CN107482712B - Power-off protection circuit and off-network controller of off-network lithium battery reverse connection - Google Patents
Power-off protection circuit and off-network controller of off-network lithium battery reverse connection Download PDFInfo
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- CN107482712B CN107482712B CN201710671720.4A CN201710671720A CN107482712B CN 107482712 B CN107482712 B CN 107482712B CN 201710671720 A CN201710671720 A CN 201710671720A CN 107482712 B CN107482712 B CN 107482712B
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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Abstract
The invention provides a protection circuit for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery and an off-grid controller. The invention adopts a lithium battery state sampling mode different from the controller in the current market, is simple and efficient, can easily distinguish the reverse connection state of the lithium battery, can quickly react and cut off a charging loop even if the reverse connection of the storage battery is detected under the condition of accessing solar energy input, and is safe and reliable. The off-grid controller protection system is reasonable in design and ingenious in concept, solves the problem of off-grid controller protection when the lithium batteries are reversely connected, effectively improves the safety of the off-grid solar system, avoids unnecessary damage, and reduces the wiring difficulty of the off-grid system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an off-grid controller, in particular to an off-grid controller and a protection circuit for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery.
Background
The solar controller that can charge for lithium cell in the existing market all has the battery to prevent reverse-connection function, but the prerequisite is that can not connect solar energy input earlier, when solar energy input inserts solar controller, the lithium cell of inserting the reversal again this moment and meeting can lead to the damage of controller, so when most controller installation, can all stipulate good wiring order on the description, connect the battery earlier, connect the load end again, connect solar energy input again, so to inexperienced connector relatively more troublesome, the mistake easily appears and the protection is not in place.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a power-off protection method for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery.
The invention provides a protection circuit for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery, which comprises a switch circuit and a drive circuit, wherein the switch circuit is connected with the drive circuit; the driving circuit drives the switch circuit to be switched on and off; two ends of the switch circuit are respectively connected with a solar panel wire outlet end and a lithium battery wire outlet end; the driving circuit is connected with a control signal of a main control chip of the solar controller; the solar controller main control chip sends a cut-off signal, and the drive circuit drives the switch circuit to be switched on and off to cut off a circuit connected between the lithium battery and the controller.
Furthermore, the switch circuit comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit; the driving circuit comprises a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit;
the first switching circuit comprises a switching tube Q1 and a switching tube Q4; the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q4 are connected in parallel between the solar panel outlet end and the second switching circuit; the switch tube Q1 and the S-stage of the switch tube Q4 are connected with the solar panel outlet end, and the switch tube Q1 and the D-stage of the switch tube Q4 are connected with the second switch circuit;
the second switching circuit comprises a switching tube Q2 and a switching tube Q3; the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3 are connected between the lithium battery outlet end and the first switching circuit in parallel; the switch tube Q2 and the S-stage of the switch tube Q3 are connected with a lithium battery outlet end, and the switch tube Q2 and the D-stage of the switch tube Q3 are connected with the first switch circuit;
the first driving circuit drives the first switch circuit; the first driving circuit comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D6, a triode Q10, a triode Q12, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R20, a resistor R24, a resistor R30, a resistor R32 and a resistor R33; the triode Q10 is PNP type, and the triode Q12 is NPN type; the diode D1 and the cathode of the diode D2 are connected in parallel to the two ends of the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q4; the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the resistor R26; the anode of the diode D2 and the resistor R27; the resistor R26 and the resistor R27 are connected to the C pole of the triode Q10; the resistor R20 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q10; the B pole of the triode Q10 is connected with the anode of the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the resistor R24; the resistor R24 is connected with the C pole of the triode Q12; a resistor R33 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q12 and the ground; a resistor R32 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q12; a resistor R30 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q12 and the main control chip;
the second driving circuit drives the second switch circuit; the second driving circuit comprises a diode D5, a triode Q6, a triode Q11, a resistor R94, a resistor R17, a resistor R22, a resistor R25, a resistor R28 and a resistor R31; the triode Q6 is PNP type, and the triode Q11 is NPN type; the resistor R94 is respectively connected to the G poles of the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3; the other end of the R94 is connected with the C electrode of the triode Q6; the resistor R17 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q6; the B pole of the triode Q6 is connected with the anode of the diode D5; the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with the resistor R22; the resistor R22 is connected with the C pole of the triode Q11; a resistor R31 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q11 and the ground; a resistor R28 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q11; and a resistor R25 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q11 and the main control chip.
