CN107484176B - Combine 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods in a kind of heterogeneous network - Google Patents
Combine 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods in a kind of heterogeneous network Download PDFInfo
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- CN107484176B CN107484176B CN201710508900.0A CN201710508900A CN107484176B CN 107484176 B CN107484176 B CN 107484176B CN 201710508900 A CN201710508900 A CN 201710508900A CN 107484176 B CN107484176 B CN 107484176B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0426—Power distribution
- H04B7/043—Power distribution using best eigenmode, e.g. beam forming or beam steering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
- H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/22—Traffic simulation tools or models
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Abstract
The invention discloses combine 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods in a kind of heterogeneous network, the following steps are included: step 1, construct the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network, the downlink includes a macrocell, it is covered with S Microcell in the macrocell, multiple users are also distributed in the macrocell and each user accesses any one Microcell；Step 2, the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network that step 1 constructs obtains s SBS and accesses total message transmission rate of the user of the Microcell；Step 3, at the same optimize angle of declination θ andMake the overall data transmission rate R of whole userss,sIt maximizes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of communication technology, it is related to combining 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource in a kind of heterogeneous network
The method of distribution.
Background technique
The 5G cellular network newly risen is mainly used for supporting ever-increasing message transmission rate, to meet to wireless traffic
The demand of explosive growth.Network-intensive is a kind of effective ways that can reach user requested data transmission rate.Network is close
One of method of collectionization is exactly that the Microcell of low power nodes is disposed in classical macro-cellular, constitutes heterogeneous network.Different
In network forming network, frequency resource can be multiplexed in small section, and the data rate of whole system is promoted to get a promotion.But it is different
The performance of network forming network is limited by Microcell backhaul capacity.Therefore in order to ensure the backhaul capacity of Microcell, it is necessary to be backhaul
Link reserves frequency resource.In addition to this, the frequency resource total amount of backhaul link is kept for also to need by optimization, it is entire to ensure
The performance of network.On the other hand, 3D wave beam forming is the feasible program for further promoting beehive network system performance.With biography
It unites unlike 2D wave beam forming, three dimensional channel information is utilized in 3D wave beam forming, therefore more flexible, and 2D wave beam forming is only
Two dimensional channel information is utilized, has ignored the information in vertical direction.Therefore, it is compared with tradition beamforming scheme, 3D wave beam
Figuration can make system obtain higher performance gain.Some recent study have investigated the property of Microcell and 3D wave beam forming
Energy.N.Wang et al. is in document " N.Wang, E.Hossain, and V.K.Bhargava, " Joint downlink cell
association and bandwidth allocation for wireless backhauling in two-tier
HetNets with large-scale antenna arrays,”IEEE Trans.WirelessCommun.,vol.15,
Cell access and bandwidth allocation of the double-deck heterogeneous network about wireless backhaul is had studied in no.5, pp.3251-3268,2016 " to ask
It inscribes, part dedicated frequency bandwidth allocation is obtained higher capacity to backhaul link in the document, but there is no consider 3D
Wave beam forming.Document " M.Brau, Y.Corre, and Y.Lostanlen, " Assessment of 3D
networkcoverage performance from dense small-cell LTE,”in IEEE
Int.Conf.Commun., 2012, pp.6820-6824. " and " B.Yu, L.Yang, and H.Ishii, " Load
balancing with 3D beamforming inmacro-assisted small cell architecture,”IEEE
The problem of Trans.Wireless Commun., vol.15, no.8, pp.5626-5636,2016. " has studied 3D wave beam forming,
But there is no the limitations for considering backhaul link.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide combining 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods in a kind of heterogeneous network,
Solve problems of the prior art.Present invention joint considers that 3D wave beam forming and resource allocation in heterogeneous network are asked
Topic solves and only considers 3D wave beam forming in the prior art, or only considers resource allocation or only consider Radio Link backhaul
The problem of.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that
Combine 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods in a kind of heterogeneous network, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network is constructed, the downlink includes N number of frequency resource block,
The downlink includes a macrocell, and the macrocell is covered with a macro base station and S Microcell, and each Microcell is covered
