deactivation valve.In one example, the position of engine charge air throttle is adjusted during cylinder deactivation, to reactivate control air- distributor pressure for cylinder.Substantial amt based on the expected cylinder suction event for providing desired motor intake manifold pressure can be to closed throttle timing.

Description

System and method for adjusting air- distributor pressure

The cross reference of related application

This application claims the preferential of the U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial Article No.62/347,869 submitted on June 9th, 2016 Power.The full content of above-mentioned application is incorporated by herein for all purposes by quoting with it.

Technical field

The system and method that this specification is related to one or more cylinders for optionally disabling explosive motor.Institute System and method are stated to can apply to operate poppet to control the engine of the stream of disengaging engine cylinder.

Background technology

Can order engine inlet valve and exhaust valve remained turned-off in cycle of engine, to disable one or more hairs Engine cylinder.Furthermore it is possible to stop the The fuel stream for leading to the cylinder being deactivated.Selected by being disabled under low engine load Engine cylinder, engine fuel economy can be increased.In a kind of cylinder deactivation pattern, when driver's relief accelerator is stepped on During plate or when operator demand's moment of torsion is low, all engine cylinders can be all deactivated.When cylinder is deactivated, by via The kinetic energy of the vehicle of wheel rotary engine, engine can continue to rotate.However, when cylinder is deactivated, engine charge discrimination Pressure in pipe can rise, because the lower pressure that air is flowed into motor intake manifold from higher atmospheric pressure.If When air- distributor pressure is high, engine cylinder is re-enabled, then engine can be produced than desired more moments of torsion.Cause This, the cornering ability of vehicle can deteriorate, and the fuel economy of vehicle can reduce.

The content of the invention

The present inventors have realized that disadvantages mentioned above, and a kind of method of engine operation is had been developed that, it includes：Ring It should be asked in deceleration fuel cutoff, disable one or more cylinder poppets via controller and be in closure state；And ring Air throttle should be completely closed via controller, in the substantial amt of engine cylinder induction event to be cut in response to deceleration fuel It is disconnected to ask to provide desired motor intake manifold pressure.

Air throttle is closed to provide desired engine by the substantial amt in response to engine cylinder induction event Air- distributor pressure, it can be provided in the technology knot for improving engine torque control and fuel economy during cylinder reactivates Fruit.Specifically, the reality of the cylinder air inlet event after motor intake manifold pressure can ask in response to following cylinder deactivation closely Border is total and is reduced to desired pressure.Desired pressure can be when the cylinder being deactivated is re-enabled and with desired The air-fuel ratio of pressure and stoichiometry from motor intake manifold pressure guide air when engine produce the pressure of desired moment of torsion Power.Therefore, during cylinder deactivation, motor intake manifold pressure can reduce so that can be by sending out during cylinder reactivates Motivation produces desired engine torque.

This specification can provide some advantages.For example, this method can reduce driveline torque interference.In addition, the party Method can provide improved engine fuel consumption, because less spark can be needed to postpone to control during cylinder reactivates Engine torque processed.Reactivated in addition, this method can provide more consistent cylinder.

When referring solely to detailed description below or with reference to accompanying drawing reference detailed description below, this specification Above-mentioned advantage and other advantages and feature will be apparent.

It should be understood that, there is provided foregoing invention content is further retouched in a specific embodiment to introduce in simplified form The selected concept stated.This is not meant to the key or essential feature that determine theme claimed, master claimed The scope of topic is uniquely limited by appended claims.In addition, theme claimed is not limited to solve above-mentioned or sheet The embodiment for any shortcoming that disclosed any part refers to.

Brief description of the drawings

By individually or refer to the attached drawing read be referred to herein as embodiment embodiment example, will be more complete Understand advantages described herein to face, wherein：

Figure 1A is the schematic diagram of the single cylinder of engine；

Figure 1B is included in the schematic diagram of the engine of Figure 1A in power drive system；

Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F shows the example valve configuration of the four cylinder engine with the cylinder that can be deactivated；

Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B show the example modes of the cylinder for enabling and being deactivated of four cylinder engine；

Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C show the example valve configuration of the eight cylinder engine with the cylinder that can be deactivated；

Fig. 5 A show the exemplary camshaft of the valve deactivation system for hydraulic operation；

Fig. 5 B show that the example of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 5 A disables valve operator；

Fig. 5 C show the example valve operator of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 5 A；

Fig. 5 D show the example cylinder and valve deactivation order of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 5 A；

Fig. 6 A show the exemplary camshaft of the valve deactivation system for alternative hydraulic operation；

Fig. 6 B show the camshaft of valve deactivation system and the cross section of saddle for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 6 A；

Fig. 6 C show that the example valve of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 6 A disables valve operator；

Fig. 6 D are the example cylinder and valve deactivation order of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 6 A；

Fig. 7 is the flow chart for operating the exemplary method of the engine with cylinder deactivation and valve；

Fig. 8 A are the flow charts for selectively enabling and disabling the cylinder of engine and the exemplary method of cylinder valve, The engine, which has, disables both inlet valve and non-deactivation inlet valve, and only has non-deactivation exhaust valve；

Fig. 8 B are the block diagrams of the oil mass in the cylinder being deactivated for estimation；

Fig. 9 is that the engine, which has, to be disabled for enabling and disabling the cylinder of engine and the example sequence of cylinder valve Both inlet valve and non-deactivation inlet valve, and only there is non-deactivation exhaust valve；

Figure 10 is the flow chart for selectively enabling and disabling the cylinder of engine and the exemplary method of cylinder valve, The engine, which has, to be disabled inlet valve and non-deactivation inlet valve and non-deactivation exhaust valve and disables exhaust valve；

Figure 11 is the flow chart for determining the method that can use cylinder mode；

Figure 12 is for assessing whether that frequent degree can be switched on/off in response to cylinder to perform the method for cylinder deactivation Flow chart；

Figure 13 is the order for showing to enable and disable according to the cylinder of Figure 12 method；

Figure 14 is the stream for alternatively allowing to property the basic method of cylinder deactivation for assessing engine fuel consumption Cheng Tu；

Figure 15 is for assessing engine fuel consumption as the basic method for selectively allowing for cylinder deactivation Flow chart；

Figure 16 is the flow chart for determining the method for phase for assessing the engine cam of selection engine cylinder pattern；

Figure 17 is the order for showing mutually to select engine cylinder pattern surely in response to engine cam；

Figure 18 is in response to being selected based on the engine fuel consumption with various transmission gear bit manipulation engines The flow chart of the method for engine cylinder pattern；

Figure 19 is to show to select the substantial amt of transmission gear and active cylinders to improve the suitable of engine fuel consumption Sequence；

Figure 20 selects the stream of the method for different engine cylinder patterns when being for operating vehicle with various deceleration modes Cheng Tu；

Figure 21 is based on operating the suitable of the engine in different cylinder modes with different deceleration mode operation vehicles Sequence；

Figure 22 is for determining whether the bar for being used for that engine to be operated with various variable displacements (VDE) engine mode be present The flow chart of part；

Figure 23 is the flow chart for controlling the method for motor intake manifold pressure；

Figure 24 is the order for showing the motor intake manifold Stress control according to Figure 23 method；

Figure 25 is the flow chart for controlling the method for motor intake manifold pressure；

Figure 26 is the operation order for controlling motor intake manifold pressure；

Figure 27 A and Figure 27 B are shown for adjusting engine actuators to improve the flow chart of engine cylinder patterns of change；

Figure 28 A and Figure 28 B show the order for improving cylinder mode change；

Figure 29 is the flow chart for delivering fuel into engine during cylinder mode changes；

Figure 30 is the order for showing to deliver the fuel of engine during cylinder mode changes；

Figure 31 is the flow chart for controlling the method for the engine oil pressure during cylinder mode changes；

Figure 32 is the order for showing the oil pressure cntrol during cylinder mode changes；

Figure 33 is the flow chart for the method for improving combustion knock control during cylinder mode changes；

Figure 34 is the order for showing the combustion knock control during different engine cylinder patterns；

Figure 35 is the flow chart for adjusting the method for spark gain；

Figure 36 is the order for showing adjustable spark gain；

Figure 37 is the flow chart for determining the method for pinking a reference value according to cylinder mode；

Figure 38 is the order for the selection for showing pinking a reference value；

Figure 39 is the flow chart for selecting the method for engine cylinder pattern in the case where valve deterioration be present；

Figure 40 is the flow chart for selecting the order of engine cylinder pattern in the case where valve deterioration be present；

Figure 41 is the flow chart for being sampled in response to cylinder deactivation to lambda sensor；And

Figure 42 is the flow chart for being sampled in response to cylinder deactivation to camshaft-signal sensor.

Embodiment

This specification be related to for the cylinder and the system of cylinder valve that selectively enable and disable explosive motor and Method.Engine can be configured and operated as shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 6 D.Various sides for the engine including disabling valve Method and predictive operation order are shown in Fig. 7 into Figure 42.Different methods can cooperating and with shown in Figure 1A to Fig. 6 D System operates together.

Controlled with reference to figure 1A, including multiple cylinders explosive motor 10 by electronic engine control 12, multiple cylinders In a cylinder show in figure ia.Engine 10 is made up of cylinder head casting 35 and cylinder block 33, the He of cylinder head casting 35 Cylinder block 33 includes combustion chamber 30 and cylinder wall 32.Piston 36 is positioned in and back and forth transported via the connection with bent axle 40 It is dynamic.Flywheel 97 and ring gear 99 are connected to bent axle 40.Starter 96 (for example, low-voltage (with less than 30 volt operations) motor) Including pinion shaft 98 and little gear 95.Pinion shaft 98 optionally promotes little gear 95 to engage ring gear 99.Rise Dynamic device 96 is directly mounted to the front portion or the rear portion of engine of engine.In some instances, starter 96 can be via belt Or chain optionally supplies moment of torsion to bent axle 40.In one example, starter 96 when being not engaged to engine crankshaft at In basic status.

Shown combustion chamber 30 connects via corresponding inlet valve 52 and exhaust valve 54 with inlet manifold 44 and exhaust manifold 48. Each inlet valve and exhaust valve can be operated by admission cam shaft 51 and exhaust cam shaft 53.The position of admission cam shaft 51 can be by entering Gas cam sensor 55 determines.The position of exhaust cam shaft 53 can be determined by exhaust cam sensor 57.The angle position of inlet valve 52 Put and can be moved via phase adjusting apparatus 59 relative to bent axle 40.The Angle Position of exhaust valve 54 can be via the phase of phase adjusting apparatus 58 Moved for bent axle 40.Mechanical energy can be delivered to inlet valve by the valve operator being detailed below from admission cam shaft 51 52, and it is delivered to exhaust valve 54 from exhaust cam shaft 53.In addition, in other examples, the single operable inlet valve of camshaft 52 and exhaust valve 54.

Shown fuel injector 66 is oriented to inject fuel directly into cylinder 30, this be those skilled in the art The direct injection known.Shown optional fuel injector 67 is oriented to fuel through intake port injection to cylinder 30, and this is this Port fuel known to art personnel sprays.Fuel injector 66 and 67 and the pulse width from controller 12 into than Example ground delivering liquid fuel.Fuel (is not shown by the fuel system including fuel tank, petrolift and fuel rail (not shown) Go out) it is delivered to fuel injector 66 and 67.In one example, high-pressure double-stage fuel system can be used for generating higher fuel pressure Power.

In addition, inlet manifold 44 is shown as connecting with turbocharger compressor 162 and engine intake 42.At it In his example, compressor 162 can be mechanical supercharger compressor.Turbocharger turbine 164 is mechanically coupled to whirlpool by axle 161 Take turns turbocharger compressor 162.Optional electronic throttle or central throttle 62 adjust the position of choke block 64, to control from pressure Contracting machine 162 arrives the air-flow of inlet manifold 44.Because the entrance of air throttle 62 is in booster chamber 45, therefore the pressure in booster chamber 45 It is referred to alternatively as throttle inlet pressure.Throttle outlet is in inlet manifold 44.In some instances, charge movement control valve 63 Enter in air-flow on the direction of engine 10 and be positioned at the downstream of air throttle 62 and in the upstream of inlet valve 52, and by controller 12 Operation enters the air-flow of combustion chamber 30 to adjust.Compressor recycle valve 47 can be selectively adjusted completely open and it is complete Multiple positions between contract fully.Waste gate 163 can adjust via controller 12, to allow exhaust optionally to bypass turbine 164 control the speed of compressor 162.Air of the cleaning of air cleaner 43 into engine intake 42.

DIS 88 provides pilot spark via spark plug 92 in response to controller 12 to combustion chamber 30.Institute Show that Universal Exhaust Gas oxygen (UEGO) sensor 126 is connected to the exhaust manifold 48 of the upstream of catalytic converter 70.Alternately, bifurcation is arranged Gas lambda sensor can replace UEGO sensor 126.Shown pressure sensor 127 is positioned at exhaust discrimination as back pressure transducer In pipe 48.Alternately, pressure sensor 127 can be positioned in combustion chamber 30 as cylinder pressure sensor.Spark plug 92 It may act as the ion transducer for ignition system 88.

In one example, converter 70 can include multiple catalyst bricks.In another example, it can use respective It is respectively provided with multiple emission control systems of multiple bricks.In one example, converter 70 can be three-way type catalyst.In addition, Converter 70 may include particulate filter.

Controller 12 is illustrated as normal miniature computer in figure ia, and it includes：It is microprocessor unit (CPU) 102, defeated Enter/output port (I/O) 104, read-only storage (ROM) 106 (for example, non-transitory memory), random access memory (ROM) 108, keep-alive memory (KAM) 110 and conventional data bus.Shown controller 12, which receives to come from, is connected to engine 10 Sensor various signals, in addition to those signals previously discussed, in addition to：From being connected to cooling cover 114 The ECT (ECT) of temperature sensor 112；Fed back with that can provide to compensate and assess engine noise, shake Dynamic and the integrated vibration of discomfort and/or the engine mount (engine mount) of movable sensor 117；It is connected to acceleration Device pedal 130 is used for the position sensor 134 for sensing the power applied by pin 132；Be connected to brake pedal 150 be used for sense by pin The position sensor 154 of 152 power applied；Manifold pressure from the pressure sensor 122 for being connected to inlet manifold 44 The measurement of power (MAP)；Carry out the engine position sensor of the hall effect sensor 118 of the position of self-inductance measurement bent axle 40；Come from The measurement of the air quality into engine of sensor 120；And the measurement of the throttle position from sensor 68.Air Pressure can be also sensed and (sensor be not shown) for being handled by controller 12.In the preferred aspect of this specification, Engine position sensor 118 so can determine that engine turns in the pulse at equal intervals of each raw predetermined number of changing the line of production of bent axle Fast (RPM).Controller 12 also can may include but be not limited to start from the receive information of other sensors 24, the other sensors 24 Engine oil pressure pickup, ambient pressure sensor and engine oil temperature sensor.

During operation, each cylinder in engine 10 is usually subjected to four-stroke cycle：The circulation include induction stroke, Compression stroke, expansion stroke and exhaust stroke.The cylinder cycle of four-stroke engine is two engine revolutions, and engine Circulation is also two turns.During induction stroke, usual exhaust valve 54 is closed and inlet valve 52 is opened.Air is via inlet manifold 44 are introduced into combustion chamber 30, and piston 36 is moved to cylinder foot to increase the volume in combustion chamber 30.The skill of this area Art personnel are generally by piston 36 (for example, when combustion chamber 30 is in its maximum close to cylinder foot and at the end of its stroke During volume) position be referred to as lower dead center (BDC).

During compression stroke, inlet valve 52 and exhaust valve 54 are closed.Piston 36 towards cylinder head casting 35 move so as to Air in compression and combustion room 30.Those skilled in the art generally terminates piston 36 and near cylinder cover in its stroke The point of casting 35 (for example, when combustion chamber 30 is in its minimum volume) is referred to as top dead centre (TDC).Hereinafter referred to as spray During, fuel is introduced into combustion chamber.During hereinafter referred to as lighting a fire, the fuel sprayed is by known firing tools Such as spark plug 92 is lighted, so as to cause to burn.

During expansion stroke, piston 36 is back into BDC by expanding gas.Piston movement is converted into rotary shaft by bent axle 40 Rotation torque.Finally, during exhaust stroke, exhaust valve 54 is opened so that burned air-fuel mixture to be discharged into Exhaust manifold 48 and piston returns to TDC.Pay attention to, the above is only shown as example, and inlet valve and exhaust valve are beaten Timing and/or closure timings alterable are opened, such as to provide overlapping positive valve or negative valve overlap, inlet valve late release or each Other examples of kind.

Operator demand's moment of torsion can determine via the position and car speed of accelerator pedal 130.For example, accelerator Pedal position and car speed can index the table of output operator demand's moment of torsion.Operator demand's moment of torsion can represent desired Engine torque or edge include the moment of torsion of the opening position of the power train of engine.Engine torque can be by for gearratio (gear ratio), driveaxle ratio and other power train parts adjustment operator demand's moment of torsion come according to driver's need Moment of torsion is asked to determine.

With reference now to Figure 1B, Figure 1B is the block diagram for the vehicle 125 for including power train 100.Figure 1B power train includes Figure 1A Shown engine 10.Power train 100 can provide power by engine 10.Engine torque can be via engine torque actuator 191 adjustment, engine torque actuator 191 can be fuel injector, camshaft, air throttle or other devices.It is shown to start Machine crankshaft 40 is connected to fluid torque-converter 156.Specifically, engine crankshaft 40 is mechanically coupled to face of fluid torque converter 285. Torque sensor 41 provides torque feedback, and it can be used for assessing engine noise, vibration and discomfort.Hydraulic moment changeable Device 156 also includes turbine 186, to output torque to transmission input shaft 170.Transmission input shaft 170 is by fluid torque-converter 156 are mechanically coupled to automatic transmission 158.Fluid torque-converter 156 also includes fluid torque-converter bypass lock-up clutch 121 (TCC).When TCC is locked, moment of torsion can be directly delivered to turbine 186 from pump impeller 185.TCC is by the electric operation of controller 12. Alternately, TCC can be hydraulically locked.In one example, fluid torque-converter can be referred to as the part of speed changer.

When being totally released lockup clutch of converter 121, fluid torque-converter 156 is via transformer turbine Engine torque is transferred to automatic transmission 158 by the fluid transmission between 186 and face of fluid torque converter 185, so as to allow Multiple torque.By contrast, when lockup clutch of converter 121 is fully engaged, engine output torque is via fluid power Converter clutch is directly delivered to the input shaft 170 of speed changer 158.Alternately, lockup clutch of converter 121 can Part engages, so as to allow adjustment to be transferred directly to the torque capacity of speed changer.Controller 12 can be configured as by response to each Kind of engine operating condition or based on the power operation request adjustment lockup clutch of converter 121 based on driver come The torque capacity that adjustment is transmitted by fluid torque-converter.

Automatic transmission 158 includes gear (for example, reversing gear and gear 1-6) 136 and the forward clutch for gear 135.Gear 136 (for example, 1-10) and clutch 135 can be selectively engaged to promote vehicle.From automatic transmission 158 Torque output then can transfer to wheel 116 via output shaft 160 to promote vehicle.Specifically, by output driving moment of torsion It is transferred to before wheel 116, in response to vehicle travel conditions, automatic transmission 158 can transmit input at input shaft 170 and drive Dynamic torque.

In addition, by engaging wheel drag 119, frictional force can be applied to wheel 116.In one example, respond In on the brake pedal that driver steps down in its pin as shown in Figure 1A, wheel drag 119 is engageable.In other examples, control Device 12 processed or be linked to controller 12 controller can apply engagement wheel drag.Similarly, in response to driver by its Pin discharges from brake pedal, can be decreased to the frictional force of wheel 116 by unclamping wheel drag 119.In addition, as automatic A part for engine stopping process, vehicle brake can apply frictional force via controller 12 to wheel 116.

The input for the engine 10 that controller 12 can be configured as receiving illustrating in greater detail in figure ia freely, and And the torque output of engine is correspondingly controlled, and/or fluid torque-converter, the operation of speed changer, clutch and/or brake. As an example, by controlling throttle opening and/or valve timing, valve stroke and turbocharged engine or machinery to increase Boosting to adjust spark timing, fuel pulse width, fuel impulse timing and/or the combination of air inflation for hydraulic motor, can Control engine torque output.In the case of diesel engines, controller 12 can be by controlling fuel pulse width, fuel Pulse timing and air inflation combination and control engine torque to export.In all cases it is possible in the base of cylinder one by one Engine control is performed on plinth, to control engine torque to export.As it is known in the art, by adjust come and go flow in DISG field and the electric current of armature winding, controller 12 are also controlled to torque output and the electric energy generation from DISG.

When meeting idling-stopping condition, controller 12 can start to send out by being cut to fuel and the spark of engine Motivation is closed.However, in some instances, engine can continue to rotate.In addition, in order to maintain the torsion in speed changer Amount, controller 12 can make the rotate element of speed changer 158 be grounded (ground) to the case 159 of speed changer, and thus be grounded To the framework of vehicle.When meeting engine restarting condition and/or when vehicle operators want to start vehicle, controller 12 can be with By starting rotation engine 10 and recovering combusted cylinder to reactivate engine 10.

The inlet manifold 44 of engine 10 is via valve 176 and the pneumatic communication of V-RSR Vacuum Reservoir 177.V-RSR Vacuum Reservoir can be to system Dynamic booster 178, heating/ventilation/cooling system 179, wastegate actuator 180 and other vacuum operation systems provide vacuum. In one example, valve 176 can be opened and closed to selectively allow for or prevent inlet manifold 44 and vacuum from disappearing The magnetic valve of the connection consumed between device 178-180.In addition, vacuum source 183 such as pump or injector can be optionally to starting Machine inlet manifold 44 provides vacuum so that is leaked if existed by air throttle 62, engine 10 can be in engine charge Manifold pressure restarts in the case of being less than atmospheric pressure.Such as when the vacuum level in V-RSR Vacuum Reservoir 177 is less than threshold value When, vacuum source 183 optionally can also supply vacuum via triple valve 171 to vacuum customer 178-180.Inlet manifold 44 Volume can be adjusted via variable boost volumetric valve 175.

With reference now to Fig. 2A, the exemplary engine configuration of engine 10 is shown.In the configuration, engine 10 is that have The inline four-cylinder engine of first valve configuration.(it also may be used for the part of the engine chamber formed in cylinder head casting 35 It is referred to as a part for cylinder) it is numbered according to the cylinder 1-4 indicated by each engine cylinder 200 from 1 to 4. In this example, each combustion chamber is shown to have two inlet valves and two exhaust valves.Inlet valve 208 is disabled to be illustrated as being lifted Valve, wherein X pass through lifting valve shaft.Disable exhaust valve 204 and be illustrated as poppet, wherein X passes through lifting valve shaft.Non- deactivation inlet valve 206 are illustrated as poppet.Non- deactivation exhaust valve 202 is also shown as poppet.

Shown camshaft 270 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 270 is also via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Shown camshaft 270 is via stopping With exhaust valve operator 252 with disabling the mechanical communication of exhaust valve 204.Camshaft 270 also via disable air inlet door operators 253 with Disable the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with valve operator, numerous in figure to reduce Miscellaneous degree, but each valve (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation valve operator, and stops with valve operator With valve with deactivation valve operator).

In the configuration, cylinder 2 and 3, which is shown to have, disables inlet valve 208 and deactivation exhaust valve 204.The quilt of cylinder 1 and 4 It is shown as that there is non-deactivation inlet valve 206 and non-deactivation exhaust valve 202.However, in some instances, the non-deactivation He of inlet valve 206 Non- deactivation exhaust valve 202, which can be used, disables exhaust valve and deactivation inlet valve replace so that all engine cylinders can be by Optionally disable.

Fig. 2A configuration provides make the cylinder 2 and 3 together or separately disabled.Further, since the inlet valve of cylinder 2 and 3 and What exhaust valve both disabled, so by closing both inlet valve and exhaust valve in whole cycle of engine and stopping logical These cylinders are disabled to the The fuel stream of cylinder 2 and 3.For example, if the ignition order of engine were 1-3-4-2, engine It can be lighted a fire by 1-2-1-2 or 1-3-2-1-4-2 or 1-3-2-1-3-2-1-4-2 or other combinations order, wherein vapour The combustion air of cylinder 1 and 2 and fuel.However, if cylinder 1-4 each includes disabling inlet valve and disables exhaust valve, the He of cylinder 1 2 can misfire (for example, combustion air and fuel) during some cycle of engine.For example, engine ignition order can be 3-4-3-4 or 1-3-2-1-3-2 or 3-4-2-3-4-2 or other combinations, wherein cylinder 1 and 2 is non-ignitable during cycle of engine Burn air and fuel.It should be noted that according to exhaust valve be deactivated it is in the close position in before fuel whether be injected into vapour In cylinder and whether fuel is burned, and the cylinder being deactivated can capture exhaust or fresh air.

Fig. 2A also illustrates the first detonation sensor 203 and the second detonation sensor 205.First detonation sensor 203 is determined Position is into closer to cylinder 1 and 2.Second detonation sensor 205 is located closer to cylinder 3 and 4.First detonation sensor is one It can be used for pinking of the detection from cylinder 1 and 2 during a little conditions, and can be used for detection to come from cylinder 1- during other conditions 4 pinking.Equally, the second detonation sensor 205 can be used for pinking of the detection from cylinder 3 and 4 during some conditions, and It can be used for pinking of the detection from cylinder 1-4 during other conditions.Alternately, detonation sensor can be mechanically coupled to and start Machine cylinder body.

With reference now to Fig. 2 B, the alternative example engine configuration of engine 10 is shown.In the configuration, engine 10 It is inline four-cylinder engine, wherein a part for cylinder, which only has, disables inlet valve.What is formed in cylinder head casting 35 starts The part of machine combustion chamber is numbered from 1 to 4 again, as indicated by engine cylinder 200.Each cylinder is shown to have Two inlet valves and two exhaust valves.Cylinder 1-4 includes non-deactivation exhaust valve 202 but does not include disabling exhaust valve.Cylinder 1 and 4 Also include non-deactivation inlet valve 206 but do not include disabling inlet valve.Cylinder 2 and 3 includes disabling inlet valve 208 but does not include non-stop Use inlet valve.

Shown camshaft 270 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 270 is also via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Camshaft 270 is also via deactivation Air inlet door operators 253 is with disabling the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with air door operation Device, to reduce numerous and diverse degree in figure, but each valve carries valve operator (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation Valve operator, and valve is disabled with deactivation valve operator).

Fig. 2 B configuration provides make the cylinder 2 and 3 together or separately disabled by making that inlet valve 208 disables.Work as hair When motivation rotates, the exhaust valve of cylinder 2 and 3 continues to open and close during cycle of engine.Further, since only cylinder 2 With 3 inlet valves of deactivated, so by be simply turned off in whole cycle of engine inlet valve and stop lead to cylinder 2 and 3 The fuel stream disables these cylinders.Again, if the ignition order of engine is 1-3-4-2, engine can be by 1-2-1-2 Or 1-3-2-1-4-2 or 1-3-2-1-3-2-1-4-2 or orders of other combinations are lighted a fire, the wherein combustion air of cylinder 1 and 2 And fuel.It should be noted that in the configuration, the cylinder being deactivated will be vented suction itself and be rushed in the exhaust for the cylinder being deactivated Exhaust is discharged during journey.Specifically, when the exhaust valve for the cylinder being deactivated is opened near exhaust stroke section start, it is vented quilt Suck in the cylinder being deactivated, and before exhaust valve closing during the piston approaches top dead center exhaust stroke of cylinder, be vented quilt From the cylinder discharge being deactivated.

In other examples, cylinder 1 and 4 may include to disable inlet valve, and cylinder 2 and 3 includes non-deactivation inlet valve.It is no Then, valve arrangement can be with identical.

With reference now to Fig. 2 C, another alternative example engine configuration of engine 10 is shown.In the configuration, send out Motivation 10 is inline four-cylinder engine, and all engine cylinders all include disabling inlet valve 208, and neither one cylinder bag Include deactivation exhaust valve.The part of the engine chamber formed in cylinder head casting 35 is numbered from 1 to 4 again, such as pin To indicated by engine cylinder 200.Each cylinder is shown to have two inlet valves and two exhaust valves.Cylinder 1-4 includes stopping With inlet valve 208 but do not include non-deactivation inlet valve.Cylinder 1-4 also includes non-deactivation exhaust valve 202 but does not include disabling exhaust Door.Engine 10 is also illustrated as having the first detonation sensor 220 and the second detonation sensor 221.

Shown camshaft 270 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 270 is also via deactivation air inlet door operators 253 with disabling the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve not by Show with valve operator, to reduce numerous and diverse degree in figure, but each valve carries valve operator (for example, non-stop Non- deactivation valve operator is carried with valve, and disables valve with deactivation valve operator).

Fig. 2 C configuration provides by only making cylinder 1-4 inlet valves of deactivated make cylinder 1- during cycle of engine 4 are disabled with any combinations.When engine rotates, cylinder 1-4 exhaust valve continues to open and close during cycle of engine. In addition, by being simply turned off inlet valve in whole cycle of engine and stopping the The fuel stream or above two for leading to cylinder 1-4 The combination of situation can cylinder deactivation 1-4.If the ignition order of engine is 1-3-4-2, engine can by 1-2-1-2 or The order of other of 1-3-2-1-4-2 or 1-3-2-1-3-2-1-4-2 or cylinder 1-4 combination is lighted a fire, because each cylinder Can individually it be disabled, without disabling other engine cylinders.It should be noted that in the configuration, the cylinder being deactivated will be arranged Aspiration enters itself and exhaust is discharged during the exhaust stroke for the cylinder being deactivated.Specifically, when the exhaust for the cylinder being deactivated When door is opened near exhaust stroke section start, exhaust is inhaled into the cylinder being deactivated, and the vapour before exhaust valve closing During the piston approaches top dead center exhaust stroke of cylinder, it is vented and is discharged from the cylinder being deactivated.

Referring now to Figure 2 D, show another alternative engine configuration of engine 10.Fig. 2 D system and Fig. 2A System it is identical, unlike Fig. 2 D system include admission cam shaft 271 and exhaust cam shaft 272.In cylinder head casting 35 Part (it is also referred to as a part for the cylinder) basis of the engine chamber of middle formation is directed to each engine cylinder 200 Indicated cylinder 1-4 is numbered from 1 to 4.

Shown camshaft 271 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 272 is via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Shown camshaft 271 is via deactivation Exhaust valve operator 252 is with disabling the mechanical communication of exhaust valve 204.Camshaft 272 is via deactivation air inlet door operators 253 with disabling The mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with valve operator, numerous and diverse in figure to reduce Degree, but each valve (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation valve operator, and disables with valve operator Valve is with deactivation valve operator).

With reference now to Fig. 2 E, another alternative engine configuration of engine 10 is shown.Fig. 2 E system and Fig. 2 B System it is identical, unlike Fig. 2 E system include admission cam shaft 271 and exhaust cam shaft 272.In cylinder head casting 35 Part (it is also referred to as a part for the cylinder) basis of the engine chamber of middle formation is directed to each engine cylinder 200 Indicated cylinder 1-4 is numbered from 1 to 4.

Shown camshaft 271 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 272 is via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Camshaft 272 also via disable into Valve operator 253 is with disabling the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with air door operation Device, to reduce numerous and diverse degree in figure, but each valve carries valve operator (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation Valve operator, and valve is disabled with deactivation valve operator).

With reference now to Fig. 2 F, another alternative engine configuration of engine 10 is shown.Fig. 2 F system and Fig. 2 C System it is identical, unlike Fig. 2 F system include admission cam shaft 271 and exhaust cam shaft 272.In cylinder head casting 35 Part (it is also referred to as a part for the cylinder) basis of the engine chamber of middle formation is directed to each engine cylinder 200 Indicated cylinder 1-4 is numbered from 1 to 4.

Shown camshaft 271 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 272 is via deactivation air inlet door operators 253 with disabling the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are not shown Go out with valve operator, to reduce numerous and diverse degree in figure, but each valve carries valve operator (for example, non-deactivation Valve carries non-deactivation valve operator, and disables valve with deactivation valve operator).

Deactivation valve operator shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F can be level type (for example, with reference to Fig. 6 B), socket type (example Such as, it is submitting referring on December 12nd, 2013 and be incorporated by reference in its entirety the entitled of this paper accordingly for all purposes " Position Detection For Lobe Switching Camshaft System (are used for salient angle exchange cam axle system Position detection) " U.S. Patent Publication No.2014/0303873, U.S. Patent application No.14/105,000), cam lobe Type or slack adjuster type.In addition, each in cylinder cover shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F can be mechanically coupled to Figure 1A institutes The identical cylinder block 33 shown.Cylinder cover shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F can be formed by identical casting, and be used for each cylinder cover The deactivation of configuration and non-deactivation valve operator can change as shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F.

With reference now to Fig. 3 A, example cylinder shutdown mode is shown.In figure 3 a, the cylinder 4 of engine 10 is illustrated as having There is the X passed therethrough, to indicate that cylinder 4 can be deactivated during cycle of engine, and cylinder 1,2 and 3 holding activities.Activity Cylinder be shown without X, to indicate the cylinder to be movable.Via the system shown in Fig. 2 C, in the cycle of engine phase Between can disable a cylinder.As an alternative, when engine 10 configures as shown in Figure 2 C, cylinder 1 can be to start The cylinder that machine is uniquely deactivated during circulating.When engine 10 configures as shown in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C, cylinder 2 can Think the cylinder being uniquely deactivated during cycle of engine.Equally, when engine 10 is matched somebody with somebody as shown in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C When putting, cylinder 3 can be the cylinder being uniquely deactivated during cycle of engine.Cylinder 200 is illustrated as point-blank.

With reference now to Fig. 3 B, another example cylinder shutdown mode is shown.In figure 3b, the cylinder 2 and 3 of engine 10 The X passed therethrough is shown to have, to indicate that cylinder 2 and 3 can be deactivated during cycle of engine, and cylinder 1 and 4 is kept Activity.The cylinder of activity is shown without X, to indicate the cylinder to be movable.Via shown in Fig. 2A, Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C System, can cylinder deactivation 2 and 3 during cycle of engine.As an alternative, when engine 10 configures as shown in Figure 2 C When, cylinder 1 and 4 can be the cylinder being uniquely deactivated during cycle of engine.The cylinder being deactivated shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is Such cylinder, wherein valve-closing, to prevent when engine rotates from motor intake manifold to enmgine exhaust Stream, and wherein stop leading to the fuel injection of the cylinder being deactivated.Being supplied to the spark for the cylinder being deactivated can also stop. Cylinder 200 is illustrated as point-blank.

In this way it is possible to disable each cylinder or cylinder group.In addition, the cylinder being deactivated can open again every now and then With to reduce the possibility that engine oil penetrates into engine cylinder.For example, cylinder can be by 1-4-1-4-1-4-2-1-4-3-1-4- 1-4 is lighted a fire, to reduce the possibility that oil penetrates into cylinder 2 and 3 after cylinder 2 and 3 has been deactivated.

With reference now to Fig. 4 A, another example arrangement of engine 10 is shown.The hair formed in cylinder cover 35 and 35a The part (it is also referred to as a part for cylinder) of motivation combustion chamber is according to the cylinder indicated by each engine cylinder Number 1-8 is numbered from 1 to 8.Engine 10 includes the first inblock cylinder 401 and the second inblock cylinder 402, and the first inblock cylinder 401 wraps The cylinder 1-4 in cylinder head casting 35 is included, the second inblock cylinder 402 is included in the cylinder 5-8 in cylinder head casting 35a.At this In configuration, engine 10 is to include disabling inlet valve 208 and the non-V-type eight cylinder engine for disabling inlet valve 206.Engine 10 is also Including disabling exhaust valve 204 and non-deactivation exhaust valve 202.Valve control is via engine cylinder 200 from motor intake manifold To the air-flow of enmgine exhaust.In some instances, disabling exhaust valve 204 can be replaced with non-deactivation exhaust valve 202, with System cost is reduced, while the ability for keeping disabling engine cylinder is (for example, stop the fuel for leading to the cylinder being deactivated Stream, and air-flow of the stopping via cylinder from motor intake manifold to enmgine exhaust when engine rotates).Cause This, in some instances, engine 10 can only be included with disabling inlet valve 208 and the non-non- deactivation for disabling inlet valve 206 and being combined Exhaust valve 202.

In this example, cylinder 5,2,3 and 8 is shown to have the cylinder of always movable valve so that when engine revolves When turning, air flow to enmgine exhaust via cylinder 5,2,3 and 8 from motor intake manifold.Cylinder 1,6,7 and 4 quilts Be shown as with can be selectively deactivated it is in the close position in valve cylinder so that when the valve in respective cylinder is being sent out During motivation circulation when being deactivated under closure state, air is not via cylinder 1,6,7 and 4 respectively from engine charge discrimination Pipe flow to enmgine exhaust.In other examples such as Fig. 4 B, the cylinder with always movable valve is the He of cylinder 5 2.The substantial amt of cylinder with always movable valve can be based on vehicle mass and engine displacement or other Considerations.

Valve 202,204,206 and 208 opens and closes via single camshaft 420.Via such as on 2 1st, 2002 Entitled " Hydraulic Cylinder that are submitting and being incorporated by reference in its entirety this paper accordingly for all purposes Deactivation with Rotary Sleeves (hydraulic cylinder with turnbarrel disables) " U.S. Patent Publication Push rod and conventional slack adjuster or deactivation adjuster or hydraulic cylinder shown in No.2003/0145722, valve 202, 204th, 206 and 208 can be with the independent mechanical communication of camshaft 420.Alternately, valve 202,204,206 and 208 can be via routine Roller cam follower and/or via as shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B and Fig. 5 C valve operator operate.In other examples, Valve can be disabled via such as the cam lobe with sleeve as shown in U.S. Patent Publication No.2014/0303873.

Shown camshaft 420 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Cam Axle 420 is also via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Camshaft 420 is also via deactivation Air inlet door operators 253 is with disabling the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Camshaft 420 is also via deactivation exhaust valve operator 252 with stopping With the mechanical communication of exhaust valve 204.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with valve operator, numerous and diverse in figure to reduce Degree, but each valve (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation valve operator, and disables with valve operator Valve is with deactivation valve operator).

With reference now to Fig. 4 B, another example arrangement of engine 10 is shown.The hair formed in cylinder cover 35 and 35a The part (it is also referred to as a part for cylinder) of motivation combustion chamber is according to the cylinder indicated by each engine cylinder Number 1-8 is numbered from 1 to 8.Engine 10 includes the first inblock cylinder 401 and the second inblock cylinder 402, and the first inblock cylinder 401 wraps The cylinder 1-4 in cylinder head casting 35 is included, the second inblock cylinder 402 is included in the cylinder 5-8 in cylinder head casting 35a.At this In configuration, engine 10 is also to include disabling inlet valve 208 and the non-V-type eight cylinder engine for disabling inlet valve 206.Engine 10 Also include disabling exhaust valve 204 and non-deactivation exhaust valve 202.Valve control is via engine cylinder 200 from engine charge discrimination Manage the air-flow of enmgine exhaust.Valve 202,204,206 and 208 is grasped via admission cam shaft 51 and exhaust cam shaft 53 Make.Each inblock cylinder includes admission cam shaft 51 and exhaust cam shaft 53.

In some instances, disabling exhaust valve can be replaced with non-deactivation exhaust valve 202, to reduce system cost, simultaneously The ability for keeping disabling engine cylinder (for example, stopping the The fuel stream for leading to the cylinder being deactivated, and rotates in engine When stop air-flow via cylinder from motor intake manifold to enmgine exhaust).Therefore, in some instances, start Machine 10 can only be included with disabling inlet valve 208 and the non-non- deactivation exhaust valve 202 for disabling inlet valve 206 and being combined.