Further, the first driving circuit further comprises a triode group Q9; the first switch circuit further comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R5, a resistor R8 and a resistor R12; the triode group Q9 is an NPN triode with two common B poles; two poles E of the triode group are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D1 and the diode D2; the two C poles of the triode group are respectively connected with the resistor R26 and the resistor R27; the resistor R3 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q1, and the resistor R8 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q4; the resistor R5 is connected to the G pole of the switch tube Q1; the resistor R12 is connected to the G pole of the switch tube Q4; the resistor R5, the resistor R12 and the resistor R27 are connected in parallel.
Further, the second driving circuit further comprises a triode Q50, a triode Q51; the triode Q50 is NPN type, and the triode Q51 is PNP type; the second switch circuit further comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a resistor R9 and a resistor R10; the resistor R94 is connected with the B pole of the triode Q50 and the B pole of the triode Q51; the triode Q50 and the triode Q51 share the E pole; the E pole of the triode Q50 and the G pole of the switching tube Q2 are connected with the resistor R4; the E pole of the triode Q51 and the G pole of the switching tube Q3 are connected with the resistor R10; the resistor R1 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q2; the resistor R9 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q3.
Further, a voltage regulator diode is connected in parallel between DS poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4; the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the D poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the S poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4.
The off-grid controller comprises a main control chip, a sampling circuit, a power circuit and a protection circuit reversely connected with the off-grid lithium battery; the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the main control chip; the power circuit supplies power for both the solar panel and the lithium battery; the sampling circuit is used for collecting power supply signals at the lithium battery side and transmitting the power supply signals to the main control chip; the main control chip is used for judging whether to send out a cut-off signal according to the lithium battery side power supply signal; the cut-off signal controls a protection circuit reversely connected with the off-grid lithium battery to cut off a circuit connected between the lithium battery and the off-grid controller.
Furthermore, the main control chip is a 32-bit STM singlechip, and the sampling circuit comprises a resistor R75, a resistor R77, a resistor R81, a capacitor C35 and a double diode D19; the resistor R75 is connected with the lithium battery side; the resistor R77 is connected with a reference voltage VCC(ii) a One end of the resistor R81 and one end of the capacitor C35 are grounded in parallel, and the other end of the resistor R75 and the resistor R77 are connected; the resistor R77 and the series branch of the capacitor C35 are connected in parallel with the double diode D19; a sampling end is arranged between the resistor R77 and the capacitor C35; the sampling end is connected with the main control chip.
