CN107486230A - A kind of high activity large-specific surface area nano laminated structure g C3N4Preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of high activity large-specific surface area nano laminated structure g C3N4Preparation method Download PDF

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CN107486230A
CN107486230A CN201710681763.0A CN201710681763A CN107486230A CN 107486230 A CN107486230 A CN 107486230A CN 201710681763 A CN201710681763 A CN 201710681763A CN 107486230 A CN107486230 A CN 107486230A
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melamine
surface area
specific surface
nano
preparation
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CN107486230B (en
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王敏
郭鹏瑶
朱彤
由美雁
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Northeastern University China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/39Photocatalytic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/615100-500 m2/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/63Pore volume
    • B01J35/6350.5-1.0 ml/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/63Pore volume
    • B01J35/638Pore volume more than 1.0 ml/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/64Pore diameter
    • B01J35/6472-50 nm

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

A kind of high activity high-specific surface area g C3N4The preparation method of flaky nanometer structure material.Using melamine as raw material, acetic acid or deionized water are melamine solvent, by adding different nitric acid amounts, prepare melamine single nitric acid salt, melamine dinitrate, melamine trinitrate energetic material as preparation g C3N4Precursor.This method utilizes the strong energy discharged during melamine nitrate thermal polymerization, on the one hand by block g C3N4Nano-sheet is peeled off into, on the other hand temperature and reaction time needed for reduction thermal polymerization, avoids traditional specific area nano-sheet g C3N4High temperature and secondary clacining technique in synthesis in solid state, greatly reduce synthesis energy consumption level.This method is simple and easy, and cost is cheap, reproducible, is with a wide range of applications in fields such as light decomposition water, photochemical catalytic oxidation environmental contaminants.