Be stamped a micro-base station, the macrocell provides wireless backhaul for Microcell, the Microcell by macro base station and macrocell into
Row communication；It is distributed in the macrocell in multiple users and each Microcell and is distributed at least one user；The macro base
It stands configured with NtA 3D transmitting antenna；
Step 2, the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network that step 1 constructs, is obtained s-th by formula (13), (14)
Total message transmission rate of the user of s-th of Microcell of micro-base station and access:
Wherein, s=1,2 ..., S, s '=1,2 ..., S, s ' ≠ s, Rs,0For total data transmission of s-th of micro-base station
Rate, Rs,sFor the overall data transmission rate of the user of s-th of Microcell of access, NtFor the 3D transmitting antenna number of macro base station configuration
Amount, N are the total quantity of frequency resource block,For in N number of frequency resource block be used for backhaul link ratio,Table
Show the received noise power of s-th of micro-base station, ps,0The transmission power of s-th of micro-base station is transmitted to for macro base station,Indicate s
The received noise power of the user of a Microcell, gs,s'Indicate the user of s-th of Microcell to the large scale of the s' micro-base station
Channel information, gs,sFor s-th of Microcell user to s-th of micro-base station large-scale channel information, ps,sFor s-th of micro- base
The transmission power stood, ps',s'For the transmission power of the s' micro-base station；
Step 3, by the vertical optical axis angle θ of formula (18) combined optimization macro base station antenna andMake the whole number of whole users
It is maximized according to transmission rate, while considering the limitation of backhaul link data rate；
In formula (18),It isOptimal value, fs(θ) is objective function,
Further, the formula in step 3 (18) can be converted into formula (19):
In formula (19),It is obtained based on formula (19)Optimal value, fs(θ) is objective function,
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows
The present invention has comprehensively considered 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation compared with existing method, and existing
Method compares the overall performance of the rate and system that can greatly promote user.
Detailed description of the invention
User's average throughput spirogram when Fig. 1 is different Microcell numbers；
Performance gain figure when the method for the present invention is compared with existing method when Fig. 2 is different Microcell numbers.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, consider the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network, be covered with S Microcell in a macrocell.It is more
A user distribution is in macrocell and each user accesses a Microcell.Macrocell provides wireless backhaul for Microcell.It is macro
Base station (MBS) is configured with NtA 3D transmitting antenna, each micro-base station (SBS) and user are designed with an omnidirectional antenna.It is assumed that Nt≥
S, specific frequency bandwidth utilize (from macro base station to micro-base station) by backhaul link.The backhaul link of different Microcells is shared identical
Resource block.Macro base station, which uses force zero (ZF) wave beam forming, can eliminate the interference between micro-base station.According to document
" TR36.873Study on 3D channel model for LTE, 3GPP Std., Rev.12.2.0, Jul.2015. ", it is macro
3D antenna gain between base station and micro-base station is related with Multiple factors, including the horizontal and vertical angle from micro-base station to macro base station
Degree, horizontal and vertical wave beam optical axis angle, half-power beam bandwidth, side lobe attenuation, front and back specific damping ratio and maximum antenna gain Gm。
Present invention is generally directed to vertical beam figurations, therefore, are represented by from the extensive channel information of MBS to s-th SBS
In formula (1), Ls,0It is the path loss from s-th of micro-base station to macro base station, θ and θ3dBIt is the vertical of macro base station antenna
Optical axis angle (angle of declination) and vertical half-power beam width, θs,0It is the vertical angle of view from s-th of micro-base station to macro base station；GmaxFor
Maximum antenna gain；
In the present embodiment, the signal that s-th of SBS is received can be write as:
Wherein, hs,0、ws,0、ps,0And xs,0It is to prelist from the small scale channel information of MBS to s-th SBS, normalization respectively
Code vector, transmission power and transmitting signal.zs,0Be Gauss white noise and
The reception signal of the user of s-th of Microcell can indicate are as follows:
In formula, gs,s'And hs,s'It is the large-scale channel information kimonos from the s' SBS to s-th Microcell user respectively
From the small scale channel information of rayleigh distributed.ws,s,ps,sAnd xs,sIt is the maximum of s-th of SBS to s-th Microcell user respectively
Than Transmission system, transmission power and transmitting signal.Zs,sBe white Gaussian noise and
In the present embodiment, system described in step 1 has comprehensively considered 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul link limitation；
Step 2, the reachable message transmission rate of s-th of SBS and s-th of Microcell user can be expressed as
With
Wherein, Ss,0And Ss,sIt is the signal power of s-th of SBS, Is,sIt is cross-layer jamming power of the user in s-th of SC.
