CN107483931B - A kind of HEVC intraframe coding depth division high-speed decision method based on significance - Google Patents
A kind of HEVC intraframe coding depth division high-speed decision method based on significance Download PDFInfo
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
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- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/182—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a pixel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of, and the HEVC intraframe coding depth based on significance divides high-speed decision method, the significant angle value of current encoded frame and present frame as unit of pixel is read in first, it is nonoverlapping using 4 × 4 block of pixels as the significant angle value of unit to calculate present frame, the significant angle value of all maximum coding units of present frame (LCU) is calculated again and is normalized, then present frame is divided by the significant angle value after LCU layers of normalization by low significance according to ratio, three regions of middle significance and high significance, and the significance region according to belonging to LCU when for it, HEVC intraframe coding is set different depth divide range, HEVC intraframe coding finally is carried out according to the depth bounds of setting to each LCU in present frame, select the smallest depth of rate distortion costs for optimal intraframe coding depth.The optimal depth seeking scope of LCU when the present invention reduces HEVC intraframe coding by significance information can effectively reduce computation complexity and the scramble time of HEVC intraframe coding, and the loss very little of code efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fast coding technical fields in HEVC Video coding, are related to a kind of HEVC frame based on significance
Interior coding depth divides high-speed decision method.
Background technique
Efficient video coding (High Efficiency Video Coding, HEVC) is that newest International video is compiled at present
Code standard, by using in the frame of flexible quad-tree partition structure and various modes with the technologies such as inter-prediction, greatly
Code efficiency is improved, but the computation complexity encoded also sharply increases, and greatly limits HEVC encoder in reality
Application in border.
Full frame image is divided into nonoverlapping maximum coding unit (Largest first in intraframe coding by especially HEVC
Coding Unit, LCU), LCU is the block of pixels of 64 × 64 sizes, traverses the four of different depth level as unit of LCU later
Fork tree partition structure, the interior depth bounds that divide of LCU frame are 0 to 3, and the block respectively corresponded from 64 × 64 to 8 × 8 divides size, are led to
The rate distortion costs of calculating different depth partition structure are crossed to determine optimal intra-frame encoding mode and divide depth, are caused in frame
Coding has high computation complexity.It is therefore desirable to study the high-speed decision for HEVC intraframe coding optimal dividing depth
Method reduces the computation complexity of intraframe coding under the premise of not reducing code efficiency and subjective and objective video quality as far as possible.
Existing HEVC intraframe coding fast algorithm is mostly based on the spatial coherence in the temporal correlation or frame of interframe,
Using the depth of the adjacent encoded LCU of previous frame same position LCU or the current LCU of same frame divide and the system such as rate distortion costs
Meter information divides depth in the frame to predict current LCU, and such methods reduce encoder complexity, but algorithm to a certain extent
It itself needs to store more statistical information, and holds due to not accounting for influence of the human visual system (HVS) to coding quality
Easily cause the decline of video quality.This is because HVS is not uniformly to be distributed to the quality perception of encoded video and degree of concern
In full frame image, and often concentrate the high significance region for causing human eye to be paid close attention in the picture.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of, and the HEVC intraframe coding depth based on significance divides high-speed decision method, the party
Method can effectively reduce the optimal depth seeking scope in HEVC intraframe coding, and then reduce the computation complexity of intraframe coding,
Higher code efficiency and preferable video quality are kept simultaneously, moves towards practical for HEVC encoder and technical support is provided.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that a kind of HEVC intraframe coding based on significance is deep
Degree divides high-speed decision method, specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1: reading in current video frame images I (i, j) to be encoded, (i, j) is pixel ranks coordinate position, and value is
I=[1,2 ..., N] and j=[1,2 ..., M], M and N are width and height of the image as unit of pixel respectively；
Step 2: reading in current significant angle value S (i, j) of the frame to be encoded as unit of pixel and obtain accurate pixel layer
Significant angle value；
Step 3: it is nonoverlapping with 4 × 4 pixels that the significant angle value S (i, j) of the pixel layer obtained according to step 2 calculates present frame
Block is the significant angle value of unit, and makees normalized, firstly, being calculated according to formula (1) nonoverlapping with 4 × 4 pixels in frame