Description

A kind of high activity large-specific surface area nano laminated structure g-C3N4Preparation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to new material, utilization of new energy resources and field of environment pollution control, it is related to that a kind of standby high activity is big to compare table Area nanometer laminated structure g-C3N4The preparation method of catalysis material.
Background technology
Graphene phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) it is a kind of new polymeric material, it is made up of, has cheap rich nonmetalloid The raw material of richness, special structure and performance, it is the semi-conducting material of environment friendly and biocompatibility.In the last few years, studied Persons allow this material to show more excellent property in fields such as the energy, environment, medical science by optimizing preparation and method of modifying Energy.However, the block g-C prepared by thermal polymerization method3N4Have that specific surface area is small, avtive spot is few, the amount in visible region Problem, the photocatalysis efficiencies such as sub- efficiency is low are bad.By nanostructured and Morphological control means can increasing specific surface area, increase Reaction active site, improve electron transmission efficiency, suppress electronics and hole-recombination, improve the photocatalytic activity of carbonitride.It is hard at present Template, soft template method and Supramolecular self assembly method are to prepare the common method of azotized carbon nano material.But with silica or Aluminum oxide is hard template, is related to miscellaneous presoma perfusion and template removal process, and employs fluorine-containing toxic chemical examination Agent, the problems such as pollution is big, cost is high, the cycle is long be present.And there is equipment complexity, operating process in soft template method and supermolecule rule Cumbersome, the problems such as conversion efficiency is relatively low.Therefore, develop a kind of simple, quick, environmental protection method, regulate and control the nano junction of carbonitride Structure, improve its photocatalysis performance.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high activity high-specific surface area g-C3N4The preparation method of flaky nanometer structure material.With three Poly cyanamid is raw material, and acetic acid or deionized water are melamine solvent, by adding different nitric acid amounts, prepare melamine list nitre Hydrochlorate, melamine dinitrate, melamine trinitrate energetic material are as preparation g-C3N4Precursor.This method profit The strong energy discharged during with melamine nitrate thermal polymerization, on the one hand by block g-C3N4Peel off into nano-sheet, the opposing party Temperature and reaction time needed for the reduction thermal polymerization of face, avoid traditional specific area nano-sheet g-C3N4Height in synthesis in solid state Gentle secondary clacining technique, greatly reduces synthesis energy consumption level.This method is simple and easy, and cost is cheap, reproducible, in light The fields such as decomposition water, photochemical catalytic oxidation environmental contaminants are with a wide range of applications;It is a further object of the present invention to provide by The high activity high specific surface area platy g-C that this method is prepared3N4Nano material.
A kind of high activity large-specific surface area nano laminated structure g-C3N4The preparation method of catalysis material, step are as follows:
(1) 4g melamines are dissolved in 10 ml deionized waters or acetic acid, through ultrasonic mixing through 60 DEG C of drying 24h amine Uniformly;
(2) 3 milliliters, 4 milliliters or 5 milliliters of 60%HNO3 solution is stirred, obtained in step (1) mixed solution Obtain pasty state melamine nitrate;
(3) melamine nitrate obtained by step (2) is placed in covered crucible, is put into and has warmed up 190-200 DEG C In Muffle furnace;Then Muffle furnace is warming up to 500 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, keeps 2h at such a temperature, then will Crucible takes out natural cooling immediately, obtains light yellow high surface area flaky nanometer structure g-C3N4Material.
G-C provided by the invention3N4Nano material specific surface area is up to 240m2/g, due to nanometer sheet quantum effect, has Remarkable decomposition water and degraded organic contamination ability.Preparation method provided by the invention, raw material is cheap, and preparation method is simple, energy Consume low, there is very high practical value and application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is g-C3N4 nanometer material 1-4 XRD spectrum.
Fig. 2 is g-C3N4 nano materials 1-4 TEM collection of illustrative plates:(a) g-C3N4 nano materials 1;(b) g-C3N4 nano materials 2;(c) g-C3N4 nano materials 3;(d) g-C3N4 nano materials 4.
Fig. 3 is g-C3N4 nano materials 1-4 and block g-C3N4 degraded rhodamine efficiency curves:(a) block g- C3N4;(b) g-C3N4 nano materials 1;(c) g-C3N4 nano materials 2;(d) g-C3N4 nano materials 3;(e) g-C3N4 nanometers material Material 4.
Embodiment
Methods and techniques of the present invention are illustrated below by example.
Example 1:Melamines of the 4g through 60 DEG C of drying 24h is weighed, is dissolved in 10 ml deionized waters, through 1000W ultrasounds 10min is well mixed;(2) 3 milliliter 60% of HNO is measured3Solution stirs in step (1) mixed solution, obtains pasty state Melamine single nitric acid salt;(3) melamine single nitric acid salt obtained by step (2) is placed in covered crucible, is put into and has warmed up In 190 DEG C of Muffle furnace;Then Muffle furnace is warming up to 500 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, keeps 2h at such a temperature, Then crucible is taken out into natural cooling immediately, obtains light yellow high surface area flaky nanometer structure g-C3N4Material 1.
Example 2:Melamines of the 4g through 60 DEG C of drying 24h is weighed, is dissolved in 10 ml deionized waters, through 1000W ultrasounds 10min is well mixed;(2) 4 milliliter 60% of HNO is measured3Solution stirs in step (1) mixed solution, obtains pasty state Melamine dinitrate;(3) melamine single nitric acid salt obtained by step (2) is placed in covered crucible, is put into and has warmed up In 200 DEG C of Muffle furnace;Then Muffle furnace is warming up to 500 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, keeps 2h at such a temperature, Then crucible is taken out into natural cooling immediately, obtains light yellow high surface area flaky nanometer structure g-C3N4Material 2.
Example 3:Melamines of the 4g through 60 DEG C of drying 24h is weighed, is dissolved in 10 ml deionized waters, through 1000W ultrasounds 10min is well mixed;(2) 5 milliliter 60% of HNO is measured3Solution stirs in step (1) mixed solution, obtains pasty state Melamine trinitrate;(3) melamine single nitric acid salt obtained by step (2) is placed in covered crucible, is put into and has warmed up In 200 DEG C of Muffle furnace;Then Muffle furnace is warming up to 500 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, keeps 2h at such a temperature, Then crucible is taken out into natural cooling immediately, obtains light yellow high surface area flaky nanometer structure g-C3N4Material 3.
Example 4:Melamines of the 4g through 60 DEG C of drying 24h is weighed, 10 milliliters of acetic acid is dissolved in, is mixed through 1000W ultrasounds 10min Close uniform;(2) 4 milliliter 60% of HNO is measured3Solution stirs in step (1) mixed solution, obtains pasty state melamine Amine dinitrate;(3) melamine single nitric acid salt obtained by step (2) is placed in covered crucible, is put into and has warmed up to 200 DEG C In Muffle furnace;Then Muffle furnace is warming up to 500 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, keeps 2h at such a temperature, then will Crucible takes out natural cooling immediately, obtains light yellow high surface area flaky nanometer structure g-C3N4Material 4.
To g-C obtained as above3N4Nano material 1-4 carries out photocatalytic activity test experiments, while in order to contrast, same Under the conditions of also determine block g-C3N4The photocatalytic activity of material.Photocatalytic activity test process is as follows:It is by initial concentration 10mg·L-1Rhodamine B (RhB) solution 50ml is placed in 250ml beakers as target degradation product, weighs 0.01g photochemical catalysts simultaneously It is set to be uniformly distributed in rhodamine B (RhB) solution, photochemical catalyst is in suspended state in the solution.In order to reach adsorption-desorption Balance, by this suspension under the conditions of magnetic agitation dark reaction 30min, be placed on the visible light source away from liquid level 12cm Photocatalysis experiment is carried out under (300W xenon lamps), takes supernatant at regular intervals in the maximum absorption wave strong point of rhodamine B (RhB) (554nm) surveys its absorbance, altogether illumination reaction 50min, and acquired results are as shown in Figure 1.
The g-C of subordinate list 13N4Nano material 1-4 specific surface area, pore-size distribution
Sample Specific surface area BET (m2/g) Aperture (nm) Pore volume (cm3/g)
g-C3N4Nano material 1 220.2 15.5 0.894
g-C3N4Nano material 2 230.8 10.9 1.137
g-C3N4Nano material 3 148.9 12.1 0.449
g-C3N4Nano material 4 240.1 9.2 1.245
Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, taken off when using above-mentioned The technology contents shown make a little change or are modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being without departing from the technology of the present invention side The content of case, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification that the technical spirit according to the present invention is made to above example, In the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (1)