In this example, cylinder 5 and 2 is shown to have the cylinder of always movable valve so that when engine rotates, Air flow to enmgine exhaust via cylinder 5 and 2 from motor intake manifold.Cylinder 1,3,4,6,7 and 8 is illustrated as having Have can be selectively deactivated it is in the close position in inlet valve and exhaust valve cylinder so that when the valve in respective cylinder When being deactivated under closure state, air is flow to from motor intake manifold respectively not via cylinder 1,3,4,6,7 and 8 Enmgine exhaust.In this example, the inlet valve and exhaust valve for the cylinder being deactivated by deactivation are come cylinder deactivation.Example Such as, cylinder 3 can be deactivated so that air flows through cylinder 3 not via valve 208 and 204 is disabled.

Valve 202,204,206 and 208 opens and closes via four camshafts.Valve 202,204,206 and 208 can be with Via the valve operator shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B and Fig. 5 C or the hydraulic cylinder or tappet and cam shaft mechanical that can disable valve Connection.The ignition order of engine shown in Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B is 1-5-4-2-6-3-7-8.

Engine 10 is also illustrated as having the first detonation sensor 420, the second detonation sensor 421, the 3rd pinking sensing The detonation sensor 423 of device 422 and the 4th.Therefore, the first inblock cylinder 401 includes the first detonation sensor 420 and the second pinking passes Sensor 421.First detonation sensor 420 can detect the pinking in No.1 cylinder and No. two cylinders.Second detonation sensor 421 The pinking in No. three cylinders and No. four cylinders can be detected.It is quick-fried that second inblock cylinder 402 includes the 3rd detonation sensor 422 and the 4th Shake sensor 423.3rd detonation sensor 422 can detect the pinking in cylinder 5 and 6.4th detonation sensor 423 can be examined The pinking surveyed in cylinder 7 and 8.

Shown exhaust cam shaft 53 is via non-deactivation exhaust valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Enter Gas camshaft 51 is via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Exhaust cam shaft 53 also passes through By deactivation exhaust valve operator 252 with disabling the mechanical communication of exhaust valve 204.Admission cam shaft 51 is also via deactivation air inlet door operation Device 253 is with disabling the mechanical communication of inlet valve 208.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with valve operator, to reduce Numerous and diverse degree in figure, but each valve carries valve operator (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation air door operation Device, and valve is disabled with deactivation valve operator).

It is low that cylinder cover configuration shown in Fig. 4 B can be incorporated to vehicle of the mass ratio including the cylinder cover configuration shown in Fig. 4 A In vehicle.Because the vehicle of lower quality can be used only two cylinders to be cruised with stable highway speed, therefore Fig. 4 B match somebody with somebody Putting can be incorporated in low-quality vehicle.Conversely, because the vehicle with better quality can be using four cylinders come to stablize Highway speed cruise, therefore Fig. 4 A configuration can be incorporated in the vehicle of better quality.Equally, the tool shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F The cylinder cover for having the cylinder not disabled of relatively low substantial amt can be incorporated in the vehicle of lower quality.Shown in Fig. 2A to Fig. 2 F The cylinder cover of the cylinder not disabled with higher substantial amt can be incorporated in the vehicle of better quality.In addition, Fig. 2A extremely schemes Cylinder number in cylinder head casting shown in 4C as the cylinder not disabled can the driveaxle ratio based on vehicle.For example, If vehicle has relatively low driveaxle ratio (for example, 2.69:1 pair 3.73:1) it, then may be selected that there is relatively low substantial amt The cylinder not disabled cylinder cover configuration so that highway cruise efficiency can be improved.Therefore, there is different quality and drive axle The different vehicle of speed reducing ratio may include same engine cylinder body and cylinder head casting, but be off and non-deactivation valve operator Substantial amt can be different between different vehicle.

With reference now to Fig. 4 C, another example arrangement of engine 10 is shown.The hair formed in cylinder cover 35 and 35a The part (it is also referred to as a part for cylinder) of motivation combustion chamber is according to the cylinder indicated by each engine cylinder Number 1-8 is numbered from 1 to 8.Engine 10 includes the first inblock cylinder 401 and the second inblock cylinder 402, and the first inblock cylinder 401 wraps The cylinder 1-4 in cylinder head casting 35 is included, the second inblock cylinder 402 is included in the cylinder 5-8 in cylinder head casting 35a.At this In configuration, engine 10 is also to include disabling inlet valve 208 and the non-V-type eight cylinder engine for disabling inlet valve 206.Engine 10 Also include non-deactivation exhaust valve 202.Valve control is via engine cylinder 200 from motor intake manifold to engine exhaust discrimination The air-flow of pipe.Valve 202,206 and 208 operates via admission cam shaft 51 and exhaust cam shaft 53.Each inblock cylinder includes Admission cam shaft 51 and exhaust cam shaft 53.

In this example, all engine exhaust ports 202 are all non-deactivations.Shown exhaust cam shaft 53 is via the non-row of deactivation Valve operator 250 and the non-deactivation mechanical communication of exhaust valve 202.Admission cam shaft 51 is via non-deactivation air inlet door operators 251 With the non-deactivation mechanical communication of inlet valve 206.Admission cam shaft 51 is also via deactivation air inlet door operators 253 with disabling inlet valve 208 mechanical communications.Some inlet valves and exhaust valve are had been not shown with valve operator, to reduce numerous and diverse degree in figure, still Each valve (for example, non-deactivation valve carries non-deactivation valve operator, and disables valve and carried with valve operator Disable valve operator).

Deactivation valve operator shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C can be level type (for example, with reference to Fig. 6 B), socket type (example Such as, it is submitting referring on December 12nd, 2013 and be incorporated by reference in its entirety the entitled of this paper accordingly for all purposes " Position Detection For Lobe Switching Camshaft System (are used for salient angle exchange cam axle system Position detection) " U.S. Patent Publication No.2014/0303873, U.S. Patent application No.14/105,000), cam lobe Type or slack adjuster type.In addition, each in cylinder cover shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C can be mechanically coupled to Figure 1A institutes The identical cylinder block 33 shown.Cylinder cover 35 shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C can be formed by identical casting, and be used for each cylinder The deactivation and non-deactivation valve operator for covering configuration can change as shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C.Equally, shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C Cylinder cover 35a can be formed by identical casting, and for each cylinder cover configuration deactivation and non-deactivation valve operator It can change as shown in Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 C.

With reference now to Fig. 5 A, example valve operating system is shown.The embodiment described can represent to be used for array four The mechanism of Cylinder engine or for one in the Liang Ge mechanisms of bent-eight.It is similar for different number of engine cylinder Mechanism be possible.Valve operating system 500 includes admission cam shaft 51 and exhaust cam shaft 53.Chain, gear or belt 599 are mechanically coupled to camshaft 51 and camshaft 53 so that they are rotated together with same speed.Specifically, chain 599 Sprocket wheel 520 is mechanically coupled to sprocket wheel 503.

Exhaust cam shaft 53 is included in the cylindrical journal of corresponding valve body 501a, 501b, 501c and 501d internal rotation 504a, 504b, 504c and 504d.Shown valve body 501a, 501b, 501c and 501d are incorporated in exhaust cam shaft saddle 502, exhaust Camshaft saddle 502 can be a part for cylinder head casting 35.Discontinuous metering groove 571a, 571b, 571c and 571d It is incorporated into axle journal 504a, 504b, 504c and 504d.Discontinuous metering groove 571a, 571b, 571c and 571d can be with figures Bent axle 40 shown in 1A is aligned, with allow it is oily it is consistent with desired engine crank angle scope flow through axle journal 504a, 504b, 504c and 504d so that the exhaust valve operator shown in Fig. 5 B is disabled with desired crankshaft angles, spontaneous so as to stop coming The air-flow of engine cylinder.When corresponding shoulder covers corresponding valve outlet 506,508,510 and 512, shoulder 505a, 505b, 505c and 505d prevent oil from flowing to the valve operator shown in Fig. 5 B.

Oil can flow to valve operator as shown in Figure 5 B via valve outlet 506,508,510 and 512.Work as shoulder Not choke valve body entrance and during valve outlet 506,508,510 and 512, the pressurization oil from oil pump 580 can be passed through optionally Cross valve body inlet 570,572,574 and 576；Measure groove 571a, 571b, 571c and 571d；And valve outlet.Pressurizeing oil can So that valve operator disables, as will be described in further detail below.When exhaust cam shaft 53 rotates, shoulder 505a, 505b, 505c and 505d, which is selectively the pressurization oil from oil pump 580 and opened and closed, leads to valve body 501a, 501b, 501c and 501d Passage.Exhaust cam shaft 53 also includes cam lobe 507a, 507b, 509a, 509b, 511a, 511b, 513a and 513b, with Exhaust valve is opened and closed when salient angle lift rotates increase in response to exhaust cam shaft and reduces.

In one example, pressurization oil selective flows through metering groove 571a via valve body inlet 570 and reaches one The exhaust valve operator of number cylinder.When exhaust cam shaft 53 rotates, cam lobe 507a and 507b can provide mechanical force to carry Rise the exhaust valve of the No.1 cylinder of four cylinders or eight cylinder engine.Similarly, pressurization oil optionally flows via valve body inlet 572 The exhaust valve operator of No. two cylinders is reached by measuring groove 571b.When exhaust cam shaft 53 rotates, cam lobe 509a Mechanical force can be provided with 509b to lift the exhaust valve of four cylinders or eight cylinder engine No. two cylinders.Equally, pressurization oil is via valve Body entrance 574 selective flows through the exhaust valve operator that metering groove 571c reaches No. three cylinders.Work as exhaust cam shaft During 53 rotation, cam lobe 511a and 511b can provide mechanical force to lift the exhaust of four cylinders or eight cylinder engine No. three cylinders Door.In addition, pressurization oil selective flows through the exhaust valve of metering groove 571d No. four cylinders of arrival via valve body inlet 576 Operator.When exhaust cam shaft 53 rotates, cam lobe 513a and 513b can provide mechanical force to lift four cylinders or eight cylinders hair The exhaust valve of No. four cylinders of motivation.Therefore, exhaust cam shaft 53 can provide the power for the poppet for opening inblock cylinder.

Admission cam shaft 51 is included in the cylindrical journal of corresponding valve body 540a, 540b, 540c and 540d internal rotation 521a, 521b, 521c and 521d.Shown valve body 540a, 540b, 540c and 540d are incorporated in admission cam shaft saddle 522, air inlet Camshaft saddle 522 can be a part for cylinder head casting 35.Continuous metering groove 551a, 551b, 551c and 551d are simultaneously Enter in axle journal 521a, 521b, 521c and 521d.However, in some instances, can eliminate continuous metering groove 551a, 551b, 551c and 551d, and oil directly can be fed to air inlet door operators from pump 580.

Pressurization oil flow to the and of control valve 586,587,588 from oil pump 580 via passage or gallery (gallery) 581 589.Control valve 586 can be opened, so as to permit before oil flow to the air inlet door operators of No.1 cylinder via passage 520b Perhaps oil stream enters valve body inlet 550, metering groove 551a and valve outlet 520a.Pressurization oil is also supplied via passage or conduit 520c To entrance 570.Therefore, by shutoff valve 586, the inlet valve of No.1 cylinder and the deactivation of exhaust valve can be prevented.Outlet 506 will Oil is fed to reservoir 506b and is fed to the exhaust valve operator of No.1 cylinder.

The selectivity operation and the selection of the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No.1 cylinder of the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No. two cylinders Property operation it is similar.Specifically, pressurization oil flow to valve 587 from oil pump 580 via passage or gallery 581, and valve 587 can be opened, from And oil stream is allowed to enter valve body inlet 552, metering before oil flow to the air inlet door operators of No. two cylinders via passage 524b Groove 551b and valve outlet 524a.Pressurization oil is also fed to valve body inlet 572 via passage or conduit 524c.Therefore, pass through Shutoff valve 587, the inlet valve of No. two cylinders and the deactivation of exhaust valve can be prevented.Outlet 508 supplies oil to reservoir 508b And it is fed to the exhaust valve operator of No. two cylinders.

The selectivity operation and the selection of the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No.1 cylinder of the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No. three cylinders Property operation it is similar.For example, pressurization oil flow to valve 588 from oil pump 580 via passage or gallery 581, valve 588 can be opened, so as to Oil stream is allowed to enter valve body inlet 554, metering ditch before oil flow to the air inlet door operators of No. three cylinders via passage 526b Groove 551c and valve outlet 526a.Pressurization oil is also fed to valve body inlet 574 via passage or conduit 526c.Therefore, pass is passed through Valve closing 588, the inlet valve of No. three cylinders and the deactivation of exhaust valve can be prevented.Outlet 510 supplies oil to reservoir 510b simultaneously And it is fed to the exhaust valve operator of No. three cylinders.

The selectivity operation and the selection of the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No.1 cylinder of the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No. four cylinders Property operation it is similar.Specifically, pressurization oil flow to valve 589 from oil pump 580 via passage or gallery 581, and valve 589 can be opened, from And oil stream is allowed to enter valve body inlet 556, metering before oil flow to the air inlet door operators of No. four cylinders via passage 528b Groove 551d and valve outlet 528a.Pressurization oil is also fed to application valve body entrance 576 via passage or conduit 528c.Therefore, By shutoff valve 589, the inlet valve of No. four cylinders and the deactivation of exhaust valve can be prevented.Outlet 512 supplies oil to reservoir 512b and the exhaust valve operator for being fed to No. four cylinders.

Air inlet door operators shown in Fig. 5 B can be promoted by cam lobe 523a-529b, to operate the inlet valve of inblock cylinder. Specifically, cam lobe 523a and 523b operates two inlet valves of No.1 cylinder respectively.Cam lobe 525a and 525b distinguish Operate two inlet valves of No. two cylinders.Cam lobe 527a and 527b operate two inlet valves of No. three cylinders respectively.Cam Salient angle 529a and 529b operate two inlet valves of No. four cylinders respectively.

Therefore, the inlet valve of inblock cylinder and exhaust valve can be individually enabled and be disabled.In addition, foregoing In example, oil can be direct supplied to air inlet door operators from valve 586-589 so that if desired, it is convenient to omit continuous Groove 551a-551d is measured to reduce system cost.

Oil pump 580 also supplies oil to cooling nozzles 535, with via cooling nozzles flow control valve 534 to shown in Figure 1A Piston 36 spray.The oil in gallery 581 can be controlled via dump valve 532 or by adjusting oil pump capacity actuator 533 Pressure, the oil pump capacity actuator 533 adjust the discharge capacity of oil pump 580.Controller 12 shown in Figure 1A can be with cooling nozzles stream Control valve 534, oil pump capacity actuator 533 and the telecommunication of dump valve 532.Oil pump capacity actuator can be magnetic valve, line Property actuator or other known displacement actuator.

With reference now to Fig. 5 B, show that the example of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 5 A disables air inlet Door operators 549 and exhaust valve operator 548.Admission cam shaft 51 rotates so that salient angle 523a optionally lifted air inlet from Moving part 545, air inlet driven member 545 selectively open and close inlet valve 52.Rocker arm shaft 544 is in air inlet driven member 545 and enters Selective mechanical linkage is provided between valve contacts device 547.Passage 546 allows the piston to pressurize shown in oil arrival Fig. 5 C, makes Obtaining inlet valve 52 can be deactivated (for example, closing position is maintained at during cycle of engine).Low oil pressure in passage 546 When, inlet valve 52 can be activated.

Similarly, exhaust cam shaft 53 rotates so that salient angle 507a optionally lifts exhaust follower 543, be vented from Moving part 543 selectively opens and closes exhaust valve 54.Rocker arm shaft 542 exhaust follower 543 and exhaust valve contactor 540 it Between selective mechanical linkage is provided.Passage 541 allows oil to reach the piston shown in Fig. 5 C so that exhaust valve 54 can be activated (for example, being opened and closed during cycle of engine) or disable (for example, closing position is maintained at during cycle of engine).

With reference now to Fig. 5 C, exemplary exhaust door operators 548 is shown.Air inlet door operators includes similar part, and And operated similar to the mode of exhaust valve actuator operation.Therefore, for simplicity, omit to air inlet door operators Description.

Exhaust follower 543 is shown to have the oily passage 565 of the extension in camshaft follower 564.Oily passage 565 with Port 568 in rocker arm shaft 542 is in fluid communication.Piston 563 and lockweight (latching pin) 561 are optionally by driven member 543 are locked to exhaust valve contactor 540, this cause when oil is not acted on piston 563 exhaust valve contactor 540 in response to from The motion of moving part 543 and move.Exhaust valve operator 548 is in during such condition and enables state.

Oil pressure in oily passage 567 and 565 can be acted on piston 563.By resisting spring 569 in passage 565 The hydraulic oil of power forces what the resting position (for example, it normally enables state) shown in piston 563 from its Fig. 5 C was deactivated to it State.Piston 563 is biased to normal locking position by spring 569, when the low oil pressure in passage 565, the normal locking bit Putting allows exhaust valve contactor 540 to operate exhaust valve 54.

Lockweight 561 is no longer locked to the position (for example, unlocked position) of exhaust valve contactor 540 in driven member 543 Place stops, so as to make exhaust valve when the lockweight 561 normally locked by shifting completely in the hydraulic oil operated on piston 563 54 disable.When exhaust valve operator 548 is in the state being deactivated, camshaft follower 564 is according to cam lobe 507a's Move and shake.When piston lock pin 561 is in its unlocked position, exhaust valve 54 and exhaust valve contactor 540 keep fixing.

Therefore, it is possible to use oil pressure come via air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operator selectively enable and disable into Valve and exhaust valve.Specifically, inlet valve and exhaust valve can be by allowing oil to flow to air inlet door operators and exhaust valve behaviour Disabled as device.It should be noted that air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operator can be activated via the mechanism shown in Fig. 5 C and Disable.Fig. 5 B and Fig. 5 C depict the deactivation valve actuator for being provided with rocker arm shaft.It is other kinds of deactivation valve actuator be It is possible and mutually compatible with the present invention, including disable roller finger-like driven member, disable lifter or disable slack adjuster.

With reference now to Fig. 5 D, the valve and cylinder deactivation order of Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 C mechanism are shown.Valve deactivation order It can be provided by Figure 1A and Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 C system.

The first curve map from the top of Fig. 5 D is curve map of the exhaust cam groove width to (versus) crankshaft angles. Vertical axis represents the exhaust cam shaft groove width in the opening position measurement of oil export passage such as Fig. 5 A passage 506.Ditch Well width increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents engine crank angle, wherein zero is air inlet groove The top dead centre compression stroke for the cylinder being illustrated with exhaust trench.In this example, exhaust trench corresponds to Fig. 5 A 571a.Pin It is identical with from the crankshaft angles in the 3rd curve map at the top of Fig. 5 D to the crankshaft angles of exhaust trench width.

The second curve map from the top of Fig. 5 D is curve map of the admission cam groove width to crankshaft angles.Vertical axis Admission cam shaft groove width is represented, and groove width increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents hair Motivation crankshaft angles, wherein zero is the top dead centre compression stroke for the cylinder that air inlet groove and exhaust trench are illustrated.In the example In, air inlet groove corresponds to Fig. 5 A 551a.It is bent for the crankshaft angles and the 3rd from the top of Fig. 5 D of air inlet groove width Crankshaft angles in line chart are identical.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Fig. 5 D is the curve map of inlet valve and exhaust valve lift to engine crank angle. Vertical axis represents valve stroke, and valve stroke increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents to start Machine crankshaft angle, and three curve maps are aligned according to crankshaft angles.Fine line 590 represents the air inlet door operation when No.1 cylinder When device is activated, the inlet valve lift of No.1 cylinder.Heavy line 591 is represented when the exhaust valve operator of No.1 cylinder is activated When, the exhaust valve lift of No.1 cylinder.Fine dotted line 592 represents if the air inlet door operators of No.1 cylinder is activated, No.1 vapour The inlet valve lift of cylinder.Thick dashed line 593 represents if the exhaust valve operator of No.1 cylinder is activated, the exhaust valve of No.1 cylinder Lift.Vertical curve A-D represents order crankshaft angles interested.

Before crankshaft angles A, the inlet valve lift of shown No.1 cylinder increases and then reduced.Oil control valve is such as The 586 of Fig. 5 A are closed before crankshaft angles A, to prevent inlet valve and exhaust valve from disabling.Before crankshaft angles A, it is shown enter Valve stroke 590 increases during the induction stroke of No.1 cylinder.Before crankshaft angles A, it is sufficient to make adding for inlet valves of deactivated Force feed is not present in continuous admission cam shaft groove.

At crankshaft angles A, oil control valve (for example, 586 of Fig. 5 A) can be opened, so that inlet valve and exhaust valve disable. After oil control valve opening, continuous admission cam shaft groove is pressurizeed with oil so that air inlet door operators lockweight It can shift, and camshaft lobe is on the basic circle of the inlet valve of No.1 cylinder.It is also convex to being vented with oil at crankshaft angles A Wheel shaft groove 571a is pressurizeed.At angle A, 506 unused oil of exit passageway is pressurizeed, because shoulder 505a (Fig. 5 A institutes Show) covering valve outlet 506 (shown in Fig. 5 A).Therefore, at crankshaft angles A, only inlet valve starts to be deactivated.Inlet valve is grasped Make device lockweight before crankshaft angles C from its normal position to depart from, to prevent inlet valve from opening.

At crankshaft angles B, the exhaust cam shaft neck 521a of No.1 cylinder shoulder is given way for discontinuous groove 571a, This allows the exhaust valve operator of oil arrival No.1 cylinder.Oil can flow to air inlet door operators and row at crankshaft angles B Valve operator, but because exhaust valve is partly lifted at crankshaft angles B, therefore exhaust valve operation is until exhaust valve is in bent axle Angle C is nearby closed.Exhaust valve operator lockweight departs from before crankshaft angles D from its normal engagement position, with the row of preventing Valve is opened.

At crankshaft angles C, because air inlet door operators is deactivated in cycle of engine, therefore inlet valve is not opened. In addition, exhaust valve operator lockweight departs from before crankshaft angles D from its normal position, to prevent exhaust valve from opening.Therefore, Exhaust valve is not opened in cylinder cycle.Inlet valve and exhaust valve can keep disabling, until leading to air inlet door operation by reducing The oil pressure of device and exhaust valve operator reactivates intake operation device and bleeding device.

By disabling oil control valve 586 and allowing the oil pressure in air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operator to reduce, or By unloading the oil pressure from air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operator via dump valve (not shown) to put, can reactivate Inlet valve and exhaust valve.

When exhaust cam groove shoulder passage 506, after crankshaft angles D, oily reservoir 506b is in circulation The oil pressure in oily passage 506 is kept during part.During the fuel feeding from pump is interrupted, reservoir 506b compensation passes through various The oil leakage in space.Oily reservoir 506b may include special piston and spring, or can be with latching pin mechanism such as Fig. 5 C The Mechanism Combination described.

With reference now to Fig. 6 A, the camshaft of the valve deactivation system for alternative hydraulic operation is shown.Camshaft 420 It can be included in the engine system shown in Fig. 4 A.

In this example, camshaft 420 can be admission cam shaft or exhaust cam shaft or operation inlet valve and exhaust valve Both camshafts.The inlet valve and exhaust valve of each engine cylinder can be individually enabled and be disabled.Camshaft 420 includes Sprocket wheel 619, sprocket wheel 619 allow Figure 1A bent axle 40 via chain drive camshaft 420.Camshaft 420 includes four axle journals 605a-605d, axle journal 605a-605d include shoulder 606a-606d and discontinuous groove 608a-608d.Camshaft saddle 602 wraps Include the fixing groove 610a for each in valve body 670a, 670b, 670c and 670d (shown in Fig. 6 B).Fixing groove 610a It is arranged to axially align with discontinuous groove 608a-608d.Camshaft 420 also includes cam lobe.In one example, when convex When wheel shaft 420 rotates, both 420 operable inlet valve of camshaft and exhaust valve.Specifically, salient angle 620 operates No.1 cylinder Inlet valve, and salient angle 622 operates the exhaust valve of No.1 cylinder.Salient angle 638 operates the inlet valve of No. two cylinders, and salient angle The exhaust valve of 639 No. two cylinders of operation.The inlet valve of No. three cylinders of operation of salient angle 648, and No. three cylinders of operation of salient angle 649 Exhaust valve.Salient angle 658 operates the inlet valve of No. four cylinders, and salient angle 659 operates the exhaust valve of No. four cylinders.

Camshaft saddle 602 includes valve body 670a, 670b, 670c and 670d, leads to camshaft groove to support and provide Oily passage.Specifically, valve body 670a includes entrance 613, first outlet 612 and second outlet 616.First outlet 612 is by oil Exhaust valve operator is provided.Second outlet 616 provides oil to air inlet door operators.Valve body 670b includes entrance 633, first Outlet 636 and second outlet 632.First outlet 636 provides oil to exhaust valve operator.Second outlet 632 provides oil Air inlet door operators.Valve body 670c includes entrance 643, first outlet 646 and second outlet 642.First outlet 646 provides oil To exhaust valve operator.Second outlet 642 provides oil to air inlet door operators.Valve body 670d includes entrance 653, first outlet 656 and second outlet 652.First outlet 656 provides oil to exhaust valve operator.Second outlet 652 provides oil to air inlet Door operators.When control valve 614,634,644 and 654 is activated and is opened, passage 616,632,642 and 652 will come from oil The pressurization oil of pump 690 is fed to (Fig. 6 C institutes of air inlet door operators 649 via gallery or passage 692 for corresponding cylinder 1-4 Show).When control valve 614,634,644 and 654 is opened, outlet 612,636,646 and 656 can be to (the figure of exhaust valve operator 648 Shown in 6C) supply oil pressure.Discontinuous groove 608a-608d optionally in entrance 613,633,643 and 653 and leads to exhaust valve Oil circuit is provided between the valve outlet 612,636,646 and 656 of operator.Axle journal 605a-605d is by discontinuous groove 608a- 608d is partially around (circumscribed).Reservoir 609a-609d provide oil, with shoulder 606a in short time period Exhaust valve is set to keep disabling when covering passage 612.

With reference now to Fig. 6 B, cross section valve body 670a and its associated part are shown.Camshaft 420 is via lid 699 It is connected to camshaft saddle 602.Lid is covered in the fixing groove 610a formed in camshaft saddle 602.Camshaft 420 include with The axially aligned discontinuous groove 608a of fixing groove 610a.Valve 614 selectively allows for oil to flow to air inlet via passage 616 Door operators simultaneously flows into fixing groove 610a.Shoulder 606a optionally covers and exposed outlet 612, and outlet 612 is in camshaft During 420 rotation oil is provided to reservoir 609a and exhaust valve operator.

With reference now to Fig. 6 C, show that the example of the valve deactivation system for the hydraulic operation shown in Fig. 6 A disables air inlet Door operators 649 and deactivation exhaust valve operator 648.Camshaft 420 rotates so that salient angle 620 optionally lifted air inlet from Moving part 645, air inlet driven member 645 selectively open and close inlet valve 52.Rocker arm shaft 644 is in air inlet driven member 645 and enters Selective mechanical linkage is provided between valve contacts device 647.Air inlet door operators 649 and exhaust valve operator 648 include portion Part, and operated as the operator described in Fig. 5 C.Passage 646 allows the piston to pressurize shown in oil arrival Fig. 5 C so that Inlet valve 52 can be deactivated (for example, closing position is maintained at during cycle of engine).When the low oil pressure in passage 646, Inlet valve 52 can be activated (for example, being opened and closed during cycle of engine).

Similarly, cam lobe 622 is rotated optionally to lift exhaust follower 643, the selectivity of exhaust follower 643 Ground opens and closes exhaust valve 54.Rocker arm shaft 642 provides selectivity between exhaust follower 643 and exhaust valve contactor 640 Mechanical linkage.Passage 641 allows oil to reach the piston shown in Fig. 5 C so that exhaust valve 54 can be deactivated (for example, in engine Closing position is maintained at during circulation).When the piston 563 shown in Fig. 5 C returns to its normal or home position via spring 569 When, the low oil pressure in passage 641 enables (for example, being opened and closed during cycle of engine) exhaust valve 54.

By this way, single cam can operate inlet valve and exhaust valve.In addition, the air inlet via single actuated by cams Door and exhaust valve can be deactivated via air inlet door operators 649 and exhaust valve operator 648.

With reference now to Fig. 6 D, the valve and cylinder deactivation order of Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C mechanism are shown.Valve deactivation order It can be provided by Figure 1A and Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C system.

The first curve map from the top of Fig. 6 D is the exhaust cam groove width led at the passage of exhaust valve operator To the curve map of crankshaft angles.Vertical axis represents exhaust cam shaft groove width, and groove width is in vertical axis arrow Direction on increase.Horizontal axis represents engine crank angle, wherein zero is the vapour that air inlet groove and exhaust trench are illustrated The top dead centre compression stroke of cylinder.In this example, exhaust trench corresponds to Fig. 6 A measured at oil export passage 612 groove 608a width.Crankshaft angles for exhaust trench width and the crankshaft angles phase in the 3rd curve map from the top of Fig. 6 D Together.

The second curve map from the top of Fig. 6 D is the curve map of inlet valve and exhaust valve lift to engine crank angle. Vertical axis represents valve stroke, and valve stroke increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents to start Machine crankshaft angle, and three curve maps are aligned according to crankshaft angles.Fine line 690 represents the air inlet door operation when No.1 cylinder When device is activated, the inlet valve lift of No.1 cylinder.Heavy line 691 is represented when the exhaust valve operator of No.1 cylinder is activated When, the exhaust valve lift of No.1 cylinder.Fine dotted line 692 represents if the air inlet door operators of No.1 cylinder is activated, No.1 vapour The inlet valve lift of cylinder.Thick dashed line 693 represents if the exhaust valve operator of No.1 cylinder is activated, the exhaust valve of No.1 cylinder Lift.Vertical curve A-D represents order crankshaft angles interested.

Before crankshaft angles A, the inlet valve lift of shown No.1 cylinder increases and then reduced.Oil control valve is such as The 614 of Fig. 6 A are closed before crankshaft angles A, to prevent inlet valve and exhaust valve from using.Before crankshaft angles A, shown air inlet Door lift 690 increases during the induction stroke of No.1 cylinder.Before crankshaft angles A, it is sufficient to make the pressurization of inlet valves of deactivated Oil is not present in continuous admission cam shaft groove.

At crankshaft angles A, oil control valve (for example, 614 of Fig. 6 A) can be opened, so that inlet valve and exhaust valve disable. After oil control valve opening, fixing groove (for example, Fig. 6 B 608a) and passage 616 are pressurizeed with oil so that air inlet Door operators lockweight can shift, and export 616 and be capped via shoulder 606a.Therefore, at angle A, exit passageway 616 Unused oil is pressurizeed, because shoulder 606a (shown in Fig. 6 A) covers valve outlet 616.Therefore, at crankshaft angles A, only Inlet valve starts to be deactivated.Air inlet door operators lockweight departs from before crankshaft angles C from its normal position, to prevent air inlet Door is opened.

At crankshaft angles B, the exhaust cam shaft shoulder 606a of No.1 cylinder shoulder is given way for discontinuous groove 608a, This allows oil to reach the exhaust valve operator for exporting 616 and No.1 cylinder.Oil can flow to inlet valve behaviour at crankshaft angles B Make device and exhaust valve operator, but because exhaust valve is partly lifted at crankshaft angles B, therefore exhaust valve operation is until exhaust Door is closed near crankshaft angles C.Exhaust valve operator lockweight departs from before crankshaft angles D from its normal engagement position, To prevent exhaust valve from opening.

By disabling oil control valve 614 and allowing the oil pressure in air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operator to reduce, or By unloading the oil pressure from air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operator via dump valve (not shown) to put, can reactivate Inlet valve and exhaust valve.

When exhaust cam groove shoulder passage 616, after crankshaft angles D, oily reservoir 609a is in circulation The oil pressure in oily passage 616 is kept during part.During the fuel feeding from pump is interrupted, reservoir 609a compensation passes through various The oil leakage in space.Oily reservoir 609a may include special piston and spring, or can be with latching pin mechanism such as Fig. 5 C Shown Mechanism Combination.

Therefore, Figure 1A to Fig. 6 D system provides a kind of Vehicular system, and it includes：Engine, it includes air throttle and can With the one or more cylinder poppets being deactivated；And controller, it includes non-transitory executable instruction, described executable Instruction when executed by the controllers, is asked in response to deceleration fuel cutoff and closes air throttle and one or more to be deactivated Cylinder poppet, so as to provide desired motor intake manifold pressure, desired motor intake manifold pressure is with environment pressure Power and change.Vehicular system also includes closing air throttle based on the substantial amt of engine cylinder induction event to provide expectation Motor intake manifold pressure extra-instruction.It is when engine is with idling that Vehicular system, which includes desired air- distributor pressure, Operate and the situation of pressure when operator demand's moment of torsion is substantially zero.Vehicular system also includes in response to deceleration fuel cutoff Request stops the extra-instruction for leading to the The fuel stream of all engine cylinders.Vehicular system is additionally included in by closing one or more Individual cylinder poppet and to the additional of motor intake manifold applying vacuum during the air-flow of all cylinders of no thoroughfare engine Instruction.Vehicular system includes providing the situation of vacuum via injector.

It should be noted that can be with operation diagram 1A to Fig. 6 D system to provide desired engine torque, wherein active cylinders Substantial amt can keep identical, and the active cylinders for forming the substantial amt of active cylinders can be in different cycle of engine Between change.In addition, if it is desired, combustion air and fuel are to produce desired engine torque during cycle of engine The substantial amt of cylinder can change between different cycle of engine.This can be referred to as rolling modulated displacement engine.Example Such as, the four cylinder engine that ignition order is 1-3-4-2 can make cylinder 1 and 3 light a fire during the first cycle of engine, next Cylinder 3 and 2 is lighted a fire during individual cycle of engine, cylinder 1-3-2 is lighted a fire during next cycle of engine, next Make during cycle of engine cylinder 3-4-2 light a fire and by that analogy, to provide constant desired engine torque.

Referring now to Figure 7, show the method for operating the engine with cylinder deactivation and valve.Fig. 7 method It can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.This method is stored as holding in non-transitory memory Row is instructed and is included.Fig. 7 method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, to change hair The mode of operation of motivation or its part.

At 702, method 700 determines engine hardware configuration.In one example, engine hardware configuration can make Stored in memory when making.Engine hardware configuration information can include but is not limited to the information for describing the following：Start The substantial amt of machine cylinder, do not include disabling the substantial amt of the engine cylinder of inlet valve and exhaust valve including disable exhaust The substantial amt of the engine cylinder of door includes the substantial amt including deactivation inlet valve of the engine cylinder of deactivation inlet valve Cylinder mark (for example, cylinder number) including disable exhaust valve cylinder mark, do not include disabling inlet valve and exhaust valve The mark of cylinder, engine knock sensors position, the substantial amt of engine knock sensors and other systems configuration Parameter.Method 700 reads vehicle configuration information from memory and advances to 704.

At 704, in view of at 702 retrieve system configuration information, method 700 judge via disable inlet valve and/or Whether the cylinder deactivation of exhaust valve can use.If method 700 judges unavailable via inlet valve and/or exhaust valve, cylinder deactivation Or it is impossible, then answer is no, and method 700 is advanced to and exited.Otherwise, answer is yes, and method 700 advances to 706.

At 706, what method 700 judged whether that only cylinder air inlet door disables is available.In other words, method 700 Judge when engine rotates, if the inlet valve of only engine cylinder can be deactivated (for example, in whole cycle of engine It is maintained at closure state) with cylinder deactivation, and all exhaust valves of all engine cylinders continue to operate.Match somebody with somebody in some engines In putting, it may be desirable to only disable the inlet valve of the cylinder being deactivated to reduce system cost.Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C show such start Two examples of machine configuration.Cylinder air inlet door and exhaust valve, which can be deactivated, to be in closure state, in closed state, its Middle inlet valve and exhaust valve are not opened in cycle of engine from closing position.Method 700 is matched somebody with somebody based on the hardware determined at 702 Put and judge when engine rotates, the only inlet valve of engine cylinder can be deactivated to disable engine cylinder, and engine All engine exhaust ports of cylinder continue to operate.If method 700 is judged when engine rotates, only engine cylinder Inlet valve can be deactivated to disable engine cylinder, and all engine exhaust ports of engine cylinder continue to operate, then answer It is yes, and method 700 advances to 708.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 700 advances to 710.

At 708, method 700 determines that wherein inlet valve can be deactivated when engine rotates and exhaust valve continues to operate Engine cylinder.Method can based on Fig. 8 method determine wherein inlet valve can be deactivated and exhaust valve continue operation start Machine cylinder.After the engine cylinder that wherein inlet valve can be deactivated is determined, method 700 advances to 712.

At 710, method 700 determines the engine vapour that wherein inlet valve and exhaust valve can be deactivated when engine rotates Cylinder.Method can the method based on Figure 10 determine engine cylinder that wherein inlet valve and exhaust valve can be deactivated.It is being determined After the engine cylinder that middle inlet valve and exhaust valve can be deactivated, method 700 advances to 712.

At 712, method 700 determines the cylinder mode for operating the permission of engine or allowing.Cylinder mode identifies How many engine cylinder is movable, and which cylinder is movable (for example, cylinder number 1,3 and 4).Method 700 The cylinder mode for determining to allow according to Figure 11 method.After the cylinder mode of permission is determined, method 700 advances to 714.

At 714, method 700 adjusts engine oil pressure in response to cylinder mode.Method 700 is adjusted according to Figure 31 method Whole engine oil pressure.After it have adjusted engine oil pressure, method 700 advances to 716.

At 716, method 700 makes selected cylinder deactivation according to the cylinder mode of permission.Method 700 is according at 712 The cylinder mode of the permission of determination disables inlet valve and/or exhaust valve, so that selected cylinder deactivation.If for example, hair Motivation be four cylinder engine and allow cylinder mode include three active cylinders, then method 700 makes a cylinder deactivation.It is living Dynamic specific cylinder and the cylinder being deactivated can be based on cylinder mode.Cylinder mode can change with vehicle working condition so that identical The cylinder of substantial amt can be movable, and the cylinder of identical substantial amt can be deactivated, but be activated and disable Cylinder can change between different cycle of engine.The air door operation for the cylinder being deactivated is based on the cylinder phase with being deactivated The cylinder deactivation pattern of association.For example, if the cylinder mode allowed includes the cylinder deactivation pattern of the method from Figure 20, Valve in the cylinder being deactivated can operate according to the cylinder deactivation pattern described in Figure 20.

If allowing the active cylinders of multiple substantial amts, enable and minimum fuel consumption is being provided while provided desired The active cylinders of substantial amt in the specific cylinder pattern of operator demand's moment of torsion.Can be with being activated furthermore it is possible to engage The transmission gear of the associated permission of the cylinder mode of permission.

Method 700 can make inlet valve via system as described herein or via other known valve deactivation system And/or exhaust valve disables.If instruction is sent out immediately after cylinder mode is changed for engine knock sensors or other sensors Motivation noise is more than threshold value or vibration is more than threshold value, then can select the active cylinders and transmission gear of different substantial amts (for example, transmission gear and cylinder mode before cylinder mode is changed, it can be the movable vapour of larger substantial amt Cylinder).Detonation sensor can be sampled with the engine crankshaft interval beyond combustion knock window, to avoid based on quick-fried The switch mode of shake.The detonation sensor output in knock window can be excluded, in response to engine luggine weight Newly enable cylinder.

It can disable engine cylinder by the way that inlet valve is maintained at into closing position in whole cycle of engine.Separately Outside, can also stop injecting fuel into the cylinder being deactivated.The spark that the cylinder to being deactivated can also be stopped delivers.One In a little examples, the exhaust valve for the cylinder being deactivated also is maintained at closing position, while inlet valve quilt in whole cycle of engine Disable so that gas is trapped in the cylinder being deactivated.Stop selected engine cylinder via inlet valve and exhaust valve With afterwards, method 700 advances to 718.

At 718, method 700 controls combustion knock in response to cylinder deactivation.Method 700 is according to Figure 33 to Figure 38's Method controls combustion knock.After combustion knock is controlled, method 700 advances to 720.