Further, the power supply circuit comprises a diode D7, a diode D9, a zener diode D10, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a resistor R40, a resistor R44, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a voltage regulating chip U3 and a triode Q13; the triode Q13 is NPN type; the anode of the diode D7 is connected to the outlet end of the solar panel; the resistor R34 and the resistor R35 are connected in series to the cathode of the diode D7; the anode of the diode D9 is connected to the outlet end of the lithium battery; the cathode of the diode D9 and the resistor R35 are connected to the resistor R40 in common; the capacitor C11 and the capacitor C13 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected between the resistor R40 and the C pole of the triode Q13; the resistor R44 is connected in parallel between BC poles of the triode Q13; the B pole of the triode Q13 and the grounding end are connected with the voltage-stabilizing diode D10; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected to the B pole of the triode Q13; the E pole of the triode Q13 is connected with the input end VIN of the voltage regulating chip U3, and the output end VOUT of the voltage regulating chip U3 is connected with the main control chip; the grounding end GND of the voltage regulating chip U3 is grounded; the capacitor C14 and the capacitor C15 are connected between the output terminal VOUT and the ground in parallel; the capacitor C12 is connected between the input terminal VIN and ground.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a master control reset circuit, a master control filter circuit and a master control burning circuit; the master control reset circuit comprises a resistor R73 and a capacitor C32; the resistor R73 and the capacitor C32 are connected in series to the main control chip for providing a reference voltage VCCBetween the pin of (a) and ground; the outlet end between the resistor R73 and the capacitor C32 is connected to the reset pin of the main control chip; the master control filter circuit comprises a capacitor C33; the capacitor C33 is connected in series to the main control chip for providing a reference voltage VCCBetween the pin of (a) and ground; the master control burning circuit comprises a burning chip; the programming chip is connected with the main control chip; and the programming chip executes programming on the main control chip.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a protection circuit for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery and an off-grid controller. The invention adopts a lithium battery state sampling mode different from the controller in the current market, is simple and efficient, can easily distinguish the reverse connection state of the lithium battery, can quickly react and cut off a charging loop even if the reverse connection of the storage battery is detected under the condition of accessing solar energy input, and is safe and reliable. The off-grid controller protection system is reasonable in design and ingenious in concept, solves the problem of off-grid controller protection when the lithium batteries are reversely connected, effectively improves the safety of the off-grid solar system, avoids unnecessary damage, and reduces the wiring difficulty of the off-grid system.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The detailed description of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a reverse connection power-off protection method for an off-grid lithium battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a power circuit diagram of an off-grid solar controller according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a sampling circuit diagram of an off-grid solar controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a pin and circuit diagram of a main control chip, a main control reset circuit, a main control filter circuit, and a main control burning circuit of an off-grid solar controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a protection circuit for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
The power-off protection method for the reverse connection of the off-grid lithium battery, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
state sampling, namely collecting potential information of a lithium battery (or a storage battery) side by a solar controller; specifically, the state sampling employs a sampling circuit, and in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the sampling circuit includes a resistor R75, a resistor R77, a resistor R81, a capacitor C35, and a double diode D19; the resistor R75 is connected with the lithium battery side; resistor R77 is connected with reference voltage VCC(ii) a One end of the resistor R81 and one end of the capacitor C35 are grounded in parallel, and the other end of the resistor R75 and the resistor R77 are connected into the capacitor C35; a resistor R77 and a capacitor C35 are connected in parallel with a double diode D19 in series; a sampling end E point is arranged between the resistor R77 and the capacitor C35; the sampling end E point is connected with the main control chip; wherein the reference voltage VCCThe resistor R77 is used for raising the circuit voltage, and the sampling voltage of the E point of the sampling end is superposed with the reference voltage V by utilizing the voltage superposition theoremCCValue and by a reference voltage VCCThe value is standard voltage for sampling, wherein the sampling frequency is 8KHz-20 KHz. As shown in fig. 1, the power-off protection of the reverse connection controller of the lithium battery specifically includes collecting potential information of the lithium battery side, determining whether the state of the lithium battery is a reverse connection state according to the potential information of the lithium battery side, and if so, cutting off a connection circuit between the lithium battery and the controller. In one embodiment, the lithium battery state sampling is carried out every 100us, even if the reverse connection of the lithium battery is detected under the condition of accessing solar energy input, the reverse connection can be quickly responded, and a charging loop is cut off, so that the method is safe and reliable.