Block is the significant angle value S ' of unit4×4(k, l), the ranks coordinate that (k, l) is 4 × 4 pieces, value are k=[1,2 ..., K], l=
[1,2 ..., L], wherein K=N/4, L=M/4, i.e., whole frame have K × L=(M × N)/16 showing using 4 × 4 block of pixels as unit
Angle value is write,
It later, is the significant angle value S ' of unit with 4 × 4 pieces by present frame4×4(k, l) is normalized between [0,1], is obtained
S4×4(k,l)；
Step 4: the significant angle value S after 4 × 4 pieces of normalization each of is obtained according to step 34×4(k, l) calculates present encoding
The significant angle value of all maximum coding unit LCU in frame, and make normalized, firstly, calculating institute in frame according to formula (2)
There is the significant angle value S ' of LCULCU(p, q), (p, q) are the ranks coordinates of LCU, and LCU is that size is 64 × 64 block of pixels, each LCU
Contain the block of pixels of 16 × 16 4 × 4 sizes, therefore p=[1,2 ..., P], q=[1,2 ..., Q], wherein P=K/16, Q
=L/16, i.e., whole frame have P × Q=(K × L)/(16 × 16)=(M × N)/(64 × 64) a using 64 × 64 block of pixels as unit
The significant angle value of LCU,
Later, by the significant angle value S ' of all LCU of present frameLCU(p, q) is normalized between [0,1], obtains SLCU(p,
q)；
Step 5: current frame to be encoded is divided by the significant angle value after LCU layers of normalization by three regions according to ratio,
I.e. low significance region SL, middle significance region SMWith high significance region SH；
Step 6: significance region belonging to present frame each LCU obtained according to step 5 is arranged for each LCU
Different depth divides range when HEVC intraframe predictive coding；
Step 7: according to depth bounds are divided in each LCU frame of the current encoded frame of step 6 setting, using HEVC standard
Method for choosing frame inner forecast mode LCU all in frame are encoded by sequence from left to right, from top to bottom, firstly, logical
Crossing rate distortion costs selects LCU to divide the optimal intra prediction mode under depth and then percent of pass distortion in each frame
Cost divides in the frame of setting to be selected to divide depth in optimal frame in depth bounds, thus obtains the optimal of each LCU
Partition mode in frame；
Step 8: after the completion of all LCU are encoded in current encoded frame, then present frame coding is completed, and reads in next frame later
Image repeats step 1 and carries out the setting and the coding that divide depth bounds in frame to 7 couples of each LCU.
Further, current frame to be encoded is divided by the significant angle value after LCU layers of normalization according to ratio in above-mentioned steps 5
It is specifically included for trizonal method:
A) sum for remembering current all LCU of frame to be encoded is NLCU=P × Q, (p, q) a LCU are LCU (p, q)；
B) by the significant angle value S after current all LCU normalization of frame to be encodedLCU(p, q) is from small to large according to being incremented by
Sequence sorts；
C) N is definedLCUTwo-dimensional array S [the N that row 2 arrangesLCU] [2], first row storage label [1,2 ..., NLCU], secondary series is deposited
Storage LCU layer from small to large sequence after significant angle value；
D) LCU layers of low significance threshold value are takenHigh significance threshold value WhereinIt indicates to be rounded downwards, i.e. threshold value SaWith SbIt is to be determined according to the quantitative proportion of whole frame LCU significance, without
It is to be determined according to absolutely significant angle value；
E) according to the size relation of significant angle value and two threshold values after each LCU normalization, will have using formula (3)
The LCU of different significant angle value is divided into low significance region SL, middle significance region SMWith high significance region SH:
Wherein ALCU(p, q) indicates the significance region that LCU (p, q) is divided into.
Further, pre- in each LCU setting HEVC frame according to being divided into for present frame significance region in above-mentioned steps 6
The method for surveying depth division range different when coding is as follows:
A) when HEVC carries out intra mode decision as unit of LCU, depth { 0,1,2,3 } is divided in totally 4 frames, consideration
Depth is more, then what is divided in LCU frame is finer, and code efficiency is higher, but computation complexity is also higher, if can be in LCU frame
When division, its optimal division depth is predicted, then can reduce computation complexity while keeping code efficiency；Firstly, right
In low significance region SLIn LCU, the region that quantity accounts for the 10% of whole frame LCU and less pays close attention in human eye, setting
In low significance region SLIn LCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 0,1,2 }；
B) similarly, in middle significance region SMLCU, quantity accounts for the 70% of whole frame LCU and compares in human eye
The region of concern, setting are in middle significance region SMLCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 1,2,3 }；
C) in high significance region SHLCU, quantity accounts for the 20% of whole frame LCU and pays special attention in human eye
Region, setting are in high significance region SHLCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 2,3 }；
Depth bounds setting is divided in the frame of LCU in different significance regions to be expressed as follows with formula (4):
Wherein DRLCU(p, q) indicates that range is arranged in the depth divided in the frame of LCU (p, q).