At 720, method 700 performs cylinder deactivation diagnosis.Method 700 performs cylinder according to Figure 39 to Figure 40 method and examined It is disconnected.After cylinder diagnosis is performed, method 700, which advances to, to be exited.

With reference now to Fig. 8 A, the method for determining the wherein cylinder that inlet valve can be deactivated is shown.Fig. 8 method can be by It is included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.This method is stored as the executable finger in non-transitory memory Make and be included.Fig. 8 method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, to change engine Or the mode of operation of its part.

At 802, method 800 selects the substantial amt of the cylinder of engine.The substantial amt of cylinder can be based on vehicle matter Amount and performance requirement.In some instances, engine will have four cylinders, and in other examples, engine will have six Individual or eight cylinders.In addition, determine the reality of the engine cylinder with the valve that activity is always to maintain when engine rotates Sum.In one example, there is the valve of the holding activity when engine rotates (for example, inlet poppet valves and exhaust are lifted Valve) cylinder substantial amt be based on vehicle with desired speed (for example, 60KPH) operation needed for amount of power.If engine With the ability for providing the amount of power with two or more cylinders, then engine can be manufactured into including with being always to maintain Two cylinders of (for example, being opened and closed in cycle of engine) valve of activity.If engine is with offer with four The ability of the amount of power of individual or more cylinder, then engine can be manufactured into including four with the valve for being always to maintain activity Individual cylinder.Remaining cylinder, which is provided with, disables inlet valve and non-deactivation exhaust valve.The substantial amt of engine cylinder is being determined And after the substantial amt of the cylinder with the valve for being always to maintain activity, method 800 advances to 804.

At 804, engine is configured to have and is always to maintain when engine rotates in movable engine cylinder Non- deactivation air inlet door operators and non-deactivation exhaust valve operator.Remaining engine cylinder, which is provided with, disables air inlet door operators With non-deactivation exhaust valve operator.In cluster engine equipped with disabling with after non-deactivation valve, method 800 advances to 806.

At 806, the oil mass in cylinder of the estimation of method 800 with the inlet valve being deactivated during cycle of engine, So that inlet valve is not opened during cycle of engine or the wherein circulation of the cylinder of air inlet door operation.In one example, base Estimate the oil mass in engine cylinder in the empirical model described by Fig. 8 B.Method 800 is determined in each engine cylinder The inlet valve of oil mass, wherein cylinder is deactivated, and wherein cylinder is deactivated so that is substantially stopped by the air-flow of cylinder (for example, less than in the idling condition by 10% of the air-flow of cylinder).Revised in each cycle of engine in each cylinder Oil mass.After the oil mass during each cylinder is determined, method 800 advances to 808.

In addition, method 800 can at 806 estimating engine oil quality.Engine oil quality can be in engine oil Pollutant estimation.Value to the distribution of engine oil quality can be 0 to 100,0 end for corresponding to its life cycle, and And 100 correspond to green oil.In one example, the estimation of engine oil quality is based on engine operating time, operating time The engine load of period and the engine speed during the operating time.For example, mean engine load and engine speed can To be determined in engine operating time.The table of mean engine load and engine speed index empirical determination, and should Table exports oily value.Can expected response in oil quality limitation cylinder deactivation be available time quantum because low oil quality exists Engine scuffing can be increased during cylinder deactivation, and/or engine emission can be increased during cylinder deactivation.

Method 800 can also determine the substantial amt that particulate regenerates since last time engine oil is changed.It is micro- by improving Grain filter temperature and burn be stored in the carbonaceous soot in particulate filter to make particulate filter regeneration.In engine oil more After alternatively, whenever particulate filter regeneration, the substantial amt of particulate filter regeneration will increase.

At 808, method 800 prevents from being deactivated containing the oily cylinder for having more than threshold quantity.In other words, if having quilt The cylinder of the inlet valve (for example, the inlet valve remained closed in cycle of engine) of deactivation contains the oil for having more than threshold quantity, then Cylinder is reactivated (for example, cylinder air inlet door and exhaust valve open and close during cycle of engine, and air and fuel Burn in the cylinder) so that the oil into cylinder can be restricted.By enabling air inlet door operators and supplying spark to cylinder Cylinder is reactivated with fuel.If cylinder is re-enabled, it keeps enabling being less than at least up to the oil mass in cylinder Threshold quantity.In addition, inlet valve and exhaust valve opening time lap can exceed threshold in response to the oil mass in the cylinder that is deactivated It is worth and increases.By exceeding threshold value in response to the oil mass in cylinder to increase inlet valve and EXO time-interleaving, Ke Yicong Inblock cylinder goes out oil vapour to improve subsequent combustion incident stability and discharge.In addition, can in response to the oil mass in a cylinder To enable a cylinder, and during identical cycle of engine, the second cylinder can be disabled so that in the cycle of engine phase Between the substantial amt of movable engine cylinder keep constant.Cylinder can be activated and stop as described elsewhere herein With.For example, a cylinder can be enabled by opening inlet valve and exhaust valve during the circulation of a cylinder.In the second cylinder Circulation during by close inlet valve or keep IC Intake Valve Closes or close inlet valve and exhaust valve and keep inlet valve and Exhaust valve closing can disable the second cylinder.

If disable tool by the IC Intake Valve Closes for the cylinder for keeping being deactivated during the circulation for the cylinder being deactivated Have and disable inlet valve and the non-cylinder for disabling exhaust valve, while exhaust valve continues to open and close, then in response to making cylinder deactivation The closure timings of adjustable exhaust valve so that cylinder compresses and expansion-loss can be reduced.Threshold value is had more than reactivating to contain After the oily cylinder of amount, method 800, which advances to, to be exited.

In addition at 808, be less than threshold value in response to oil quality, cylinder can not be deactivated or can be re-enabled (for example, Combustion air and fuel in cylinder).Further, since last time engine oil, which is changed, is more than threshold value, therefore in response to particulate filter The substantial amt of regeneration, method 800 can enable engine cylinder or prevent engine cylinder to be deactivated.These actions can improve Vehicle discharges and/or reduced engine scuffing.

With reference now to Fig. 8 B, the block diagram of the example empirical model for estimating the oil mass in engine cylinder is shown.Can With via the oil mass in the cylinder that is each deactivated of model estimation similar to model 850, but in described function or table Variable can have different values according to numbering cylinder.

Model 850 is estimated to enter with the inlet valve being deactivated (for example, in engine or cylinder cycle at square frame 852 Inside be maintained at the inlet valve of closing position) and operation exhaust valve cylinder basic oil mass.Cylinder oil mass is empirically determined, And it is arranged in the table or function being stored in controller storage.In one example, table or function press engine speed It is indexed with cylinder or pressure at expulsion.Oil mass in table or function output cylinder.Oil mass is directed into square frame 854.

At square frame 854, the oil mass in cylinder is multiplied by the scalar or real number in response to oil temperature adjustment oil mass.Oil viscosity can Change with oil temperature, and the oil mass that can enter the cylinder being deactivated can change with oil temperature.Due to oil viscosity can with oil temperature and Reduce, so can enter the oil mass for the cylinder being deactivated can increase with the increase of oil temperature.In one example, square frame 854 wraps Include multiple empirically determined scalars for different oil temperatures.Oil mass from square frame 852 is multiplied by the scalar in square frame 854, With the oil mass being determined as in the engine cylinder of the function of oil temperature.

At 856, the scalar multiplication of engine or compressive ratio in cylinder (CR) will be based on the output of square frame 854, to determine to make For the oil mass in the engine cylinder of oil temperature and the function of engine compression ratio.In one example, due in exhaust valve closing Vacuum is produced in the cylinder afterwards, so the oil mass in cylinder increases to obtain higher compressive ratio in cylinder.856 value is according to warp Test and determine and store memory.

At 858, the oil mass in cylinder is multiplied by the function as exhaust valve closing position or captured cylinder volume Value.When exhaust valve closing timing postpones from top dead centre exhaust stroke, value increase, because when exhaust valve closing delay increase When capture additional delivery space in the cylinder.When exhaust valve closing timing shifts to an earlier date from top dead centre exhaust stroke, the value reduces, Because capture additional delivery space in the cylinder when exhaust valve closing increases in advance.858 function is empirically determined simultaneously Store memory.Oil mass in cylinder is delivered to square frame 860.

At square frame 860, the oil mass in cylinder is multiplied by the scalar in response to engine temperature adjustment oil mass.Engine temperature Degree can influence the space between engine components, and the oil mass for entering cylinder can be with engine temperature and engine components space And change.In one example, square frame 860 includes multiple empirically determined scalars for different engine temperatures.Into vapour The oil mass of cylinder is raised and reduced with engine temperature, is subtracted because the space between engine components can be raised with engine temperature It is small.Oily estimation in the output engine cylinder of square frame 860.

Referring now to Figure 9, show the exemplary operations order for four cylinder engine.In this example, by enabling and The inlet valve for disabling No. two and No. three cylinders optionally enables and disabled No. two and No. three engine cylinders.Four cylinder engine There is 1-3-4-2 ignition order in combustion air and fuel.Vertical mark at time T0-T7 is represented in the order Time interested.Fig. 9 curve map is temporally aligned while occurring.

The first curve map from the top of Fig. 9 is the oily curve map to the time estimated in No. two cylinders.Vertical axis table Show the oil mass estimated in No. two cylinders, and the oil mass estimated in No. two cylinders increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Water Flat axis represents time, and right side increase of the time from the left side of curve map to curve map.Horizontal line 902 represents No. two cylinders In the threshold limit of oil mass that is not exceeded.

The second curve map from the top of Fig. 9 is the oily curve map to the time estimated in No. three cylinders.Vertical axis table Show the oil mass estimated in No. three cylinders, and the oil mass estimated in No. three cylinders increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Water Flat axis represents time, and right side increase of the time from the left side of curve map to curve map.Horizontal line 904 represents No. three cylinders In the threshold limit of oil mass that is not exceeded.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Fig. 9 is the curve map of the number of asked operation cylinder.The operation asked The number of cylinder can be the function of operator torque demands, engine speed and other operating modes.Vertical axis represents to be asked Operation engine cylinder number, and the number of the engine cylinder for the operation asked is shown along vertical axis.Water Flat axis represents time, and right side increase of the time from the left side of curve map to curve map.

The 4th curve map from the top of Fig. 9 is curve map of the mode of operation to the time of No. two cylinders.Vertical axis table Show No. two cylinder modes of operation.When trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, lead to during cycle of engine Cross inlet valve and exhaust valve opens and closes, No. two cylinder operation combustion airs and fuel.When trace is in close to horizontal axis Reduced levels when, No. two cylinders do not operate and not combustion air and fuel.When trace is close to horizontal axis, inlet valve is whole Closed in individual cycle of engine, and when trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis arrow, exhaust valve is in engine Opened and closed during circulation.

The 5th curve map from the top of Fig. 9 is curve map of the mode of operation to the time of No. three cylinders.Vertical axis table Show No. three cylinder modes of operation.When trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, lead to during cycle of engine Cross inlet valve and exhaust valve opens and closes, No. three cylinder operation combustion airs and fuel.When trace is in close to horizontal axis Reduced levels when, No. three cylinders do not operate and not combustion air and fuel.When trace is close to horizontal axis, inlet valve is whole Closed in individual cycle of engine, and when trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis arrow, exhaust valve is in engine Opened and closed during circulation.

At time T0, the oil mass estimated in No. two cylinders is low.The oil mass estimated in No. three cylinders is also low.Engine is with four Individual active cylinders (for example, cylinder of combustion air and fuel) operation, as passed through asked cylinder number equal to four and two Number and the modes of operation of No. three cylinders be movable (for example, higher level at cylinder mode of operation trace) instruction.Whenever starting When machine just operation and combustion air and fuel, No.1 and No. four cylinders are all movable.

At time T1, the oil mass estimated in No. two and No. three cylinders is low.The operation cylinder number asked is reduced from 4 To 3.In response to relatively low operator demand's moment of torsion, it is possible to reduce the number for the engine cylinder asked.In response to asking The cylinder number asked is 3, and No. three cylinders are deactivated (for example, stopping burning, the inlet valve of No. three cylinders are stopped in No. three cylinders With so that they are not opened and closed during cycle of engine, deliver stopping to the fuel of cylinder, the spark of cylinder is delivered It can stop, and continue to open and close in the exhaust valve of each cycle of engine period three cylinder).No. two cylinders continue to use Activity air inlet door operation and burn.

Between time t 1 and a time t 2, the oil mass estimated in No. two cylinders keeps low and constant.Estimate in No. three cylinders Oil mass increase.Because because the inlet valve of No. three cylinders is deactivated, after the exhaust valve closing of No. three cylinders, at No. three Vacuum can be formed in cylinder, so the oil mass increase in No. three cylinders.

At time T2, the oil mass in No. three cylinders equals or exceeds threshold value 904.Therefore, No. three cylinders are re-enabled, Released which increase the pressure in cylinder and by oil by cylinder ring (cylinder ring) from cylinder, so as to reduce No. three Oil mass in cylinder.However, by the cylinder number asked is 3, therefore No. two cylinders are deactivated (for example, in No. two cylinders Middle to stop burning, the inlet valve of No. two cylinders is deactivated so that they are not opened and closed during cycle of engine, to cylinder Fuel delivering stop, the delivering of the spark of cylinder being stopped, and in the exhaust of each cycle of engine period two cylinder Door opens and closes).By this way, even if when the oil mass of a cylinder is at or greater than threshold limit, also provides and ask The operation cylinder number asked.The oil mass estimated in No. two cylinders is in reduced levels.The mode of operation of No. two cylinders is low with instruction No. two number of cylinders are deactivated.The mode of operation height of No. three cylinders is to indicate that No. three cylinders are activated.

At time T3, the number for the operation cylinder asked is 2, and the oil mass estimated in No. three cylinders is low.Response Low oil mass in No. three cylinders and the number for the operation cylinder asked disable No. three cylinders.No. two cylinders, which are maintained at, to be stopped State.Oil mass in No. two cylinders continues to increase.

At time T4, the oil mass in No. two cylinders exceedes threshold level 902, and the number for the operation cylinder asked For 2.No. two cylinders are re-enabled, with fuel-displaced from No. two inblock cylinders.No. three cylinders keep being deactivated so that the number of cylinders of burning Number of the mesh close to asked operation cylinder.In short time after time t 4, in response to the oil estimated in No. two cylinders Measure and low reactivate No. two cylinders.

At time T5, the oil mass in No. three cylinders exceedes threshold level 904, and the number for the operation cylinder asked For 2.No. three cylinders are re-enabled, with fuel-displaced from No. three inblock cylinders.No. two cylinders keep being deactivated so that the number of cylinders of burning Number of the mesh close to asked operation cylinder.Within the short time after time T5, in response to the oil estimated in No. three cylinders Measure and low reactivate No. three cylinders.

At time T6, the oil mass in No. two cylinders exceedes threshold level 902, and the number for the operation cylinder asked For 2.No. two cylinders are re-enabled, with fuel-displaced from No. two inblock cylinders.No. three cylinders keep being deactivated so that the number of cylinders of burning Number of the mesh close to asked operation cylinder.Within the short time after time T6, in response to the oil estimated in No. two cylinders Measure and low reactivate No. two cylinders.

At time T7, in response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion, the number of the asked operation cylinder of increase.Response In the number of operation cylinder, the modes of operation of No. two and No. three cylinders is changed into activity, with indicate No. two and No. three cylinders by Reactivate.By enabling No. two and No. three cylinders, the oil mass estimated in No. two and No. three cylinders is reduced.

By this way, engine cylinder can be selectively deactivated and enable, to save fuel and reduce engine Oil in cylinder.Furthermore it is possible to the cylinder enabled is disabled, to reduce the oil in engine cylinder and attempt to match asked behaviour Make the number of cylinder.Cylinder is enabled to go oil removing from cylinder prior to cylinder deactivation to match the number of asked operation cylinder Mesh so that oil consumption can be reduced.

Referring now to Figure 10, show the method for determining the wherein cylinder that inlet valve can be deactivated.Figure 10 method can be with It is included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.This method is stored as executable in non-transitory memory Instruct and be included.Figure 10 method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, to change hair The mode of operation of motivation or its part.

At 1002, method 1000 selects the substantial amt of the cylinder of engine.The substantial amt of cylinder can be based on vehicle Quality and performance requirement.In some instances, engine will have four cylinders, and in other examples, engine will have Six or eight cylinders.In addition, determine the reality of the engine cylinder with the valve that activity is always to maintain when engine rotates Border sum.In one example, there is the valve of the holding activity when engine rotates (for example, inlet poppet valves and exhaust carry Lift valve) cylinder substantial amt be based on vehicle with desired speed (for example, 60KPH) operation needed for amount of power.If start Equipment is provided with the ability of the amount of power with four or more cylinders, then engine can be manufactured into including with always protecting Four cylinders of (for example, being opened and closed in the cycle of engine) valve for the activity of holding.If engine with offer with The ability of the amount of power of six or more cylinders, then engine can be manufactured into including with the valve for being always to maintain activity Six cylinders.Remaining cylinder, which is provided with, disables inlet valve and non-deactivation exhaust valve.The actual total of engine cylinder is being determined After counting and having the substantial amt for the cylinder for being always to maintain movable valve, method 1000 advances to 1004.

At 1004, engine is configured to have and is always to maintain when engine rotates in movable engine cylinder Non- deactivation air inlet door operators and non-deactivation exhaust valve operator.Remaining engine cylinder, which is provided with, disables air inlet door operators With deactivation exhaust valve operator.In cluster engine equipped with disabling with after non-deactivation valve, method 1000 advances to 1006.

At 1006, the oil in cylinder of the estimation of method 1000 with the inlet valve being deactivated during cycle of engine Amount so that inlet valve is not opened during cycle of engine or the wherein circulation of the cylinder of air inlet door operation.In one example, Oil mass in engine cylinder is estimated based on the empirical model described by Fig. 8 B；However, function and/or table described by Fig. 8 B May include from in cycle of engine it is different and the variate-value of the engine for the cylinder being deactivated by being simply turned off inlet valve Variate-value.Method 1000 determines the oil mass in each engine cylinder, and the inlet valve of wherein cylinder is deactivated, and wherein vapour Cylinder is deactivated so that is substantially stopped by the air-flow of cylinder (for example, less than in the idling condition by the air-flow of cylinder 10%).The oil mass in each cylinder is revised in each cycle of engine.After the oil mass during each cylinder is determined, method 1000 advance to 1008.

At 1008, method 1000 prevents from being deactivated containing the oily cylinder for having more than threshold quantity.In other words, if had The cylinder of the inlet valve and exhaust valve (for example, inlet valve and exhaust valve for being remained closed in cycle of engine) that are deactivated contains More than the oil of threshold quantity, then cylinder is reactivated (for example, cylinder air inlet door and exhaust valve beat on and off during cycle of engine Close, and air and fuel burn in the cylinder) so that the oil into cylinder can be restricted.By enabling air inlet door operation Device simultaneously supplies spark and fuel to reactivate cylinder to cylinder.Reactivate containing have more than threshold quantity oily cylinder it Afterwards, method 1000, which advances to, exits.

Referring now to Figure 11, show the method for determining the available cylinder mode for engine.Figure 11 method can be with It is included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.This method is stored as executable in non-transitory memory Instruct and be included.Figure 11 method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, to change hair The mode of operation of motivation or its part.

At 1102, method 1100 assesses the frequent degree of engine cylinder pattern for limitation, to determine cylinder mode Change it is whether too frequent or whether reasonable.If cylinder mode switches too frequent, automotive occupant can be made to know vapour Cylinder patten transformation is that cylinder mode conversion becomes undesirable.Method 1100 according to Figure 12 method assess cylinder mode conversion and Advance to 1106.

At 1106, which cylinder mode is method 1100, which assess, can provide asked engine brake torque amount.Side The method that method 1100 advances to Figure 14, to determine which cylinder mode can provide asked engine brake torque amount. After determining which cylinder mode and can providing asked braking torque amount, method 1100 advances to 1108.

At 1108, method 1100, which is assessed, changes whether cylinder mode can reduce fuel consumption.Method 1100 advances to figure 15 method, to determine to change whether cylinder mode can save fuel.Change whether cylinder mode can save combustion determining After material, method 1100 advances to 1112.

At 1112, method 1100 is assessed for determining that the cam of cylinder mode determines phase (phasing) speed.Cam determines phase Speed is the speed for the position that cam torque actuation phasor changes engine cam relative to the position of engine crankshaft.It is because convex The VVT phase actuator of wheel torque actuation operates by valve spring force, and because disables cylinder valve The reaction force provided by valve spring is provided, so when it is expected high cam phase rate of change, can not expect to use certain A little cylinder modes.Method 1100 is assessed according to Figure 16 method and with the cam phase speed of cylinder mode and can then continued to 1114。

At 1114, method 1100 assesses the different transmission gears for selecting cylinder mode.Method 1100 is according to figure 18 method assesses the different transmission gears for selecting cylinder mode.Assessing the different speed changes for selecting cylinder mode After device gear, method 1100 advances to 1116.

At 1116, method 1100 assesses the towing (towing) and traction (hauling) mould for selecting cylinder mode Formula.Method 1100 assesses towing and the traction mode for selecting cylinder mode according to Figure 20 method.It is used to select assessing After the towing of cylinder mode and traction mode, method 1100 advances to 1118.

At 1118, method 1100 judges whether the alternative condition for selecting cylinder mode.The basis of method 1100 Figure 22 method determines whether there is the condition for determining cylinder mode.It is used to select cylinder mode determining whether to exist Condition after, method 1100 advances to 1120.

At 1120, method 1100 by disable inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve of engine cylinder disable one or Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) is controlled during the condition of multiple cylinders.In addition, when cylinder deactivation, stop to cylinder Fuel delivers and the spark of cylinder is delivered.Method 1100 controls MAP according to Figure 23 method and advances to 1121.

At 1121, method 1100 by enable inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve of engine cylinder enable one or Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) is controlled during the condition of multiple cylinders.In addition, when cylinder enables, enable to cylinder Fuel delivers and the spark of cylinder is delivered.Method 1100 controls MAP according to Figure 25 method and advances to 1122.

At 1122, method 1100 controls engine torque during cylinder mode is changed.Method 1100 is according to Figure 27 A's Method controls engine torque and advances to 1124.

At 1124, method 1100, which controls, is fed to the fuel of engine to change cylinder mode.Method 1100 is according to figure 29 method control is fed to the fuel of engine.After the The fuel stream of engine is led in control, method 1100, which advances to, moves back Go out.

Referring now to Figure 12, show for assessing the method for changing cylinder mode and whether exceeding frequent degree limitation.Figure 12 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 12 method is stored as non-transitory Executable instruction in memory and be included.Figure 12 method can assist with system as described herein hardware and other method Perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 1202, whether the current execution of the determination methods 1200 of method 1200 is from vehicle and engine stop and closes Since method 1200 first time perform.Method 1200 can determine whether the current execution of method 1200 disable for comfortable vehicle (for example, Stop and be not intended to restart immediately) after first time for having enabled since vehicle perform.In one example, method 1200 is sentenced The disconnected value worked as in memory is zero and asks vehicle launch via button or button from driver and this method is not yet performed When, it is current to perform to perform for the first time.If the current execution of the determination methods 1200 of method 1200 has been since engine stop The first time of method 1200 performs, then answer is yes, and method 1200 advances to 1220.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 1200 advance to 1204.

At 1220, method 1200 determines variable PAYBACK_TIME and VDE_BUSY value.Variable PAYBACK_TIME It is to be enough to pay (cover) in cylinder mode or modulated displacement engine (VDE) pattern newly selected from a cylinder mode Or VDE mode is transformed into the time quantum that the fuel cost of next cylinder mode or VDE mode is spent.Fuel cost can be Due to reducing engine torque via spark delay or other some adjustment to control engine torque during patten transformation. Variable V DE_BUSY be as determine cylinder mode or VDE switching whether the basic value to occur higher than expected frequency. The value is updated based on cylinder mode or VDE number of transition and the time quantum spent in cylinder mode or VDE mode. VDE_BUSY is initially set to zero, and PAYBACK_TIME is empirically determined and stores in memory.In an example In, variable PAYBACK_TIME can change according to the cylinder mode and the cylinder mode of entrance that exit.For each cylinder VDE_BUSY variables may be present in pattern, as shown in figure 13.After variate-value is determined, method 1200 advances to 1204.

At 1204, method 1200 judges whether engine exits valve deactivation mode.If one or more vapour The valve of cylinder be activated in cycle of engine (for example, inlet valve from be not switched on and close during cycle of engine turn Opened and closed during changing to cycle of engine), then method 1200 may determine that engine exits valve deactivation mode.Such as Fruit method 1200 judges that engine exits valve deactivation mode, and during cycle of engine at least one cylinder gas Door is just re-enabled, then answer is yes, and method 1200 advances to 1208.Otherwise, answer is no, and before method 1200 Proceed to 1230.

At 1230, method 1200 judges whether engine is being operated with valve deactivation mode.If engine cylinder Inlet valve and/or exhaust valve remain turned-off and do not open and close during cycle of engine, then method 1200 can be sentenced Disconnected engine is operated with valve deactivation mode.If method 1200 judges that engine is operated with valve deactivation mode, Then answer is yes, and method 1200 advances to 1232.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 1200 advances to 1210.

At 1232, the time quantum that method 1200 has the valve in dead status to one or more cylinders is counted Number, to determine that engine is in the time quantum of shutdown mode.Engine can have more than one shutdown mode, and can be true Time in fixed each shutdown mode.For example, eight cylinder engine can disable two cylinders or four cylinders are stopped with providing two Use pattern.First shutdown mode is the situation that two cylinders are deactivated, and the second shutdown mode is that four cylinders are deactivated Situation.Method 1200 determines time quantum and engine of the engine with two cylinders being deactivated with four vapour being deactivated The time quantum of cylinder.After it is determined that one or more engine cylinders are in the time quantum of shutdown mode, method 1200 advances to 1210。

At 1208, method 1200 has the time quantum and PAYBACK_ for the valve being deactivated based on one or more cylinders TIME, it is determined that the time quantum to be added deduct from VDE_BUSY variables.If engine is in the short time relative to PAYBACK_TIME There is the cylinder being deactivated in a kind of pattern in section, then larger numeral is added to VDE_BUSY variables.For example, when eight cylinders When engine is with activity air door operation 4 seconds in four cylinders, when variable PAYBACK_TIME is 20, method 1200 will can be worth 120 are added to VDE_BUSY variables.On the other hand, when eight cylinder engine is with activity air door operation 19 seconds in four cylinders, when When variable PAYBACK_TIME is 20, value 40 can be added to VDE_BUSY variables by method 1200.If eight cylinder engine is with four Activity air door operation in cylinder 45 seconds, then when variable PAYBACK_TIME is 20, value -10 can be added to VDE_ by method 1200 BUSY variables.The value for being added to VDE_BUSY can be the time quantum and PAYBACK_ that engine is spent under cylinder deactivation pattern Poor linearly or nonlinearly function between TIME value.After it have adjusted VDE_BUSY value, method 1200 is advanced To 1210.

At 1210, method 1200 subtracts scheduled volume or value from VDE_BUSY variables.For example, method 1210 can be from VDE_ BUSY variables subtract value 5., can be by VDE_BUSY parameter drivens towards null value by subtracting scheduled volume from VDE_BUSY variables. Variable V DE_BUSY be restricted to more than zero on the occasion of.After scheduled volume is subtracted from VDE_BUSY variables, method 1200 is advanced To 1212.

At 1212, method 1200 judges whether to ask cylinder valve to disable to reduce the number of active cylinders.In response to Relatively low operator demand's moment of torsion or other riving conditions, can ask cylinder valve to disable.If method 1200 judge from work as Preceding cylinder mode or VDE mode request cylinder valve disables, then answer is yes, and method 1200 advances to 1214.Otherwise, answer Case is no, and method 1200 advances to 1240.

At 1240, method 1200 judges whether to ask cylinder valve to reactivate to increase the number (example of active cylinders Such as, if ask the inlet valve of two cylinders to be re-enabled in response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion).Cylinder valve can It is re-enabled to reactivate cylinder.In response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion or other conditions, cylinder can be reactivated. If method 1200 judges request, cylinder valve reactivates, and answer is yes, and method 1200 advances to 1244.Otherwise answer Case is no, and method 1200 advances to 1242.

At 1244, method 1200 authorizes (authorize) to reactivate the cylinder valve and cylinder being deactivated.Cylinder gas Door can be re-enabled via the mechanism shown in Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B or other known mechanism.Reactivate and be deactivated in mandate Cylinder valve after, method 1200, which advances to, to be exited.Valve can be enabled according to Figure 22 method.

At 1242, method 1200 does not authorize the number for enabling or disabling the cylinder valve with being currently activated or being deactivated The cylinder valve of different numbers.In other words, the valve and the number of cylinder enabled maintains its currency.Maintaining to enable After the current number for the cylinder being deactivated, method 1200, which advances to, to be exited.

At 1214, method 1200 has judged whether the time quantum since cylinder valve reactivates request is more than variable VDE_BUSY value.If it is, then answer is yes, and method 1200 advances to 1216.Otherwise, answer is no, and Method 1200 advances to 1242.In this way it is possible to postpone cylinder valve deactivation, until cylinder mode or VDE mode change Between time quantum be more than when cylinder valve disable frequency increase when increase and when cylinder valve disable frequency reduce when The VDE_BUSY of reduction value.

At 1216, method 1200, which authorizes, disables selected cylinder valve to disable selected cylinder.It can also authorize and stop The fuel of cylinder and the spark of cylinder is fed to being fed to.Valve can be disabled according to Figure 22 method.

Referring now to Figure 13, show the power operation order according to Figure 12 method.At time T1300-T1314 Vertical curve represent the time interested in the order.Figure 13 shows six curve maps, and curve map is temporally aligned And occur simultaneously.In this example, cylinder deactivation is made to mean to make at least inlet valves of deactivated of cylinder being deactivated so as to be stopped Inlet valve is maintained at closure state during whole cycle of engine.In some instances, the exhaust for the cylinder being deactivated Door is also deactivated so that exhaust valve is maintained at closure state during the circulation of engine.Fire is not supplied to the cylinder being deactivated Flower and fuel so that do not burnt in the cylinder being deactivated.Alternately, cylinder deactivation can include stopping burning and spray The fuel of cylinder is mapped to, while the valve of cylinder continues to operate.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 13 is curve map of the cylinder deactivation request to the time.Please in response to cylinder deactivation Ask, engine cylinder can be disabled.Vertical axis represents cylinder deactivation request, and horizontal axis represents the time.Time is from figure Left lateral view right side increase.In this example, eight cylinders that engine operates for available four, six or eight active cylinders Engine.Along the requested deactivation of which cylinder of the Digital ID of vertical axis or not requested deactivation.For example, when trace is in 8 Level when, disabled without cylinder is requested.When trace is in 6 level, request disables two cylinders.When trace is in 4 Level when, request disable four cylinders.Cylinder deactivation request can be based on operator demand's moment of torsion or other vehicle conditions. In some examples, the inlet valve of only cylinder is deactivated with cylinder deactivation.In other examples, inlet valve and exhaust valve be deactivated with Cylinder deactivation.If cylinder is deactivated, stop the spark and The fuel stream for leading to cylinder.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 13 is that cylinder enables curve map of the state to the time.Cylinder enables state offer The actual operating state of engine cylinder.Vertical axis represents that cylinder enables state, and horizontal axis represents the time.Along vertically Which cylinder of the Digital ID of axis is activated.For example, when trace is in 8 level, all cylinders are activated.If trace During in 6 level, six cylinders are enabled.When trace is in 4 level, four cylinders are enabled.Horizontal axis represents the time, And the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 13 is the curve map for the time quantum that engine is in the first cylinder mode, at this Six cylinder operations in example.Vertical axis represents the time quantum in the first cylinder mode, and is in the first cylinder mode Time increase on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Side increases.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 13 is the curve map for the time quantum that engine is in the second cylinder mode, at this Four cylinder operations in example.Vertical axis represents the time quantum in the second cylinder mode, and is in the second cylinder mode Time increase on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Side increases.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 13 is the value for the VDE_BUSY variables of the first cylinder valve shutdown mode, Six cylinder operations in this example.Vertical axis represents the value of the VDE_BUSY variables in the first cylinder mode.The value pair The time quantum that Ying Yu has to pass through before it can enter the first cylinder mode after asking the request into the first cylinder mode. Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 13 is the value of the VDE_BUSY variables for the second cylinder mode, in the example In the operation of four cylinders.Vertical axis represents the value of the VDE_BUSY variables in the second cylinder mode.The value, which corresponds to, is asking The time quantum having to pass through can be entered before the second cylinder mode after asking into the request of the second cylinder mode.Horizontal axis The time is represented, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At time T1300, engine operates in the case where all valves and cylinder is activities, is such as enabled by cylinder The value of state is indicated by 8.Do not ask cylinder deactivation request to disable any valve or cylinder, and be in the first cylinder mode Time quantum with the second cylinder mode is zero.The VDE_BUSY variables of the first cylinder mode for making cylinder deactivation are zero.With In the VDE_BUSY variables for the second cylinder mode for making cylinder deactivation be also zero.

At time T1301, cylinder deactivation asks change state to ask the valve of two cylinders of deactivation so that eight cylinders are sent out Motivation is operated with six active cylinders.Cylinder enables state change state, to indicate engine with six active cylinders and two The air door operation of the individual cylinder being deactivated.Because engine is in the first cylinder mode (for example, being operated with six active cylinders), So the time starts to accumulate in the first cylinder mode.Because engine is not with the operation of the second cylinder mode (for example, with four work Dynamic cylinder operation), so there is no accumulated time in the second cylinder mode.Due to engine not yet exit the first cylinder mode or Second cylinder mode, the variable V DE_BUSY for the first cylinder mode and variable V DE_ for the second cylinder mode BUSY is zero.

At time T1302, cylinder deactivation request change state, it is deactivated with request without cylinder valve so that engine Operated as eight cylinder engine.Cylinder enables state change state, to indicate engine with eight active cylinders and not have Operated in the case of the valve being deactivated.Because engine is operating all cylinder valves and grasped as eight cylinder engine Make, so accumulated time stops under the first cylinder mode.Because engine is not operated with the second cylinder mode, second There is no accumulated time under cylinder mode.The duration of the first cylinder mode is in based on engine, for the first cylinder mode VDE_BUSY value increase.

At time T1303, cylinder deactivation request changes state again, and the valve of two cylinders is disabled with request so that Eight cylinder engine is operated with six active cylinders.Because the value for the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder mode is more than variable PAYBACK_TIME (not shown), so cylinder enables state and do not change state.When performing this method every time, due to from first The VDE_BUSY of cylinder mode subtracts predetermined time amount, and the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder mode value reduces.Because engine is not With the operation of the second cylinder mode (for example, being operated with four active cylinders), so there is no accumulated time under the second cylinder mode. Because engine not yet exits the second cylinder mode, for the VDE_BUSY of the second cylinder mode be zero.

At time T1304, the value for the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder mode is equal to or less than variable PAYBACK_ TIME value, therefore cylinder valve is deactivated to provide six cylinder engine operation, such as enables State Transferring to instruction by cylinder Indicated by the level of six cylinder engine operation.Time quantum in the first cylinder mode starts to increase.In the second cylinder mode Time quantum remain zero.Value for the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder valve shutdown mode continues to reduce, and for the The VDE_BUSY of two cylinder valve deactivation modes value remains zero.

At time T1305, the value of cylinder deactivation request is converted back to 8.The value that cylinder enables state is stopped also based on cylinder 8 are converted back with request.Time quantum in the first cylinder mode is small, and the value that thus be accordingly used in the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder mode increases Larger quantities is added.Because engine is not at the second cylinder mode, for the second cylinder mode VDE_BUSY value It is zero.Shortly after that, cylinder deactivation request is converted to value 6, disables the valve in two engine cylinders with request so that start Machine operates as six cylinder engine, so as to combustion air fuel mixture in six cylinders in eight cylinders.However, start Machine is not switched to the operation of six cylinders, indicated by the value as enabled state by cylinder remains 8.Because it is used for the first cylinder mode VDE_BUSY value be more than variable PAYBACK_TIME value (not shown), so engine does not switch to six cylinder patterns and stopped With the valve of two cylinders.

At time T1306, engine is transformed into six cylinder patterns, and the cylinder valve in two of which engine cylinder is stopped To disable two cylinders.Fuel and spark are not provided to two cylinders being deactivated.The value that cylinder enables state is converted to 6, To indicate that engine is run under six cylinder patterns, the cylinder valve in two of which cylinder is deactivated.In the first cylinder mode Time quantum start to increase.Time quantum in the second cylinder mode remains zero.VDE_BUSY for the first cylinder mode Value continue to reduce, and remain zero for the VDE_BUSY value of the second cylinder mode.

At time T1307, cylinder deactivation request is converted to 8, to ask eight active cylinders.Engine is in the first cylinder Operated under pattern time quantum length, be changed to small value for the VDE_BUSY of first mode value.Cylinder enables shape The value of state is converted to 8, to indicate that engine has enabled all eight cylinders and valve.Time quantum in the second cylinder mode is Zero, and be zero for the VDE_BUSY of the second cylinder mode value.

At time T1308, in response to operator demand's moment of torsion (not shown) of reduction, the value conversion of cylinder deactivation request For 6.Almost simultaneously, cylinder enables the value of state and is converted to 6 also based on cylinder deactivation request.Time in the first cylinder mode Amount starts to increase, and the time quantum in the second cylinder mode remains zero.For the first valve deactivation mode and the second gas The VDE_BUSY of door shutdown mode value is zero.

At time T1309, in response to operator demand's moment of torsion (not shown), the value of cylinder deactivation request is converted to 4.Ring Should be in cylinder deactivation value request, the value that cylinder enables state is also converted into 4.Time quantum in the first cylinder mode is converted to Zero, and the value for the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder mode is set to zero.Time quantum in the second cylinder mode starts to increase Add, and null value is remained for the VDE_BUSY values of the second cylinder valve shutdown mode.

At time T1310, increase (not shown) in response to operator demand's moment of torsion, the value of cylinder valve de-activation request turns Gain 6.In response to the value of cylinder deactivation request, the value that cylinder enables state converts back 6.Grasped in response to engine with four cylinder patterns The short amount of time of work, the value increase for the VDE_BUSY of the second cylinder valve shutdown mode.In the first cylinder mode when The area of a room starts to increase, and the time quantum in the second cylinder mode is set into zero.

At time T1311, reduce (not shown) in response to operator demand's moment of torsion, cylinder deactivation request converts back 4.Cause It is more than variable PAYBACK_TIME value (not shown) for the value of the VDE_BUSY for the second cylinder mode, so cylinder enables The value of state remains 6.Time quantum in the first cylinder mode continues to increase, and the time quantum in the second cylinder mode Remain zero.Value for the VDE_BUSY of the first cylinder valve shutdown mode remains zero.

At time T1312, increase (not shown) in response to operator demand's moment of torsion, the value of cylinder deactivation request converts back 6.Based on the value of cylinder deactivation request, the value that cylinder enables state is 6.Time quantum in the first cylinder mode continues to increase, And the time quantum in the second cylinder mode is zero.Because engine is not converted into leaving the second cylinder mode, therefore use Continue to reduce in the VDE_BUSY of the second cylinder mode value.

At time T1313, reduce (not shown) in response to operator demand's moment of torsion, the value of cylinder deactivation request is converted to 4.Because the value for the VDE_BUSY of the second cylinder mode is more than variable PAYBACK_TIME value (not shown), cylinder enables The value of state remains 6.Therefore, even if the value of cylinder deactivation request is 4, the valve of two cylinders is also deactivated.In first The time quantum of cylinder mode continues to increase, and the time quantum in the second cylinder mode remains zero.For the first cylinder mould The VDE_BUSY of formula value remains zero.