According to document " J.Fan, Z.Xu, and G.Y.Li, " Performance analysis of MU-MIMO indownlink
Cellular networks, " IEEE Commun.Lett., vol.19, no.2, pp.223-226,2015. ", formula (4) and (5)
It can be approximately:
By (2) and (3), Ss,0, Ss,sAnd Is,sIt can indicate are as follows:
With
According to document " J.Fan, Z.Xu, and G.Y.Li, " Performance analysis of MU-MIMO
indownlink cellular networks,”IEEE Commun.Lett.,vol.19,no.2,pp.223–226,
2015. ", Ss,0, Ss,sAnd Is,sObey gamma distribution.Its scale coefficient can be expressed as respectively
Its form parameter respectively by
It provides.Therefore,
So message transmission rate in (6) and (7) can be into
One step indicates are as follows:
With
It suppose there is N number of frequency resource block (RBs), the ratio for backhaul link accounts forWhereinSo, s
Total message transmission rate of the user of the Microcell SBS and access can respectively indicate are as follows:
In (14), the message transmission rate of user's entirety has ignored the limitation of backhaul capacity.If it is considered that backhaul capacity,
Then have: Rs,s≤Rs,0；
The analytical expression of data transfer rate in the system is given in the present embodiment, in step 2, convenient for the property of analysis system
Energy；
Step 3, it is contemplated that joint 3D beam form-endowing method and resource allocation in the wireless backhaul of Microcell pass through formula (16)
Simultaneously optimize angle of declination θ andMaximize the overall data transmission rate of whole users.
s.t.
θmin≤θ≤θmax (16c)
In formula, (16a) limits the ratio for backhaul link resource block apportioning cost；(16b) considers backhaul link number
It is limited according to rate；θminAnd θmaxFor the minimum value and maximum value of angle of declination, (16c) limits the effective range of angle of declination.
(13) and (14) are brought into (16), this problem can indicate again are as follows:
s.t.
θmin≤θ≤θmax (17b)
Wherein, (17a) has combined (16a) and (16b).It can be concluded that, fixed from (17)When, objective function will not be with θ
Change and change；If θ, in practicable region, objective function isDecreasing function.Therefore, the objective function of formula (17)
It is corresponding when being maximizedIt is to meet (17a) and (17b)Minimum value.
Assuming that
So the problems in formula (17) can be of equal value are as follows:
Embodiment 2
Formula (18) in embodiment 1 is mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem, directly finds optimal solution and is difficult, the present embodiment
Then its dual problem is solved, sub-optimum solution is found,
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, formula (19) can be converted by the formula (18) in embodiment 1 in step 3:
In formula (19),It is obtained based on formula (19)Optimal value, fs(θ) is objective function,
Assuming that transmission power mean allocation in entire frequency bandwidth, and the function for distributing to each SBS is also identical.
To any s, fsThe maximum value of (θ) depends on rs,0.According to (1) and (13), when the vertical angle of declination of MBS antenna is equal to s-th
When the vertical angle of view of SBS, the data transfer rate r of s-th of SBSs,0It is maximum, it is assumed thatAssuming that S0BeWhen meet
The set of all SBS indexes of (16b).For all s ∈ S0, calculate firstThen it has foundAll
S ∈ S0In minimum value.Assuming that corresponding SBS index value is S*, then the suboptimal solution of formula (18) beWith
The algorithm of proposition based on the joint 3D beam form-endowing method in wireless backhaul and resource allocation is summarized as follows:
A. angle of declination is calculatedCorresponding objective function when s ∈ SValue.
B. it in all s ∈ S, findsMinimum value.Assuming that s*It is corresponding to the minimum value of objective function
Microcell index value.
