CN107479328B - Production method and production device of precoated photoresist magnesium plate - Google Patents
Production method and production device of precoated photoresist magnesium plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107479328B CN107479328B CN201710667952.2A CN201710667952A CN107479328B CN 107479328 B CN107479328 B CN 107479328B CN 201710667952 A CN201710667952 A CN 201710667952A CN 107479328 B CN107479328 B CN 107479328B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/092—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers characterised by backside coating or layers, by lubricating-slip layers or means, by oxygen barrier layers or by stripping-release layers or means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production process and equipment of a precoated photosensitive resist magnesium plate. The magnesium alloy adopts a fine-grain AZ 31B-grade magnesium alloy plate, and the contents of Mn and Ca in the base material are limited; the method comprises the following specific process flows of plate shearing, aging, sanding, cleaning and drying, airing, coating, heating and heat preservation, sanding, cleaning and drying, surface treatment, airing, coating, heating and heat preservation, standing, film coating and the like; the production apparatus includes: hydraulic shears, a sanding machine set, a cleaning dryer, a protective layer roller coating machine, a photosensitive glue roller coating machine, a hot air circulation drying box, a film laminating machine and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method and a production device of a precoated photoresist magnesium plate, belonging to the field of nonferrous metal materials and printing plate making.
Background
The precoated photoresist magnesium plate is also called magnesium plate. Currently, there is a wide demand for magnesium plates in the printing field, and the demand is rapidly increasing. Actually, magnesium alloy plates begin to be applied in the printing field as early as 40 years ago, are mainly concentrated in countries in Europe and America, and are mainly copperplate and zinc plate in China, because special plates required by printing plate making cannot be produced in China, and the price of imported magnesium plates is high. However, the copperplate and the zinc plate have serious damage to the environment, and simultaneously, the performance of the copperplate and the zinc plate is not good in all aspects, so that the magnesium plate gradually appears in the market along with the improvement of the domestic technology, more and more copperplates and zinc plates are replaced by the magnesium plate, and if the copperplates and the zinc plates are all replaced by the magnesium plate, the annual magnesium plate demand is more than 7000 tons.
The demand of the printing field for the magnesium plate mainly focuses on the fields of gold stamping and embossing, namely a magnesium alloy etched plate. The magnesium plate corrosion process comprises the steps of plate burning, plate opening, acid washing, alkali washing and the like. The finished product after processing can be installed on a stamping machine for direct use. As early as 40 years ago, Magnesium Elektro (Magnesium group, illinois) began to produce Magnesium alloy etched plates. Because a large amount of waste liquid is generated in the plate making process of the zinc plate and the copper plate, the heavy metal content is high, the environmental pollution is particularly serious, and the magnesium plate is completely used for replacing the zinc plate and the copper plate in the printing field in European and American countries.
The magnesium plate has the following advantages compared with the zinc plate and the copper plate: (1) plate making time: the plate making process of the gold stamping plate is similar, the main difference is reflected in etching time, under the condition that etching patterns and required etching depth are the same, the magnesium plate is used for 5min, the zinc plate is used for 25min, and the copper plate is more than 30 min; (2) hardness: the hardness is a main technical parameter for measuring the bronzing plate, the Brinell hardness of the magnesium plate is 70, the zinc plate is 60 and the copper plate is 95 below 50 ℃, and the hardness of the magnesium plate is 65, the zinc plate is 30 and the copper plate is 88 when the plate is heated to 100 ℃. It can be seen that the change in the hardness of the magnesium plate is minimal when the temperature required for gold stamping is reached. Thus, the printing quantity is directly influenced, under the same condition, the printing quantity of the magnesium plate and the copper plate is more than 20 ten thousand times, and the printing quantity of the zinc plate is within 5 ten thousand times; (3) gold stamping effect: after the magnesium alloy etched plate is subjected to plate making, the gradient is appropriate, the edge is sharp, the hardness is high, in addition, the heating and the cooling are fast in the ironing production process, the surface of a printing stock subjected to gold stamping is very bright, the effect is the same as that of a copperplate, and the surface of the printing stock far exceeds that of a zinc plate; (4) cost: under the condition of the same area, the same thickness and the same requirement, the cost of the magnesium plate is reduced by 30 percent compared with that of the zinc plate and is reduced by 70 percent compared with that of the copper plate. In the gold stamping production process, the production cost of the magnesium plate is reduced by 10 percent compared with that of the zinc plate and the copper plate. (5) In the aspect of environmental protection: the zinc plate and the copper plate generate a large amount of waste liquid rich in heavy metal ions in the plate making process, cannot be recycled, and has serious environmental pollution, while magnesium is a well-known light metal, is harmless to human bodies and the environment, and is rich in earth crust and seawater, so that the magnesium-magnesium alloy plate is a resource with great market potential.
At present, domestic resources and environmental problems are serious, heavy pollution printing modes such as a zinc plate and a copper plate are gradually eliminated, a novel green environment-friendly magnesium plate making technology is not mature, and the research and popularization of a magnesium alloy etching plate production process and corresponding production equipment are an irresistible task at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a production method and a production device of a precoated photoresist magnesium plate.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a precoated photoresist magnesium plate, which comprises the following steps:
shearing a magnesium alloy plate, aging, sanding for the first time, cleaning and drying for the first time, airing for the first time, coating a protective layer, heating and preserving heat for the first time, sanding for the second time, performing surface micro-treatment, cleaning and drying for the second time, airing for the second time, coating a photosensitive adhesive, heating and preserving heat for the second time, standing and laminating a film.