And judging the state, judging whether the lithium battery state is a reverse connection state or not by the solar controller according to the potential information of the lithium battery side, if so, sending a cutting signal to cut off a connection circuit between the lithium battery and the controller, and if not, executing normal charging of the lithium battery. As shown in fig. 3, when the lithium battery is reversely connected, the voltage value at the B point of the outlet terminal of the lithium battery is a negative value, and the reference voltage V is superimposedCCAfter the value is reached, the voltage value of the E point at the sampling end is almost zero, the lithium battery is judged to be in a reverse connection state through AD conversion of the sampling voltage, a power-off signal is sent out by a PA11 pin and a PA9 pin of the main control chip U8, as shown in FIG. 5, the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4 are all controlled to be disconnected, namely, a charging loop is cut off, and at the moment, the off-grid solar controller is isolated from the lithium battery,effectively prevent the reverse lithium cell burning out from net solar controller inner circuit. It should be noted that, when the lithium battery works normally, the point B of the lithium battery line-out terminal is the normal working output voltage of the lithium battery, and the sampling voltage of the point E of the sampling terminal is the reference voltage VCCThe normal working voltage value corresponding to the common superposition of the normal working output voltage and the lithium battery is a positive value, namely the corresponding normal working voltage value is obviously greater than the reference voltage VCCThe voltage value corresponding to the value under the independent action can be obviously distinguished from the reverse connection state of the lithium battery through AD conversion of the sampled voltage.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the protection circuit for reverse connection of the off-grid lithium battery includes a switch circuit and a driving circuit; the driving circuit drives the switch circuit to be switched on and off; two ends of the switch circuit are respectively connected with a solar panel wire outlet end and a lithium battery wire outlet end; the driving circuit is connected with a control signal of a main control chip of the solar controller; the solar controller main control chip sends a cut-off signal, and the drive circuit drives the switch circuit to be switched on and off, so that a circuit for connecting the solar controller and the lithium battery is determined.
Specifically, the switch circuit comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit; the driving circuit comprises a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit; the circuit components are described in detail below:
as shown in fig. 5, the first switching circuit includes a switching tube Q1, a switching tube Q4; the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q4 are connected in parallel between the solar panel outlet end and the second switch circuit; the switching tube Q1 and the S-stage of the switching tube Q4 are connected with the solar panel outlet end, and the switching tube Q1 and the D-stage of the switching tube Q4 are connected with the second switching circuit;
the second switching circuit comprises a switching tube Q2 and a switching tube Q3; the switch tube Q2 and the switch tube Q3 are connected in parallel between the lithium battery outlet end and the first switch circuit; the switching tube Q2 is connected with the S-level of the switching tube Q3 and the lithium battery outlet end, and the switching tube Q2 is connected with the D-level of the switching tube Q3 and the first switching circuit;
the first drive circuit drives the first switch circuit; the first driving circuit comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D6, a triode Q10, a triode Q12, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R20, a resistor R24, a resistor R30, a resistor R32 and a resistor R33; the triode Q10 is PNP type, and the triode Q12 is NPN type; the cathodes of the diode D1 and the diode D2 are connected in parallel to the two ends of the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q4; the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the resistor R26; the anode of the diode D2 and the resistor R27; the resistor R26 and the resistor R27 are connected to the C pole of the triode Q10; a BE interelectrode parallel resistor R20 of the triode Q10; the B pole of the triode Q10 is connected with the anode of the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the resistor R24; the resistor R24 is connected with the C pole of the triode Q12; a resistor R33 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q12 and the ground; a resistor R32 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q12; a resistor R30 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q12 and the main control chip;
the second driving circuit drives the second switch circuit; the second driving circuit comprises a diode D5, a triode Q6, a triode Q11, a resistor R94, a resistor R17, a resistor R22, a resistor R25, a resistor R28 and a resistor R31; the triode Q6 is PNP type, and the triode Q11 is NPN type; the resistor R94 is respectively connected to the G pole of the switch tube Q2 and the G pole of the switch tube Q3; the other end of the R94 is connected with the C electrode of a triode Q6; a BE interelectrode parallel resistor R17 of the triode Q6; the B pole of the triode Q6 is connected with the anode of the diode D5; the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with the resistor R22; the resistor R22 is connected with the C pole of the triode Q11; a resistor R31 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q11 and the ground; a resistor R28 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q11; a resistor R25 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q11 and the main control chip.