At time T1314, in response to PAYBACK_TIME value (not shown), the value of cylinder deactivation request remains 4, And the value that cylinder enables state is converted to 4.Therefore, the valve of four cylinders is deactivated and four cylinders are activated.It is in The time quantum of first cylinder mode is converted to zero, and the VDE_BUSY values for the first cylinder mode are set into zero.In The time quantum of two cylinder modes starts to increase, and continues to reduce for the VDE_BUSY values of the second cylinder mode.

At time T1315, the value of cylinder deactivation request is converted to 8, and all cylinder valves and cylinder are enabled with request.Vapour The value that cylinder enables state is converted to 8, to indicate that all cylinder valves and cylinder are all activated.Time in the second cylinder mode Amount length, therefore the value for being used in the VDE_BUSY of the second cylinder mode diminishes, so as to allow rapid translating to be four cylinder patterns, wherein The cylinder valve of four cylinders is deactivated.

Thus, it can be observed that can be based on preventing from entering relative to the time quantum in cylinder mode of time of payment Various cylinder modes.In addition, cylinder mode is not responsive to cylinder mode conversion frequent degree and is locked.On the contrary, into various Cylinder mode can postpone different time quantums, switch the perception of frequent degree to reduce driver to cylinder mode.

It is used to select for assessing the engine brake torque under available cylinder mode and being used as Referring now to Figure 14, showing Allow to property the basic method of cylinder deactivation.Figure 14 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C. Executable instruction that Figure 14 method is stored as in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 14 method can be with System as described herein hardware and other method cooperation perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 1402, method 1400 determines desired engine torque and present engine rotating speed.Engine speed can be with Determined via engine location or velocity sensor.It is engine that engine travels spent time quantum between the two positions Rotating speed.Desired engine torque can determine according to operator demand's moment of torsion.In one example, operator demand's moment of torsion base In accelerator pedal position and car speed.Accelerator pedal position and car speed index empirically determined operator demand's moment of torsion The table of value.Operator demand's torque value corresponds to the expectation moment of torsion along the opening position of power train.Can be along the position of power train Engine crankshaft, transmission input shaft, transmission output shaft or wheel.If operator demand's moment of torsion is engine torque, Output from table is the engine torque of expectation or demand.Can by based on gearratio, multiple torque device, loss and from The torque capacity of clutch adjusts desired moment of torsion to determine the moment of torsion at the other positions along power train in an opening position.

, can be by the way that (or operator demand's moment of torsion it is expected into car for example, if operator demand's moment of torsion is wheel torque Wheel moment of torsion) gearratio between wheel and engine is multiplied by determine engine torque.In addition, if power train becomes including fluid power Square device, then desired wheel torque can with divided by the fluid torque-converter multiple torque factor determine engine torque.Via clutch The moment of torsion of device transmission can be estimated as multiplier (multiplier).For example, if clutch does not slide, clutch is input to Moment of torsion is equal to the moment of torsion from clutch output, and multiplier value is 1.The moment of torsion for being input to clutch is multiplied by 1 and show that clutch is defeated Go out moment of torsion.If clutch slip, multiplier is from 0 to the value less than 1.Multiplier value can the torque capacity based on clutch. Method 1400 advances to 1404.

At 1404, method 1400 determines that the cylinder mode of desired engine torque can be provided.In one example, Engine indicated torque can be provided, it describes to export according to the maximum engine torque of cylinder mode and engine speed.By the phase The engine torque of prestige is with carrying out comfortable present engine rotating speed, (such as IC Intake Valve Closes are just for atmospheric pressure and cylinder valve timing When) under the valve for engine timing of engine indicated torque that is indexed by cylinder mode and atmospheric pressure compensation export into Row compares.If the torque value of engine indicated torque output adds offset torque more than desired engine torque, correspond to The cylinder mode of the moment of torsion exported by the table can be determined that the cylinder mode for being to provide and it is expected engine torque.It is stored in hair Value in motivation torque meter can arrive controller storage with empirically determined and storage.

One example of engine brake torque table figure 1 illustrates.The table is the engine torsion for four cylinder engine Square table.Engine indicated torque can include the torque output for three cylinder patterns；Pattern with two active cylinders；Have The pattern of three active cylinders and the pattern with four active cylinders.Engine indicated torque can also include multiple engines Rotating speed.Torque value between engine speed can be interpolated.

Table 1：

Table 1.

Therefore, table 1 includes the row of active cylinders pattern and the row of engine speed.In this example, table 1 export using N-m as The torque value of unit.The spark timing of minimum spark (MBT) during by based on from best torque, away from nominal IC Intake Valve Closes The function of IC Intake Valve Closes time of time, engine air-fuel ratio and engine temperature, it can adjust from the output of braking torque table Engine brake torque.Function exports empirically determined multiplier, and it, which is changed from the output of engine brake torque table, starts mechanism Dynamic torque value.By desired engine brake torque compared with the modified values exported from engine brake torque table.Pay attention to, Desired wheel torque can it is expected by the way that desired wheel torque is multiplied by into the gear between wheel and engine to be changed into Engine torque.In addition, determine that engine torque can include changing according to the multiple torque of speed changer fluid torque-converter Wheel torque.Additionally or alternatively, the cylinder mode of different ignition orders or active cylinders is included in cycle of engine Can also be as the basis for indexing and storing the value in engine brake torque table.Method 1400 advances to 1406.

At 1406, the cylinder mode that method 1400 allows to provide desired engine torque is allowed to.The 716 of Fig. 7 Place can enable the cylinder mode of permission.

Use the example of table 1：Table 1 is indexed by engine speed and cylinder mode.Cylinder mode is started with minimum value, It is two in this example, and it is increased up and reaches maximum in-cylinder pattern.For example, if engine is operated simultaneously with 1000RPM And desired engine torque is 54N-m, then table 1 exports values below：Corresponding to 1000RPM and cylinder mode two (for example, two Active cylinders) 48N-m, the 74N-m and correspondingly corresponding to 1000RPM and cylinder mode three (for example, three active cylinders) In 1000RPM and the 96N-m of cylinder mode four (for example, four active cylinders).Because two active cylinders, which lack, provides expectation 74N-m moments of torsion ability, so not allowing the cylinder mode with two active cylinders at 1,000 rpm.Allow have three Individual and four cylinders cylinder mode.In some instances, by plus the desired engine torque of predetermined offset with from table The value of output is compared.If being more than the output from table plus the desired engine torque of predetermined offset, do not permit Perhaps the cylinder mode of table output is corresponded to.Cylinder mode allowing and not allowing can be by storing variate-value in memory To indicate.If for example, allowing three cylinder patterns at 1,000 rpm, correspond to the change of three cylinder patterns in memory at 1,000 rpm Amount can Filling power 1.If not allowing cylinder mode three under 500RPM, cylinder mode is corresponded in memory under 500RPM Three variable can Filling power zero.Method 1400, which advances to, to be exited.

Therefore, engine cylinder pattern and under cylinder mode available engine brake torque can be used for determine hair The basis that motivation is operated with which cylinder mode.Furthermore it is possible to prioritizing selection has the cylinder mode compared with low fuel consumption so that Fuel can be saved.

It is used to select for assessing the engine fuel consumption under available cylinder mode and being used as Referring now to Figure 15, showing Allow to property the basic method of cylinder deactivation.Figure 15 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C. Executable instruction that Figure 15 method is stored as in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 15 method can be with System as described herein hardware and other method cooperation perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 1502, method 1500 determines desired engine torque and present engine rotating speed.Engine speed can be with Determined via engine location or velocity sensor.Method 1500 advances to 1504.

At 1504, method 1500 determines that the cylinder mode of desired engine torque can be provided.In one example, The cylinder mode that desired engine torque can be provided determines as described in Figure 14.

At 1506, method 1500 estimates the fuel consumption under the cylinder mode of permission.The cylinder mode of permission comes from The 1406 of Figure 14.In one example, by the permission from Figure 14 cylinder mode cylinder mode, engine speed and expectation The brake percentage fuel quantity ga(u)ge that is indexed of engine torque or function output brake percentage fuel consumption value.It is stored in brake percentage fuel Value in table can arrive controller storage with empirically determined and storage.By based on the minimum spark from best torque (MBT) spark timing, IC Intake Valve Closes time, engine air-fuel ratio and engine temperature away from the nominal IC Intake Valve Closes time Function, brake percentage fuel consumption value can be adjusted.Function exports empirically determined multiplier, and it changes the brake percentage from table output Fuel consumption value.For the brake percentage fuel value of cylinder mode that each allows from brake percentage fuel under present engine rotating speed Table exports.For example, from the example described at 1406, because three cylinders and four cylinder patterns provide desired engine torque, because The actual number of this active cylinders is 3 and 4.Method 1500 advances to 1508.

At 1508, the cylinder mode of permission of the method 1500 for that can provide asked moment of torsion compares fuel and disappeared Consumption.In one example, can will be consumed by the current engine fuel that current engine fuel flow rate determines and from for allowing Cylinder mode brake percentage fuel quantity ga(u)ge output value be compared.By being subtracted from current engine fuel consumption rate from braking Than the value of fuel quantity ga(u)ge output, the comparison can be performed.Alternately, this can relatively be based on consuming current engine fuel Value divided by the value from the output of brake percentage fuel quantity ga(u)ge.Allow to provide than current cylinder mode and be more than threshold percentage engine fuel warp The cylinder mode that Ji property improves.

Therefore, cylinder mode and the fuel consumption under cylinder mode can be used to determine engine with which cylinder mould The basis of formula operation.Furthermore it is possible to prioritizing selection has the cylinder mode compared with low fuel consumption so that can save fuel.

Determine phase speed for the cam assessed for the adjustment of cam torque actuation cam phase Referring now to Figure 16, showing Method.Figure 16 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 16 method can be used as storage Executable instruction in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 16 method can with system as described herein hardware and Other method cooperation performs, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.It is convex that method 1600 can be directed to each engine Wheel shaft performs.

At 1602, method 1600 determines engine condition.Engine condition can include but is not limited to follow in engine The substantial amt for the cylinder valve being deactivated during ring, engine speed, operator demand's moment of torsion, car speed, engine temperature Degree and environment temperature.It is determined that after operating mode, method 1600 advances to 1604.

At 1604, method 1600 judges whether one or more cylinder valves are deactivated.Method 1600 can be based on depositing The value of the position of storage in memory, the output of the sensor of measurement valve operator position, cylinder pressure sensor or other biographies Sensor judges that one or more cylinders are deactivated.If method 1600 judges that one or more cylinder valves are deactivated, answer Case is yes, and method 1600 advances to 1606.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 1600 advances to 1634.

At 1606, method 1600 judges whether it is expected to adjust relative to the camshaft location of crank position.For example, method 1600 judge whether it is expected camshaft timing is shifted to an earlier date into 5 degree relative to crankshaft timing so that after camshaft location is adjusted, enter Valve or exhaust valve early open 5 bent axle degree.In response to operator demand's moment of torsion and engine speed, cam axle position can be adjusted Put.If operator demand's moment of torsion quickly increases and engine speed quickly increases, can it is expected with higher speed adjust Relative to the camshaft location of crank position so that engine provides the moment of torsion and engine emission of desired amount.In an example In, method 1600 is based on the current camshaft location relative to crank position and operator demand's moment of torsion and engine speed Change to determine whether it is expected camshaft location adjustment.If method 1600 judges it is expected camshaft location adjustment, answer is It is, and method 1600 advances to 1608.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 1600 advances to 1634.In some instances, 1606 can be omitted, and method 1600 can simply advance to 1608.

At 1608, method 1600 determines the expectancy changes speed relative to the camshaft location of crank position.At one In example, rate of change of the method 1600 based on operator demand's moment of torsion determines the expectancy changes speed of camshaft location.If The rate of change of operator demand's moment of torsion is low, then the rate of change relative to the camshaft location of crank position is low.If drive The rate of change of member's demand torque is high, then the rate of change relative to the camshaft location of crank position is high.For example, work as driver When demand torque changes low (for example, 5N-m/ seconds), camshaft can be shifted to an earlier date with 0.5 bent axle degree per second.If however, driver The change of demand torque is high (for example, 200N-m/ seconds), then camshaft can be shifted to an earlier date with 5 bent axle degree per second.In one example, It is empirically determined relative to the expectancy changes speed of the camshaft location of crank position and with table or function storage to storage Device.Table or function are indexed based on the rate of change of operator demand's moment of torsion, the table or function output are relative to bent axle The expectancy changes speed of the camshaft location of position.After the expectancy changes speed of camshaft location is determined, method 1600 Advance to 1610.

At 1610, the active cylinders valve that method 1600 judges to operate at present during cycle of engine (for example, open With the valve of closing) substantial amt whether be enough with desired speed relative to bent axle translating cam axle.In one example, The rate of change of the camshaft location relative to crank position of the substantial amt of table or function description based on active cylinders valve. Table is indexed via the substantial amt of movable valve, and table output is relative to the change of the camshaft location of crank position Speed.Value in table or function is empirically determined and stores in memory.By the output from table or function and 1608 The value that place determines is compared.If the rate of change from 1610 camshaft location is more than from 1608 camshaft location Rate of change, then answer is yes, and method 1600 advances to 1634.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 1600 advances to 1612。

At 1612, method 1600 judges whether camshaft operates both inlet valve and exhaust valve.In one example, such as The value of position in fruit memory is zero, then camshaft is identified as only operating inlet valve by the position.If the value of position is 1, cam Axle operates both inlet valve and exhaust valve.If method 1600 judges camshaft operation inlet valve and exhaust valve, answer be it is yes, And method 1600 advances to 1630.Otherwise answer is no, and method 1600 advances to 1614.

At 1614, method 1600 judges whether camshaft is admission cam shaft.Method 1600 can be based on being stored in The value of position in reservoir judges whether camshaft is admission cam shaft.The position can be programmed during fabrication.If method 1600 judge that camshaft is admission cam shaft, then answer is yes, and method 1600 advances to 1616.Otherwise, answer is no, and And method 1600 advances to 1620.

At 1620, method 1600, which authorizes, enables one or more exhaust valves being deactivated.In one example, 1608 The expectancy changes speed for the exhaust cam shaft position relative to crank position for locating to determine be used for the table of empirical determination or Function is indexed, and the empirical determination description must be operated with offer relative to the exhaust cam shaft position of crank position It is expected the substantial amt of the valve of adjustment speed.The exhaust of the substantial amt from table or function output is asked or authorized to method 1600 The operation of door.In the case where enabling or not enabling the cylinder including the exhaust valve being activated, exhaust valve can be enabled.If drive The increase of the person's of sailing demand torque, then can enable the cylinder with the exhaust valve being activated, to increase engine torque, increase simultaneously Camshaft location changes.If operator demand's moment of torsion reduces, the cylinder with the exhaust valve being activated can not be enabled so that Fuel consumption can be reduced.Method 1600 advances to 1634.

At 1634, the translating cam axle of method 1600 and camshaft movement after for operating mode operation valve.Cam Axle can move when valve is activated, so that camshaft is moved into desired locations as quickly as possible.Its phase is reached in camshaft After the desired locations of crank position, can based on the vehicle condition in addition to the expectancy changes rate of camshaft location come Cylinder deactivation valve.In this way it is possible to reactivate valve, moved relative to crank position with to improve camshaft location Speed.When cylinder valve is re-enabled, engine cylinder can also be re-enabled.Operator demand is based in camshaft Moment of torsion and engine speed are begun to move into after its desired new position, and method 1600, which advances to, to be exited.

At 1616, method 1600, which authorizes, enables one or more inlet valves being deactivated.In one example, 1608 The expectancy changes speed for the admission cam shaft position relative to crank position for locating to determine be used for the table of empirical determination or Function is indexed, and the empirical determination description must be operated with offer relative to the admission cam shaft position of crank position It is expected the substantial amt of the valve of adjustment speed.The air inlet of the substantial amt from table or function output is asked or authorized to method 1600 The operation of door.The cylinder of inlet valve including being activated can be activated, or when inlet valve operates, the cylinder is being sent out Not combustion air and fuel during motivation circulates.In one example, in response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion, have and opened The cylinder of inlet valve combustion air and fuel during cycle of engine.In response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion, tool The cylinder for having the inlet valve being activated can not combustion air and fuel during cycle of engine.As described in Figure 22, it is deactivated Inlet valve can be activated.

In addition, method 1600 can increase the amount of boost provided to engine so that additional boosting can be by again Blow out and be vented from cylinder before the exhaust valve closing of the cylinder enabled.By removing exhaust from cylinder, it is steady that burning can be improved It is qualitative, and cylinder can provide additional power.Furthermore, it is possible to increase the lap between the inlet valve of cylinder and exhaust valve (for example, opening time), further to allow the forced air from inlet manifold to clean the cylinder being activated.In inlet valve After being activated, method 1600 advances to 1634.

At 1630, method 1600 judges if one or more cylinders are re-enabled and in the vapour being re-enabled Burnt in cylinder, whether engine noise, vibration and discomfort (NVH) are less than threshold level.In one example, method The output of 1600 tables or function based on description engine and/or power drive system NVH judges to reactivate to be included in again Whether one or more cylinders of combustion air and fuel, which will produce, in the cylinder enabled is more than desired NVH.The table is via hair Motivation rotating speed, operator demand's moment of torsion and the cylinder mode (for example, four cylinders or six cylinder patterns) that is activated are indexed.The table passes through Empirically determined numerical value is exported by such as microphone or accelerometer.If output valve is less than threshold value, answer is yes, and Method 1600 advances to 1632.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 1600 advances to 1640.

At 1632, method 1600 authorize the valve by enabling cylinder and to cylinder supply fuel, air and spark come Enable one or more cylinders.Cylinder starts combustion air and fuel when being re-enabled.Therefore, if reactivating one Or multiple cylinders produce seldom disagreeable NVH to increase the rate of change of camshaft location, then by reactivating the gas of cylinder Door simultaneously starts burning to reactivate cylinder in the cylinder being re-enabled.Method 1600 advances to 1634.

At 1640, method 1600 authorizes the one or more gas for the cylinder being deactivated for enabling not combustion air and fuel Door.If cylinder includes the inlet valve and exhaust valve being deactivated, cylinder exhaust valve can be only enabled, to improve relative to bent axle The adjustment speed of the camshaft location of position.By only reactivating the exhaust valve of cylinder, cam moment of torsion can be increased, to improve Adjusted relative to the camshaft location of crank position, without making air flow pass through cylinder.Stopping can by the air-flow of cylinder Help to maintain the oxygen that catalyst temperature raises and maintains desired amount in catalyst.If the inlet valve and exhaust valve two of cylinder Person is re-enabled, then after inlet valve and exhaust valve are activated, air may flow through cylinder.Spark and fuel do not supply The cylinder with the valve being re-enabled should be arrived so that NVH can not be deteriorated.Method 1600 advances to 1642.

At 1642, method 1600 increases the fuel quantity for the active cylinders for being delivered to combustion air and fuel, if so as to Air is just flowed through with the cylinder for being authorized to the one or more valves enabled at 1640, then makes what active cylinders burnt Mixture enrichment., can by the mixture enrichment for the active cylinders for making combustion air and fuel when air flow passes through cylinder To maintain the aspiration level of hydrocarbon and oxygen in catalyst so that catalyst can effectively convert exhaust.For example, if eight cylinders start No. eight cylinders of machine are re-enabled its inlet valve and exhaust valve, while No. eight cylinders not combustion air and fuel, then can be with Make the air-fuel ratio enrichment of the No.1 cylinder of combustion air and fuel, to improve or maintain catalyst efficiency.Make at least one vapour After the air-fuel ratio enrichment of cylinder, method 1600 advances to 1634.

Referring now to Figure 17, show the order for operating engine according to Figure 16 method.In time T1700- Vertical curve at T1704 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 17 shows six curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.In this example, engine is the four cylinder engine that ignition order is 1-3-4-2.Cylinder 2 and 3 has There is the deactivation valve operator for disabling cylinder 3 and 4.The valve of cylinder 1 and 4 is always to maintain activity.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 17 is curve map of the camshaft movement request to the time.Camshaft movement request It is the request for changing camshaft relative to the position of crank position.For example, if camshaft has in top dead centre compression travel (example Such as, bent axle zero degree position) before start to open the inlet valve of the No.1 cylinder of engine into the salient angle of 370 bent axle degree, then cam The position of axle can move relative to bent axle so that camshaft lobe starts with 380 bent axle degree before top dead centre compression stroke Open the inlet valve of the No.1 cylinder of engine.Therefore, in this example, the relative position of camshaft carries relative to crank position Preceding 10 bent axle degree.

Vertical axis represents camshaft movement request.When it is expected relative to engine crankshaft locomotor camshaft, Cam movement request trace is in higher level and is judged (assert).Start when undesirable relative to engine crankshaft movement During machine camshaft, cam movement request trace is in reduced levels and is not asserted.Horizontal axis represents time, and time From the right side increase of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 17 is curve map of the camshaft location to the time.Vertical axis represents camshaft Position, and camshaft more shifts to an earlier date on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from figure The right side increase of left lateral view.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 17 is off the curve map of cylinder air inlet door state.In this example, disable Cylinder can be No. two cylinders or No. three cylinders.Whether cylinder deactivation inlet valve state instruction is enabled (for example, in cycle of engine Period open and close) or disable (for example, being remained turned-off during whole cycle of engine) described cylinder deactivation inlet valve. Vertical axis represents the air inlet door state of cylinder deactivation.When trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, disable Cylinder air inlet door is movable.When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, cylinder deactivation inlet valve is deactivated.Water Flat axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 17 is off the curve map of inblock cylinder valve state.In this example, disable Cylinder can be No. two cylinders or No. three cylinders.Whether cylinder deactivation exhaust valve state instruction is enabled (for example, in cycle of engine Period open and close) or disable (for example, being remained turned-off during whole cycle of engine) described cylinder deactivation exhaust valve. Vertical axis represents cylinder deactivation exhaust door state.When trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, vapour is disabled Cylinder exhaust valve is movable.When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, cylinder deactivation exhaust valve is deactivated.It is horizontal Axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 17 is off the curve map of cylinder fuel stream mode.In this example, disable Cylinder can be No. two cylinders or No. three cylinders.Whether cylinder deactivation fuel flow conditions instruction fuel flow to cylinder deactivation.It is perpendicular Straight axis represents cylinder deactivation fuel flow conditions.When cylinder deactivation fuel streak line is in the relatively Gao Shui close to vertical axis arrow Usually, fuel flowing is to cylinder deactivation.When cylinder deactivation fuel streak line is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, fuel It does not flow to cylinder deactivation.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 17 is the curve map of active cylinders fuel air-fuel ratio.In this example, it is movable Cylinder can be No.1 cylinder or No. four cylinders.Vertical axis represents active cylinders air-fuel ratio, and air-fuel ratio is in vertical axis Increase (for example, becoming diluter) on the direction of arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Increase.Horizontal line 1702 represents stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.

At time T1700, move and ask in the absence of camshaft, and camshaft relative delay.Cylinder deactivation inlet valve State instruction cylinder deactivation inlet valve is deactivated (for example, not opened during the circulation of engine).Cylinder deactivation is vented gate-shaped State instruction cylinder deactivation exhaust valve is deactivated (for example, not opened during the circulation of engine).Active cylinders are with stoichiometry Air-fuel ratio operation, and without fuel flowing to cylinder deactivation, such as it is in low-level meaning by cylinder deactivation fuel flow conditions Show.

At time T1701, camshaft movement request is judged cam axle position of the request relative to engine crankshaft position Put change.The request can be initiated by the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion or the change of another operating mode.Relative to engine The rate of change of the engine cam shaft position of crank position (not shown) is more than to be stopped in cylinder deactivation inlet valve and exhaust valve The achievable rate of change in the case of, carry out the motion of actuating cam axle because operating less valve and providing less moment of torsion. Therefore, the inlet valve and exhaust valve of cylinder deactivation are reactivated, is such as turned by cylinder deactivation air inlet door state and exhaust door state Change to higher level with indicate the inlet valve of cylinder deactivation and exhaust valve be re-enabled it is indicated.In addition, fuel flowing arrives Cylinder deactivation, and start to burn in cylinder deactivation (not shown).It is convex when cylinder deactivation inlet valve and exhaust valve are activated Wheel shaft position shifts to an earlier date.The air-fuel ratio of active cylinders is stoichiometry.

At time T1702, camshaft movement request is transformed into the state not being judged.When camshaft reaches its destination When, camshaft movement request, which can be exchanged into, not to be judged.In addition, fuel stops flowing to cylinder deactivation, and in cylinder deactivation Stop burning in (not shown).Camshaft location reaches middle anticipated future position and is maintained at its position.The air-fuel ratio of active cylinders Remain stoichiometry.

At time T1703, cam of the request relative to engine crankshaft position is concluded in camshaft movement request again Shaft position changes.The request can be initiated by the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion or the change of another operating mode.Relative to hair The rate of change of the engine cam shaft position of motivation crank position (not shown) is more than in cylinder deactivation inlet valve and exhaust valve Achievable rate of change in the case of being deactivated, carry out actuating cam axle fortune because operating less valve and providing less moment of torsion It is dynamic.Therefore, the inlet valve and exhaust valve of cylinder deactivation are reactivated, such as passes through cylinder deactivation air inlet door state and exhaust door state Be transformed into higher level with indicate the inlet valve of cylinder deactivation and exhaust valve be re-enabled it is indicated.Lead to cylinder deactivation The fuel stream keeps stopping.In this example, burning is no longer initiated again in cylinder deactivation, because expection reactivates deactivation vapour Cylinder, which will produce, is more than desired level of NVH.When cylinder deactivation inlet valve and exhaust valve are activated, camshaft location shifts to an earlier date.It is living The air-fuel ratio of dynamic cylinder is by enrichment so that when the exhaust from the enrichment for enabling cylinder is met with the oxygen from cylinder deactivation When, the exhaust of stoichiometry is provided to catalyst.

At time T1704, camshaft movement request is transformed into the state not being judged.When camshaft reaches its destination When, camshaft movement request, which can be exchanged into, not to be judged.In addition, the inlet valve and exhaust valve of cylinder deactivation are deactivated, such as pass through Indicated by cylinder deactivation air inlet door state and exhaust door state.Camshaft location reaches complete anticipated future position and maintains its position Put.By making the air fuel mixture of cylinder deactivation thinning, the air-fuel ratio of active cylinders converts back the air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry.

By this way, the cylinder air inlet door and exhaust valve being deactivated can be re-enabled, with convex to engine Wheel shaft provides faster position adjustment.In addition, no matter air or exhaust stream are from cylinder deactivation, can be provided to catalyst The exhaust of stoichiometry is to maintain catalyst efficiency.

Referring now to Figure 18, show for judging whether make what transmission gear was shifted gears when assessing cylinder mode change Method.Figure 18 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 18 method is stored as Executable instruction in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 18 method can be with system as described herein hardware and its He performs in method cooperation, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 1802, method 1800 determines desired wheel torque.In one example, based on accelerator pedal position and Car speed determines desired wheel torque.For example, accelerator pedal position and wheel velocity are to exporting desired wheel torque Table is indexed.Value in table can be with empirically determined and storage into controller storage.In other examples, accelerator Pedal position and car speed can be to exporting desired engine brake torque or in the another location of power train (for example, becoming Fast device input shaft) table of moment of torsion at place is indexed.Output from the table is multiplied by between same level (for example, engine) Gearratio, fluid torque-converter multiplication and driveline torque loss, to estimate desired wheel torque.Method 1800 advances to 1804。

At 1804, method 1800 determines the transmission gear currently selected.Method 1800 can store via controller The value of position in device determines the transmission gear currently selected.For example, range of variables in memory can from value 1 to Value 10, the gearratio that this instruction currently selects.Method 1800 advances to 1806.

At 1806, method 1800 estimates that the cylinder mould of desired wheel torque can be provided in current variator gear Engine fuel consumption under formula.Method 1800 determines the engine braking in current variator gear according to Figure 15 method Specific fuel consumption.Method 1800 advances to 1808.

At 1808, method 1800 estimates that in next higher transmission gear desired wheel torque can be provided Engine fuel consumption under cylinder mode.For example, if speed changer is currently in third gear position, it is determined that is in speed changer The engine fuel consumption of equivalent wheel torque is provided in the case of fourth gear position.In one example, method 1800 is true as follows Engine braking specific fuel consumption in fixed next higher transmission gear：Current vehicle speed divided by including next higher Gearratio between the engine and wheel of transmission gear, to estimate that the engine in next higher transmission gear turns Speed.The currently gearratio between wheel torque divided by engine and wheel, it is used for estimation in next higher transmission gear The middle engine torque that equivalent wheel torque is provided.If there is fluid torque-converter, then the gearratio between engine and wheel The compensation of fluid torque-converter can also be obtained.By using equivalent in next offer compared with high gear and current wheel torque Wheel torque engine torque estimation, method 1800 according to Figure 14 method determine in next higher transmission gear In the cylinder mode of desired wheel torque can be provided.Pay attention to, current wheel torque can be desired wheel torque.Then such as The engine fuel consumption of estimation is determined as described in the description of Figure 15 method.Method 1800 advances to 1810.

At 1810, method 1800 estimates that in next relatively low transmission gear desired wheel torque can be provided Engine fuel consumption under cylinder mode.For example, if speed changer is currently in third gear position, it is determined that is in speed changer The engine fuel consumption of equivalent wheel torque is provided in the case of the second gear.In one example, method 1800 is true as follows Engine braking specific fuel consumption in fixed next relatively low transmission gear：Current vehicle speed divided by including next relatively low Gearratio between the engine and wheel of transmission gear, to estimate that the engine in next relatively low transmission gear turns Speed.The currently gearratio between wheel torque divided by engine and wheel, it is used for estimation in next relatively low transmission gear The middle engine torque that equivalent wheel torque is provided.If there is fluid torque-converter, then the gearratio between engine and wheel The compensation of fluid torque-converter can also be obtained.By using equivalent in next offer compared with low gear and current wheel torque Wheel torque engine torque estimation, method 1800 according to Figure 14 method determine in next relatively low transmission gear In the cylinder mode of desired wheel torque can be provided.Pay attention to, current wheel torque can be desired wheel torque.Then such as The engine fuel consumption of estimation is determined as described in the description of Figure 15 method.Method 1800 advances to 1812.

In some instances, method 1800 estimates that the desired wheel torque of all transmission gears offers can be directed to Engine fuel consumption under cylinder mode.For example, if speed changer is currently at third gear position, and speed changer includes five Forward gear, it is determined that the engine fuel that equivalent wheel torque is provided in the case where speed changer is in gear 1,2,4 and 5 disappears Consumption.In this way it is possible to select the greatest improvement of whichever gear offer vehicle fuel economy.

At 1812, method 1800 allows to enable transmission gear and cylinder mode, with current cylinder mode and speed changer Gear is compared, and the engine fuel consumption that the transmission gear and cylinder mode provide more than threshold percentage is reduced.One In individual example, the engine cylinder mould of desired engine torque or wheel torque is provided in next higher transmission gear Brake percentage engine fuel consumption under formula divided by the brake percentage under current cylinder mode and in current variator gear are started Machine fuel consumption.If result is more than threshold value, permission provides desired engine in next higher transmission gear and turned round The engine cylinder pattern of square or wheel torque.Similarly, desired start will be provided in next relatively low transmission gear Engine fuel consumption under the engine cylinder pattern of machine moment of torsion or wheel torque with current cylinder mode and current change Engine fuel consumption in fast device gear is compared.If result is more than threshold value, allow in next relatively low speed changer The engine cylinder pattern of desired engine torque or wheel torque is provided in gear.In addition, method 1800 may be required in Expection noise level and expected level of vibration in new gear (for example, gear more high or low than current variator gear gear) is small In noise and the threshold value of vibration.Noise and level of vibration can be assessed as described by Figure 22.In addition, if combustion knock Sensor or other sensors detect the engine luggine more than threshold value after transmission gear is changed, then speed changer can be with Gearshift returns to its previous shifting state.

Referring now to Figure 19, show the order for operating engine according to Figure 18 method.In time T1900- Vertical curve at T1905 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 19 shows four curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.In this example, vehicle maintains constant speed, and the wheel torque asked changes to maintain Constant car speed.The vehicle has four cylinder engine.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 19 is curve map of the asked wheel torque to the time.In an example In, the wheel torque asked is based on accelerator pedal position and car speed.The wheel torque asked is in vertical axis arrow Increase on the direction of head.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 19 is curve map of the transmission gear to the time of activity.Vertical axis represents The transmission gear of current active, and indicate transmission gear along vertical axis.Horizontal axis represent the time, and the time from The right side increase of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 19 is curve map of the substantial amt to the time of the engine cylinder of activity.Edge Vertical axis lists the substantial amt of the engine cylinder of activity.Horizontal axis represent the time, and the time from the left side of figure to The right side increase of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 19 is curve map of the engine fuel consumption to the time of estimation.Vertical axis The engine fuel consumption of estimation is represented, and the engine fuel consumption estimated increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow. Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.Trace 1902 represents engine in speed changer The engine fuel consumption operated in the case of the third gear position.Trace 1904 represents that engine is in second gear in speed changer The engine fuel consumption operated in the case of position.

At time T1900, the wheel torque asked is relatively low by-level, and speed changer is in third gear Position.The substantial amt of the engine cylinder of activity is 2, and the engine fuel consumption estimated is by-level.

Between time T1900 and time T1901, the wheel torque asked gradually increases.Movable or current change Fast device gear is third gear position, and the substantial amt of the engine cylinder of activity is 2.For with second gear bit manipulation engine The engine fuel consumption of estimation be more than and be used to consume with the engine fuel of the estimation of third gear bit manipulation engine.

At time T1901, wheel torque has been added to be used to operate hair wherein when speed changer is in the second gear The engine fuel consumption of the estimation of motivation is less than when speed changer is in third gear position for the combustion for the estimation for operating engine Expect the value of consumption.Therefore, speed changer by downshift to improve vehicle fuel efficiency.The number of active cylinders remains value 2, and estimates The fuel consumption of meter increases and increased with the wheel torque asked.

At T1902, in response to the increase for the wheel torque asked, the number of active cylinders increases to three from two It is individual.The wheel torque and engine fuel consumption asked continue to increase.Speed changer keeps being in the second gear.

At T1903, in response to the increase for the wheel torque asked, the number of active cylinders increases to four from three It is individual.The wheel torque and engine fuel consumption asked continue to increase.When the wheel torque increase asked, speed changer Holding is in the second gear.

At time T1904, the wheel torque asked reduces, and it has already decreased to and is wherein used for the 3rd The engine fuel consumption of the estimation of gear operation vehicle is less than for being disappeared with the fuel of the estimation of second gear bit manipulation vehicle The level of consumption.Therefore, TR is changed into third gear position.In response to the wheel torque asked of reduction, active cylinders Substantial amt is also reduced.

At 1904, the substantial amt that the wheel torque asked has been lowered to active cylinders is reduced to two from three It is horizontal.Speed changer keeps being in third gear position, and engine fuel consumption the subtracting with the engine torque asked estimated It is small and reduce.

Referring now to Figure 20, show for assessing the towing/traction mode for being used for selecting cylinder mode or VDE mode Method.Figure 20 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 20 method is stored as Executable instruction in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 20 method can be with system as described herein hardware and its He performs in method cooperation, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

It can more it is expected to be trapped in inlet valve and exhaust valve closing and air or exhaust during cycle of engine Cylinder is operated in the case of in cylinder, because because the air of capture or exhaust provide the function of spring-like so as to reducing cylinder Braking torque, vehicle can slide longer time amount.In addition, closing inlet valve and exhaust valve are limited and led in gas extraction system Catalyst air-flow so that need not by excess fuel be added to engine exhaust with oxygen excessive in spent catalyst. However, during towing/traction mode and descending pattern, it may be desirable to the cylinder braking torque of higher level is provided, therefore can the phase Hope and open and close inlet valve and exhaust valve.

At 2002, method 2000 judges whether engine is in or whether should be in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern. In deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, one or more engine cylinders can be disabled by stopping leading to the The fuel stream of cylinder.Separately Outside, when engine turns over cycle of engine, the inlet valve or inlet valve for making to be deactivated cylinder in the close position are passed through Disabled with exhaust valve, the gas stream by one or more cylinders can be stopped.Therefore, the cylinder being deactivated not combustion air and Fuel.In one example, when operator demand is reduced to lower value from high value and car speed is more than threshold velocity, Method 2000 judges that engine should be in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Slow down if method 2000 judges that engine should be in Fuel cut-off mode, then answer is yes, and method 2000 advances to 2004.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2000 is advanced To 2020.

At 2020, method 2000 operates all engine cylinders, and all cylinder valves are activated.In addition, All engine cylinder combustion airs and fuel mixture.Alternately, if operator torque demands are low, can enable All or fewer than engine cylinder.After cylinder is activated, method 2000, which advances to, to be exited.

At 2004, whether method 2000 judges vehicle in towing or traction mode.In one example, method 2000 Judge that vehicle is in towing or traction mode based on the variable in button, the mode of operation or memory that switch.If method 2000 judge that vehicle is in towing or traction mode, then answer is yes, and method 2000 advances to 2006.Otherwise, answer is It is no, and method 2000 advances to 2030.

When vehicle is not at towing or traction mode, vehicle can have according to the first gearshift plan (for example, speed changer changes Gear is based on operator demand's moment of torsion and car speed) speed changer shifted gears.Under towing or traction mode, the change of vehicle Fast device is shifted gears according to the second gearshift plan.Second gearshift plan can plan higher operator demand than the first gearshift Upshift under moment of torsion and car speed.Second gearshift plan can under higher car speed downshift, with increase power train braking.

At 2006, method 2000 determines the desired engine brake torque amount of the cylinder of not combustion air and fuel. In one example, it may be desired to engine brake torque amount can be with empirically determined and be input to table or function.Table or function It can be indexed via operator demand's moment of torsion, car speed and transmission gear.The table exports desired engine braking Moment of torsion (for example, engine is supplied to power train so that the negative torque that vehicle transmission system slows down).It is determined that desired start mechanism After dynamic torque, method 2000 advances to 2008.

At 2008, method 2000 makes transmission gear shift gears according to the second gear gearshift plan.For example, more than 50N- Under m operator demand's moment of torsion and 16KPH car speed, speed changer can be from the first gear upshift to the second gear.Second Transmission gear gearshift is planned planning higher engine speed and Geng Gao car speed than the gearshift of the first transmission gear Under make transmission gear upshift.The gearshift plan of second transmission gear is also in the engine higher than the first shift of transmission plan Make transmission gear downshift under rotating speed and Geng Gao car speed, it is additional to be provided compared with the gearshift plan of the first transmission gear Engine braking.The gearshift of second transmission gear is planned planning lower engine speed than the gearshift of the 3rd transmission gear Make transmission gear upshift under lower car speed.The gearshift of second transmission gear is planned than the 3rd shift of transmission meter Draw makes transmission gear downshift under lower engine speed and lower car speed, in terms of being shifted gears with the 3rd transmission gear Draw the engine braking less compared to offer.After transmission gear is shifted gears according to the second shift of transmission plan, method 2000 advance to 2010.

At 2010, method 2000 determines the cylinder deactivation pattern for the cylinder being each deactivated, to realize via being deactivated Cylinder provide desired engine brake torque.Pay attention to, cylinder deactivation pattern is different from cylinder mode.Cylinder deactivation pattern How the valve for limiting the cylinder being deactivated operates, and cylinder mode limits the substantial amt of active cylinders and the cylinder of activity. In one example, there is the inlet valve opened and closed during cycle of engine and exhaust valve without fuel injection (example Such as, the first cylinder deactivation pattern) and burning cylinder be allocated the first braking torque.With being remained turned-off in cycle of engine Inlet valve and the exhaust valve that is opened and closed in cycle of engine without fuel injection (for example, the second cylinder deactivation mould Formula) cylinder be allocated the second braking torque.With the inlet valve and exhaust valve remained turned-off in cycle of engine without The cylinder of fuel injection (for example, the 3rd cylinder deactivation pattern) is allocated the 3rd braking torque.First braking torque is more than second Braking torque, and the second braking torque is more than the 3rd braking torque.Therefore, engine cylinder can be in three kinds of different cylinders Three kinds of horizontal braking torques are provided under shutdown mode, and by producing levels operation difference cylinder with different braking torques Desired braking torque can be provided.