It should be noted that it is relatively accurate can obtain to calculate the specific method of the significant angle value of current frame pixel layer in step 2
The significant angle value of pixel layer be condition.
The utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention is based on the HEVC intraframe coding depth of significance to divide high-speed decision method, significant by LCU layers
Degree expresses HVS to the difference of whole frame coding quality and degree of concern, is provided with different LCU intraframe coding depth accordingly and divides
Range effectively reduces computation complexity and the scramble time of HEVC intraframe coding.
2, the present invention is based on significances divides range to reduce depth in frame, it is contemplated that HVS is special to the perception of video quality
Property, maintain higher code efficiency and preferable video quality.
3, the present invention is based on significances divides range depth in frame is arranged, and does not need the system of encoded LCU before storage
Information is counted, therefore there is lower computation complexity and storage demand.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall flow figure of the HEVC intraframe coding depth high-speed decision method of the invention based on significance.
Present frame is divided into trizonal detail flowchart by LCU layers of significant angle value to be of the invention by Fig. 2.
Specific embodiment
The invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the HEVC intraframe coding depth high-speed decision method of the invention based on significance has altogether
Body embodiment is as follows:
1) current video frame images I (i, j) to be encoded is read in, (i, j) is pixel ranks coordinate position, value i=
[1,2 ..., N] and j=[1,2 ..., M], M and N are width and height of the image as unit of pixel.
2) current significant angle value S (i, j) of the frame to be encoded as unit of pixel is read in.
3) it is nonoverlapping with 4 × 4 block of pixels that the significant angle value S (i, j) of the pixel layer obtained according to step 2) calculates present frame
For the significant angle value of unit, and make normalized, firstly, calculating according to formula (1) nonoverlapping with 4 × 4 block of pixels in frame
For the significant angle value S ' of unit4×4(k, l), (k, l) are 4 × 4 pieces of ranks coordinate, and value is k=[1,2 ..., K], l=[1,
2 ..., L], wherein K=N/4, L=M/4, i.e., whole frame have K × L=(M × N)/16 using 4 × 4 block of pixels as the significance of unit
Value,
It later, is the significant angle value S ' of unit with 4 × 4 pieces by present frame4×4(k, l) is normalized between [0,1], is obtained
S4×4(k,l)。
4) the significant angle value S after 4 × 4 pieces of normalization each of is obtained according to step 3)4×4(k, l) calculates current encoded frame
In all maximum coding unit (LCU) significant angle value, and make normalized, firstly, calculating institute in frame according to formula (2)
There is the significant angle value S ' of LCULCU(p, q), (p, q) are the ranks coordinates of LCU, and it is big that LCU, which is the basic coding unit in HEVC,
Small is 64 × 64 block of pixels, and each LCU contains the block of pixels of 16 × 16 4 × 4 sizes, therefore p=[1,2 ..., P], q=
[1,2 ..., Q], wherein P=K/16, Q=L/16, i.e., whole frame have P × Q=(K × L)/(16 × 16)=(M × N)/(64 × 64)
It is a using 64 × 64 block of pixels as the significant angle value of the LCU of unit,
Later, by the significant angle value S ' of all LCU of present frameLCU(p, q) is normalized between [0,1], obtains SLCU(p,
q)；
5) current frame to be encoded is divided by the significant angle value after LCU layers of normalization by three regions according to ratio, i.e., it is low
Significance region SL, middle significance region SMWith high significance region SH.Including following sub-step:
A) sum for remembering current all LCU of frame to be encoded is NLCU=P × Q, (p, q) a LCU are LCU (p, q)；
B) by the significant angle value S after current all LCU normalization of frame to be encodedLCU(p, q) is from small to large according to being incremented by
Sequence sorts；
C) N is definedLCUTwo-dimensional array S [the N that row 2 arrangesLCU] [2], first row storage label [1,2 ..., NLCU], secondary series is deposited
Storage LCU layer from small to large sequence after significant angle value；
D) LCU layers of low significance threshold value are takenHigh significance threshold value WhereinIt indicates to be rounded downwards, i.e. threshold value SaWith SbIt is to be determined according to the quantitative proportion of whole frame LCU significance, without
It is to be determined according to absolutely significant angle value；
E) according to the size relation of significant angle value and two threshold values after each LCU normalization, will have using formula (3)
The LCU of different significant angle value is divided into low significance region SL, middle significance region SMWith high significance region SH；
Wherein ALCU(p, q) indicates the significance region that LCU (p, q) is divided into.