In order to provide a stable circuit environment, the first driving circuit further includes a triode group Q9; the first switch circuit further comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R5, a resistor R8 and a resistor R12; the triode group Q9 is an NPN triode with two common B poles; two electrodes E of the triode group are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D1 and the diode D2; two C poles of the triode group are respectively connected with a resistor R26 and a resistor R27; a parallel resistor R3 between GS poles of the switching tube Q1, and a parallel resistor R8 between GS poles of the switching tube Q4; the resistor R5 is connected to the G pole of the switching tube Q1; the resistor R12 is connected to the G pole of the switching tube Q4; the resistor R5, the resistor R12 and the resistor R27 are connected in parallel.
Correspondingly, the second driving circuit also comprises a triode Q50 and a triode Q51; the triode Q50 is NPN type, and the triode Q51 is PNP type; the second switch circuit further comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a resistor R9 and a resistor R10; the resistor R94 is connected with the B pole of the triode Q50 and the B pole of the triode Q51; the triode Q50 and the triode Q51 share the E pole; a resistor R4 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q50 and the G pole of the switching tube Q2; a resistor R10 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q51 and the G pole of the switching tube Q3; a resistor R1 connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q2; a resistor R9 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q3. At this time, as shown in fig. 5, the potential at the three points F of the adjusted protection circuit is about twice as high as that at the point a, so that good and stable circuit characteristics are achieved.
In order to stabilize the voltage of each switching tube, voltage stabilizing diodes are connected in parallel between DS poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4; the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the D electrodes of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4; the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the S poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4. In practical application, the protection circuit reversely connected to the off-grid lithium battery is a lithium battery charging circuit, and when the lithium battery is normally charged, the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4 adjust voltages required by each stage of charging of the lithium battery according to instructions of the main control chip, which is the prior art and is not described herein again.
As shown in fig. 5 and 4, the cut-off signal is sent out through a PA11 pin and a PA9 pin of the main control chip U8, wherein the PA11 pin is connected to an H point of the first driving circuit, the PA9 pin is connected to an I point of the second driving circuit, the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q4 in the first switching circuit are driven to be switched on and off by the first driving circuit, and the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3 in the second switching circuit are driven to be switched on and off by the second driving circuit.
The off-grid controller comprises a main control chip, a sampling circuit, a power circuit and a protection circuit reversely connected with the off-grid lithium battery; the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the main control chip; the power supply circuit supplies power for both the solar panel and the lithium battery; the sampling circuit is used for collecting power supply signals at the lithium battery side and transmitting the power supply signals to the main control chip; the main control chip is used for judging whether to send out a cut-off signal according to the power supply signal of the lithium battery side; and the protection circuit for controlling the reverse connection of the off-grid lithium battery through the cut-off signal cuts off a circuit connected between the lithium battery and the off-grid controller. The sampling circuit and the protection circuit for the off-grid lithium battery reverse connection have been described in detail, and are not described herein again. It should be noted that, the off-grid controller is an off-grid solar controller in an embodiment, and is only an application of the off-grid controller in an off-grid solar power generation system, and may also be used in other off-grid power generation systems such as small wind power generation systems and small geothermal power generation systems.