Furthermore it is possible to adjusted by adjusting IC Intake Valve Closes timing for each in three cylinder deactivation patterns The brake torque value of distribution.For example, the brake torque value of distribution can be increased by retarded admission door closure timings.It is similar Ground, the brake torque value of distribution can be reduced by preadmission door closure timings.In one example, closed via inlet valve The valve timing penalty function output for closing timing index is multiplied by the first braking torque of distribution, the second braking torque distributed and divided The value for the 3rd braking torque matched somebody with somebody, mended with providing the valve timing for being used for determining to be provided by the cylinder in different cylinder modes The cylinder brake torque value of the valve timing compensation for the brake torque value repaid.In addition, the atmospheric pressure indexed by atmospheric pressure The value of the brake torque value of valve timing compensation is multiplied by penalty function output, to provide by the vapour in different cylinder deactivation patterns The atmospheric pressure and the brake torque value of valve timing compensation that cylinder is provided.Atmospheric pressure can be based on and desired start mechanism Inlet valve timing and exhaust valve timing of the dynamic torque adjustment for each cylinder deactivation pattern, to increased or decrease by three cylinders The braking torque that shutdown mode provides.For example, if atmospheric pressure reduces and the increase of desired braking torque, in three vapour Inlet valve timing in each in cylinder shutdown mode can postpone, to compensate relatively low atmospheric pressure and higher desired Braking torque.

In one example, method 2000 according to desired engine brake torque and each cylinder in different operation modes The amount of the valve timing of lower offer and the braking torque of atmospheric pressure compensation determines the air door operation of engine cylinder.For example, For the four cylinder engine that desired engine brake torque is 2.5N-m, the shutdown mode of each cylinder is based on cylinder above-mentioned The valve timing provided under three kinds of different cylinder deactivation patterns and the braking torque of atmospheric pressure compensation.If cylinder is first 0.25N-m braking torque is provided under cylinder deactivation pattern, 0.5N-m braking torque is provided under the second cylinder deactivation pattern, And 1N-m braking torque is provided under the 3rd cylinder deactivation pattern, then four cylinder engine is used and is in the 3rd cylinder deactivation pattern Two cylinders and in the first cylinder deactivation pattern two cylinders operation.

The engine braking of all engine cylinders operated under the first cylinder deactivation pattern is assessed by method 2000 Moment of torsion, it may be determined that for the cylinder deactivation pattern of each cylinder.If it is in the first cylinder for operating wherein all cylinders The engine brake torque of the engine of shutdown mode is more than or equal to desired engine brake torque, then allows all hairs Engine cylinder operates under the first cylinder deactivation pattern, under the first cylinder deactivation pattern, when engine is in the cycle of engine phase Between when rotating, inlet valve and exhaust valve remain turned-off.If it is in the first cylinder deactivation pattern for operating wherein all cylinders The engine brake torque of engine be less than desired engine brake torque, it is determined that for operating at one of cylinder The engine brake torque of the engine of the first cylinder deactivation pattern is in the second cylinder deactivation pattern and three cylinders.Such as For operating, one of cylinder is in the second cylinder deactivation pattern to fruit and three cylinders are in the first cylinder deactivation pattern The engine brake torque of engine is more than or equal to desired engine brake torque, then authorizes a cylinder in the second cylinder Operated under shutdown mode, and authorize three cylinders to be operated under the first cylinder deactivation pattern.Otherwise, it determines for operating wherein Two cylinders are in the second cylinder deactivation pattern and two cylinders be in the first cylinder deactivation pattern engine engine Moment of torsion.By this way, one by one, the cylinder deactivation pattern of each cylinder can increase to from the first cylinder deactivation pattern 3rd cylinder deactivation pattern, until it is determined that providing the engine cylinder shutdown mode of desired engine brake torque.

If vehicle is not at towing/traction mode or descending pattern, can be identified as being in fuel under deceleration conditions Economy mode.It is thus possible to increase inlet valve and exhaust valve are remained turned-off and not burnt wherein during cycle of engine The actual number of the engine cylinder of air and fuel, to improve vehicle sliding time and fuel economy.For example, in engine In the case that inlet valve and exhaust valve remain turned-off during circulation, all engine cylinders can be ordered.Method 2000 is advanced To 2050.

At 2050, method 2000 authorizes the deactivation for disabling engine cylinder and its providing desired engine brake torque Pattern.According to cylinder deactivation pattern, valve is authorized to enable or disable, and fuel is not injected into cylinder, therefore in subtracting Burning is not present in the cylinder of fast fuel cut-off mode.

At 2030, method 2000 judges whether vehicle is in descending pattern.In one example, method 2000 is based on pressing Variable in button, the mode of operation or memory that switch judges that vehicle is in descending pattern.If method 2000 is judged at vehicle In descending pattern, then answer is yes, and method 2000 advances to 2032.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2000 advances to 2040。

In one example, when by controlling in descending pattern via negative torque caused by engine and vehicle brake During without applying accelerator pedal, vehicle, which is controlled to, asks or desired speed.By relief accelerator pedal, vehicle can Into descending pattern.In addition, by adjusting engine valve timing, engine braking is can control in descending pattern.Furthermore can Transmission gear is set to shift gears, to provide desired braking at wheel via engine.

At 2032, method 2000 determines the desired engine brake torque for the cylinder of not combustion air and fuel Amount.In one example, it may be desired to engine brake torque amount can be with empirically determined and be input to table or function.Table or letter Number can be and different from the table of towing/traction mode or function specific to descending pattern.Table or function can need via driver Moment of torsion, car speed and transmission gear is asked to be indexed.The table exports desired engine brake torque (for example, engine Power train is supplied to so that the negative torque that vehicle transmission system slows down).It is determined that after desired engine brake torque, method 2000 advance to 2034.

At 2034, method 2000 makes transmission gear shift gears according to the gearshift plan of third gear position.3rd transmission gear Gearshift plan than the first transmission gear gearshift plan and the gearshift of the second transmission gear plan higher engine speed with Make transmission gear upshift under higher car speed.The gearshift plan of 3rd transmission gear is also than the first shift of transmission meter Draw and the higher engine speed of the second shift of transmission plan and Geng Gao car speed under make transmission gear downshift, with First transmission gear gearshift plan is compared with the gearshift plan of the second transmission gear and provides additional engine braking.In basis After 3rd shift of transmission plan makes transmission gear gearshift, method 2000 advances to 2010.

At 2040, method 2000 determines the desired engine brake torque for the cylinder of not combustion air and fuel Amount.In one example, it may be desired to engine brake torque amount can be with empirically determined and be input to table or function.Table or letter Number can be specific to fuel cut-off mode, and it is not a part for towing/traction mode or descending pattern.Table or function can be via Operator demand's moment of torsion, car speed and transmission gear are indexed.The table exports desired engine brake torque (example Such as, engine is supplied to power train so that the negative torque that vehicle transmission system slows down).It is determined that desired engine brake torque it Afterwards, method 2000 advances to 2042.

At 2042, method 2000 makes transmission gear shift gears according to the first gear gearshift plan.First transmission gear Gearshift plan than the second transmission gear gearshift plan and the gearshift of the 3rd transmission gear plan lower engine speed with Make transmission gear upshift under lower car speed.The gearshift plan of first transmission gear is also than the second shift of transmission meter Draw and the lower engine speed of the 3rd shift of transmission plan and lower car speed under make transmission gear downshift, with Second transmission gear gearshift plan is compared with the gearshift plan of the 3rd transmission gear and provides less engine braking.In basis After first shift of transmission plan makes transmission gear gearshift, method 2000 advances to 2010.

By this way, cylinder can operate in different modes, and in different modes, valve can be activated or stop With to control engine braking when stopping and leading to the The fuel stream of engine cylinder.Different cylinders can be in different patterns Lower operation, to provide desired engine brake torque.

With reference now to Figure 21, the order for operating engine according to Figure 20 method is shown.In time T2100- Vertical curve at T2108 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 21 shows six curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 21 is curve map of the deceleration fuel cutoff state to the time.Vertical axis represents Deceleration fuel cutoff state.When trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, engine is cut in deceleration fuel Disconnected pattern.When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, engine is not at deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Trunnion axis Line represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 21 is curve map of the descending mode state to the time.Vertical axis represents descending Mode state, and when trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, vehicle is in descending pattern.At trace When close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, vehicle is not at descending pattern.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from figure The right side increase of left lateral view.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 21 is curve map of the towing/traction mode state to the time.Vertical axis table Show towing/traction mode state, and when trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, vehicle be in towing/ Traction mode.When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, vehicle is not at towing/traction mode.Horizontal axis The time is represented, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 21 is curve map of the transmission gear to the time.Vertical axis represents speed changer Gear, and indicate transmission gear along vertical axis.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Side increases.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 21 is curve map of the cylinder poppet state to the time.Vertical axis represents vapour Cylinder poppet state.Poppet state can be movable (for example, poppet opens and closes during cycle of engine), stop (PA) of (for example, poppet does not open and close during cycle of engine), piecemeal activity in engine (for example, follow Inlet valve remains turned-off during ring and exhaust valve opens and closes in cycle of engine).Horizontal axis represents the time, and Time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 21 is curve map of the fuel-injection condition to the time.Vertical axis represents fuel Spray regime, and when trace is close to vertical axis arrow, fuel injection is activated.When trace is close to horizontal axis, combustion Material injection is deactivated.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At the time 2100, because poppet is activity and does not indicate deceleration fuel cutoff, so engine cylinder It is movable, and when engine rotation and combustion air and fuel, cylinder valve opens and closes in cycle of engine. Vehicle is not at descending pattern, not also in towing/traction mode.The speed changer of vehicle is in third gear position, and all Cylinder poppet is all movable (for example, being opened and closed in cycle of engine).Fuel injection is movable, and fuel It is supplied to engine cylinder.

At 2101, engine enters deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.In response to low operator demand's moment of torsion and car speed More than threshold value, engine can enter deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Vehicle is not at descending pattern, not also in towing/traction mould Formula.The speed changer of vehicle is in third gear position, and all cylinder poppets are all deactivated (for example, in cycle of engine Do not open and close).Cylinder poppet is deactivated so that engine cylinder is in response to the low engine brake torque asked (not shown) and be in the 3rd cylinder deactivation pattern.In addition, exhaust or fresh air are captured in the cylinder so that on piston Spring effect be present.The inlet valve and exhaust valve of closing reduce engine pumping losses, and can extend the distance of vehicle sliding.Close The inlet valve and exhaust valve for closing engine can also prevent engine that fresh air is pumped into the gas extraction system of engine Catalyst so that catalyst is cooled unlike fresh air flow to catalyst.In addition, the oxygen stored in catalyst Amount does not increase so that if engine cylinder recovers burning, catalyst efficiency can be high.To the fuel of engine cylinder Injection also stops so that burning is not present in engine cylinder.

At the time 2102, then engine exits deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, and the poppet of cylinder is opened again With as indicated by by poppet state trace.Fuel injection is also re-enabled, and starts to fire in engine cylinder Burn.Engine can be less than threshold value in response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion or car speed and exit deceleration fuel cutoff. Vehicle is not at descending pattern, not also in towing/traction mode.The speed changer of vehicle is in third gear position.

At the time 2103, vehicle enters descending pattern.Vehicle can apply button by driver or other inputs fill Put and enter descending pattern.Vehicle is not at deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, and is not at towing/traction mode.The change of vehicle Fast device is in third gear position, and the poppet of cylinder is movable.Fuel is also ejected into engine cylinder, and engine fires Burn air and fuel.

At the time 2104, engine enters deceleration fuel cutoff pattern when in descending pattern.Vehicle is not at dragging / traction mode is draged, and speed changer is in third gear position.When engine rotates, in response to the engine braking of by-level Torque request, the lifting valve portion of cylinder, which disables, (for example, inlet valve remains turned-off during cycle of engine, and to be started Exhaust valve opens and closes during machine circulates).When engine brake torque is in by-level, engine cylinder is in second Cylinder deactivation pattern.However, if vehicle, to accelerate than desired higher speed, engine cylinder can enter the first mould Formula.Similarly, if vehicle will quickly slow down than desired, engine cylinder can enter the 3rd cylinder deactivation pattern. Fuel injection is deactivated so that burning is not present in engine cylinder.

At the time 2105, it is less than threshold velocity (not shown) in response to increase operator demand's moment of torsion or car speed, Vehicle exits deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Vehicle keeps being in descending pattern, and speed changer is in third gear position.Vehicle is not located In towing/traction mode, and cylinder poppet is re-enabled.The fuel injection of engine cylinder is also re-enabled, So that engine cylinder recovers combustion air and fuel.

Between time 2105 and time 2106, vehicle exits descending pattern.Driver can be by vehicle or starting Machine controller applies input to ask to exit descending pattern.Other engine/vehicle states keep being in its previous level.

At the time 2106, vehicle enters towing/traction mode.Vehicle can be applied to vehicle or be started by driver Machine controller provides the button inputted or switch to enter towing/traction mode.Other engine/vehicle states keep being in it Previous level.

At the time 2107, exceed threshold velocity, engine in response to low operator demand's moment of torsion and car speed Into deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Vehicle is also at towing/traction mode.After deceleration fuel cutoff pattern is entered soon, The speed changer of vehicle is with regard to downshift to the second gear, to increase engine braking by increasing engine speed (not shown).Ring (not shown), all engine cylinder poppet holding activities should be asked in the engine brake torque of higher level.Stop To the fuel injection of engine cylinder, and when engine rotates, engine not combustion air and fuel.In engine throttle (not shown) operates all cylinder valve increase engine pumping losses and engine brake torque when door is closed.

At 2108, increase or engine speed in response to operator demand's moment of torsion drop below threshold value, and vehicle moves back Go out deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Vehicle keeps being in towing/traction mode, and cylinder poppet continues to be activated.

In this way it is possible to change engine braking using the cylinder mode for operating cylinder poppet by different way Moment of torsion so that desired engine brake torque can be provided by the engine of vehicle.In addition, some engine cylinders can be located In first operator scheme, and other engine cylinders are in second operator scheme or the 3rd operator scheme so that can provide the phase The engine brake torque of prestige.

With reference now to Figure 22, the method for selecting cylinder mode from available cylinder mode is shown.Figure 22 method It can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 22 method is stored as in non-transitory memory Executable instruction and be included.Figure 22 method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, To change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 2202, method 2200 judges whether the primary condition for the cylinder mode for allowing cylinder to be deactivated.Base This condition can include but is not limited to engine temperature and be more than threshold value, and exhaust aftertreatment temperature is more than threshold value, battery charge state It is more than threshold value more than threshold value, and engine speed.Method 2200 verifies the condition by monitoring various system sensors It whether there is.If method 2200 judges the primary condition operated for cylinder deactivation or modulated displacement engine be present, answer Case is yes, and method 2200 advances to 2204.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2200 advances to 2220.

At 2220, it is all activity and combustion air and fuel that method 2200, which asks all engine cylinders,.Sending out During motivation circulates, the inlet valve and exhaust valve of the cylinder being activated open and close so that air and combustion product flowing are logical Cross the cylinder being activated.Spark and fuel are also activated so that fuel air mixture burns in the cylinder being activated.Method 2200 advance to and exit.

At 2204, method 2200 estimates noise, vibration and the discomfort (NVH) under available cylinder mode.One In individual example, psophometer output is horizontal for the empirically determined expection audible noise of engine/vehicle.Psophometer is via activity Substantial amt, engine speed and the engine torque of engine cylinder be indexed.Vibrometer output is directed to engine/car Empirically determined expection audible noise it is horizontal.Vibrometer is carried out via cylinder mode, engine speed and engine torque Index.For present engine rotating speed, transmission gear gearshift after engine speed, current driver's demand torque and Operator demand's torque output noise and vibration values after shift of transmission.In addition, method 2200 can be by vibrating sensor The output of (for example, engine knock sensors) and audible sensor cannot be provided compared with threshold level with eliminating The noise of aspiration level and the current movable cylinder deactivation pattern of vibration.Method 2200 advances to 2206.

At 2206, method 2200 assesses noise from noise and vibrometer and vibration exports, if the expection of table output is made an uproar Sound is horizontal to exceed threshold value or if the expection level of vibration of table output exceedes threshold value, then disappears from currently available cylinder mode Except the cylinder mode for providing expected noise and vibration.If for example, under the 2000RPM with two active cylinders Operated under two cylinder modes the expection engine noise of four cylinder engine current driver's demand torque or shift of transmission it Exceed threshold value under operator demand's moment of torsion afterwards, then the second vapour under 2000RPM is eliminated from the list of available cylinder mode Cylinder pattern.

Alternatively or additionally, method 2200 can be by noise and vibrating sensor output compared with threshold level. If engine noise exceedes threshold value under the cylinder mode currently enabled, eliminate what is currently enabled from available cylinder mode Cylinder mode so that can select to provide the cylinder mode of less engine noise.Similarly, if in the cylinder currently enabled Engine luggine exceedes threshold value under pattern, then the cylinder mode currently enabled is eliminated from available cylinder mode so that Ke Yixuan Select the cylinder mode that less engine luggine is provided.

In addition, the expected cylinder that method 2200 can allow wherein to be expected after followed by cylinder mode change prepares to start When conveying steam enter cylinder (blow through) (for example, the exhaust manifold from the inlet manifold of engine to engine is not Participate in the air-flow of burning) it is less than the cylinder mode of threshold value.It can it is expected to avoid conveying steam when wherein cylinder prepares to start to enter cylinder Cylinder mode higher than threshold value changes, to avoid disturbing the oxygen in the catalyst of engine downstream.Engine cylinder prepares hair Conveying steam enters cylinder amount and 015 determination, can be somebody's turn to do according to the U.S. Patent application No.13/293 submitted on November 9th, 2011 when dynamic Patent application is fully incorporated for all purposes by reference.In one example, table or function be based on cylinder mode, Conveying steam enters cylinder amount when engine speed and cylinder valve timing output engine or cylinder prepare to start.If come from table Output be less than threshold quantity, then can allow cylinder mode.Method 2200 advances to 2208.

At 2208, method 2200 allows cylinder mode that is available and not yet being eliminated from available cylinder mode.Separately Outside, it is allowed to the available and transmission gear that is not yet eliminated.Cylinder mode can be allowed so that they can finally be chosen to use In the operation engine at the 716 of Fig. 7.The cylinder mode that all engine cylinders are activated is allowed cylinder mode all the time, Unless engine or valve deterioration be present.In one example, kept using the matrix of the unit including representing cylinder mode Cylinder mode that tracking allows and elimination.By the arranges value 1 in the unit corresponding to available cylinder mode, vapour can be allowed Cylinder pattern., can by the arranges value zero in the unit corresponding to cylinder mode that is disabled or being eliminated from power operation To eliminate cylinder mode.As it was previously stated, different cylinder modes there can be the active cylinders of identical substantial amt, have simultaneously Different active cylinders.Such as, if it is determined that three cylinders of desired operation four cylinder engine meet operator demand's moment of torsion, Cylinder mode 3 and 4 can then be allowed, wherein cylinder mode 3 has 1-3-2 ignition order, and cylinder mode 4 has 3-4- 2 ignition order.In a cycle of engine, cylinder mode 3 can be movable.During subsequent cycle of engine, Cylinder mode 4 can be movable.In this way it is possible to change engine ignition order, while maintain the reality of active cylinders Border sum.Method 2200, which advances to, to be exited.

Cylinder deactivation pattern that is available or eliminating is can be changed in this way it is possible to identify.In addition, in available cylinder Pattern is changed into before the cylinder mode allowed for power operation, can must be fulfilled for primary condition.

With reference now to Figure 23, show for controlling motor intake manifold absolute pressure during deceleration fuel cutoff pattern The method of power (MAP).Figure 23 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 23 method can be made Executable instruction to be stored in non-transitory memory is included.Figure 23 method can be with system as described herein Hardware and other method cooperation perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 2302, method 2300 judges whether engine is in or whether should be in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern. In deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, the one of all engine cylinders can be may include by stopping leading to the The fuel stream of cylinder to disable Individual or multiple engine cylinders.In addition, when engine turns over cycle of engine, by making to be deactivated vapour in the close position The inlet valve or inlet valve and exhaust valve of cylinder disable, and can stop the gas stream by one or more cylinders.In an example In, when operator demand is reduced to lower value from high value and car speed is more than threshold velocity, method 2300 judges hair Motivation should be in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.If method 2300 judges that engine should be in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, Then answer is yes, and method 2300 advances to 2304.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2300 advances to 2320.

At 2320, method 2300 operates engine to provide desired torque capacity.Desired torque capacity can be driven Member's demand torque or based on operator demand's moment of torsion.The valve of engine is activated to provide desired moment of torsion as requested, And engine combustion air and fuel are to provide desired moment of torsion.After desired torque capacity is provided, method 2300 is advanced To exiting.

At 2304, method 2300 determines that desired air- distributor pressure and cylinder air inlet door opens the substantial amt of event (for example, the inlet valve of each cylinder is opened once during the induction stroke with the cylinder for opening inlet valve) or introduce air Cylinder induction stroke substantial amt, air- distributor pressure is reduced to desired air- distributor pressure.With by air inlet The manifold pressure pump low time is compared, and the substantial amt that cylinder air inlet door opens event can be provided to the more preferable of air- distributor pressure Deduction.In one example, in United States Patent (USP) No.6,708,102 or United States Patent (USP) No.6,170,475 (it is entirely incorporated into this Text is for all purposes) described in the method desired number that can be used for opening event or induction stroke for following inlet valve estimate Count air- distributor pressure.For example, in response to entering deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, air throttle can be followed from its current location to complete The desired trajectory of full-application position.The throttle position of prediction can be estimated from desired trajectory by below equation：

θ (k+1)=θ (k)+[θ (k)-θ (k-1)]

Wherein θ (k+1) is the estimation of next engine charge event subject throttle position；θ (k) is that present engine is entered The throttle position measured during gas event；And the throttle position that θ (k-1) is measured when being previous engine induction event.

Gas in motor intake manifold is fresh air, and pressure and cylinder air in motor intake manifold Inflate directly related.Throttle position, air- distributor pressure, MAT are determined from various engine sensors and are started Machine rotating speed.In order to determine the differentiation of air- distributor pressure, starting point is the standard dynamic analog of following control air- distributor pressure change Type：

Wherein, T is the temperature in the inlet manifold by MATS sensing, and V is the volume of inlet manifold, R is specific gas constant, and MAF is the mass flowrate into inlet manifold, and M_cylIt is the flow rate into cylinder.Into cylinder Mass flowrate (M_cyl) it is expressed as below linear function for air- distributor pressure, wherein slope and offset turn depending on engine Speed and environmental condition：

Wherein P_ambAnd P_{amb_nom}It is the nominal value (such as 101kPa) of current environment pressure and environmental pressure.Engine pump Send parameter alpha₁And α (N)₂(N) from the static engine mapping data regression (regress) obtained under the conditions of nominal environmental.To The expression formula substitutes into the kinetic equation formula of air- distributor pressure and carries out differential to both sides to obtain the pressure in inlet manifold After rate of change, it will obtain：

Control the dynamics of engine speed change slower than inlet manifold dynamics.Good folding between performance and simplicity Inner feelings is to retain α₁(slope) but ignore α₂(offset).Pass through this simplification, P_mSecond dervative be given by：

For discrete aforesaid equation, by dP_m(k) it is defined as P_mTime-derivative discrete form, i.e. dP_m(k)=(P_m (k+1)-P_m(k))/Δ t, to obtain：

Therefore, the equation defines the prediction rate of change of the air- distributor pressure of a cyclical event in the future, and it is used In it is determined that the future value of air- distributor pressure.It is however, unavailable in moment k, the signal from next (k+1) moment.For reality Existing right-hand side, instead of using its value at time k+1, we will use the super previous event by using throttle position Predict that the super previous event prediction value of the MAF signal at time k obtained is as follows：

Wherein P_ambAnd P_{amb_nom}It is current definitely environmental pressure and nominal definitely environmental pressure (that is, 101kPa), T_ambWith T_{amb_nom}It is current definitely environment temperature and nominal definitely environment temperature (that is, 300K), and C (θ) is from static engine number According to the air throttle velocity of sound properties of flow of acquisition.Fn_subsonic is the correction of standard subcritical flow：

Wherein P_m(k) be air- distributor pressure current measurement value.For vehicle-mounted specific implementation, Fn_subsonic functions The list lookup function of pressure ratio can be embodied as.In this case, the size of slope should be limited, with may pass through by The zero crossing of function expands to the value of slightly above 1 pressure ratio to prevent the oscillation behavior under the conditions of WOT.

The amount MAF of the change in future speed for determining air- distributor pressure can be obtained using several different selections (k).The formula of the preceding value of the throttle position of prediction used below and the currency of manifold pressure provides complete in air throttle The optimum performance in terms of overshoot and stability when opening：

In order to avoid estimated engine speed, rather than α is subtracted in jump ahead prediction from₁Currency, Wo Mentong Cross and subtract an event old value from currency to approach α₁.Above-mentioned change causes to correspond to P_mTime-derivative super previous thing The dP of part predicted value_mSignal, i.e., the rate of change of following air- distributor pressure：

Pay attention to, dP_m ⁺¹(k) value is only dependent upon available signal at induction event k.Therefore, it can be used to predict as follows Air- distributor pressure：

Wherein P_m ⁺¹And P (k)_m ⁺²(k) it is that the jump ahead of air- distributor pressure predicts advanced two with air- distributor pressure Step prediction.Manifold pressure Evolution Equation can be extended beyond following induction event twice, reached and provided desired inlet manifold Multiple induction events of pressure.In one example, desired air- distributor pressure can be empirically determined during deceleration mode And store in memory.For example, it is desirable to air- distributor pressure can be with empirically determined and be based on atmospheric pressure and car Speed indexes in memory.In one example, it may be desired to motor intake manifold pressure be to work as operator demand's moment of torsion Engine is with the pressure in inlet manifold during idling operation when being zero or substantially zeroed (for example, being less than 10N-m).Additionally, it is desirable to Air- distributor pressure can be adjusted in response to environmental pressure.If for example, environmental pressure increase, desired inlet manifold Pressure can be reduced.It is determined that desired motor intake manifold pressure and cylinder air inlet event number to reach desired air inlet discrimination After pipe pressure, method 2300 advances to 2306.

At 2306, what is determined at 2304 is held to provide multiple induction events of desired air- distributor pressure After row, method 2300 completely closes engine air throttle and closes all engine charge events.If for example, 2304 Place determines that desired air- distributor pressure is 75kPa, and reachable when the closed throttle in four cylinder intake valve opening events To inlet valve (and exhaust valve in some cases) closing of desired air- distributor pressure, then cylinder so that subtract entering The substantial amt of cylinder air inlet event after fast fuel cut-off is 4.By this way, due to deceleration fuel cutoff mode request Desired air- distributor pressure is provided, so cylinder valve is opened the substantial amt of event based on inlet valve and closed.Due to vapour Cylinder valve-closing, so can then start engine, without discharging air from inlet manifold.It is therefore, it is possible to use less Fuel make engine exhaust enrichment, to improve catalyst efficiency.Further, since cylinder charging is less than full inflation, so hair Motivation can be postponed to operate when reactivating cylinder with less spark.Method 2300 advances to 2308.

At 2308, method 2300 turns off the motor intake manifold for leading to all vacuum customers.Vacuum customer can To include but is not limited to vacuum tank；Vehicle brake；Heating, ventilation and cooling system；And such as turbocharger waste gas The vacuum actuator of door.However, if the vacuum in some systems (for example, brake) is reduced to less than threshold value, system can To lead to motor intake manifold again by the valve 176 opened as shown in Figure 1B to obtain vacuum.In addition, in such condition phase Between can reactivate valve so that engine can provide additional vacuum to vacuum customer.In one example, can be via One or more magnetic valves make vacuum customer optionally lead to motor intake manifold.Method 2300 advances to 2310.

At 2310, method 2300 operates vacuum source so that motor intake manifold pressure is maintained into aspiration level.If Air is leaked by air throttle, then air- distributor pressure can increase so that if engine is under atmospheric pressure with inlet manifold pressure Power restarts, then can use than it is expected more fuel to start engine.Therefore, if engine is with than desired Higher air- distributor pressure restarting, then engine fuel consumption can increase above desired.Accordingly, in response to air inlet Manifold pressure is more than desired air- distributor pressure, and vacuum source can be activated so that air- distributor pressure is less than atmospheric pressure (for example, vacuum is in inlet manifold).Vacuum source can be supplied via electric power caused by vehicle energy or battery.In addition, ring It should can be activated in the low vacuum in vacuum tank, vacuum source to discharge air from vacuum tank.Method 2300 advances to 2312。

At 2312, method 2300 stops the The fuel stream and spark for leading to engine cylinder.Stopping to engine cylinder Fuel and spark delivering before, the air introduced after air throttle is begun to shut off during induction event merges with fuel stack Burned, the induction event corresponds to the actual number that the inlet valve determined at 2304 opens event.Method 2300 is advanced To 2314.

At 2314, method 2300 judges whether to deposit the condition for exiting deceleration fuel cutoff.In one example, in response to Operator demand's moment of torsion is more than threshold value or car speed is less than threshold value, can exit deceleration fuel cutoff.If method 2300 is sentenced Disconnected the condition for exiting deceleration fuel cutoff pattern to be present, then answer is yes, and method 2300 advances to 2316.Due to vehicle The a part of of kinetic energy can be transferred to engine, so engine continues to rotate during deceleration fuel cutoff.Otherwise, method Return to 2310.

At 2316, method 2300 reactivates cylinder valve so that valve opens and closes during cycle of engine. In addition, also provide The fuel stream and spark delivering to cylinder.Recover burning in the cylinder, and adjust engine throttle position, To provide desired engine air flow and engine torque.Cylinder valve timing and throttle position can be turned by engine The empirical determination of the storage of speed and engine demand moment of torsion (for example, operator demand's moment of torsion) index in memory.Method 2300 advance to and exit.

In this way it is possible to control motor intake manifold pressure with improve cylinder reactivate with engine cylinder Burning so that can reduce fuel consumption, and the situation of less fuel can be being provided to engine and/or catalyst It is lower to recover catalyst balance (for example, balance between hydrocarbon and oxygen in catalyst).

Therefore, Figure 23 method provides a kind of method of engine operation, and it includes：Please in response to deceleration fuel cutoff Ask, the one or more cylinder poppets made via controller disable and are in closure state；And in response to deceleration fuel cutoff Request, air throttle is completely closed to provide desired hair in response to the substantial amt of engine cylinder induction event via controller Motivation air- distributor pressure.This method is also included by making one or more cylinder poppets disable in closure state to reduce Pass through the air-flow of all cylinders of engine.It is when engine is with idling that this method, which includes desired motor intake manifold pressure, Operate and the situation of pressure when operator demand's moment of torsion is substantially zero.This method also includes turning off from vacuum via controller Customer leads to the path of motor intake manifold.

In some instances, this method is additionally included in shut-off and led to after the path of motor intake manifold, in response to true The vacuum level of empty reservoir, there is provided lead to the path of motor intake manifold.This method is lifted including one or more cylinders Valve is the situation of inlet valve, and the exhaust valve situation about not disabling of the engine including one or more cylinder poppets.Should Method is also included to motor intake manifold applying vacuum to provide desired motor intake manifold pressure, wherein vacuum via Injector or vavuum pump provide.

In some instances, Figure 23 method provides a kind of method of engine operation, and it includes：In response to wherein starting All cylinders of machine stop the deceleration fuel cutoff request of burning, reduce the pressure of motor intake manifold；And in response to subtracting Fast fuel cut-off request, the stream between vacuum customer and motor intake manifold is prevented via controller.This method includes logical Cross and close air throttle and discharge air from motor intake manifold to reduce the pressure of motor intake manifold via engine cylinder The situation of power.

In some instances, this method also includes to motor intake manifold applying vacuum, and wherein vacuum is via injector Or vavuum pump provides.This method also includes in response to the vacuum level in V-RSR Vacuum Reservoir, it is allowed to vacuum customer and engine Stream between inlet manifold.This method also includes the air-flow and The fuel stream for stopping leading to all cylinders of engine.This method bag The situation that pressure is reduced to desired air- distributor pressure is included, and desired air- distributor pressure is when engine is grasped with idling Make and the situation of pressure when operator demand's moment of torsion is substantially zero.This method also includes the situation that stream is blocked via valve.

With reference now to Figure 24, the order for operating engine according to Figure 23 method is shown.In time T2400- Vertical curve at T2408 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 24 shows six curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 24 is curve map of the deceleration fuel cutoff state to the time.Vertical axis represents Deceleration fuel cutoff state.When trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, engine is cut in deceleration fuel Disconnected pattern.When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, engine is not at deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Trunnion axis Line represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 24 is curve map of the manifold absolute pressure (MAP) to the time.Vertically Axis represents MAP, and MAP increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from figure The right side increase of left lateral view.Horizontal line 2402 represents the desired MAP during deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 24 is curve map of the engine throttle position to the time.Vertical axis represents Throttle position, and throttle position increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents time, and time From the right side increase of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 24 is curve map of the vacuum source state to the time.Vertical axis represents vacuum source Mode of operation (for example, vacuum pump operation state), and when trace is close to vertical axis arrow, vacuum source is movable.When When trace is close to horizontal axis, vacuum source is inactive.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the left lateral view of figure Right side increases.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 24 is curve map of the fuel sending state to the time.Vertical axis represents fuel Sending state, and when trace is close to vertical axis arrow, fuel is delivered to engine cylinder.When trace is close to trunnion axis During line, fuel is not delivered to engine cylinder.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Add.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 24 is curve map of the vacuum customer state to the time.Vertical axis represents true Empty customer state, and when trace is close to vertical axis arrow, vacuum customer state is movable.When trace is close to water During flat axis, vacuum customer is inactive.When vacuum customer trace is in reduced levels, vacuum customer not with hair Motivation inlet manifold pneumatic communication.When vacuum customer trace is in higher level, vacuum customer and engine charge discrimination Pipe pneumatic communication.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At time T2400, engine is not at deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, is such as in by deceleration fuel cutoff state Indicated by reduced levels.Engine MAP is of a relatively high, so as to indicate higher engine load.Throttle position open compared with Largely, and vacuum plant state is closed to indicate that vacuum source is not activated.Fuel is supplied to engine cylinder, such as passes through combustion Material state is in indicated by high level.True customer is operating and can be based on vacuum customer state consumption vacuum.

At time T2402, engine is converted to deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, such as passes through desired fuel cut off state mark Line is moved to indicated by higher level from relatively low water level.Reduction and car speed in response to operator demand's moment of torsion are more than threshold Value, engine can enter deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.In response to entering deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, closed throttle.Equally Ground, the The fuel stream of engine cylinder is shut off, as indicated by being in reduced levels by fuel state trace.Vacuum consumes Device state is moved to reduced levels, prevents vacuum customer from receiving vacuum from motor intake manifold with instruction.By prevent from Vacuum customer enters the air-flow of motor intake manifold, it is possible to reduce air- distributor pressure so that do not need substantial amounts of fuel To restart engine with the air-fuel ratio of stoichiometry in engine cylinder.In response to entering deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, vapour Cylinder valve is also switched off.The gas for passing through engine cylinder by closing the stopping of cylinder air inlet door in one or more cycle of engine Stream and before engine continues rotation, in response to entering deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, the inlet valve that can perform substantial amt is beaten Open event.The substantial amt of inlet valve opening event can be to provide the number of desired motor intake manifold pressure.One In a little examples, in response to entering deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, engine intake valve and exhaust valve can close in cycle of engine Close.

Between T2402 and T2404, MAP reduces, and engine keeps being in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.MAP is subtracted The small level to desired MAP 2402.In one example, the estimation based on the air- distributor pressure for reaching 2402, pass through by Cylinder air inlet door opens actual total degree and MAP is reduced into desired MAP 2402.

At T2404, due to the air leakage by engine air throttle or other gas into motor intake manifold Stream, MAP are increased above 2402 level.Vacuum source is activated in response to increased MAP so that MAP is reduced to 2402.Start Machine keeps remaining turned-off in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern and air throttle.Engine continues to rotate (not shown), and stops logical To the The fuel stream of engine cylinder.Cylinder air inlet door keeps disabling and closing (not shown) in each cycle of engine.Response It is less than 2402 in MAP, vacuum source is shortly deactivated after being activated.Vacuum source state instruction vacuum source enables (ON) and disabled (OFF)。

At T2406, due to the air leakage by engine air throttle or other gas into motor intake manifold Stream, MAP are increased above 2402 level for the second time.Vacuum source is activated in response to increased MAP so that MAP is reduced to 2402.Engine keeps being in deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, and air throttle remains turned-off.Engine continues rotation and (not shown Go out), and stop the The fuel stream for leading to engine cylinder.Cylinder air inlet door keeps disabling and closed in each cycle of engine (not shown).It is less than 2402 in response to MAP, vacuum source is shortly deactivated after being activated.Vacuum source state instruction vacuum source Enable (ON) and disable (OFF).

At time T2408, when air- distributor pressure is low, engine exits deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.In response to driving The increase of the person's of sailing demand torque, engine can exit deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.Relatively low air- distributor pressure can reduce spark The use of delay simultaneously saves fuel, to reactivate the catalyst in engine cylinder and engine exhaust system.By to vapour Cylinder supplies fuel and reactivates cylinder valve (not shown) to reactivate engine cylinder.By allow vacuum customer and Connection between motor intake manifold, vacuum customer are also re-enabled.When air throttle is opened, MAP increases.

In this way it is possible to MAP is controlled during deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, to reduce fuel consumption.Further, since Compared with the situation that engine is started with the atmospheric pressure in motor intake manifold, engine is opened with less air inflation It is dynamic, so driveline torque interference can be reduced.

With reference now to Figure 25, show for being controlled during being reactivated after entering deceleration fuel cutoff pattern in cylinder The method of motor intake manifold absolute pressure (MAP) processed.Figure 25 method can be included in described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C In system.Executable instruction that Figure 25 method is stored as in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 25 side Method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, to change the operation shape of engine or its part State.

At 2502, method 2500 judges whether cylinder and valve are deactivated during deceleration fuel cutoff pattern.One In individual example, when the position in memory is predetermined value, method 2500 may determine that engine cylinder is deactivated (for example, sending out Not combustion air and fuel mixture when motivation rotates) and valve be deactivated (for example, when engine is in cycle of engine inward turning Remain turned-off, do not open and close when turning).Pay attention to, all or only a part engine cylinder can be deactivated.If method 2500 Judge that engine cylinder and valve are deactivated during deceleration fuel cutoff pattern, then answer is yes, and method 2500 is advanced To 2504.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2500 advances to 2540.

At 2540, method 2500 operates engine cylinder and valve to provide desired moment of torsion.Desired moment of torsion can be with The moment of torsion determined based on accelerator pedal position or controller.By supplying fuel to cylinder to enable engine cylinder.Pass through Start valve operator to enable valve.In addition, for identical engine speed and torque demand, by volumetric efficiency actuator The position different from 2508 is adjusted to, to improve vehicle discharge and fuel economy.Method 2500, which advances to, to be exited.

At 2504, method 2500 judges whether to ask cylinder to reactivate.In response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion Or car speed is less than threshold velocity, cylinder can be asked to reactivate.If method 2500 judges request, cylinder reactivates, Then answer is yes, and method 2500 advances to 2506.Otherwise, method 2500 advances to 2550.

At 2550, cylinder is maintained dead status by method 2500.Do not supply fuel to cylinder, and cylinder valve Keep disabling.Method 2500, which advances to, to be exited.

At 2506, method 2500 judges whether motor intake manifold pressure is more than threshold pressure.If engine enters Gas manifold pressure is more than threshold pressure, then engine cylinder can be produced than desired bigger moment of torsion, or can postpone fire Timing is spent to reduce engine torque.If motor intake manifold pressure be more than it is desired, cylinder incendivity is than institute's phase The more fuel hoped are to provide the exhaust of stoichiometry.Therefore, it may be desirable to reduced as early as possible when restarting engine cylinder Motor intake manifold pressure so that fuel can be saved.If method 2500 judges that air- distributor pressure is more than threshold pressure, Then answer is yes, and method 2500 advances to 2508.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2500 advances to 2520.Threshold pressure Power can change with engine speed, car speed and environmental pressure.