C. optimal resource allocation ratioOptimal angle of declination is
Convenient for coming without using exhaustive search using low complexity algorithm Solve problems, optimizing is optimal to have a down dip the present embodiment
Angle, it is only necessary to carry out limited times calculating, reduce computation complexity.
Analysis of experimental results:
The performance that mentioned algorithm is shown by emulation, arranges multiple Microcells, each in heterogeneous network in macrocell
There is a user in Microcell.
Fig. 1 gives user's average data transfer rate under the deployment of different number Microcell.Wherein " Proposed "
For method of the invention, distinguish with reference to algorithm " Fixed tilt " and " Fixed tilt and resource allocation "
Indicate that vertical angle of declination is fixed and while fixing angle of declination and Resource Allocation Formula.As can be known from Fig. 1, small in different number
Under the setting in area, algorithm proposed by the present invention is than considering that the scheme of fixed angle of declination shows more preferably, because the method for the present invention is examined
Consider into 3D beam forming gain.In addition, with the increase of Microcell quantity, user's mean data rate monotonic decreasing.This is
Since the interlayer interference from other Microcells to user increases, the message transmission rate of each user is reduced.
Fig. 2 illustrates the performance gain comparison of method and unified resource allocation plan proposed by the invention.It can from figure
Know, due to 3D beam forming gain, in the case where the setting of different Microcell quantity, method of the invention is improved in aspect of performance
5%-21%.
Claims (2)
1. combining 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods in a kind of heterogeneous network, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Step 1, the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network is constructed, the downlink includes N number of frequency resource block, described
Downlink includes a macrocell, and the macrocell is covered with a macro base station and S Microcell, and each Microcell is covered with
One micro-base station, the macrocell provide wireless backhaul for Microcell, and the Microcell is led to by macro base station and macrocell
Letter；It is distributed in the macrocell in multiple users and each Microcell and is distributed at least one user；The macro base station is matched
It is equipped with NtA 3D transmitting antenna；
Step 2, the downlink in the double-deck heterogeneous network that step 1 constructs, obtains s-th of micro- base by formula (13), (14)
Stand and access total message transmission rate of the user of s-th of Microcell:
Wherein, s=1,2 ..., S, s '=1,2 ..., S, s ' ≠ s, Rs,0For total message transmission rate of s-th of micro-base station,
Rs,sFor the overall data transmission rate of the user of s-th of Microcell of access, NtFor the 3D number of transmission antennas of macro base station configuration, N is
The total quantity of frequency resource block,For in N number of frequency resource block be used for backhaul link ratio, It indicates s-th
The received noise power of micro-base station, ps,0The transmission power of s-th of micro-base station is transmitted to for macro base station,Indicate s-th it is small
The received noise power of the user in area, gs,0(θ) is large-scale channel information of the s microcell base station to macro cell base station, and θ is
The angle of declination of macrocell antenna, gs,s'Indicate the user of s-th of Microcell to the large-scale channel information of the s' micro-base station,
gs,sFor large-scale channel information of the user to s-th of micro-base station of s-th of Microcell, ps,sFor the transmitting function of s-th of micro-base station
Rate, ps',s'For the transmission power of the s' micro-base station；
Step 3, by the vertical optical axis angle θ of formula (18) combined optimization macro base station antenna andPass the overall data of whole users
Defeated rate maximizes, while considering the limitation of backhaul link data rate；
In formula (18),It isOptimal value, fs(θ) is objective function,
2. combining 3D wave beam forming and wireless backhaul resource allocation methods, feature in heterogeneous network as described in claim 1
It is, the formula (18) in step 3 can be converted into formula (19):
In formula (19),It is obtained based on formula (19)Optimal value, fs(θ) is objective function,
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