6) significance region belonging to present frame each LCU obtained according to step 5), is arranged HEVC for each LCU
Different depth divides range when intraframe predictive coding.Including following sub-step:
A) firstly, to low significance region S is inLIn LCU, quantity account for the 10% of whole frame LCU and in human eye not
The region paid close attention to very much finds that depth is divided in the actual frame of this fraction LCU to exist by counting to multiple video sequence codings
Probability in { 0,1,2 } range is larger, therefore is arranged and is in low significance region SLIn LCU frame in divide depth bounds be
{0,1,2}；
B) similarly, in middle significance region SMLCU, quantity accounts for the 70% of whole frame LCU and compares in human eye
The region of concern finds to divide probability of the depth in { 1,2,3 } range in the actual frame of this major part LCU by encoding statistics
Close to 1, and the probability that depth is { 0 } is almost 0, therefore is arranged and is in middle significance region SMLCU frame in divide it is deep
Spending range is { 1,2,3 }；
C) similarly, in high significance region SHLCU, quantity account for the 20% of whole frame LCU and in human eye very
The region of concern finds that probability of the depth in { 2,3 } range is divided in the actual frame of this part LCU is more than by encoding statistics
0.9, therefore be arranged and be in high significance region SHLCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 2,3 }；
Depth bounds setting is divided in the frame of LCU in different significance regions to be expressed as follows with formula (4):
Wherein DRLCU(p, q) indicates that range is arranged in the depth divided in the frame of LCU (p, q).
7) according to depth bounds are divided in each LCU frame of the current encoded frame of step 6) setting, using HEVC standard
Method for choosing frame inner forecast mode is encoded LCU all in frame by sequence from left to right, from top to bottom, firstly, passing through
Rate distortion costs selection LCU divides optimal intra prediction mode and then percent of pass distortion generation under depth in each frame
Valence divides in the frame of setting to be selected to divide depth in optimal frame in depth bounds, thus obtains the optimal frames of each LCU
Interior partition mode.
8) after the completion of all LCU are encoded in current encoded frame, then present frame coding is completed, and reads in next frame figure later
Picture continues that this method is begun to use to carry out each LCU the setting and the coding that divide depth bounds in frame from step 1).
Claims (3)
1. a kind of HEVC intraframe coding depth based on significance divides high-speed decision method, which is characterized in that the method packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: reading in current video frame images I (i, j) to be encoded, (i, j) is pixel ranks coordinate position, value i=
[1,2 ..., N] and j=[1,2 ..., M], M and N are width and height of the image as unit of pixel respectively；
Step 2: reading in current significant angle value S (i, j) of the frame to be encoded as unit of pixel and obtain the aobvious of accurate pixel layer
Write angle value；
Step 3: the significant angle value S (i, j) of the pixel layer obtained according to step 2 calculates that present frame is nonoverlapping to be with 4 × 4 block of pixels
The significant angle value of unit, and make normalized, firstly, being with 4 × 4 block of pixels according to nonoverlapping in formula (1) calculating frame
The significant angle value S ' of unit4×4(k, l), (k, l) are 4 × 4 pieces of ranks coordinate, and value is k=[1,2 ..., K], l=[1,
2 ..., L], wherein K=N/4, L=M/4, i.e., whole frame have K × L=(M × N)/16 using 4 × 4 block of pixels as the significance of unit
Value,
It later, is the significant angle value S ' of unit with 4 × 4 pieces by present frame4×4(k, l) is normalized between [0,1], obtains S4×4
(k,l)；
Step 4: the significant angle value S after 4 × 4 pieces of normalization each of is obtained according to step 34×4(k, l) is calculated in current encoded frame
The significant angle value of all maximum coding unit LCU, and make normalized, own firstly, being calculated in frame according to formula (2)
The significant angle value S ' of LCULCU(p, q), (p, q) are the ranks coordinates of LCU, and LCU is that size is 64 × 64 block of pixels, each LCU packet
The block of pixels of 16 × 16 4 × 4 sizes, therefore p=[1,2 ..., P] are contained, q=[1,2 ..., Q], wherein P=K/16, Q=
L/16, i.e., whole frame have P × Q=(K × L)/(16 × 16)=(M × N)/(64 × 64) a using 64 × 64 block of pixels as unit
The significant angle value of LCU,