At 2520, method 2500 is based on engine speed and the adjustment engine volume coefficiency actuating of operator demand's moment of torsion Device and engine air throttle.In one example, operator demand's moment of torsion is based on accelerator pedal position and car speed.Start Machine volumetric efficiency actuator can include but is not limited to engine cam, charge movement control valve and variable gas chamber volume valve. The position of volumetric efficiency actuator can with it is empirically determined and store in memory via operator demand's moment of torsion and hair In the table that motivation rotating speed is indexed.Different tables can be directed to camshaft, charge movement control valve and variable air chamber capacity valve Export different positions.Method 2500 advances to 2522.

At 2522, method 2500 reactivates engine cylinder and cylinder valve.By supplying spark and combustion to cylinder Expect to reactivate cylinder.Cylinder poppet is reactivated by enabling valve operator.Valve operator can be such as figure A part for component shown in 5B, other valve operators as described herein or other known valve operator.Enable valve Operator makes inlet valve be opened and closed during cycle of engine.After engine cylinder is enabled, method 2500 advances to Exit.

At 2508, method 2500 is pre-positioned engine volume coefficiency before engine cylinder and valve is reactivated Actuator, to increase engine volume coefficiency.With being caused in response to engine speed and operator demand's moment of torsion adjustment volumetric efficiency Compared during dynamic device, volumetric efficiency actuator, which is positioned to increase under the present speed and operator demand's moment of torsion of engine, to be started Machine volumetric efficiency.In one example, cylinder charging motion control valve is opened completely, to reduce the stream to entering engine cylinder Resistance.In addition, inlet valve timing and exhaust valve timing are adjusted via camshaft timing, not provide inlet valve and exhaust valve weight Folded (for example, inlet valve and exhaust valve are opened simultaneously).In addition, inlet valve timing can be advanced or delayed, with IC Intake Valve Closes Time maximizes the air in cylinder.Variable gas chamber volume valve is adjusted so that inlet manifold volume minimizes.When adjustment is started During machine volumetric efficiency actuator, uncomfortable whole engine air throttle.Can also be by closing turbocharger wastegate or by-passing valve To increase engine boosting to improve engine volume coefficiency.After engine volume coefficiency actuator is adjusted, method 2500 Advance to 2510.

At 2510, method 2500 reactivates engine cylinder and cylinder valve.By supplying spark and combustion to cylinder Expect to reactivate cylinder.Cylinder poppet is reactivated by enabling valve operator.Valve operator can be such as figure A part for component shown in 5B, other valve operators as described herein or other known valve operator.Enable valve Operator makes inlet valve be opened and closed during cycle of engine.After engine cylinder is enabled, method 2500 advances to 2512。

At 2512, method 2500 judges whether motor intake manifold pressure is in desired pressure.Desired pressure Can be with empirically determined and be based on engine speed and operator demand's moment of torsion.If method 2500 judges engine charge Manifold pressure is in desired motor intake manifold pressure, then answer is yes, and method 2500 advances to 2514.Otherwise, Answer is no, and method 2500 returns to 2512.

At 2514, method 2500 is based on engine speed and operator demand's moment of torsion location engine volumetric efficiency activates Device and engine air throttle.The position of volumetric efficiency actuator can with it is empirically determined and store in memory via driving In the table that the person's of sailing demand torque and engine speed are indexed.Different tables can be directed to camshaft, charge movement control valve The position different with variable air chamber capacity valve output.Method 2500, which advances to, to be exited.

With reference now to Figure 26, the order for operating engine according to Figure 25 method is shown.In time T2600- Vertical line at T2605 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 26 shows six curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 26 is curve map of the cylinder deactivation request to the time.Vertical axis represents cylinder De-activation request.When cylinder deactivation request trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, cylinder deactivation is asked.Work as vapour When cylinder de-activation request trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, cylinder deactivation is not asked.Horizontal axis represents the time, and And the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 26 is curve map of the cylinder state to the time.Vertical axis represents cylinder shape State.When cylinder state trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, cylinder deactivation.When cylinder trace is in close to vertical During the higher level of axis arrow, not cylinder deactivation.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Increase.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 26 is the curve map of motor intake manifold Pressure versus Time.Vertical axis table Show motor intake manifold pressure, and motor intake manifold pressure increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trunnion axis Line represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.Horizontal line 2602 represents the expectation during deceleration cutoff Motor intake manifold pressure.2602 level can be with engine under idling and when not having operator demand's torque operation Pressure it is identical.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 26 is curve map of the engine volume coefficiency actuator status to the time.Vertically Axis represents engine volume coefficiency actuator status, and engine volume coefficiency actuator is in the direction of vertical axis arrow Upper increase engine volume coefficiency.When trace is close to horizontal axis, engine volume coefficiency actuator status reduces engine Volumetric efficiency.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 26 is curve map of the engine throttle position to the time.Vertical axis represents Engine throttle position, and when trace is close to vertical axis arrow, the increase of air throttle opening.When trace is close to horizontal During axis, engine air throttle opening reduces.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Add.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 26 is curve map of operator demand's moment of torsion to the time.Vertical axis represents to drive The person's of sailing demand torque, and operator demand's moment of torsion increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.When operator demand's moment of torsion mark When line is close to horizontal axis, operator demand's moment of torsion reduces.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the left lateral view of figure Right side increases.

At time T2600, do not conclude that cylinder deactivation is asked, and conclude cylinder state, to indicate that engine cylinder is Movable and combustion air and fuel.Motor intake manifold pressure is in higher level, and engine throttle position is beaten Open and exceed by-level.Engine volume coefficiency actuator (for example, camshaft, charge movement control valve and air chamber control valve) place In centre position, to provide the engine volume coefficiency of by-level.Operator demand's moment of torsion is by-level.

At time T2601, conclude that cylinder deactivation is asked.Conclude cylinder in response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion and stop With request, and engine may be at deceleration fuel cutoff.In response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion, engine air throttle Position also reduces.Cylinder State Transferring is deactivated not to be judged with indicating engine cylinder to be asked in response to cylinder deactivation. Motor intake manifold pressure-responsive is closed air throttle and reduced.Subtract after closed throttle and by air- distributor pressure After the cylinder air inlet event of the small substantial amt to aspiration level 2602, the cylinder air inlet door of cylinder is closed.Cylinder exhaust valve Also (not shown) can be closed.When cylinder deactivation, engine intake valve remains turned-off in one or more cycle of engine. Disable the The fuel stream (not shown) for leading to cylinder.The position of engine volume coefficiency actuator keeps constant.

Between time T2601 and time T2602, leaked into response to air in motor intake manifold, engine enters Gas manifold pressure (MAP) increase.Because cylinder air inlet door is closed, so air is not discharged from motor intake manifold.Cylinder stops It is judged with request holding, and cylinder keeps disabling.Throttle position is maintained at fully closed condition, and operator demand Keep low.

At time T2602, it is contemplated that reactivate engine cylinder, adjust the position of engine volume coefficiency actuator To increase engine volume coefficiency.Engine volume coefficiency actuator is not adjusted to be based on engine speed and operator demand The position of moment of torsion.On the contrary, actuator to be adjusted to increase to the position of engine volume coefficiency, the position exceedes in response to engine The engine volume coefficiency that the actuator provides when rotating speed and operator demand's moment of torsion adjustment engine volume coefficiency actuator Position.In this example, exceed desired motor intake manifold pressure 2602 in response to motor intake manifold pressure, adjust The position of whole volumetric efficiency actuator.By adjusting volumetric efficiency actuator in response to MAP, volumetric efficiency actuator can be avoided Position undesirable change.Motor intake manifold pressure increases to the pressure more than 2602 from the pressure less than 2602.So And engine volume coefficiency actuator can after cylinder deactivation or in response to reactivate the request of engine cylinder and by Adjust the time of scheduled volume.As an alternative, in response to the request of cylinder deactivation, engine volume coefficiency actuating can be adjusted Device position is to increase engine volume coefficiency.In one example, camshaft timing is advanced or delayed, so that from engine charge The air that manifold is introduced into engine cylinder is maximized (for example, regulation camshaft timing is higher to be provided in IC Intake Valve Closes Cylinder pressure).In addition, inlet valve opening is overlapping with exhaust valve opening to be adjusted to zero or negative value, to reduce from gas extraction system Into the air-flow (not shown) of cylinder.Engine throttle position and operator demand's moment of torsion keep constant.

At time T2603, in response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion, cylinder deactivation request, which is converted to, not to be judged. Increase or car speed in response to operator demand's moment of torsion are less than threshold velocity (not shown), and cylinder deactivation request can be changed Not to be judged.Shortly after that, engine cylinder is reactivated (for example, each cycle of engine inlet valve and exhaust valve are opened And closing, and spark and fuel burn in engine cylinder), such as by cylinder State Transferring with indicate active cylinders meaning Show.In addition, the position adjustment by volumetric efficiency actuator based on engine speed and operator demand's moment of torsion is to a position. Throttle position moves in response to operator demand's moment of torsion.

Between time T2603 and time T2604, operator demand's moment of torsion increases and then reduced.In response to driving Member's demand torque, throttle position also increase and reduced.Motor intake manifold pressure increases and is then decreased below 2602.

At time T2604, second of request cylinder deactivation.However, because motor intake manifold pressure is less than level 2602, so the position of uncomfortable whole volumetric efficiency actuator.Engine cylinder is deactivated (for example, by stopping leading to cylinder The fuel stream and spark, suppress burning in the cylinder, and cylinder valve is also deactivated so that the valve is in one or more engines Remained turned-off in circulation), as indicated by being converted to reduced levels by cylinder state trace.

At time T2605, it is less than threshold value (not shown) in response to car speed, cylinder deactivation request, which is transformed into, is not broken It is fixed.Engine cylinder is also re-enabled, as indicated by being converted to higher level by cylinder state trace.Because engine Air- distributor pressure is less than 2602, so not being judged in response to de-activation request without adjusting engine volume coefficiency actuator position Put.

By this way, MAP can be controlled when exiting cylinder deactivation state, to save fuel and reduce moment of torsion interference. Adjustment volumetric efficiency actuator introduces the air capacity of engine cylinder to increase so that after engine cylinder is restarted not Reduce motor intake manifold pressure long.

With reference now to Figure 27 A and Figure 27 B, the method for controlling engine torque during cylinder mode is shown.Figure 27A and Figure 27 B method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 27 A and Figure 27 B method can be made Executable instruction to be stored in non-transitory memory is included.Figure 27 A and Figure 27 B method can be retouched with this paper System hardware and the other method cooperation stated perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 2702, method 2700 judges whether that reduce active cylinders (beats for example, having during cycle of engine The cylinder of open and close valve, and the cylinder of combustion air and fuel during cycle of engine) substantial amt please Ask.In response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion, car speed is more than threshold value and/or other conditions, and method 2700 may determine that In the presence of the request for the substantial amt for reducing active cylinders.If method 2700 judges the substantial amt that reduction active cylinders be present Request, then answer is yes, and method 2700 advances to 2704.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2700 advances to 2714.

At 2704, method 2700 determines the expectation of the volumetric efficiency actuator of the substantial amt for reducing active cylinders Leading time (lead).The leading time of volumetric efficiency actuator is to reduce work from the position of adjustment volumetric efficiency actuator Time quantum when starting during the substantial amt of dynamic cylinder to cylinder deactivation.The leading time of adjustment volumetric efficiency actuator can make Engine torque is steady, and before cylinder deactivation starts provide for volumetric efficiency actuator reach desired locations when Between so that engine is not provided than desired more or less moments of torsion.In one example, the leading time is rule of thumb true Determine and store in memory.In addition, the value in the leading time of storage in memory can reduce the reality of active cylinders The transition period of sum is adjusted based on the difference of the inflation of desired cylinder air and the inflation of actual cylinder air.From memory Extract leading time value.Method 2700 advances to 2706.

At 2706, method 2700 is pre-positioned the engine capacity effect of the amount of boost including being provided by turbocharger Rate actuator, to increase engine volume coefficiency.For example, can increase boosting, charge movement control valve can be opened completely, enter Gas gas chamber volume valve is oriented to reduce inlet manifold volume, and compressor bypass valve can be at least partially closed, and be adjusted convex Wheel shaft timing in the IC Intake Valve Closes time to maximize cylinder charging.By closing waste gate or close compressor by-passing valve, Engine boosting can be increased.The substantial amt that the position of adjustment engine volume coefficiency actuator is added in active cylinders subtracts The volumetric efficiency of the cylinder of holding activity after few.In addition, with adjusting previously mentioned engine volume coefficiency actuator Same time is at least partially closed the central air throttle of engine (simultaneously).Close central air throttle and maintain engine airflow Rate, while the whole engine volume coefficiency actuator of key is to improve engine volume coefficiency.Method 2700 advances to 2708.

At 2708, after the leading time terminates, selected cylinder is disabled.By when engine rotates by cylinder Inlet valve remains turned-off in one or more cycle of engine carrys out cylinder deactivation.In some instances, when engine rotates, The exhaust valve for the cylinder being deactivated can also be remained turned-off in one or more cycle of engine.In addition, not by The fuel stream The cylinder being deactivated is delivered to spark.When cylinder is deactivated, central air throttle is quickly opened and increased to activity The fuel delivering of cylinder so that moment of torsion offsets the loss of machine of torque caused by cylinder deactivation caused by active cylinders.Method 2700 advance to 2710.

At 2710, method 2700 is come in response to the error between desired engine air flow and the engine air flow of reality Adjust spark timing.Desired engine air flow is the engine air of operator demand's moment of torsion when being asked based on cylinder deactivation Stream.Actual engine air flow is the air-flow measured via air flow sensor.For example, if actual engine air flow is big In desired engine air flow, then engine air stream error is negative, and spark timing postpones to maintain engine torque.If Actual engine air flow is less than desired engine air flow, then engine air stream error is just, and spark timing shift to an earlier date with Maintain engine torque.Method 2700 advances to 2712.

At 2712, method 2700 judges whether engine volume coefficiency actuator is in its desired locations.For example, method 2700 judge whether the engine boosting of reality is equal to desired engine and boosts.In addition, method 2700 judges actual cam Whether axle timing is equal to desired camshaft timing.Similarly, method 2700 judges that actual charge movement control valve position is It is no to be equal to desired charge movement control valve position.Method 2700 can be based on one or more sensors such as inlet manifold pressure The output of force snesor judges that volumetric efficiency actuator is in its desired locations.If engine volume coefficiency actuator is in Its desired locations, then answer is yes, and method 2700 advances to 2714.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2700 returns to 2706 carry out locomotor volumetric efficiency actuator to provide the more time.

At 2714, method 2700 adjusts engine central air throttle to provide desired engine torque.Desired hair Motivation moment of torsion can be based on operator demand's moment of torsion.Method 2700 advances to 2720.

At 2720, method 2700 judges whether that increase active cylinders (beats for example, having during cycle of engine The cylinder of open and close valve, and the cylinder of combustion air and fuel during cycle of engine) substantial amt please Ask.In response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion, car speed is less than threshold value and/or other conditions, and method 2700 may determine that In the presence of the request of the substantial amt of increase active cylinders.If method 2700 judges the substantial amt that increase active cylinders be present Request, then answer is yes, and method 2700 advances to 2722.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2700 is advanced to and exited.

At 2722, method 2700 is pre-positioned the engine capacity effect of the amount of boost including being provided by turbocharger Rate actuator, to reduce engine volume coefficiency.Such as, it is possible to reduce boosting, charge movement control valve can be closed at least partly Close, air inlet gas chamber volume valve is oriented to increase inlet manifold volume, and adjusts camshaft timing with IC Intake Valve Closes Between reduce cylinder charging.The substantial amt that the position of adjustment engine volume coefficiency actuator is reduced in active cylinders increases it The volumetric efficiency of preceding movable cylinder.In addition, in the same time with adjusting previously mentioned engine volume coefficiency actuator (simultaneously) it is at least partially opened the central air throttle of engine.Open central air throttle and maintain engine air flow rate, adjust simultaneously Engine volume coefficiency actuator is adjusted to reduce engine volume coefficiency.

In addition, in some instances, in response to the turbocharger of the previous cycle of engine reactivated in cylinder Waste gate position, the inlet valve and exhaust valve of engine cylinder (for example, cylinder that is enabling and/or being just activated) can be increased Opening time is overlapping.Turbocharger waste gate position can indicate the pressure at expulsion in the cylinder that is deactivated, described to be deactivated Cylinder be included in the exhaust valve opened and closed during cylinder deactivation.However, in other examples, lap can be based on cylinder In residual exhaust gases amount.For example, lap can increase as the residual exhaust gases amount in cylinder increases.If the vapour being deactivated Cylinder includes non-deactivation exhaust valve, then compared with cylinder is configured with the situation for disabling exhaust valve, boost pressure reduces less, because Have that the exhaust gas density in the cylinder of non-cylinder deactivation is higher when other conditions are identical, because with non-cylinder deactivation Exhaust in cylinder can be colder.Method 2700 advances to 2724.

At 2724, selected cylinder is reactivated.When engine rotates, by one or more cycle of engine The interior inlet valve for opening and closing cylinder reactivates cylinder.In some instances, when engine rotates, it is re-enabled The exhaust valve of cylinder can also be opened and closed in one or more cycle of engine.In addition, The fuel stream and spark are passed It is sent to the cylinder being re-enabled.When cylinder is re-enabled, central air throttle quick closedown, and reduce to activity The fuel delivering of cylinder so that the moment of torsion caused by active cylinders offsets the moment of torsion increase caused by reactivating cylinder.Side Method 2700 advances to 2726.

At 2726, method 2700 is come in response to the error between desired engine air flow and the engine air flow of reality Adjust spark timing.Desired engine air flow is the engine air of operator demand's moment of torsion when being asked based on cylinder deactivation Stream.For example, if actual engine air flow is more than desired engine air flow, engine air stream error is negative, and fire Timing retard is spent to maintain engine torque.If actual engine air flow is less than desired engine air flow, engine Air-flow error is just, and spark timing is in advance to maintain engine torque.Method 2700 advances to 2728.

At 2728, method 2700 judges whether engine volume coefficiency actuator is in its desired locations.For example, method 2700 judge whether the engine boosting of reality is equal to desired engine and boosts.In addition, method 2700 judges actual cam Whether axle timing is equal to desired camshaft timing.Similarly, method 2700 judges that actual charge movement control valve position is It is no to be equal to desired charge movement control valve position.Method 2700 can be based on one or more sensors such as inlet manifold pressure The output of force snesor judges that volumetric efficiency actuator is in its desired locations.If engine volume coefficiency actuator is in Its desired locations, then answer is yes, and method 2700 advances to 2714.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2700 returns to 2706 carry out locomotor volumetric efficiency actuator to provide the more time.

At 2730, method 2700 adjusts engine central air throttle, to provide desired engine torque.Desired hair Motivation moment of torsion can be based on operator demand's moment of torsion.Method 2700, which advances to, to be exited.

By this way, when increasing and reducing the substantial amt of active cylinders, engine volume coefficiency cause can be adjusted The position of dynamic device.Movement volumetric efficiency actuator can reduce engine torque and do while entreating air throttle movement within the engine Disturb and reduce engine fuel consumption.

With reference now to Figure 28 A, the order for operating engine according to Figure 27 A and Figure 27 B method is shown.It is described suitable Engine in sequence is the four cylinder engine of the ignition order with 1-3-4-2.Vertical curve table at time T2800-T2804 Show the time interested in the order.Figure 28 A show five curve maps, and curve map is temporally aligned and sends out simultaneously It is raw.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 28 A is the engine cylinder of activity (for example, with during cycle of engine The inlet valve of opening and closing and the cylinder of exhaust valve, and the cylinder wherein to burn) desired number to the song of time Line chart.The desired number of the engine cylinder of vertical axis expression activity, and list along vertical axis the expectation of active cylinders Number.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 28 A is the engine cylinder of activity (for example, with during cycle of engine The inlet valve of opening and closing and the cylinder of exhaust valve, and the cylinder wherein to burn) actual number to the song of time Line chart.The actual number of the engine cylinder of vertical axis expression activity, and list along vertical axis the reality of active cylinders Number.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 28 A is engine volume coefficiency actuator position (for example, starting for adjustment Waste gate position, camshaft location, charge movement control valve position, the air chamber actuator position of machine boosting) to the curve of time Figure.Vertical axis represents engine volume coefficiency actuator position, and the position of actuator is in the direction of vertical axis arrow Upper increase engine volume coefficiency.The horizontal axis that is located proximate to of actuator reduces engine volume coefficiency.Horizontal axis represents Time, and the time increase from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 28 A is curve map of the central throttle position to the time.Vertical axis represents Central throttle position, and central throttle position is increased up in the side of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, And the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 28 A is curve map of the spark timing to the time.Vertical axis is representing spark just When, and spark timing shifts to an earlier date on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Spark timing postpones close to horizontal axis.Horizontal axis table Show the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At time T2800, the expectation substantial amt of engine cylinder is 4, and the substantial amt of active cylinders is 4. Engine volume coefficiency actuator is oriented to provide the volumetric efficiency of reduced levels.For example, waste gate is opened to reduce boosting, In advance to reduce cylinder charging, air-chamber valve is oriented to increase inlet manifold volume, and charge movement control valve cam timing Close to reduce volumetric efficiency.Engine air throttle partially opens, and spark timing advances to by-level.

At time T2801, the expectation substantial amt of active cylinders is changed into 2 from 4.In response to subtracting for operator demand's moment of torsion Small (not shown) or other conditions, it is possible to reduce the expectation substantial amt of active cylinders.Due to the expectation in response to active cylinders Substantial amt, no cylinder are deactivated, so the substantial amt of active cylinders is maintained at value 4.Volumetric efficiency actuator position carries For low-level engine volume coefficiency, and throttle position is in by-level.Spark timing advances to by-level.

Between time T2801 and time T2802, change volumetric efficiency actuator position to increase engine capacity effect Rate, and air throttle is begun to shut off.The substantial amt for it is expected substantial amt and active cylinders of active cylinders keeps constant.Spark Timing also keeps constant.

At time T2802, it is more than the error between desired engine air flow, fire in response to actual engine air flow Flower timing retard.Postpone spark timing and shorten (truncate) engine torque so that engine torque can remain constant.Volume Efficiency actuator position continues to change to increase engine volume coefficiency, and air throttle continues to close.The expectation of active cylinders The substantial amt of substantial amt and active cylinders keeps constant.

At time T2803, the deactivation of cylinder valve starts.Retouched via the valve operator described by Fig. 5 B, this paper Other valve operators or other known valve operator stated can be with cylinder deactivation valves.In one example, valve is grasped It is deactivated as device with cylinder deactivation inlet valve.Cylinder exhaust valve can also be deactivated.Throttle position increases with opening throttle, So that additional air is flowed into two cylinders of holding activity.By increasing throttle position, air- distributor pressure (MAP) increases Add, so as to increase the air-flow of the engine cylinder into activity.When the inlet valve for the cylinder being deactivated is deactivated and is remained turned-off When, stop the air-flow for leading to the cylinder being deactivated.Due to the air aeration quantity increase of active cylinders, so spark timing starts to prolong Late.Engine volume coefficiency actuator does not change position, and the expectation substantial amt of active cylinders is maintained at value 2.Due to hair Motivation is not yet deactivated, so the substantial amt of active cylinders also remains 2.

At time T2804, the substantial amt of movable engine cylinder is changed into 2 from 4.Two cylinders (for example, No. two and No. three cylinders) inlet valve be deactivated (not shown), and throttle position keeps constant.Spark timing stops change, and Engine volume coefficiency actuator does not change position.

In this way it is possible to the position of volumetric efficiency actuator and engine air throttle is adjusted before cylinder deactivation valve Put so that use less fuel in the cylinder mode transition period.Furthermore it is possible in response to cylinder charging error without being in response to Spark timing is adjusted in the change of engine throttle position so that less spark can be used to postpone.

With reference now to Figure 28 B, the order for operating engine according to Figure 27 A and Figure 27 B method is shown.It is described suitable Engine in sequence is the four cylinder engine of the ignition order with 1-3-4-2.Vertical curve table at time T2820-T2823 Show the time interested in the order.Figure 28 B show five curve maps, and curve map is temporally aligned and sends out simultaneously It is raw.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 28 B is the engine cylinder of activity (for example, with during cycle of engine The inlet valve of opening and closing and the cylinder of exhaust valve, and the cylinder wherein to burn) desired number to the song of time Line chart.The desired number of the engine cylinder of vertical axis expression activity, and list along vertical axis the expectation of active cylinders Number.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 28 B is the engine cylinder of activity (for example, with during cycle of engine The inlet valve of opening and closing and the cylinder of exhaust valve, and the cylinder wherein to burn) actual number to the song of time Line chart.The actual number of the engine cylinder of vertical axis expression activity, and list along vertical axis the reality of active cylinders Number.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 28 B is engine volume coefficiency actuator position (for example, starting for adjustment Waste gate position, camshaft location, charge movement control valve position, the air chamber actuator position of machine boosting) to the curve of time Figure.Vertical axis represents engine volume coefficiency actuator position, and the position of actuator is in the direction of vertical axis arrow Upper increase engine volume coefficiency.The horizontal axis that is located proximate to of actuator reduces engine volume coefficiency.Horizontal axis represents Time, and the time increase from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 28 B is curve map of the central throttle position to the time.Vertical axis represents Central throttle position, and central throttle position is increased up in the side of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, And the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 28 B is curve map of the spark timing to the time.Vertical axis is representing spark just When, and spark timing shifts to an earlier date on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Spark timing postpones close to horizontal axis.Horizontal axis table Show the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At time T2820, the expectation substantial amt of engine cylinder is 2, and the substantial amt of active cylinders is 2. Engine volume coefficiency actuator is oriented to provide the volumetric efficiency of higher level.For example, waste gate is closed to increase boosting, To increase cylinder charging, air-chamber valve is oriented to reduce inlet manifold volume, and charge movement control valve for cam timing delay Open to increase volumetric efficiency.Engine air throttle partially opens, and spark timing advances to relatively low by-level.

At time T2821, the expectation substantial amt of active cylinders is changed into 4 from 2.In response to the increasing of operator demand's moment of torsion Add (not shown) or other conditions, the expectation substantial amt of active cylinders can be increased.Due to the expectation in response to active cylinders Substantial amt, no cylinder are re-enabled, so the substantial amt of active cylinders is maintained at value 2.Volumetric efficiency actuator position The engine volume coefficiency that higher level is provided is put, and throttle position is in by-level.Spark timing advances to relatively low By-level.

Between time T2821 and time T2822, change volumetric efficiency actuator position to reduce engine capacity effect Rate, and air throttle starts to open at.The substantial amt for it is expected substantial amt and active cylinders of active cylinders keeps constant.Spark Timing is constant.

At time T2822, the deactivation of cylinder valve starts.Retouched via the valve operator described by Fig. 5 B, this paper Other valve operators or other known valve operator stated can reactivate cylinder valve.In one example, gas Door operators is re-enabled to reactivate cylinder air inlet door.Cylinder exhaust valve can also be re-enabled.Throttle position Reduce to close air throttle so that in two cylinders of less air inflow activity.By reducing throttle position, air inlet discrimination Pipe pressure (MAP) is reduced, so as to reduce the air-flow of the engine cylinder into activity.When the inlet valve of the cylinder reactivated is beaten When open and close, air is flowed into the cylinder reactivated.Because the air aeration quantity of active cylinders is reduced, so spark timing Start to shift to an earlier date.Engine volume coefficiency actuator does not change position, and the expectation substantial amt of active cylinders is maintained at value 4. Because engine is not yet re-enabled, so the substantial amt of active cylinders also remains 2.

At time T2823, the substantial amt of movable engine cylinder is changed into 4 from 2.Two cylinders (for example, No. two and No. three cylinders) inlet valve be re-enabled (not shown), and throttle position keeps constant.Spark timing stops change, And engine volume coefficiency actuator does not change position.

In this way it is possible to volumetric efficiency actuator and engine air throttle are adjusted before cylinder valve is reactivated Position so that use less fuel in the cylinder mode transition period.Furthermore it is possible in response to cylinder charging error rather than Spark timing is adjusted in response to the change of engine throttle position so that less spark can be used to postpone.

With reference now to Figure 29, control hair during being reactivated for the cylinder after cylinder deactivation pattern is entered is shown The method of motivation fuel injection.Figure 29 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 29 method The executable instruction that is stored as in non-transitory memory and be included.Figure 29 method can with it is described herein System hardware and other method cooperation perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 2902, method 2900 judges whether one or more engine cylinders are deactivated and (rotated for example, working as engine When inlet valve remained turned-off in cycle of engine, and do not burnt in the cylinder being deactivated).In one example, side Method 2900 can judge one or more based on the value of variable of storage in memory or the output of one or more sensors Individual cylinder is deactivated.If method 2900 judges that one or more engine cylinders are deactivated, answer is yes, and method 2900 advance to 2904.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2900 advances to 2903.

At 2903, method 2900 operates engine cylinder and valve to provide desired moment of torsion.Desired moment of torsion can be with The moment of torsion determined based on accelerator pedal position or controller.By supplying fuel to cylinder to enable engine cylinder.Pass through Start valve operator to enable valve.Method 2900, which advances to, to be exited.

At 2904, method 2900 judges whether to ask cylinder to reactivate.In response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion Or car speed is less than threshold velocity, cylinder can be asked to reactivate.If method 2900 judges request, cylinder reactivates, Then answer is yes, and method 2900 advances to 2906.Otherwise, method 2900 advances to 2905.

At 2905, cylinder is maintained dead status by method 2900.Do not supply fuel to cylinder, and cylinder valve Keep disabling.Method 2900, which advances to, to be exited.

At 2906, method 2900 judges whether engine operates in only direct fuel sprays (DI) region, either The no change that the engine torque asked more than threshold value be present.With port fuel injector and direct fuel injector Engine can first limit engine operating range (for example, limit engine speed and torque output range) in only Operate direct fuel injector.Similarly, the engine with port fuel injector and direct fuel injector can be Port fuel injector is only operated in second restriction engine operating range.In addition, in some engine operating ranges, can To supply fuel to engine via port fuel injector and direct fuel injector.Method determines engine speed and hair Motivation moment of torsion, it is then determined that whether engine operates in the range of the injection of only direct fuel is activated.It is if such Words, then answer is yes, and method 2900 advances to 2908.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 2900 advances to 2920.

At 2920, method 2900 enables one or more stopped by supplying spark and fuel to the cylinder being deactivated Engine cylinder.In addition, the valve of the cylinder being deactivated remained turned-off in one or more cycle of engine is opened With to be opened and closed in cycle of engine.Because engine does not operate in only direct-injection engine operating area, and And the rate of change of the engine torque by being asked is less than threshold value, so via port fuel injector by fuel injection To cylinder.After one or more cylinders being deactivated are enabled, method 2900, which advances to, to be exited.

At 2908, method 2900 by reactivate cylinder valve and to the cylinder that is deactivated supply fuel and spark come Reactivate one or more engine cylinders.Engine cylinder is re-enabled so that in one or more cycle of engine The valve that period remains turned-off opens and closes during one or more cycle of engine.By injecting fuel directly into vapour Cylinder supplies fuel to the cylinder being previously deactivated.

Compared with intake port injection fuel, directly injection quickly provide in the cylinder being previously deactivated combustion air and The chance of fuel, because direct fuel injector can be in the compression stroke (for example, in later stage of cylinder cycle) of cylinder cycle Period spray combustion, and port fuel injector must during the induction stroke of cylinder cycle or earlier spray fuel.Cause This, if asking cylinder to reactivate after the induction stroke of cylinder, can spray combustion during the compression stroke of cylinder Material, to support the burning in cylinder during compression stroke.By this way, directly injection can be to enable than request cylinder The bent axle degree of the small 180 degree of bent axle degree allows the burning in the cylinder being deactivated, and injects fuel into what is be previously deactivated The port fuel of cylinder sprays can spend the bent axle degree of the big 180 degree of bent axle degree enabled than request cylinder to participate in burning.

If engine operates in the range of port fuel to be only ejected into cylinder, except enabling cylinder again Cycle of engine outside, can be by being injected fuel directly into the cycle of engine of predetermined number or cylinder air inlet event Cylinder is reactivated into cylinder.After the cycle of engine of predetermined number or cylinder air inlet event, now stop to new The direct fuel injection of the cylinder reactivated, can reactivate port fuel injection in the cylinder newly reactivated. By this way, the cylinder being previously deactivated can quickly start, and enter in the cycle of engine or cylinder of predetermined number After gas event, the direct injection to cylinder can be stopped so that mixture in the cylinder prepare reactivate cylinder it It can shortly improve afterwards.This can be especially desired to during the rate of change of the engine torque of request is more than the condition of threshold value So that driver can undergo the faster torque responsive to operator demand's moment of torsion.

If engine operates in the region directly sprayed only is provided to engine cylinder, recover the vapour to being deactivated The direct injection of cylinder, and inflation cooling down operation of the cylinder to improve.Direct fuel, which is injected in engine cylinder, to be continued, directly Change to engine operating condition.Method 2900 advances to 2910.

At 2910, method 2900 judges whether to permit port fuel injection, or whether it is expected only direct fuel spray Penetrate (DI).Port fuel injection can be in the cylinder of the predetermined substantial amt since the request for enabling one or more cylinders Start after induction event.The event of predetermined substantial amt ensures fuel is ejected into previously quilt in time by direct fuel injection The cylinder of deactivation, and fuel mixture preparation improves in time after the cylinder being deactivated is reactivated.Alternately, exist Only direct fuel injection can it is expected under present engine operating mode.If method 2900, which is concluded, permits port fuel injection, or It is expected only direct fuel injection, then answer is yes, and method 2900 advances to 2912.Otherwise, method 2900 returns to 2908.

At 2912, method 2900 operates direct fuel injector and air inlet according to basic plan (base schedule) Road fuel injector.Basic plan can be based on engine speed and operator demand's moment of torsion.Therefore, the request of cylinder is being enabled Afterwards, can be sprayed using direct fuel to reactivate the cylinder being deactivated with crankshaft angles earlier, then air intake duct fires Material injection or port fuel injection and direct fuel spray alternative only direct fuel injection.Method 2900, which advances to, to be exited.

With reference now to Figure 30, the order for operating engine according to Figure 29 method is shown.In time T3000- Vertical curve at T3002 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 30 shows three curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.Braking in time is represented along the SS marks of each curve map.The duration braked in time is changeable. The representations of events fuel in SS marks left side is only through intake port injection unless the engine operating condition that engine cylinder is re-enabled.SS Mark the engine operating condition of the representations of events only direct fuel injection on right side.Figure 30 order is directed to the igniting with 1-3-4-2 The four cylinder engine of order.Three curve maps are aligned by crank position.

Exemplary exhaust door opening time is by cross-hatched line pattern 3002,3012,3023,3028,3051,3056,3064 With 3069 instructions.Example inlet valve opening time is by the and of hatch patterns 3004,3013,3024,3029,3052,3057,3065 3070 instructions.The beginning of direct fuel injection events is indicated by nozzle 3006,3053,3058,3062 and 3066.Spark event by * at 3010,3015,3026,3054,3059,3063 and 3067 is represented.The beginning of port fuel injection events by 3008th, the nozzle instruction at 3014,3021 and 3025.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 30 is curve map of the cyclical event to engine location of No. three cylinders.Hair Motivation stroke is drawn along horizontal axis, and is indicated by alphabetical I, C, P and E.I represents induction stroke.C represents compression stroke, P tables Show power or expansion stroke, and E represents exhaust stroke.Vertical line (bar) separates each engine strokes, and represents piston The top dead centre of stroke or lower dead center.Port fuel injection window such as 3001 and 3011 is identified as PFI.In port fuel During spraying window, fuel can be injected into cylinder via port fuel injector in cylinder cycle.By fuel injection The air intake duct sprayed to port fuel outside window is delivered fuel into different cylinder cycles.The direct fuel of cylinder is sprayed Penetrating can be during induction stroke and compression stroke.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 30 is curve map of the cyclical event to engine location of No. two cylinders.Hair Motivation stroke is drawn along horizontal axis, and is indicated by alphabetical I, C, P and E.I represents induction stroke.C represents compression stroke, P tables Show power or expansion stroke, and E represents exhaust stroke.Vertical line separates each engine strokes, and represents piston stroke Top dead centre or lower dead center.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 30 is that cylinder reactivates curve map of the solicited status to engine location.It is perpendicular Straight axis represents that cylinder reactivates state, and when the trace of curve map is close to the height of vertical axis arrow, asks vapour Cylinder reactivates.When the trace of curve map is close to horizontal axis, cylinder reactivates state not ask cylinder to reactivate. In some instances, cylinder reactivates request and can substituted by the request number of active cylinders variable.

At time T3000, No. two and No. three cylinders are deactivated (for example, fuel is not injected into cylinder, and cylinder Inlet valve and exhaust valve are maintained at closure state in cycle of engine), and do not conclude that cylinder reactivates request.Therefore, Fuel is not injected into No. two and No. three cylinders.In addition, the inlet valve and exhaust valve of No. two and No. three cylinders remain turned-off.Sending out When motivation rotates, No.1 and No. four cylinders are in combustion air and fuel mixture (not shown).

At time T3001, the request for reactivating engine cylinder is made, request conversion is such as reactivated by cylinder For indicated by higher level.Cylinder reactivates request and occurred at the halfway of port fuel injection (PFI) window 3001, And it can the increase based on operator demand's moment of torsion.Because port fuel injector must provide accurate less fuel Amount and larger fuel quantity, so its flow rate causes it to provide enough fuel during port fuel injection window 3001 To provide the stoichiometric mixture in No. three cylinders.Therefore, fuel is directly sprayed so that burning can open again in cylinder Started as early as possible in No. three cylinders afterwards with request.After time T3001, fuel directly sprays after the first induction stroke. The fuel sprayed at 3006 burns at 3010.

Before the inlet valve and exhaust valve being deactivated start operation, there is vapour at the end of intake port injection window 3020 Cylinder reactivates request.Early stage port fuel sprays window 3022, port fuel, which is injected at 3021, to be started so that The port fuel injector of No. two cylinders, which has sufficient time to be injected in No. two cylinders, produces stoichiometric mixture Fuel quantity.Fuel is not directly injected in No. two cylinders, occurs in compression stroke too because cylinder reactivates request Late, the fuel of desired amount can not directly be sprayed.

At 3008, the second combustion incident that fuel is used in No. three cylinders through intake port injection into No. three cylinders. Early stage port fuel sprays window 3011, fuel is through intake port injection so that chemistry can be provided in No. three cylinders Measure mixture.When inlet valve is opened at 3013, the fuel sprayed at 3008 is introduced into No. three cylinders.3015 Place, occurs the second combustion incident in No. three cylinders.

At 3025, the second combustion incident that fuel is used in No. two cylinders through intake port injection into No. two cylinders. Early stage port fuel sprays window 3027, fuel is through intake port injection so that chemistry can be provided in No. two cylinders Measure mixture.When inlet valve is opened at 3029, the fuel sprayed at 3025 is introduced into No. two cylinders.3026 Place, occurs the second combustion incident in No. two cylinders.

No. two and No. three cylinders of second of deactivation between SS marks and time T3002.Now not spray fuel, and vapour Do not burnt in cylinder.When engine rotates, No.1 and No. four combusted cylinder air and fuel (not shown).Do not ask cylinder Reactivate.