In an embodiment, specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the main control chip is a 32-bit STM single chip, and the off-network controller further includes a main control reset circuit, a main control filter circuit, and a main control burning circuit; the master control reset circuit comprises a resistor R73 and a capacitor C32; a resistor R73 and a capacitor C32 connected in series to the main control chip for providing a reference voltage VCCBetween the pin of (a) and ground; the wire outlet end between the resistor R73 and the capacitor C32 is connected to a reset pin of the main control chip; the master control filter circuit comprises a capacitor C33; a capacitor C33 connected in series to the main control chip for providing a reference voltage VCCBetween the pin of (a) and ground; the master control burning circuit comprises a burning chip; the programming chip is connected with the main control chip; and the programming chip executes programming on the main control chip.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the power circuit includes a diode D7, a diode D9, a zener diode D10, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a resistor R40, a resistor R44, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a voltage regulating chip U3, and a transistor Q13; the triode Q13 is NPN type; the anode of the diode D7 is connected to the outlet end of the solar panel; the resistor R34 and the resistor R35 are connected to the cathode of the diode D7 in series; the anode of the diode D9 is connected to the outlet end of the lithium battery; the cathode of the diode D9 and the resistor R35 are connected to the resistor R40 in common; the capacitor C11 and the capacitor C13 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected between the resistor R40 and the C electrode of the triode Q13; a resistor R44 is connected in parallel between BC poles of the triode Q13; a voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q13 and the grounding end; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected to the B pole of the triode Q13; the E pole of the triode Q13 is connected with the input end VIN of the voltage regulating chip U3, and the output end VOUT of the voltage regulating chip U3 is connected with the main control chip; the grounding end GND of the voltage regulating chip U3 is grounded; the capacitor C14 and the capacitor C15 are connected between the output terminal VOUT and the ground in parallel; the capacitor C12 is connected between the input terminal VIN and ground. Wherein, the diodes D7 and D9 prevent fallingThe diode is filled, the A end is connected to the solar panel outlet end, the B end is connected to the lithium battery outlet end, the solar panel and the lithium battery can supply power to the main control chip, and the resistor R34 and the resistor R35 are mainly based on the lithium battery for supplying power voltage; in one embodiment, the output voltage at point C is 12V, VCCIt was 3.3V.
The invention provides a power-off protection method for reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery, which comprises the steps of sampling a state, and collecting potential information of a lithium battery side by a controller; and judging the state, namely judging whether the state of the lithium battery is in a reverse connection state or not according to the potential information of the side of the lithium battery, if so, sending a cutting signal to cut off a connecting circuit between the lithium battery and the controller, and if not, executing normal charging of the lithium battery. The invention also relates to a protection circuit and an off-grid controller for the reverse connection of the off-grid lithium battery. The invention adopts a lithium battery state sampling mode different from the controller in the current market, is simple and efficient, can easily distinguish the reverse connection state of the lithium battery, can quickly react and cut off a charging loop even if the reverse connection of the storage battery is detected under the condition of accessing solar energy input, and is safe and reliable. The off-grid controller protection system is reasonable in design and ingenious in concept, solves the problem of off-grid controller protection when the lithium batteries are reversely connected, effectively improves the safety of the off-grid solar system, avoids unnecessary damage, and reduces the wiring difficulty of the off-grid system.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; those skilled in the art can readily practice the invention as shown and described in the drawings and detailed description herein; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Protection circuit of off-grid lithium cell transposition, its characterized in that: comprises a switch circuit and a drive circuit; the driving circuit drives the switch circuit to be switched on and off; two ends of the switch circuit are respectively connected with a solar panel wire outlet end and a lithium battery wire outlet end; the driving circuit is connected with a control signal of a main control chip of the solar controller; the solar controller main control chip sends a cut-off signal, the drive circuit drives the switch circuit to be switched on and off to cut off a circuit connected between the lithium battery and the controller, and the switch circuit comprises a first switch circuit and a second switch circuit; the driving circuit comprises a first driving circuit and a second driving circuit; the first switching circuit comprises a switching tube Q1 and a switching tube Q4; the switching tube Q1 and the switching tube Q4 are connected in parallel between the solar panel outlet end and the second switching circuit; the switch tube Q1 and the S pole of the switch tube Q4 are connected with the solar panel outlet end, and the switch tube Q1 and the D pole of the switch tube Q4 are connected with the second switch circuit; the second switching circuit comprises a switching tube Q2 and a switching tube Q3; the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3 are connected between the lithium battery outlet end and the first switching circuit in parallel; the switch tube Q2 and the S pole of the switch tube Q3 are connected with