Later, by the significant angle value S ' of all LCU of present frameLCU(p, q) is normalized between [0,1], obtains SLCU(p,q)；
Step 5: current frame to be encoded is divided by the significant angle value after LCU layers of normalization by three regions according to ratio, i.e., it is low
Significance region SL, middle significance region SMWith high significance region SH；
Step 6: HEVC is arranged for each LCU in significance region belonging to present frame each LCU obtained according to step 5
Different depth divides range when intraframe predictive coding；
Step 7: according to depth bounds are divided in each LCU frame of the current encoded frame of step 6 setting, using the frame of HEVC standard
Inner estimation mode selection method is encoded LCU all in frame by sequence from left to right, from top to bottom, firstly, percent of pass
Distortion cost selection LCU divides the optimal intra prediction mode under depth in each frame, and then passes through rate distortion costs
It is divided in the frame of setting and selects to divide depth in optimal frame in depth bounds, in the optimal frames for thus obtaining each LCU
Partition mode；
Step 8: after the completion of all LCU are encoded in current encoded frame, then present frame coding is completed, and reads in next frame figure later
Picture repeats step 1 and carries out the setting and the coding that divide depth bounds in frame to 7 couples of each LCU.
2. a kind of HEVC intraframe coding depth based on significance according to claim 1 divides high-speed decision method,
It is characterized in that, current frame to be encoded is divided into three by the significant angle value after LCU layers of normalization according to ratio in the step 5
The method in region specifically includes:
A) sum for remembering current all LCU of frame to be encoded is NLCU=P × Q, (p, q) a LCU are LCU (p, q)；
B) by the significant angle value S after current all LCU normalization of frame to be encodedLCU(p, q) is according to the sequence being incremented by i.e. from small to large
Sequence；
C) N is definedLCUTwo-dimensional array S [the N that row 2 arrangesLCU] [2], first row storage label [1,2 ..., NLCU], secondary series storage
LCU layers from small to large sort after significant angle value；
D) LCU layers of low significance threshold value are takenHigh significance threshold value
WhereinIt indicates to be rounded downwards, i.e. threshold value SaWith SbIt is determining according to the quantitative proportion of whole frame LCU significance, rather than according to exhausted
Significant angle value is determined；
E) according to the size relation of significant angle value and two threshold values after each LCU normalization, there will be difference using formula (3)
The LCU of significant angle value is divided into low significance region SL, middle significance region SMWith high significance region SH:
Wherein ALCU(p, q) indicates the significance region that LCU (p, q) is divided into.
3. a kind of HEVC intraframe coding depth based on significance according to claim 1 divides high-speed decision method,
It is characterized in that, significance region belonging to present frame each LCU obtained in the step 6 according to step 5, is each
The method that depth division range different when HEVC intraframe predictive coding is arranged in LCU is as follows:
A) when HEVC carries out intra mode decision as unit of LCU, depth { 0,1,2,3 } is divided in totally 4 frames, the depth of consideration
More, then what is divided in LCU frame is finer, and code efficiency is higher, but computation complexity is also higher, if can divide in LCU frame
When, its optimal division depth is predicted, then can reduce computation complexity while keeping code efficiency；Firstly, to being in
Low significance region SLIn LCU, the region that quantity accounts for the 10% of whole frame LCU and less pays close attention in human eye, setting is in
Low significance region SLIn LCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 0,1,2 }；
B) similarly, in middle significance region SMLCU, quantity accounts for the 70% of whole frame LCU and compares concern in human eye
Region, setting are in middle significance region SMLCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 1,2,3 }；
C) in high significance region SHLCU, the region that quantity accounts for the 20% of whole frame LCU and pays special attention in human eye,
Setting is in high significance region SHLCU frame in divide depth bounds be { 2,3 }；
Depth bounds setting is divided in the frame of LCU in different significance regions to be expressed as follows with formula (4):
Wherein DRLCU(p, q) indicates that range is arranged in the depth divided in the frame of LCU (p, q).
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