At time T3002, conclude that cylinder reactivates request for the second time.Increase in response to operator demand's moment of torsion or Other conditions, it can be concluded that cylinder reactivates request.Engine operates under conditions of direct fuel injection is only arranged.Because Port fuel has not been arranged to spray, so first since cylinder reactivates request is injected directly at 3062.Fuel Sprayed during the compression stroke of No. two cylinders, and it is together with the capture air in the cylinder when No. two cylinders are deactivated Burning.The fuel of injection has burnt at the first combustion incident 3063 since the cylinder at T3002 reactivates request.So And in some instances, if No. two cylinders are deactivated in long period, exhaust can be trapped in No. two cylinders, or Person's air can be revealed by piston.During these conditions, after fresh air is inhaled into No. two cylinders, in cylinder deactivation The first direct fuel injection to No. two cylinders after request will be at 3066.

After inlet valve and exhaust valve are reactivated and opened at 3051 and 3052, the pin after time T3002 The first directly injection to No. three cylinders occurs at 3053.The fuel sprayed at 3053 burns at 3054.

Perform at 3066 and directly spray the second of No. two cylinders.The fuel utilization sprayed at 3066 draws at 3065 The air burning entered.The cylinder that spark at 3067 is initiated at T3002 has been reactivated in No. two cylinders since request Second combustion incident.

Perform at 3058 and directly spray the second of No. three cylinders.The fuel utilization sprayed at 3058 draws at 3057 The air burning entered.The cylinder that spark at 3059 is initiated at T3002 has been reactivated in No. three cylinders since request Second combustion incident.

By this way, direct fuel injection can reduce to reactivate the time for the engine cylinder being deactivated Amount.Furthermore it is possible to injection port fuel afterwards is re-enabled by directly spraying in engine cylinder, to improve engine Mixing in cylinder, so as to reduce engine emission.

With reference now to Figure 31, the method for controlling oil pump for engine in response to cylinder mode is shown.Figure 31 side Method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 31 method is stored as non-transitory memory In executable instruction and be included.Figure 31 method can cooperate with system as described herein hardware and other method and hold OK, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 3102, method 3100 judges whether cylinder air inlet door or inlet valve and exhaust valve being switched to deactivation shape The request of state.The request can the method based on Figure 22.If method 3100 judges to exist is switched to deactivation by cylinder poppet The request of state, then answer is yes, and method 3100 advances to 3104.Otherwise, method 3100 advances to 3120.

At 3104, method 3100 determines the minimum oil duct pressure for disabling cylinder poppet under present engine operating mode Power.In one example, engine charge poppet and exhaust poppet valve are usually active, and by valve operator Supply pressurization is oily and is deactivated.Pressurization oil disables inlet valve and exhaust valve so that inlet valve and exhaust valve are in one or more Remained turned-off in cycle of engine.If the pressure of oil reduces, the valve being deactivated can be re-enabled so that the valve Opened and closed in cycle of engine.

It can empirically determine to make what cylinder poppet disabled based on the gentle engine speed of parameter such as engine oil Minimum oil pressure.The minimum oil pressure for disabling cylinder poppet be storable in memory can via the table that parameter is indexed or In function.Method 3100 is indexed to table or function, to determine to make under present engine operating mode what cylinder poppet disabled Minimum oil pressure, and advance to 3106.

At 3106, method 3100 determines to lubricate the minimum oil pressure of engine under present engine operating mode.It can be based on Parameter such as engine oil temperature, engine torque and engine speed come empirically determine lubricate engine minimum oil pressure.Profit The minimum oil pressure of sliding engine be storable in memory can be via in the table or function that parameter is indexed.Method 3100 is right Table or function are indexed, and to determine to lubricate the minimum oil pressure of engine under present engine operating mode, and advance to 3108.

At 3108, method 3100 determines to activate the minimum oil pressure of variable timing camshaft under present engine operating mode. Parameter such as engine oil temperature, engine torque and engine speed can be based on empirically to determine to activate variable timing cam The minimum oil pressure of axle.The minimum oil pressure of actuating variable timing camshaft is storable in can be indexed via parameter in memory Table or function in.Method 3100 is indexed to table or function, to determine to activate variable timing under present engine operating mode The minimum oil pressure of camshaft, and advance to 3110.

At 3110, method 3100 determines maximum oil pressure from the minimum oil pressure determined at 3104-3108, and adjusts cause Device is moved to provide identical value.For example, it is 100kPa that if minimum lift valve, which disables oil pressure, the minimum oil pressure for lubricating engine is 200kPa, and be 150kPa relative to the minimum oil pressure of crank position adjustment camshaft location, then from the minimum oil pressure In maximum oil pressure be 200kPa.It is 200kPa by the oil pressure command supplied by oil pump.Oil pressure command obtained by this is static oil Pressure order.By adjusting oil pump capacity, the position of dump valve or can adjust oil pressure by the oil stream of cooling nozzles.Method 3100 Advance to 3110.

At 3112, method 3100 orders the oil pressure increase in the oil duct for leading to cylinder lifting valve operator.Pass through increase Pumpage order, reduce by the stream of oil duct dump valve, reduce can be with by the stream or increase fuel pump speed of piston cooling nozzle Increase oil pressure.Oil pressure command is increased to the value higher than the value that valve is maintained to closure state so that quickly disable valve.It is this The order of oil pressure increase is dynamic command.Dynamic command can be empirically determined, and is stored in by engine speed and oil In table or array that temperature is indexed.The duration of dynamic command is relatively short, and the duration of static command is longer. By this way, pressure fuel pump order can be made up of static command and dynamic command.In addition, method 3100 can be in response to oil The oil pressure that Mass adjust- ment exports from oil pump.For example, if oil quality were high, improved oil that could be based on renewal or higher quality oil Lubricating ability reduces pressure fuel pump.In addition, method 3100 can not with enabled via air inlet door operators and exhaust valve operation or Cooling nozzles are enabled while cylinder deactivation.Method 3100 advances to 3114.

At 3114, once it is determined that desired cylinder poppet is deactivated, method 3100 just reduces the oil pressure in oil duct To the value or static oil pressure command determined at 3110.Method 3100 advances to 3116.

At 3116, if there is no change cylinder state request, then method 3100 determine cylinder poppet be moved to Solicited status is maintained at its current state.Method 3100, which advances to, to be exited.

At 3120, method 3100, which judges whether cylinder air inlet door or inlet valve and exhaust valve being switched to, enables shape The request of state.The request can be based on operator demand's moment of torsion and/or other vehicle working conditions.Will if the judgement of method 3100 is present Cylinder poppet is switched to the request for the state of enabling, then answer is yes, and method 3100 advances to 3122.Otherwise, method 3100 advance to 3114.

At 3112, method 3100 reduces the oil pressure in the oil duct for leading to cylinder lifting valve operator.Arranged by reducing pump Amount is ordered, increase passes through the stream of oil duct dump valve, increase can be reduced by the stream or reduction fuel pump speed of piston cooling nozzle Oil pressure.Method 3100 advances to 3114.

With reference now to Figure 32, the order for operating engine according to Figure 31 method is shown.In time T3200- Vertical curve at T3204 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 32 shows six curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 32 is curve map of the cylinder deactivation solicited status to the time.Cylinder deactivation is asked It is for enabling the basis with cylinder deactivation.In addition, it can be enabled and cylinder deactivation valve based on cylinder deactivation request.Vertical axes Line represents cylinder deactivation request, and when trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, asks cylinder deactivation.When When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, cylinder deactivation is not asked.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from figure Left lateral view right side increase.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 32 is curve map of the cylinder deactivation state to the time.Vertical axis represents cylinder Dead status, and when dead status trace is in close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, disable one or more hairs Engine cylinder.When trace is in close to the reduced levels of horizontal axis, not cylinder deactivation.Fuel stops flowing to what is be deactivated Cylinder, and the inlet valve for the cylinder being deactivated and exhaust valve remain turned-off in one or more cycle of engine so that Do not burnt in the cylinder being deactivated.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 32 is curve map of the engine oil pumpage order to the time.Vertical axis table Show engine oil pumpage order, and the value of engine oil pumpage order increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Hair Motivation oil pump capacity order is the combined value of static oil pressure command and dynamic oil pressure command.The horizontal axis expression time, and when Between from the increase of the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 32 is curve map of the static oil pressure command to the time.Vertical axis represents static Oil pressure command, and the value of static oil pressure command increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and Time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 32 is curve map of the dynamic oil pressure command to the time.Vertical axis represents dynamic Oil pressure command, and the value of dynamic oil pressure command increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Horizontal axis represents the time, and Time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 32 is curve map of the engine oil channel pressure command to the time.Vertical axis table Show engine oil channel pressure, and the value of engine oil channel pressure command increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Trunnion axis Line represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.Horizontal line 3202 represents to keep at the valve being deactivated In the minimum oil duct pressure of dead status.

At time T3200, cylinder deactivation is not asked, and cylinder is not deactivated.Static oil pressure command is in relatively low water Flat, oil pump capacity order is in reduced levels.Dynamic oil pressure command is zero.Engine oil channel pressure is in reduced levels.

At time T3202, conclude that cylinder deactivation is asked.Reduction or other vehicle works in response to operator demand's moment of torsion Condition, it can be concluded that cylinder deactivation is asked.Cylinder deactivation state instruction cylinder is not deactivated.Dynamic oil pressure command response is stopped in cylinder Increased with request.Static oil pressure command also responds to cylinder deactivation request and increased.Oil pump capacity command response is stopped in cylinder Increased with request.Oil pump capacity order adjusts oil pump capacity.Oil duct pressure-responsive increases in oil pump capacity order.

Alternately, as illustrated, oil duct dump valve can be at least partially closed, to increase oil duct pressure.In addition, one In a little examples, as shown in the figure, it is possible to reduce engine cool jet, to increase oil duct pressure.Furthermore in some instances, such as Shown in figure, increase fuel pump speed to increase oil duct pressure.

At time T3203, cylinder deactivation State Transferring is higher level, to indicate that cylinder valve is sent out in one or more It is deactivated and remains turned-off in motivation circulation.Cylinder deactivation state can be based on one or more sensors (for example, air door operation Device sensor, exhaust sensor or other sensors) output.Oil pump capacity order reduces, and dynamic oil pressure command reduces. Static oil pressure command is maintained at its preceding value.Oil duct pressure is flattened out to be slightly above 3202 oil pressure so that and valve can keep disabling, And oil pump energy expenditure can be reduced.

At time T3204, by concluding that cylinder reactivates request by cylinder deactivation State Transferring is reduced levels. Increase or other vehicle working conditions in response to operator demand's moment of torsion, cylinder can be carried out and reactivated.Cylinder deactivation state table Show that cylinder is deactivated.Dynamic oil pressure command response reactivates request in cylinder and reduced.Static oil pressure command also responds to vapour Cylinder reactivates request and reduced.Oil pump capacity command response reactivates request in cylinder and reduced.Oil pump capacity order is adjusted Whole oil pump capacity.Oil duct pressure-responsive reduces in oil pump capacity order.

Alternately, as illustrated, oil duct dump valve can be at least partially opened, to reduce oil duct pressure.In addition, one In a little examples, as illustrated, engine cool jet can be increased, to reduce oil duct pressure.Furthermore in some instances, such as Shown in figure, fuel pump speed is reduced to reduce oil duct pressure.

At time T3204, cylinder deactivation State Transferring is reduced levels, to indicate that cylinder valve is sent out in one or more It is re-enabled and opens and closes in motivation circulation.The cylinder state of reactivating can be based on one or more sensor (examples Such as, valve operator sensor, exhaust sensor or other sensors) output.Oil pump capacity order is increasing, and dynamic Oil pressure command is increasing.Static oil pressure command is maintained at its preceding value.Oil duct pressure flatten out for corresponding to lubrication engine most Small oil pressure, the value with the maximum oil pressure in the minimum oil pressure of expected rate actuating cam axle.

In this way it is possible to the deactivation of acceleration cylinder and cylinder valve, while reduce the energy of oil pump consumption.In addition, Can be by rapidly reactivating cylinder valve including the order of dynamic oil pressure cntrol.

With reference now to Figure 33, the method for controlling combustion knock in response to cylinder operator scheme is shown.Figure 33 Method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 33 method is stored as non-transitory and deposited Executable instruction in reservoir and be included.Figure 33 method can cooperate with system as described herein hardware and other method Perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 3302, the output of engine knock sensors is mapped or is assigned to active cylinders by method 3300.It is alternative Ground, method 3300 can map the output of engine knock sensors based on the mapping for the cylinder being deactivated.For example, for tool The engine knock sensors for having the four cylinder engine of 1-3-4-2 ignition order and positioning as shown in Figure 2 A, detonation sensor It can be mapped according to table 2.

Table 2

Table 2 includes two cylinder deactivation patterns.First mode is marked as fuel (FUEL), and its description is in inlet valve Fuel is supplied come cylinder deactivation to cylinder by stopping while continuing to open and close in cycle of engine with exhaust valve Pattern.Second mode is marked as fuel and air (FUEL AND AIR), and its description is being sent out in inlet valve and exhaust valve Fuel is supplied come the pattern of cylinder deactivation to cylinder by stopping while being kept closed in motivation circulation.

Cylinder mode is identified as 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7.Change between various patterns can be based on engine in a mould Time for being operated under formula, the oil mass in the cylinder being deactivated, engine revolution in this mode and it is described herein can Cause the other conditions of the patterns of change between different cylinder modes.Pattern 1 be wherein cylinder 1-4 all for it is movable (for example, work as Combustion air and fuel when valve opens and closes in cycle of engine) and engine pass through via caused by cylinder 1-4 Moment of torsion rotates.Pattern 2 is that wherein cylinder 1 and 4 is activity and engine via moment of torsion caused by cylinder 1 and 4 by rotating. Pattern 3 is that wherein cylinder 1,4 and 2 is activity and engine via moment of torsion caused by cylinder 1,4 and 2 by rotating.Pattern 4 It is that wherein cylinder 1,3 and 4 is activity and engine via moment of torsion caused by cylinder 1,3 and 4 by rotating.Pattern 5 is it Middle cylinder 3 and 2 for activity and engine by being rotated via moment of torsion caused by cylinder 3 and 2.Pattern 6 is wherein cylinder 3,4 With 2 for activity and engine by being rotated via moment of torsion caused by cylinder 3,4 and 2.Mode 7 is that wherein cylinder 1,3 and 2 is Movable and engine via moment of torsion caused by cylinder 1,3 and 2 by rotating.Alternately, cylinder mode can describe to be stopped Cylinder.

In this example, it is first with the filling form of value 1 and/or 2, but other values can be used.Value 1 indicates close to No.1 and two The detonation sensor of number cylinder alignment is selected for sampling combustion knock and determining combustion knock.Value 2 indicates Detonation sensor close to No. three and No. four cylinder alignments is selected for sampling combustion knock and determining engine Pinking.For example, when engine is operated with fuel cylinder shutdown mode under cylinder mode A, detonation sensor 1 and 2 is selected simultaneously Detonation sensor 1 and 2 is sampled, for determining the combustion knock in cylinder 1-4.On the other hand, when engine to fire When material and air cylinder shutdown mode operate under cylinder mode F, detonation sensor 2 is that unique pinking for being chosen and sampling passes Sensor, for determining the combustion knock in cylinder 3,4 and 2.

Table 2 shows to distribute each engine knock sensors with for different cylinder modes and different cylinder deactivation moulds Formula detects the pinking in different cylinders.One engine knock sensors can be in a cylinder mode and a cylinder deactivation mould Improved signal to noise ratio is provided under formula, and different detonation sensor can be under a cylinder mode and the second cylinder deactivation pattern Improved signal to noise ratio is provided.In addition, providing the detonation sensor of knock data in response to being distributed according to detonation sensor, can adjust Haircut engine knock threshold value.To distributing to one or more of specific cylinder pattern and cylinder deactivation pattern during cycle of engine Individual engine knock sensors are sampled, to indicate the pinking in active cylinders.Not to be not yet assigned to specific cylinder pattern and The engine knock sensors of cylinder deactivation pattern are sampled, or without using for the pinking during cycle of engine The sample of sensor collection determines combustion knock.In this way it is possible to engine knock sensors are mapped to improve letter Make an uproar ratio.For six cylinders similar mapping can be provided with eight cylinder engine.Method 3300 advances to 3304.

At 3304, method 3300 determines which engine cylinder is activated and disabled.In one example, such as Figure 11 Determined whether there is as being described at 1118 for disabling the condition of one or more cylinders to determine the cylinder being activated. In other examples, active cylinders can be identified as the value of the variable of specific location in memory.Whenever enabling or disable vapour During cylinder, the value of variable can be corrected.For example, the variable in memory can indicate the mode of operation of No.1 cylinder.In variable Value 1 can indicate that No.1 cylinder is movable, and the null value in variable can indicate that No.1 cylinder is deactivated.By this way may be used To determine the mode of operation of each cylinder.Method 3300 proceeds to 3306.

At 3306, method 3300 determines which engine cylinder is without stopping by the The fuel stream for stopping leading to cylinder The air-flow for leading to cylinder is deactivated.Method 3300 also determines which cylinder is the The fuel stream by stopping leading to the cylinder being deactivated It is deactivated with air-flow.In one example, the variable that controller is distributed in memory to each cylinder is to track the deactivation of cylinder Pattern.When cylinder is deactivated, the shutdown mode of cylinder is stored in controller storage.Led to for example, working as by stopping When the The fuel stream for the No.1 cylinder being deactivated leads to the air-flow for the No.1 cylinder being deactivated to disable No.1 cylinder without stopping, becoming The value of amount is 1.On the contrary, when the The fuel stream by stopping leading to the No.1 cylinder being deactivated and air-flow are to disable No.1 cylinder, The value of variable is 0.Can be by any method and system as described herein come cylinder deactivation.Whenever cylinder deactivation, Ke Yixiu The value of positive variable.

In some instances, the table of table 2 can be similar to based on cylinder mode and cylinder deactivation schema construction, to export threshold It is worth knock value.Value in table can be with empirically determined and storage into table.Via cylinder mode and cylinder deactivation pattern to table It is indexed.The table exports the threshold value knock value compared with being exported with detonation sensor.If detonation sensor output exceedes Threshold value knock value, then it can determine pinking.Method 3300 advances to 3308.

At 3308, method 3300 monitors selected detonation sensor to determine combustion knock.Specifically, based on The mapping of the detonation sensor described at 3302 selects detonation sensor.The mapping of detonation sensor is via cylinder mode and vapour Cylinder shutdown mode is indexed.The table output engine detonation sensor, in various cylinder modes and cylinder deactivation pattern Under combustion knock, the engine knock sensors are sampled during cycle of engine.In one example, specific The pinking in the cylinder that detonation sensor enables to detect is monitored during crank angle.

If detonation sensor output exceedes threshold level (for example, knock threshold described at 3306), it indicates that hair Engine knock.In some instances, detonation sensor output can be integrated and compared with threshold level.If integration Detonation sensor output is more than threshold value, it indicates that combustion knock.Method 3300 advances to 3310.

At 3310, method 3300 adjusts actuator in response to the instruction of pinking.In one example, spark timing postpones To reduce combustion knock.The fuel injection of injection timing starts to postpone, to reduce cylinder pressure and reduce combustion knock. Alternately, the fuel quantity of injection can be increased.In addition, cylinder air inflation can be reduced in some cases to reduce engine The possibility of pinking.Furthermore the fuel quantity of intake port injection and the fuel directly sprayed can be adjusted in response to combustion knock The ratio of amount.For example, the fuel quantity directly sprayed can be increased, while the fuel quantity of intake port injection can be reduced.In adjustment actuator Afterwards, method 3300, which advances to, exits.

With reference now to Figure 34, the order for operating engine according to Figure 33 method is shown.In time T3400- Vertical curve at T3407 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 34 shows six curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.Figure 34 order represents to be used at a substantially constant speed with operator demand's moment of torsion (for example, moment of torsion It is less than the order for 5%) operating four cylinder engine with velocity variations.

The first curve map at the top of Figure 34 be the spark of active cylinders (for example, cylinder of combustion air and fuel) just When to the curve map of time.Vertical axis represents the spark timing of active cylinders, and when trace is in close to vertical axis arrow During the higher level of head, spark is more in advance.When trace be in close to horizontal axis reduced levels when, spark shift to an earlier date it is less or Delay.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 34 is curve map of the active cylinders group to the time.Vertical axis expression activity vapour Cylinder group, and when trace is in cylinder group level, cylinder group is movable.In this example, two possible cylinders be present Group A and B, as indicated by along vertical axis.The instruction of group 1 cylinder 1-4 is activity and positive combustion air and fuel.Group 2 refers to It is activity and positive combustion air and fuel to show cylinder 1 and 4.When it is activity to organize 3, cylinder 2 and 3 is deactivated.Water Flat axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 34 is curve map of the cylinder deactivation pattern to the time.Vertical axis represents cylinder Shutdown mode.When cylinder deactivation trace is close to vertical axis center, cylinder is not deactivated.When trace is close to vertical axis arrow When, by stopping supplying air and fuel to the cylinder being deactivated to disable the cylinder being deactivated.When trace is close to horizontal axis When, it is deactivated while air flow is by the cylinder that is deactivated by stopping supplying fuel to the cylinder being deactivated to disable Cylinder.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map at the top of Figure 34 is to show the curve map of the detonation sensor that is sampled to the time.Vertical axes Line represents the detonation sensor being sampled.The instruction of value 1 only has the first detonation sensor to be sampled.The instruction of value 2 only has the second pinking Sensor is sampled.Value 1 and 2 indicates that both the first detonation sensor and the second detonation sensor are sampled.Horizontal axis represents Time, and the time increase from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 34 is the curve map of detonation sensor output amplitude versus time.Vertical axis table Show detonation sensor amplitude, and detonation sensor output increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Solid line 3404 is to come from The output of first detonation sensor.Dotted line 3406 is the output from the second detonation sensor.Horizontal axis represents the time, and Time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.Dotted line 3402 is represented for the threshold value water for comparing detonation sensor output It is flat.If detonation sensor output is more than 3402, it indicates that combustion knock.For cylinder group and cylinder deactivation mode adjustment 3402 level.

The 6th curve map from the top of Figure 34 is curve map of the indicated combustion knock to the time.Vertical axis table Show indicated combustion knock.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.It can ring Combustion knock indicated by Ying Yu adjusts engine actuators, to reduce the possibility of further combustion knock.

At time T3400, cylinder group 1 is movable, and spark timing is more in advance.Cylinder is not deactivated, therefore The instruction of cylinder deactivation pattern is not deactivated cylinder.The detonation sensor being sampled is 1 and 2 so as to the first detonation sensor Sampled with the second detonation sensor, to determine whether there is combustion knock.It is quick-fried from the first detonation sensor and second The output of shake sensor is less than threshold value 3402, therefore does not indicate combustion knock.

At time T3401, active cylinders group is switched to group 2.Two engine cylinders are in group 2 (such as No. two and No. three Cylinder) under disable.Active cylinders group can be in response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion or other change (examples of vehicle working condition Such as, engine temperature reaches threshold temperature) and change.Even if operator demand's moment of torsion does not change (not shown), spark timing Also postpone to reflect the higher load in two active cylinders.Lead to the The fuel stream of cylinder by disabling to disable two cylinders. Stop fuel injection to stop the The fuel stream for leading to two cylinders.Because cylinder deactivation pattern is fuel, so air continues to flow The dynamic cylinder by being deactivated.The detonation sensor being sampled keeps constant.Due to two engine cylinders be it is inactive and And combustion noise can be reduced, so while ambient noise can be reduced, thus by detonation sensor threshold value 3402 be reduced to compared with Low-level.The output of detonation sensor is no more than threshold value 3402, therefore does not indicate combustion knock.

At time T3402, active cylinders group switches back into group 1.Active cylinders group can be in response to operator demand's moment of torsion Increase, engine temperature reduction or other conditions and change state.Cylinder deactivation pattern switching returns central value, does not have with instruction There is cylinder to be deactivated.The detonation sensor being sampled keeps constant.Detonation sensor threshold value increase returns to its previous level, and Because detonation sensor output is less than threshold value 3402, so not indicating combustion knock.Engine spark timing returns to its elder generation Preceding value.

At time T3403, active cylinders group again switches to group 2.By disable lead to fuel and the air of cylinder come Disable two cylinders.Fuel injection stops stopping leading to the The fuel stream of two cylinders, and two during cycle of engine The inlet valve and exhaust valve for the cylinder being deactivated remain turned-off, to stop leading to the air-flow of two cylinders being deactivated.It is sampled Detonation sensor keep it is constant.Due to no burning in the cylinder because being deactivated and by reducing because valve impacts to disable Cylinder valve can reduce ambient noise, so detonation sensor threshold value 3402 is reduced into floor level.First detonation sensor Output with the second detonation sensor is no more than threshold value 3402, therefore does not indicate combustion knock.Spark timing postpones to reflect Increased load on active cylinders, so as to maintain operator demand's moment of torsion.

At time T3404, the output of the first detonation sensor exceedes threshold value 3402.Therefore, as shown in the 6th curve map Indicate combustion knock like that.In response to the instruction of combustion knock, further postpone spark timing.Active cylinders group keeps 2, And lead to the cylinder air-flow for the cylinder being deactivated and The fuel stream keeps stopping.The detonation sensor being sampled keeps constant.It is quick-fried Shake sensor output postpones increase in response to spark and reduced.

At time T3405, active cylinders group switches back into group 1.Cylinder deactivation pattern switching returns central value, does not have with instruction Cylinder is deactivated.The detonation sensor being sampled keeps constant.Detonation sensor threshold value increase returns to its initial level, and by It is less than threshold value 3402 in detonation sensor output, so not indicating combustion knock.

At time T3406, active cylinders group is switched to group 3.In cylinder group 3, three cylinders are (for example, numbering is 1,4 With 2 cylinder) be movable.The detonation sensor being sampled is switched to 1 from 1 and 2.Therefore, when group 3 is activated and by stopping When only The fuel stream is without stopping leading to air-flow (for example, the fuel as shown in table 2) for the cylinder being deactivated, the first detonation sensor It is the detonation sensor being uniquely sampled.By switching the detonation sensor being sampled, can improve for determining that engine is quick-fried The signal to noise ratio of shake.Because the output of the first detonation sensor and the second detonation sensor is less than threshold value 3402, so not indicating to send out Engine knock.

At time T3407, active cylinders group switches back into group 1.Cylinder deactivation pattern switching returns central value, does not have with instruction Cylinder is deactivated.Detonation sensor threshold value increase returns to its initial level, and due to the first detonation sensor and the second pinking The output of sensor is less than threshold value 3402, so not indicating combustion knock.

In this way it is possible to different detonation sensor is adopted in response to active cylinders group and cylinder deactivation pattern Sample.In addition, with detonation sensor export compared with threshold level can in response to cylinder mode and cylinder deactivation pattern and Change.What cylinder mode, the detonation sensor being sampled, knock threshold level and cylinder group were exemplary in nature, not It is intended to limitation the scope of the present disclosure or range.

With reference now to Figure 35, show for the method in response to cylinder deactivation Schema control combustion knock.Figure 35's Method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 35 method is stored as non-transitory storage Executable instruction in device and be included.Figure 35 method can cooperate with system as described herein hardware and other method and hold OK, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 3502, method 3500 estimates the temperature of engine cylinder, and/or the cylinder to being deactivated via model The substantial amt for the cycle of engine being deactivated is counted.The temperature of cylinder that is activity and being deactivated is modeled.At one In example, the steady temperature of cylinder is determined at 3504 by below equation：

CYLss=Cyl_temp_fn (N, L, Cyl_d_state) AF_fn (afr) Spk_fn (spkMBT) EGR_ fn(EGR)

Wherein CYLss is the estimate of stable state cylinder temperature (for example, temperature of cylinder)；Cyl_temp_fn is according to hair The cylinder temperature of motivation rotating speed (N), engine load (L) and cylinder deactivation state (CYL_d_state)；AF_fn is to provide use In the function of the real number multiplier of cylinder air-fuel ratio (afr)；Spk_fn is to be used to be based on the fire for MBT spark timing (spkMBT) Flower delay provides the function of real number multiplier for cylinder spark；And EGR_fn is to provide for exhaust gas recirculatioon percentage (EGR) Real number multiplier function.CYL_d_state mark cylinders are activities and combustion air and fuel are also off not Combustion air and fuel so that if engine cylinder is changed into disabling from enabling, output CYLss changes, or vice versa it is as the same.Vapour The steady temperature passage time constant of cylinder is modified, and is estimated with providing cylinder temperature by below equation：

Wherein CYL_tmpIt is the cylinder temperature finally estimated, CYL₀It is initial cylinder temperature, t is the time, and when τ is system Between constant.In one example, τ is the function of air-flow by the estimative cylinder of temperature and engine temperature.Specifically, when The The fuel stream for leading to cylinder is deactivated and when burning in cylinder stops, and air flow passes through cylinder.τ value is with passing through cylinder Air-flow reduce and increase, and τ value increases and reduction with by the air-flow of cylinder.τ value with engine temperature raise and Reduce, and τ value is reduced and increased with engine temperature.If cylinder is not deactivated longer duration, CYL_tmpValue Proximity values CYLss.Method 3500 advances to 3506.

At 3506, method 3500 is deactivated to one or more cylinders and the engine of combustion air and fuel does not follow The substantial amt of ring is counted.In one example, counter is deactivated to one or more cylinders in the following manner The actual number of cycle of engine counted：To actual total turn of the engine since one or more cylinders are deactivated Number is counted, and due to two engine revolutions in a cycle of engine be present, by the above results divided by 2.Pass through The output of engine crankshaft position sensor determines the actual revolution of engine.

At 3508, method 3500 monitors the pinking of all engine cylinders.Can be via one or more combustion knocks The pinking of all engine cylinders of Sensor monitoring.Engine knock sensors can include but is not limited to accelerometer, pressure passes Sensor and sonic transducer.The pinking of each cylinder can be monitored during predetermined crankshaft angles interval or window.When pinking passes When the output of sensor exceedes threshold value, combustion knock may be present.Method 3500 advances to 3510.

At 3510, method 3500 reduces the possibility of the pinking in the engine cylinder for wherein indicating pinking.At one In example, method 3500 is by postponing wherein to indicate that the spark timing of the cylinder of combustion knock refers at 3508 to reduce in it Show the possibility of the combustion knock in the cylinder of combustion knock.In other examples, the beginning of fuel injection timing can prolong Late.Method 3500 advances to 3512.

At 3512, method 3500 shifts to an earlier date the spark timing of the wherein cylinder that spark timing is delayed by, to reduce engine The possibility of pinking.Spark timing is advanced to improve engine fuel economy, engine emission and engine efficiency.Spark Timing can advance to the spark timing limit (for example, most preferably starting based on basic spark proactive gain from the spark timing of delay Minimum spark during machine moment of torsion shifts to an earlier date (MBT)).

The spark proactive gain of cylinder can be based on the cylinder estimated at 3504 temperature and/or following of being deactivated of cylinder The count number and cylinder of ring have enabled the count number of the cylinder cycle of cylinder since last time disables.Basic spark can be carried Preceding gain is added to the spark timing of delay.In one example, the spark proactive gain of cylinder can be expressed as X degrees seconds, wherein The value of variable X is based on cylinder temperature.Therefore, by the way that spark proactive gain value to be added to the spark timing of delay, spark can be from The timing of delay shifts to an earlier date.For example, if MBT spark timing is 20 degree before top dead centre, and spark timing is quick-fried in response to engine Shake is deferred to 10 bent axle degree before top dead centre, then by spark timing, 10 bent axle degree carry spark proactive gain before top dead centre in one second It is preceding to 20 bent axle degree before top dead centre, unless indicating combustion knock in early spark timing.In other examples, spark shifts to an earlier date Gain can increase or decrease the multiplier of basic spark timing.For example, spark proactive gain can be changed between 1 and 2 Real number so that if basic spark timing is 10 degree before top dead centre, increased in advance by the way that basic spark timing is multiplied by into spark Benefit, spark timing can be advanceed to before top dead centre 20 degree.By this way, when spark timing can return to MBT spark in advance Between, to improve engine emission, fuel economy and performance.Method 3500, which advances to, to be exited.

Alternately, spark gain can be the circulation that cylinder is deactivated count number and cylinder from last time disable with To enable the function of the count number of the cylinder cycle of cylinder.If for example, before running into pinking in the cylinder, cylinder 10, It is deactivated in 000 cycle of engine, and is activated in 5 cycle of engine, then spark gain can be higher value (example Such as, 2 degrees second).If however, before running into pinking in the cylinder, cylinder is deactivated in 500 cycle of engine, and It is activated in 5 circulations, then spark gain can be smaller value (for example, 1 degrees second).

Temperature accordingly, in response to cylinder and/or since one or more cylinders are deactivated cycle of engine reality Sum can adjust the speed that spark can be in advance after spark is postponed for combustion knock.Therefore, spark can be adjusted Speed in advance, to reduce the possibility of the combustion knock in early spark.However, spark can be imitated with improving engine The speed of rate, economy and performance shifts to an earlier date.

With reference now to Figure 36, the order for operating engine according to Figure 35 method is shown.In time T3600- Vertical curve at T3606 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 36 shows five curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.Figure 36 order is represented for constant speed and operator demand's torque operation four cylinder engine Sequentially.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 36 is cylinder (for example, the not cylinder of burning fuel and air) temperature to shown The curve map of the time of cylinder operation.Vertical axis represents cylinder temperature, and cylinder temperature is in the direction of vertical axis arrow Upper increase.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 36 is the curve map for the time that cylinder spark timing operates to shown cylinder.It is perpendicular Straight axis represents the spark timing of cylinder, and spark increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow in advance.Horizontal axis represents Time, and the time increase from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 36 is the curve map for the time that cylinder deactivation pattern operates to shown cylinder.It is perpendicular Straight axis represents cylinder deactivation pattern.When trace is close to vertical axis center, cylinder is not deactivated.When trace is close to vertical axes During line arrow, by stopping supplying air and fuel to cylinder come cylinder deactivation.When trace is close to horizontal axis, in air stream Move by supplying fuel to cylinder come cylinder deactivation by stopping while cylinder.Horizontal axis represent the time, and the time from The right side increase of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 36 is that the cylinder spark in units of bent axle degree per second of shown cylinder shifts to an earlier date The curve map of gain versus time.Vertical axis represents spark proactive gain, and spark proactive gain is in vertical axis arrow Increase on direction.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 36 is curve map of the indicated combustion knock to the time.Vertical axis table Show the instruction of combustion knock, and when trace is in close to the level of vertical axis arrow, indicate combustion knock.It is horizontal Axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At time T3600, cylinder temperature is high, and the spark timing of cylinder is more in advance.Cylinder is not deactivated, such as logical Cylinder deactivation mode trace is crossed to be in indicated by by-level.The spark gain of cylinder is in reduced levels, and does not indicate Combustion knock.

At time T3601, engine cylinder is disabled by stopping leading to The fuel stream and the air-flow of cylinder, such as passes through vapour Indicated by cylinder shutdown mode trace.By the way that the air inlet of cylinder and exhaust poppet valve are remained turned-off during cycle of engine, Stop the air-flow for leading to the cylinder being deactivated.Alternately, the inlet valve for the cylinder being deactivated may remain off, and be deactivated The exhaust valve of cylinder opens and closes during cycle of engine.The temperature of cylinder is begun to decline, but because air does not flow By the cylinder being deactivated, so the temperature of cylinder compared with low rate to decline.When cylinder is deactivated, cylinder spark proactive gain Keep constant.Because cylinder is deactivated, so the spark timing of cylinder is not shown, combustion knock is not indicated.

At time T3602, by supplying fuel and air to cylinder to reactivate cylinder, such as pass through cylinder deactivation mould Formula trace is transformed into indicated by by-level.Cylinder spark proactive gain is increased based on the temperature of cylinder.The spark of cylinder Timing returns to level, and the temperature of cylinder is begun to ramp up in advance.Do not indicate pinking.

At time T3603, combustion knock is indicated, and the spark timing of cylinder postpones to mitigate combustion knock. Cylinder temperature raises, but with the horizontal horizontal rise steady in a long-term less than under present engine rotating speed and load.Cylinder is activity , and cylinder spark proactive gain is in elevated levels.

Between time T3603 and time T3604, increase cylinder using the spark proactive gain of the temperature based on cylinder Spark timing.When the spark of cylinder increases in advance, pinking is not present in cylinder.Spark is in advance with set rate (for example, 10 Bent axle degrees second) increase so that after postponing cylinder spark timing in response to combustion knock, engine efficiency, property can be improved Can and it discharge.After cylinder has been activated and cylinder temperature has increased, reduce cylinder spark proactive gain.

At time T3604, when air continues flow through the cylinder being deactivated, pass through the fuel for stopping leading to cylinder Stream, second of deactivation engine cylinder, as indicated by by cylinder deactivation mode trace.Cylinder temperature is in it in the time Level residing for T3600, and then begun to decline with faster speed, because flowing through the air cooling cylinder of cylinder. Because cylinder is deactivated, the pinking in cylinder is not indicated.

At time T3605, by supplying spark and fuel to cylinder to reactivate cylinder.In response to the hair asked The increase of motivation moment of torsion or other operating modes, can reactivate cylinder.Cylinder spark timing is value more in advance or timing.In vapour After cylinder is re-enabled, cylinder temperature starts to increase.In response to enabling cylinder, cylinder spark proactive gain also increases, in vapour Pinking is not indicated in cylinder.

At time T3606, combustion knock is indicated.When indicating pinking, the temperature of cylinder is in reduced levels.Response Pinking in cylinder, the spark timing delay of cylinder.The temperature of cylinder continues to increase.

After time T3606, cylinder spark timing with set rate (for example, 15 bent axle degrees seconds) in advance so that can be with Improve engine efficiency, performance and discharge after active cylinders spark timing is postponed in response to combustion knock.Cylinder spark Timing is increased with ramp system, and with than speed faster at time T3603 increase.Because cylinder temperature ratio is in the time It is low at T3603, so spark timing is increased with faster speed.Pinking is not indicated in the cylinder, and cylinder temperature continues to increase Add.

In this way it is possible to adjusting engine spark just in response to cylinder deactivation pattern and cylinder spark proactive gain When.Furthermore it is possible to mitigate combustion knock, while reduce the degeneration of engine performance and discharge.

With reference now to Figure 37, the method for controlling combustion knock in the case where cylinder deactivation be present is shown.Figure 37 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 37 method is stored as non-transitory Executable instruction in memory and be included.Figure 37 method can assist with system as described herein hardware and other method Perform, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

With reference now to 3702, method 3700 determines the combustion knock window for detecting the pinking in each engine cylinder Mouthful.In one example, combustion knock detection window is the expected engine crankshaft interval that combustion knock occurs.For example, If the top dead centre compression stroke of No.1 cylinder is 0 bent axle degree, the pinking in expectable No.1 cylinder is in top dead centre No.1 vapour After cylinder compression stroke after 20 bent axle degree and top dead centre No.1 compression stroke cylinder between 50 bent axle degree.Therefore, at this In example, the knock detection of No.1 cylinder is after top dead centre No.1 compression stroke cylinder between 20 bent axle degree and 50 bent axle degree.Can Similarly limit the knock detection window for other engine cylinders.Can for the combustion knock window ranges of each cylinder It is empirically determined and be stored in the table in controller storage or function.Table enters via engine speed and engine torque Line index.Method 3700 advances to 3704.

At 3704, method 3700 is with being based on present engine position and combustion knock window selection to one or more Individual engine knock sensors output is sampled.For example, 20 bent axles after top dead centre No.1 compression stroke cylinder of method 3700 Spend with being sampled between 50 bent axle degree after top dead centre No.1 compression stroke cylinder to engine knock sensors, with Determine the detonation sensor output of the knock window of No.1 cylinder.Method 3700 advances to 3706.

At 3706, method 3700, which judges to whether there is in nearest or current detonation sensor window, is used for pinking biography The good signal to noise ratio of sensor output.In one example, the judgement of method 3700 can be based on being stored in controller storage Table or function predetermined signal to noise ratio.Table or function can be turned round according to current cylinder knocking window, engine speed and engine Square is indexed.If method 3700 judges good signal to noise ratio be present, answer is yes, and method 3700 advances to 3720.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3700 advances to 3708.