the lithium battery outlet end, and the switch tube Q2 and the D pole of the switch tube Q3 are connected with the first switch circuit; the first driving circuit drives the first switch circuit; the first driving circuit comprises a diode D1, a diode D2, a diode D6, a triode Q10, a triode Q12, a resistor R26, a resistor R27, a resistor R20, a resistor R24, a resistor R30, a resistor R32 and a resistor R33; the triode Q10 is PNP type, and the triode Q12 is NPN type; the diode D1 and the cathode of the diode D2 are connected in parallel to the two ends of the switch tube Q1 and the switch tube Q4; the anode of the diode D1 is connected with the resistor R26; the anode of the diode D2 and the resistor R27; the resistor R26 and the resistor R27 are connected to the C pole of the triode Q10; the resistor R20 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q10; the B pole of the triode Q10 is connected with the anode of the diode D6; the cathode of the diode D6 is connected with the resistor R24; the resistor R24 is connected with the C pole of the triode Q12; a resistor R33 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q12 and the ground; a resistor R32 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q12; a resistor R30 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q12 and the main control chip; the second driving circuit drives the second switch circuit; the second driving circuit comprises a diode D5, a triode Q6, a triode Q11, a resistor R94, a resistor R17, a resistor R22, a resistor R25, a resistor R28 and a resistor R31; the triode Q6 is PNP type, and the triode Q11 is NPN type; the resistor R94 is respectively connected to the G poles of the switching tube Q2 and the switching tube Q3; the other end of the R94 is connected with the C electrode of the triode Q6; the resistor R17 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q6; the B pole of the triode Q6 is connected with the anode of the diode D5; the cathode of the diode D5 is connected with the resistor R22; the resistor R22 is connected with the C pole of the triode Q11; a resistor R31 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q11 and the ground; a resistor R28 is connected in parallel between BE poles of the triode Q11; and a resistor R25 is connected between the B pole of the triode Q11 and the main control chip.
2. The protection circuit for the reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first driving circuit also comprises a triode group Q9; the first switch circuit further comprises a resistor R3, a resistor R5, a resistor R8 and a resistor R12; the triode group Q9 is an NPN triode with two common B poles; two poles E of the triode group are respectively connected with the anodes of the diode D1 and the diode D2; the two C poles of the triode group are respectively connected with the resistor R26 and the resistor R27; the resistor R3 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q1, and the resistor R8 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q4; the resistor R5 is connected to the G pole of the switch tube Q1; the resistor R12 is connected to the G pole of the switch tube Q4; the resistor R5, the resistor R12 and the resistor R27 are connected in parallel.
3. The protection circuit for the reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second driving circuit also comprises a triode Q50 and a triode Q51; the triode Q50 is NPN type, and the triode Q51 is PNP type; the second switch circuit further comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R4, a resistor R9 and a resistor R10; the resistor R94 is connected with the B pole of the triode Q50 and the B pole of the triode Q51; the triode Q50 and the triode Q51 share an E pole; the resistor R4 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q50 and the G pole of the switch Q2; the resistor R10 is connected between the E pole of the triode Q51 and the G pole of the switch Q3; the resistor R1 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q2; the resistor R9 is connected in parallel between GS poles of the switching tube Q3.
4. The protection circuit for the reverse connection of an off-grid lithium battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a voltage stabilizing diode is connected in parallel between DS poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4; the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the D poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the S poles of the switching tube Q1, the switching tube Q2, the switching tube Q3 and the switching tube Q4.
5. Off-network controller, its characterized in that: the off-grid lithium battery protection circuit comprises a main control chip, a sampling circuit, a power circuit and the protection circuit in reverse connection with the off-grid lithium battery, wherein the protection circuit is as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4; the power supply circuit is used for supplying power to the main control chip; the power circuit supplies power for both the solar panel and the lithium battery; the sampling circuit is used for collecting power supply signals at the lithium battery side and transmitting the power supply signals to the main control chip; the main control chip is used for judging whether to send out a cut-off signal according to the lithium battery side power supply signal; the switching-off signal controls a protection circuit reversely connected with the off-grid lithium battery to switch off a circuit connected between the lithium battery and the off-grid controller, the main control chip is a 32-bit STM single chip microcomputer, and the sampling circuit comprises a resistor R75, a resistor R77, a resistor R81, a capacitor C35 and a double diode D19; the resistor R75 is connected with the lithium battery side; the resistor R77 is connected with a reference voltage VCC(ii) a One end of the resistor R81 and one end of the capacitor C35 are grounded in parallel, and the other end of the resistor R75 and the resistor R77 are connected; the resistor R77 and the series branch of the capacitor C35 are connected in parallel with the double diode D19; a sampling end is arranged between the resistor R77 and the capacitor C35; the sampling end is connected with the main control chip.