  1. A kind of 1. high activity large-specific surface area nano laminated structure g-C3N4The preparation method of catalysis material, it is characterised in that step It is rapid as follows:
    (1) 4g melamines are dried into 24h through 60 DEG C, be dissolved in 10 ml deionized waters or acetic acid, it is uniform through ultrasonic mixing;
    (2) 3 milliliters, 4 milliliters or 5 milliliters of 60%HNO3 solution is taken to stir, pasted in step (1) mixed solution Shape melamine nitrate;
    (3) melamine nitrate obtained by step (2) is placed in covered crucible, is put into and has warmed up 190-200 DEG C of Muffle In stove;Then Muffle furnace is warming up to 500 DEG C with 10 DEG C/min heating rate, keeps 2h at such a temperature, then by crucible Natural cooling is taken out immediately, obtains light yellow high surface area flaky nanometer structure g-C3N4Material.
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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109433246A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-03-08 台州学院 Nanometer sheet C containing carbon vacancy3N4Photochemical catalyst and preparation method
RU2690810C1 (en) * 2018-10-05 2019-06-05 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Научно-технологический центр уникального приборостроения Российской академии наук (НТЦ УП РАН) Method of producing carbon nitride having an abnormally high level of fluorescence under the action of visible laser radiation
CN110075906A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-02 北华大学 A kind of curly g-C3N4And preparation method and purposes
CN111250135A (en) * 2020-02-17 2020-06-09 燕山大学 Graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheet material and preparation method and application thereof
CN116425127A (en) * 2023-04-18 2023-07-14 鲁东大学 g-C 3 N 4 Photocatalyst and preparation method thereof

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2690810C1 (en) * 2018-10-05 2019-06-05 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Научно-технологический центр уникального приборостроения Российской академии наук (НТЦ УП РАН) Method of producing carbon nitride having an abnormally high level of fluorescence under the action of visible laser radiation
CN109433246A (en) * 2018-12-26 2019-03-08 台州学院 Nanometer sheet C containing carbon vacancy3N4Photochemical catalyst and preparation method
CN109433246B (en) * 2018-12-26 2021-07-16 台州学院 Carbon vacancy-containing nanosheet C3N4Photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
CN110075906A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-02 北华大学 A kind of curly g-C3N4And preparation method and purposes
CN111250135A (en) * 2020-02-17 2020-06-09 燕山大学 Graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheet material and preparation method and application thereof
CN116425127A (en) * 2023-04-18 2023-07-14 鲁东大学 g-C 3 N 4 Photocatalyst and preparation method thereof

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