At 3708, method 3700 judges whether one or more engine cylinders are deactivated.In one example, store Variable in device includes the value for the cylinder that mark is deactivated.For example, if cylinder is deactivated, then it represents that the operation shape of No.1 cylinder The variable of state can have a null value, and if cylinder is activity and in burning fuel and air, then the variable can have Value 1.If method 3700 judges that one or more engine cylinders are deactivated, answer is yes, and method 3700 advances to 3710.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3700 advances to 3740.

At 3710, method 3700 is judged in the knock window (for example, current knock window) under current crankshaft angles Detonation sensor output noise or the knock window that has just been sampled of detonation sensor output wherein (for example, current knock window Mouthful) during detonation sensor output noise whether subject cylinder based on the cylinder deactivation of fuel and air influence.For example, eight cylinders The combustion incident of engine is only separated by 90 bent axle degree.Therefore, sent out for eight cylinders of the ignition order with 1-3-7-2-6-5-4-8 Motivation, the combustion noise (for example, being vibrated by valve-closing caused by combustion pressure and obstruction) from No. six cylinders can enter The knock window of No. five cylinders.If method 3700 is assessing the detonation sensor noise in the knock window of No. five cylinders, And lead to The fuel stream and the air-flow of No. five cylinders by disabling to disable No. five cylinders, then method 3700 may determine that based on combustion The cylinder deactivation of material and air influences the detonation sensor noise in No. five cylinder knocking windows.Pay attention to, even if in this example, No. five cylinders are deactivated, but during the condition in low signal-to-noise ratio during No. five cylinder activities, the noise in its knock window can use In processing detonation sensor output.

Alternately, if method 3700 is assessing the detonation sensor noise in the knock window of No. five cylinders, lead to Cross and disable the The fuel stream for leading to No. six cylinders and air-flow to disable No. six cylinders, and when No. five cylinders are activities and are being burnt When air and fuel, the noise from No. six cylinders is (for example, exhaust valve closes when inlet valve remains turned-off during cylinder cycle The noise closed, or the compression in the cylinder being deactivated and the noise of expansion) enter the knock windows of No. five cylinders, then method 3700 may determine that the detonation sensor noise influenceed based on the cylinder deactivation of fuel and air in No. five cylinder knocking windows.Such as Fruit method 3700 judges the detonation sensor output in the knock window (for example, current knock window) under current crankshaft angles Pinking sensing during the knock window (for example, current knock window) that noise or detonation sensor output wherein have just been sampled Device output noise subject cylinder is influenceed based on the cylinder deactivation of fuel and air, then answer is yes, and method 3700 advances to 3742.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3700 advances to 3712.

At 3712, method 3700 is judged in the knock window (for example, current knock window) under current crankshaft angles Detonation sensor output noise or the knock window that has just been sampled of detonation sensor output wherein (for example, current knock window Mouthful) during detonation sensor output noise whether the cylinder deactivation based on fuel of subject cylinder influences.If for example, method 3700 are assessing the detonation sensor noise in the knock window of No. five cylinders, and lead to when air flow is to No. five cylinders Deactivation The fuel stream is crossed to disable No. five cylinders, then it is quick-fried to may determine that the cylinder deactivation based on fuel influences No. five cylinders for method 3700 Shake in window detonation sensor noise (for example, the noise that the valve from No. five and No. six cylinders opens and closes, and Compression and expanded noise from No. five and No. six cylinders).

Alternately, if method 3700 is assessing the detonation sensor noise in the knock window of No. five cylinders, when Air flow disables No. six cylinders to during No. six cylinders by disabling The fuel stream, and when No. five cylinders are activities and are being fired When burning air and fuel, the noise from No. six cylinders is (for example, the exhaust valve when inlet valve remains turned-off during cylinder cycle The noise of closing, or the compression in the cylinder being deactivated and the noise of expansion) into the knock window of No. five cylinders, then it is square Method 3700 may determine that the cylinder deactivation based on fuel influences the detonation sensor noise in No. five cylinder knocking windows.If side Method 3700 judges the detonation sensor output noise in the knock window (for example, current knock window) under current crankshaft angles Or the detonation sensor during the knock window (for example, current knock window) that has just been sampled of detonation sensor output wherein is defeated Going out the cylinder deactivation based on fuel of noise subject cylinder influences, then answer is yes, and method 3700 advances to 3742.Otherwise, Answer is no, and method 3700 advances to 3730.

At 3714, method 3700 is carried out during current knock window to the output from the detonation sensor being sampled Bandpass filtering.Bandpass filter can be single order or higher order filter.Learn from else's experience filtering detonation sensor data average value come Second knock reference value is provided.In some instances, determine that second is quick-fried during the condition that can be expected not occur pinking wherein Shake reference value.For example, when spark timing postpones 3 bent axles before the spark timing of border and spent, it may be determined that the second pinking refers to Value.Furthermore it is possible to periodically rather than in each cycle of engine determine the second knock reference value (for example, specifically sending out Under motivation rotating speed and moment of torsion, for every 1000 combustion incidents in cylinder for once).Method 3700 advances to 3716.

At 3716, method 3700 is sensed based on the second pinking with reference to handle the pinking obtained in current knock window Device data, to determine to whether there is pinking in the cylinder to burn for current knock window.In one example, working as The detonation sensor data obtained in preceding knock window are integrated to provide integration knock value.Then will integration knock value divided by the Two knock reference values, and by result compared with threshold value.If the result is more than threshold value, it indicates that associated with knock window Cylinder pinking.Otherwise, pinking is not indicated.Pinking can be indicated by changing the value of variable in memory.Method 3700 Advance to 3718.

At 3718, method 3700 adjusts actuator to mitigate combustion knock.In one example, with knock window phase The spark timing of the cylinder of association is delayed by.Additionally or alternatively, can by adjust valve timing reduce lead to The air-flow of the associated cylinder of knock window.In another example, by adjusting the timing of fuel injector, can make with it is quick-fried Shake the air-fuel ratio enrichment of the associated cylinder of window.After mitigation pinking of taking action, method 3700 exits.

At 3720, method 3700 judges whether to reactivate one or more engine cylinders.Method 3700 can be with base In one or more of the memory variable for changing state judge one or more engine cylinders be re-enabled or It is requested to reactivate.If for example, cylinder deactivation, then it represents that the variable of the mode of operation of No.1 cylinder can have null value, And if cylinder is re-enabled, then the value can be exchanged into value 1.If method 3700 judges one or more engines Cylinder is re-enabled, then answer is yes, and method 3700 advances to 3722.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3700 advance to 3724.

At 3722, the one or more knock reference values for the cylinder being re-enabled are adjusted to exist just by method 3700 The cylinder being re-enabled be deactivated before knock reference value possessed by one or more predetermined values.Predetermined value can basis Empirically determined and storage is into memory.When asking cylinder deactivation, just before the cylinder being re-enabled is deactivated Value storage is into memory possessed by knock reference value.Accordingly, in response to cylinder deactivation, in various engine speed and moment of torsion Under the knock reference value of knock window of each cylinder store into memory, and in response to enabling the cylinder being deactivated, Identical knock reference value is retrieved from memory so that knock reference value be for the cylinder condition that enables it is rational, without It is used in the knock reference value determined during cylinder deactivation.When cylinder is re-enabled, referred to from memory search pinking Value can improve knock detection.Method 3700 advances to 3724.

At 3724, method 3700 is carried out during current knock window to the output from the detonation sensor being sampled Bandpass filtering.Bandpass filter can be single order or higher order filter.Learn from else's experience filtering detonation sensor data average value come 3rd knock reference value is provided.In some instances, determine that the 3rd is quick-fried during the condition that can be expected not occur pinking wherein Shake reference value.For example, when spark timing postpones 3 bent axles before the spark timing of border and spent, it may be determined that the 3rd pinking refers to Value.Furthermore it is possible to periodically rather than in each cycle of engine determine the 3rd knock reference value (for example, specifically sending out Under motivation rotating speed and moment of torsion, for every 1000 combustion incidents in cylinder for once).Knock reference value can be not revised as Three reference values, time or cycle of engine until having had occurred that scheduled volume since cylinder reactivates.On the contrary, the 3rd is quick-fried Shake reference value can be the knock reference value determined at 3722, until meeting predetermined condition.Method 3700 advances to 3726.

At 3726, method 3700 is sensed based on the 3rd pinking with reference to handle the pinking obtained in current knock window Device data, to determine to whether there is pinking in the cylinder wherein to burn for current knock window.In one example, The detonation sensor data obtained in current knock window are integrated to provide integration knock value.Then integration knock value is removed With the 3rd knock reference value, and by result compared with threshold value.If the result is more than threshold value, it indicates that with knock window phase The pinking of the cylinder of association.Otherwise, pinking is not indicated.Pinking can be indicated by changing the value of variable in memory.Method 3700 advance to 3718.

At 3730 and 3740, method 3700 is during current knock window to from the defeated of the detonation sensor being sampled Go out to carry out bandpass filtering.Bandpass filter can be single order or higher order filter.Learn from else's experience filtering detonation sensor data it is flat Average provides the 4th knock reference value.In some instances, determined during the condition that can be expected not occur pinking wherein 4th knock reference value.For example, when spark timing postpones 3 bent axles before the spark timing of border and spent, it may be determined that the 4th is quick-fried Shake reference value.Furthermore it is possible to periodically rather than in each cycle of engine determine the 4th knock reference value (for example, in spy Under fixed engine speed and moment of torsion, for every 1000 combustion incidents in cylinder for once).Method 3700 advances to 3746。

At 3746, method 3700 judges whether the 4th knock reference value is more than threshold value.Threshold value can test determination through basis And store into memory.If other knock reference value is higher than threshold value, because the mode of determination knock intensity, pinking are strong Angle value can reduce.Therefore, in order to improve detonation sensor output signal to noise ratio, can select the first knock reference value (for example, Determined at 3742) or the second knock reference value (for example, at 3714 determine) rather than the 4th knock reference value it is quick-fried to handle Shake sensing data.If method 3700 judges that the 4th knock reference value is more than threshold value, answer is yes, and before method 3700 Proceed to 3750.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3700 advances to 3748.

At 3748, method 3700 is sensed based on the 4th pinking with reference to handle the pinking obtained in current knock window Device data, to determine to whether there is pinking in the cylinder wherein to burn for current knock window.In one example, The detonation sensor data obtained in current knock window are integrated to provide integration knock value.Then integration knock value is removed With the 4th knock reference value, and by result compared with threshold value.If the result is more than threshold value, it indicates that with knock window phase The pinking of the cylinder of association.Otherwise, pinking is not indicated.Pinking can be indicated by changing the value of variable in memory.Method 3700 advance to 3718.

At 3750, method 3700 is based on for present engine rotating speed and the first pinking reference of moment of torsion determination or second Pinking refers to but handles the detonation sensor data obtained in current knock window in the case of the cylinder being deactivated, with true It is scheduled in the cylinder wherein to be burnt for current knock window and whether there is pinking.Then knock value divided by first will be integrated Knock reference value or the second knock reference value, and by result compared with threshold value.If the result is more than threshold value, it indicates that with The pinking of the associated cylinder of knock window.Otherwise, pinking is not indicated.It can be indicated by changing the value of variable in memory Pinking.First knock reference value can be used for determining the combustion knock during first condition, and the second knock reference value can For determining the combustion knock during second condition., can be with for example, if engine throttled back noise is more than threshold value Use the first knock reference value.If engine throttled back noise is less than threshold value, the second knock reference value can be used.Side Method 3700 advances to 3718.

At 3742, method 3700 is carried out during current knock window to the output from the detonation sensor being sampled Bandpass filtering.Bandpass filter can be single order or higher order filter.Learn from else's experience filtering detonation sensor data average value come First knock reference value is provided.In some instances, determine that first is quick-fried during the condition that can be expected not occur pinking wherein Shake reference value.For example, when spark timing postpones 3 bent axles before the spark timing of border and spent, it may be determined that the first pinking refers to Value.Furthermore it is possible to periodically rather than in each cycle of engine determine the first knock reference value (for example, specifically sending out Under motivation rotating speed and moment of torsion, for every 1000 combustion incidents in cylinder for once).Method 3700 advances to 3744.

At 3744, method 3700 is sensed based on the first pinking with reference to handle the pinking obtained in current knock window Device data, to determine to whether there is pinking in the cylinder wherein to burn for current knock window.In one example, The detonation sensor data obtained in current knock window are integrated to provide integration knock value.Then integration knock value is removed With the second knock reference value, and by result compared with threshold value.If the result is more than threshold value, it indicates that with knock window phase The pinking of the cylinder of association.Otherwise, pinking is not indicated.Pinking can be indicated by changing the value of variable in memory.Method 3700 advance to 3718.

When engine turns over all engine cylinder knock windows in cycle of engine, each engine can be directed to Cylinder performs method 3700.What the example in the description of method 3700 was exemplary in nature, it is not intended to limit the disclosure.

In addition, the spark timing for the cylinder being deactivated by not more new variables and/or adjustment is not (for example, to being deactivated Cylinder provides spark), the knock control for the cylinder being deactivated can be suspended.In one example, the cylinder being deactivated is instructed to Give combustion knock controller so that antiknock regulator need not continue with the detonation sensor number of the cylinder for being deactivated According to.

In this way it is possible to knock reference value is adjusted in response to cylinder deactivation pattern and cylinder deactivation, to improve letter Make an uproar than being detected with combustion knock.Furthermore it is possible to provided based on cylinder deactivation under specific engine speed and moment of torsion multiple Knock reference value.

With reference now to Figure 38, the order for operating engine according to Figure 37 method is shown.In time T3800- Vertical curve at T3804 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 38 shows three curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.Figure 38 order is represented for constant speed and operator demand's torque operation four cylinder engine Sequentially.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 38 is curve map of the knock reference value to the time of No.1 cylinder.Vertical axis The knock reference value of No.1 cylinder is represented, and knock reference value increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Higher pinking Reference value indicates higher background engine noise (for example, not being that engine noise is evaluated as caused by the pinking in cylinder For pinking).Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.According to operating mode, No.1 cylinder is quick-fried Shaking reference value can be based on the first reference value, the second reference value, the 3rd reference value or other reference value.Horizontal line 3802 represents Threshold level, the 4th knock reference value can not be selected higher than the threshold level.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 38 is curve map of the selected knock reference value to the time of No.1 cylinder.It is perpendicular Straight axis represents the selected knock reference value of No.1 cylinder, and knock reference value increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow Add.Selected knock reference value can be based on the first knock reference value, the second knock reference value, the 3rd knock reference value or the 4th Knock reference value.4th knock reference value can determine as described in Figure 37, and selected pinking refers to and is based on Current vehicle Condition.Selected reference value is the reference value for handling the detonation sensor information being sampled in knock window, to judge Whether pinking (for example, 3748 of Figure 37 at) is indicated.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time is from the right side of the left lateral view of figure Side increases.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 38 is curve map of the cylinder deactivation pattern to the time.Vertical axis represents cylinder Shutdown mode.When cylinder deactivation trace is close to vertical axis center, cylinder is not deactivated.When trace is close to vertical axis arrow When, by stopping supplying air and fuel to the cylinder being deactivated to disable the cylinder being deactivated.When trace is close to horizontal axis When, it is deactivated while air flow is by the cylinder that is deactivated by stopping supplying fuel to the cylinder being deactivated to disable Cylinder.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At the time 3800, No.1 cylinder knocking reference value is less than the higher median of threshold value 3802.Because cylinder is not It is deactivated, and detonation sensor signal to noise ratio is low, so No.1 cylinder knocking reference value is the 3rd knock reference value (for example, figure 37 3724).Engine cylinder is not deactivated, as indicated by the cylinder state by being deactivated is in by-level.Due to No.1 cylinder knocking reference value is less than threshold value 3802, so selected knock reference value is the value of No.1 cylinder knocking reference value.

At the time 3801, No.1 cylinder knocking reference value becomes smaller than the lower value of threshold value 3802.Because via fuel With air cylinder deactivation, and because detonation sensor signal to noise ratio is low, No.1 cylinder knocking reference value is the first pinking ginseng Examine value (for example, 3742 of Figure 37).Engine cylinder is disabled (for example, stopping the combustion by No.1 cylinder via air and fuel Stream and air-flow), as indicated by the cylinder state by being deactivated is in reduced levels.Due to No.1 cylinder knocking reference value Less than threshold value 3802, so selected knock reference value is the value of No.1 cylinder knocking reference value.Because cylinder is in time T3801 Place disables, and the cylinder due to being deactivated influences the noise in No.1 cylinder knocking window, so No.1 cylinder reference value is First knock reference value (for example, 3742 from Figure 37).

At time T3802, No.1 cylinder knocking reference value increases in response to reactivating cylinder.No.1 cylinder knocking Reference value is the 3rd knock reference value (for example, 3724 of Figure 37), because it is before making cylinder deactivation at time T3801 Value.Engine cylinder is reactivated by supplying air and fuel to No.1 cylinder, such as by the cylinder state that is deactivated In indicated by by-level.No.1 before selected knock reference value is adjusted to make cylinder deactivation at time T3801 Cylinder knocking reference value.By using the knock reference value before cylinder deactivation is made, improved knock reference value can be provided, Because knock reference value is based on active cylinders (for example, present engine mode of operation) rather than the cylinder being deactivated (for example, preceding One engine operation state).

At the time 3803, No.1 cylinder knocking reference value becomes smaller than the lower value of threshold value 3802.Because via fuel Cylinder deactivation (for example, stopping the fuel injection for leading to cylinder while air flow passes through cylinder), and because pinking passes Sensor signal to noise ratio is low, so No.1 cylinder knocking reference value is the second knock reference value (for example, 3714 of Figure 37).Due to No.1 Cylinder knocking reference value is less than threshold value 3802, so selected knock reference value is the value of No.1 cylinder knocking reference value.Due to Cylinder disables at time T3803, and the cylinder due to being deactivated influences the noise in No.1 cylinder knocking window, so one Number cylinder reference value is the second knock reference value (for example, 3714 from Figure 37).

At time T3804, No.1 cylinder knocking reference value increases in response to reactivating cylinder.No.1 cylinder knocking Reference value is the 3rd knock reference value (for example, 3724 of Figure 37), because it is before making cylinder deactivation at time T3803 Value.Engine cylinder is reactivated by supplying air and fuel to No.1 cylinder, such as by the cylinder state that is deactivated In indicated by by-level.No.1 before selected knock reference value is adjusted to make cylinder deactivation at time T3803 Cylinder knocking reference value.

By this way, the pinking as the present or absent basic cylinder for determining combustion knock refers to Value can be adjusted in response to cylinder deactivation and cylinder deactivation pattern.

With reference now to Figure 39, the method for showing the diagnosis for performing engine.Figure 39 method can be included in In system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 39 method is stored as the executable instruction in non-transitory memory And it is included.Figure 39 method can cooperate execution with system as described herein hardware and other method, to change engine Or the mode of operation of its part.

At 3902, method 3900 monitors the mode of operation of engine intake valve and exhaust valve.In one example, pass through Pressure in engine cylinder, engine exhaust system and/or engine aspirating system (for example, in motor intake manifold) The mode of operation of Sensor monitoring engine intake valve and exhaust valve.Method 3900 advances to 3904.

At 3904, method 3900 judges whether to ask cylinder deactivation (for example, stopping the combustion in one or more cylinders Burn), or whether cylinder deactivation current in progress.Method 3900 can determine which engine cylinder be activated (for example, Combustion air and fuel) and disable, as Figure 11 1118 at it is described, or active cylinders can be identified as certain bits in memory Put the value of the variable at place.Whenever enabling or during cylinder deactivation, the value of variable can be corrected.For example, variable in memory can be with Indicate the mode of operation of No.1 cylinder.Value 1 in variable can indicate that No.1 cylinder is movable, and the null value in variable can be with Instruction No.1 cylinder is deactivated.The mode of operation of each cylinder can be determined by this way.The request of cylinder deactivation can also Value based on variable in memory.It can be the order sent by controller that cylinder, which enables request and de-activation request,.If method 3900 judge that one or more cylinders are deactivated or asked to be deactivated, then answer is yes, and method 3900 advances to 3906.It is no Then, answer is no, and method 3900 advances to 3930.

At 3906, method 3900 judges to disable in order poppet and provide time enough to carry out cylinder deactivation (example Such as, in a complete cycle of engine after making request) after, ask the one or more liftings of cylinder being deactivated Whether valve is movable.It is activity that one or more poppets can be determined based on cylinder pressure, pressure at expulsion or admission pressure 's.Alternately, can place a sensor on each valve operator, with determine be command by disable after valve whether after Continuous operation.If method 3900 judges to be command by disabling (for example, keeping closing when engine rotates during cycle of engine Close) one or more poppets continue operate (for example, being opened and closed during cycle of engine when engine rotates), Then answer is yes, and method 3900 advances to 3908.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3900 advances to 3920.Pay attention to, Before advancing to 3908, method 3900 can wait the time of scheduled volume after ordering one or more poppets to disable, with It is effective to ensure poppet condition.

At 3908, method 3900 reactivates one or more cylinders that wherein poppet continues operation.By enabling The poppet of cylinder simultaneously supplies fuel and spark to reactivate one or more cylinders to cylinder.It is vapour to enable cylinder poppet Cylinder provides air.Air and fuel burn in the cylinder being activated.Method 3900 advances to 3910.

At 3910, method 3900 is removed from the list for the cylinder that can be deactivated with the one or more gas not disabled The cylinder of door.Therefore, when valve is command by disabling, method 3900 forbids the cylinder of the cylinder with the valve not disabled to stop With.Method 3900 advances to 3912.

At 3912, method 3900 disables alternative cylinder to provide the cylinder being deactivated of desired number.If for example, No. two cylinders of request four cylinder engine are deactivated, but the valve of No. two cylinders does not disable, while No.1, No. three and No. four cylinders It is activated, then as described at 3910, No. two cylinders are re-enabled, and order No. three cylinders to be deactivated.In this example, quilt The desired number of the cylinder of deactivation is 1, and the desired number of active cylinders is 3.In this way it is possible to provide the sum of activity The desired number for the cylinder being deactivated.Therefore, improved fuel can also be maintained in the case that valve operator deteriorates Economy.Method 3900, which advances to, to be exited.

At 3920, method 3900 provides the engine torque of desired amount via active cylinders.The engine of desired amount is turned round Square can be based on operator demand's moment of torsion, and position that operator demand's moment of torsion can be based on accelerator pedal and vehicle speed Degree.The fuel stream and the air-flow of active cylinders are led to by control to provide the moment of torsion of the desired amount from active cylinders.Method 3900 advance to and exit.

At 3930, method 3900 judges to be activated in order poppet and provides time enough to enable cylinder After (for example, in complete cycle of engine after making request), ask cylinder enabling or enabling one Or whether multiple poppets are off.It can determine that one or more carries based on cylinder pressure, pressure at expulsion or admission pressure What lift valve was off.Alternately, can place a sensor on each valve operator, to determine after being command by enabling Whether valve does not open and close.If method 3900 judges to be command by enabling (for example, in engine during cycle of engine Opened and closed during rotation) one or more poppets do not opened and closed during cycle of engine, then answer is yes, and And method 3900 advances to 3932.Otherwise, answer is no, and method 3900 advances to 3940.Pay attention to, advance to 3932 it Before, method 3900 can wait the time of scheduled volume after ordering one or more poppets to enable, to ensure poppet condition It is effective.

At 3932, method 3900 disables the one or more that wherein poppet does not open and close during cylinder cycle Cylinder.By the poppet of cylinder deactivation and stop supplying fuel and spark to cylinder to disable one or more cylinders.Disable Cylinder poppet stopped the air-flow for leading to cylinder.Method 3900 advances to 3934.

At 3934, method 3900 is removed from the list for the cylinder that can be activated with the one or more gas not enabled The cylinder of door.Therefore, when valve is command by enabling, method 3900 forbids the cylinder of the cylinder with the valve not enabled to open With.Forbid burning in by the cylinder removed from the list of launchable cylinder.Method 3900 advances to 3936.

At 3936, the asked engine torque of the offer of method 3900 reaches the cylinder in the list of launchable cylinder Capacity.The substantial amt of the cylinder of activity may be in response to engine torque request and increase, or in response to engine torque Ask and reduce.Therefore, even if the poppet of one or more cylinders becomes deterioration, substantial amounts of engine torque can also be provided. Method 3900, which advances to, to be exited.

At 3940, method 3900 provides the engine torque of desired amount via active cylinders.The engine of desired amount is turned round Square can be based on operator demand's moment of torsion, and position that operator demand's moment of torsion can be based on accelerator pedal and vehicle speed Degree.Air-flow and the The fuel stream of active cylinders are led to by control to provide the moment of torsion of the desired amount from active cylinders.Method 3900 advance to and exit.

With reference now to Figure 40, the order for operating engine according to Figure 39 method is shown.In time T4000- Vertical curve at T4005 represents the time interested in the order.Figure 40 shows five curve maps, and curve map is in the time It is upper to be aligned and occur simultaneously.Along the interruption of the SS order of representation of the timeline of each curve map.Time between interruption can be grown Or can be short.Figure 40 order represents the order of the four cylinder engine for operating the ignition order with 1-3-4-2.

The first curve map from the top of Figure 40 is that cylinder deactivation is asked (for example, stopping the combustion in one or more cylinders The request of burning) to the curve map of time.Vertical axis represents cylinder deactivation request, and when trace is in close to vertical axis arrow During the level of head, cylinder deactivation is asked.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The second curve map from the top of Figure 40 is curve map of No. two cylinder valve modes of operation to the time.At trace When close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, the cylinder valve in No. two cylinders is movable.When trace is in close to water During the reduced levels of flat axis, the cylinder valve in No. two cylinders is inactive.Horizontal axis represent the time, and the time from The right side increase of the left lateral view of figure.

The 3rd curve map from the top of Figure 40 is curve map of No. three cylinder valve modes of operation to the time.At trace When close to the higher level of vertical axis arrow, the cylinder valve in No. three cylinders is movable.When trace is in close to water During the reduced levels of flat axis, the cylinder valve in No. three cylinders is inactive.Horizontal axis represent the time, and the time from The right side increase of the left lateral view of figure.

The 4th curve map from the top of Figure 40 is curve map of the substantial amt to the time of asked active cylinders.It is perpendicular Straight axis represents the substantial amt of asked active cylinders, and the reality of asked active cylinders is set along vertical axis Sum.Horizontal axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

The 5th curve map from the top of Figure 40 is curve map of the asked engine torque to the time.Vertical axis table Show asked engine torque, and the value for the engine torque asked increases on the direction of vertical axis arrow.Water Flat axis represents the time, and the time increases from the right side of the left lateral view of figure.

At time T4000, cylinder deactivation is not asked, as indicated by by cylinder deactivation request in reduced levels. The valve of No. two and No. three cylinders is movable.Number based on activity (for example, in combustion air and fuel) cylinder asked Mesh is 4, and the valve of No. two and No. three cylinders is movable.The engine torque asked is in higher level.

At the time 4001, the engine torque asked reduces.In response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion, asked Engine torque can reduce.Reduce in response to the engine torque asked, the number for the engine cylinder asked subtracts from 4 Less to 3.In addition, in response to the reduction for the engine torque asked, conclude that cylinder deactivation is asked.No. two cylinder deactivation are asked, And the cylinder poppet of No. two cylinders is ordered to be closed.However, the valve holding activity of No. two cylinders, such as passes through No. two cylinder gas Indicated by door state.Because the poppet holding activity of No. two cylinders when engine turns over cycle of engine (for example, open And close), so No. two cylinders of order reactivate, indicated by the number as passed through asked active cylinders converts back 4. Shortly after that, the number in response to active cylinders becomes 3 again, orders No. three cylinder deactivation.The poppet of No. three cylinders is changed into not living Dynamic (for example, being remained turned-off during cycle of engine), and the number for the active cylinders asked keeps permanent at value 3 It is fixed.

At time T4002, the engine torque asked increases, and the number for the active cylinders asked increases back 4.No. three cylinders are re-enabled, and the valve of No. three cylinders is activated, as indicated by by No. three cylinder valve states. No. two cylinder holding activities, and the number of the active cylinders in response to being asked, do not conclude that cylinder deactivation is asked.

At time T4003, the number of the active cylinders in response to being asked is 2, concludes that cylinder deactivation is asked.No. two vapour The valve of cylinder and No. three cylinders is inactive.The engine torque asked is in low-level, and it allows engine to provide institute The moment of torsion of request is by less than the quota of active cylinders (full complement).

At the time 4004, in response to the increase of operator demand's moment of torsion (not shown), engine torque request increase.Ring Value 4 should be increased in increased asked moment of torsion, the number for the active cylinders asked.In response to the active cylinders asked Number, the valve of No. three cylinders reactivates, but the valve of No. two cylinders does not reactivate.After time T4004 soon, The number for the active cylinders asked is converted to value 3, and orders No. two cylinders to be deactivated (for example, during cycle of engine Stop the delivering of fuel and keep poppet to close).In addition, conclude that cylinder deactivation is asked again for No. two cylinders.Start Machine provides the moment of torsion asked of the torque capacity allowed with three active cylinders as much.

At the time 4005, in response to the reduction of operator demand's moment of torsion, reduce asked engine torque.In response to The reduction for the engine torque asked, the number for the active cylinders asked are reduced to 2 from 3.In response to the activity asked The number of cylinder, the valve of No. three cylinders are deactivated, and No. two and No. three cylinders are deactivated.Also keep concluding that cylinder deactivation please Ask.

By this way, in response to the valve that can not be deactivated when being requested and disabling, asked activity can be adjusted The number of engine cylinder.In addition, in response to the valve that can be deactivated when being requested and enabling, asked activity can be adjusted The number of engine cylinder.

With reference now to Figure 41, the side for being sampled to the lambda sensor of the engine with cylinder deactivation is shown Method.Figure 41 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 41 method is stored as non- Executable instruction in temporary memory and be included.Figure 41 method can be with system as described herein hardware and other Method cooperation performs, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 4102, method 4100 judges whether one or more cylinders of engine are deactivated.Method 4100 can be commented The value of the variable of storage in memory is estimated, to determine whether one or more engine cylinders are deactivated.If method 4100 Judge that one or more engine cylinders are deactivated, then answer is yes, and method 4100 advances to 4104.Otherwise, answer is It is no, and method 4100 advances to 4120.

At 4120, the lambda sensor of each exhaust stroke of each cylinder of the method 4100 on inblock cylinder to inblock cylinder Carry out double sampling.Therefore, if engine is the four cylinder engine that there is single-cylinder to arrange, method 4100 is in two engines Eight samplings are carried out in revolution to lambda sensor.Then this average value is sampled to provide the air-fuel compared estimate of engine.In addition, Averaged by two samples to being obtained during the exhaust stroke of cylinder, the specific air-fuel ratio of cylinder can be estimated, with true Determine the air-fuel ratio of cylinder.Method 4100 advances to 4108.

At 4108, method 4100 is supplied to the fuel of engine cylinder based on the adjustment of lambda sensor sample.If oxygen Sensor instruction, then can be by additional fuel injection to engine than desired diluter air-fuel ratio.If oxygen sensor Instruction, then can be by less fuel injection to engine than desired richer air-fuel ratio.Method 4100, which advances to, to be exited.

At 4104, method 4100 determines which engine cylinder is deactivated.In one example, method 4100 is assessed and deposited The value of cylinder that the is instruction activity of storage in memory and being deactivated.Method 4100 determines which cylinder is deactivated and advanced to 4106。

At 4106, the lambda sensor of each exhaust stroke of each cylinder of the method 4100 on inblock cylinder to inblock cylinder Double sampling is carried out, in addition to the exhaust stroke for the cylinder being deactivated not being sampled.Alternately, it can be discarded in and be stopped The oxygen sample gathered during the exhaust stroke of cylinder.Then this average value is sampled to determine mean engine air-fuel ratio. Method 4100 advances to 4108.

By not sampled during the exhaust stroke for the cylinder being deactivated to lambda sensor, it is possible to reduce can start Caused air-fuel ratio deviation on machine air-fuel compared estimate.Specifically, if a cylinder air-fuel mixture than other cylinders more It is dilute or richer, and its exhaust is discharged near the exhaust stroke for the cylinder being deactivated, then can be by cycle of engine Period does not carry out double sampling to reduce the deviation of engine air-fuel ratio to diluter or richer output from cylinder.

With reference now to Figure 42, the side for being sampled to the cam sensor of the engine with cylinder deactivation is shown Method.Figure 42 method can be included in the system described by Figure 1A to Fig. 6 C.Figure 42 method is stored as non- Executable instruction in temporary memory and be included.Figure 42 method can be with system as described herein hardware and other Method cooperation performs, to change the mode of operation of engine or its part.

At 4202, method 4200 judges whether one or more cylinders of engine are deactivated.Method 4200 can be commented The value of the variable of storage in memory is estimated, to determine whether one or more engine cylinders are deactivated.If method 4200 Judge that one or more cylinders are deactivated, then answer is yes, and method 4200 advances to 4204.Otherwise, answer is no, and Method 4200 advances to 4220.

At 4220, method 4200 is each on the inblock cylinder including the admission cam by admission cam Sensor monitoring Each induction stroke of cylinder carries out double sampling to admission cam sensor.Similarly, method 4200 is including convex by being vented Each exhaust stroke of each cylinder on the inblock cylinder of the exhaust cam of wheel sensor monitoring is carried out to exhaust cam sensor Double sampling.Therefore, if engine is the four cylinder engine for having single admission cam, method 4200 is in two engines Eight samplings are carried out in revolution to cam sensor.Can be directed to collection each cam sensor sample determine cam position and Speed.Method 4200 advances to 4208.

At 4208, method 4200 adjusts cam phase actuator commands, to adjust cam based on cam sensor sample Position.If cam sensor indicate cam position not in its desired locations, and/or if cam than desired movement More slowly or faster, then adjust cam phase order to reduce the mistake between actual cam position and desired cam position Difference.Method 4200, which advances to, to be exited.

At 4204, method 4200 determines which engine cylinder is deactivated.In one example, method 4200 is assessed and deposited The value of cylinder that the is instruction activity of storage in memory and being deactivated.Method 4200 determines which cylinder is deactivated and advanced To 4206.

At 4206, method 4200 is carried out twice in each induction stroke of admission cam to the cam sensor of inblock cylinder Sampling, or double sampling is carried out to the cam sensor of inblock cylinder in each exhaust stroke of exhaust cam, except not adopted Outside the exhaust stroke of the cylinder being deactivated of sample.Alternately, the air inlet or exhaust punching of the cylinder being deactivated can be discarded in The cam sensor sample gathered during journey.Then sample is handled to determine cam position and speed.Furthermore, it is possible to cam sample Originally average to reduce cam signal noise.Method 4200 advances to 4208.

, can be with by not sampled during the induction stroke or exhaust stroke of the cylinder being deactivated to cam sensor Reduce can on engine cam position caused cam position deviation.The speed of cam phase actuator movement can be by cylinder The influence whether being deactivated.Therefore, when the valve spring for the cylinder being deactivated does not assist the cam movement relative to crank position When, it may be desirable to eliminate gathered cam sample.

Pay attention to, the example control included herein and estimation program can be with various engines and/or Vehicular system configurations one Rise and use.Control method and program disclosed herein can be stored in non-transitory memory as executable instruction, and It can be carried out by the control system of the controller including being combined with various sensors, actuator and other engine hardwares.This paper institutes The specific procedure stated can represent the one or more in any number of processing strategy, and such as event-driven, interruption drive, more Business, multithreading etc..Therefore, illustrated various actions, operation and/or function can perform in order of presentation, perform parallel or Omit in some cases.Equally, the order of processing is not to realize the feature and advantage institute of exemplary embodiment as described herein It is required, but provided for ease of explanation and description.According to used specific policy, the illustrated action of repeatable execution, One or more in operation and/or function.Further, at least a portion in described action, operation and/or function Can be graphically to be programmed into the code in the non-transitory memory of the computer-readable recording medium in control system.When Described action in the system including the various engine hardware components with one or more controller combinations by performing The instruction and when being implemented, the control action also convertible behaviour in one or more of physical world sensor or actuator Make state.

This specification terminates with regard to this.In the case where not departing from the spirit and scope of this specification, those skilled in the art Member will recognize that many changes and modification after reading this specification.For example, matched somebody with somebody with natural gas, gasoline, diesel oil or alternative fuel This specification is advantageously used in I3, I4, I5, V6, V8, V10 and V12 engine for putting operation.

Claims

1. a kind of method of engine operation, it includes：

Asked in response to deceleration fuel cutoff, disable one or more cylinder poppets via controller and be in closure state； And

In response to the deceleration fuel cutoff ask, in response to engine cylinder induction event substantial amt via the control Device completely closes air throttle to provide desired motor intake manifold pressure.

2. according to the method for claim 1, in addition to by disabling one or more of cylinder poppets it is in institute Closure state is stated, reduces the air-flow of all cylinders by engine.

3. according to the method for claim 1, wherein the desired motor intake manifold pressure is when engine is with idle Speed operation and operator demand's moment of torsion are substantially pressure when zero.

4. according to the method for claim 1, in addition to turned off via the controller from vacuum customer and lead to engine The path of inlet manifold.

5. according to the method for claim 4, being additionally included in shut-off to lead to after the path of the motor intake manifold, ring Should be in the vacuum level of V-RSR Vacuum Reservoir, there is provided lead to the path of the motor intake manifold.

6. according to the method for claim 1, wherein one or more of cylinder poppets are inlet valves, and wherein wrap The exhaust valve for including the engine of one or more of cylinder poppets does not disable.

It is 7. according to the method for claim 1, in addition to described desired to provide to motor intake manifold applying vacuum Motor intake manifold pressure, wherein the vacuum provides via injector or vavuum pump.

8. a kind of method of engine operation, it includes：

Stop the deceleration fuel cutoff request of burning in response to all cylinders of wherein engine, reduce motor intake manifold Pressure；And

Asked in response to the deceleration fuel cutoff, via controller prevent vacuum customer and the motor intake manifold it Between stream.

9. according to the method for claim 8, wherein by closing air throttle and via engine cylinder from the engine Inlet manifold discharges air, reduces the pressure of the motor intake manifold.

10. according to the method for claim 9, in addition to the motor intake manifold applying vacuum, wherein described true It is empty to be provided via injector or vavuum pump.

11. according to the method for claim 8, in addition in response to the vacuum level in V-RSR Vacuum Reservoir, it is allowed to described true Stream between empty customer and the motor intake manifold.

12. according to the method for claim 8, in addition to the air-flow and fuel of all cylinders of the engine are led in stopping Stream.

13. according to the method for claim 8, wherein the pressure is reduced to desired air- distributor pressure, and wherein The desired air- distributor pressure is the pressure when engine is substantially zero with idling operation and operator demand's moment of torsion.

14. according to the method for claim 8, wherein blocking the stream via valve.

15. a kind of Vehicular system, it includes：

Engine, it includes air throttle and the one or more cylinder poppets that can be deactivated；And

Controller, it includes non-transitory executable instruction, the executable instruction when being performed by the controller, in response to Deceleration fuel cutoff is asked, and the air throttle and one or more of cylinder poppets to be deactivated is closed, so as to provide Desired motor intake manifold pressure, the desired motor intake manifold pressure is with ambient pressure variations.

16. Vehicular system according to claim 15, in addition to the substantial amt based on engine cylinder induction event close The air throttle is closed to provide the extra-instruction of the desired motor intake manifold pressure.

17. Vehicular system according to claim 15, wherein the desired air- distributor pressure is when engine is with idle Speed operation and operator demand's moment of torsion are substantially pressure when zero.

18. Vehicular system according to claim 15, in addition to lead in response to deceleration fuel cutoff request stopping The extra-instruction of the The fuel stream of all engine cylinders.

19. Vehicular system according to claim 15, it is additionally included in by closing one or more of cylinder poppets And the extra-instruction during air-flow of all cylinders of no thoroughfare the engine to motor intake manifold applying vacuum.

20. Vehicular system according to claim 19, wherein providing the vacuum via injector.