6. The off-network controller of claim 5, wherein: the power supply circuit comprises a diode D7, a diode D9, a voltage stabilizing diode D10, a resistor R34, a resistor R35, a resistor R40, a resistor R44, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, a capacitor C14, a capacitor C15, a voltage regulating chip U3 and a triode Q13; the triode Q13 is NPN type; the anode of the diode D7 is connected to the outlet end of the solar panel; the resistor R34 and the resistor R35 are connected in series to the cathode of the diode D7; the anode of the diode D9 is connected to the outlet end of the lithium battery; the cathode of the diode D9 and the resistor R35 are connected to the resistor R40 in common; the capacitor C11 and the capacitor C13 are connected in parallel, one end of the capacitor C11 is grounded, and the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected between the resistor R40 and the C pole of the triode Q13; the resistor R44 is connected in parallel between BC poles of the triode Q13; the B pole of the triode Q13 and the grounding end are connected with the voltage-stabilizing diode D10; the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D10 is connected to the B pole of the triode Q13; the E pole of the triode Q13 is connected with the input end VIN of the voltage regulating chip U3, and the output end VOUT of the voltage regulating chip U3 is connected with the main control chip; the grounding end GND of the voltage regulating chip U3 is grounded; the capacitor C14 and the capacitor C15 are connected between the output terminal VOUT and the ground in parallel; the capacitor C12 is connected between the input terminal VIN and ground.
7. The off-network controller of claim 5, wherein: the device also comprises a master control reset circuit, a master control filter circuit and a master control burning circuit; the master control reset circuit comprises a resistor R73 and a capacitor C32; the resistor R73 and the capacitor C32 are connected in series to the main control chipIs supplied with a reference voltage VCCBetween the pin of (a) and ground; the outlet end between the resistor R73 and the capacitor C32 is connected to the reset pin of the main control chip; the master control filter circuit comprises a capacitor C33; the capacitor C33 is connected in series to the main control chip for providing a reference voltage VCCBetween the pin of (a) and ground; the master control burning circuit comprises a burning chip; the programming chip is connected with the main control chip; and the programming chip executes programming on the main control chip.
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| CN201710671720.4A CN107482712B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Power-off protection circuit and off-network controller of off-network lithium battery reverse connection |
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| CN201710671720.4A CN107482712B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | Power-off protection circuit and off-network controller of off-network lithium battery reverse connection |
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| CN107482712B true CN107482712B (en) | 2020-12-11 |
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| CN108306400A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-07-20 | 广州云阳电子科技有限公司 | A kind of detectable Cross prevention battery pack connects and starts the intelligent charger and its implementation of charging automatically |
| CN116388313B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-12-29 | 麦特科(深圳)科技有限公司 | Battery reverse connection prevention control method and device |
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| CN103219782A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-07-24 | 安伏（苏州）汽车电源科技有限公司 | High-power battery charging device capable of preventing reverse current charging and battery reversal |
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Effective date of registration: 20220527 Address after: Room 624-625, Taicang German student entrepreneurship Park, No. 66, Ningbo East Road, Taicang Economic Development Zone, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000 Patentee after: If new energy technology (Jiangsu) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215000 Building No. 5, No. 1 Peiyuan Road, Science and Technology City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province - 4-401 (1) Patentee before: SUZHOU RENOGY NEW ENERGY TECHNOOGY CO.,LTD. |