Specific parameters of relevant operation steps are explained as follows aiming at the production process of the magnesium plate:
1) shearing:
and shearing the straightened magnesium alloy plate strip to the required size, and polishing burrs at the edge part.
2) Aging treatment:
and (3) placing the required plate in an aging furnace, uniformly applying uniform force with a certain magnitude on the plate, heating to 250-300 ℃, preserving heat for 4-5 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace. After aging, the internal stress of the plate can be obviously improved, and the shape of the plate can be stabilized.
3) Sanding:
in order to remove an oxide layer on the surface of the magnesium plate and obtain the magnesium plate to be coated with excellent surface performance, the two sides of the magnesium alloy plate are sanded by a sander, and after one-time sanding, the roughness of the two sides of the magnesium plate is less than Ra1.0. When actual sanding is carried out, the surface of the magnesium plate is sanded to be close to the required thickness by a coarse sanding belt, and then, the magnesium plate is sanded. The surface quality of the magnesium plate has direct influence on the binding force of the protective coating.
4) Cleaning and drying:
a large amount of moisture exists on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate after sanding, the magnesium alloy is quickly corroded to form a chip-shaped object on the surface of the magnesium plate, and the adhesive force of the coating is seriously influenced. Therefore, the magnesium plate after sanding needs to be cleaned and dried in a cleaning and drying machine immediately, and the drying temperature is set to be 120-150 ℃.
5) And (3) airing:
the dried magnesium board has the water inside which is not distributed, a plurality of air holes are formed in the film layer due to high temperature in the drying process, the coating performance is affected, and the dried magnesium board is placed in a dust-free and dry room for airing for 3-5 hours, so that the problem can be solved.
6) Coating a protective layer:
and uniformly coating the prepared protective adhesive on the surface of the magnesium plate by using a roller coating machine, and controlling the viscosity of the adhesive and the pressure of the roller coating machine on a pressing roller to control the thickness of the film layer to be 15-30 mu m.
7) Heating and heat preservation:
and standing the magnesium board coated with the protective layer for 15-30 min, and drying the magnesium board in a drying furnace after the protective glue naturally levels, wherein the drying temperature and time are set according to the selected protective glue process.
8) Sanding for the second time:
after the protective glue is dried, the surface of the magnesium alloy to be coated with the photosensitive glue is corroded by air and needs to be sanded again, the surface is sanded for the second time by using a sanding belt of more than 600 meshes, and the final roughness needs to reach within Ra0.6 mu m.
9) Surface treatment:
in order to eliminate the sanding trace on the surface of the magnesium plate and improve the adhesive force of the photosensitive adhesive layer, the surface of the magnesium alloy plate can be subjected to micro-corrosion treatment. The corrosion solution is prepared according to the proportion of concentrated sulfuric acid of 7.5mL/L, ammonium bifluoride of 3.2g/L and additive of 10g/L, the magnesium alloy plate is placed into the solution after being uniformly stirred, and the magnesium alloy plate is soaked for 20-30 s.
10) Cleaning, drying and airing:
and (5) repeating the steps (4) and (5) on the magnesium alloy plate after the micro corrosion, and cleaning, drying and airing the surface to be coated with the photosensitive adhesive, wherein tap water can be used as cleaning water, and no debris is generated in the water.
11) Coating a photosensitive resist:
the coating of the photosensitive coating is the core step of magnesium plate preparation, the operation needs to be carried out in a dark room to avoid the irradiation of natural light and white light, red light and yellow light can be adopted, photosensitive ink is prepared, stirred, filtered and stood, then the photosensitive ink is uniformly coated on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate by a photosensitive ink roll coating machine, and the thickness of the coating is controlled to be 16-25 mu m.
12) Drying:
setting the drying temperature and time according to the technological requirements of the photosensitive resist, performing drying operation, and adopting a tunnel type drying furnace to ensure that the leveling time and the drying temperature of the photosensitive resist are consistent.
13) Standing:
the photosensitive resist is usually dried at a low temperature, the bonding force between the photosensitive coating and the magnesium plate is weak, and the coated magnesium alloy etched plate needs to be kept still in a dark room for about 24 hours.
14) Film covering:
after the end of the standing, the photosensitive coating was covered with a black plastic film to prevent accidental exposure.
Preferably, the magnesium alloy plate is AZ 32B.
Preferably, the aging treatment method comprises the steps of placing the magnesium alloy plate in an aging furnace, and applying uniform pressure 10 along the thickness direction of the magnesium alloy plate3～104And Pa, raising the temperature to 250-300 ℃, and preserving the heat for 2-3 h. After aging, the internal stress of the plate can be obviously improved, and the shape of the plate can be stabilized.
Preferably, the surface roughness Ra of the magnesium alloy plate after the first sanding is less than 1.0, and the surface roughness Ra after the second sanding is less than 0.6. When actual sanding is carried out, the surface of the magnesium plate is sanded to be close to the required thickness by a coarse sanding belt, and then, the magnesium plate is sanded. The surface quality of the magnesium plate has direct influence on the binding force of the protective coating.
Preferably, the method for coating the protective layer is roll coating, and the thickness of the protective layer is 15-30 μm.
Preferably, the corrosive liquid for surface micro-treatment is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid, ammonium bifluoride and an organic corrosion inhibitor, the volume fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 7.5mL/L, the concentration of the ammonium bifluoride is 3.2g/L, the concentration of the organic corrosion inhibitor is 5 g/L-10 g/L according to the specific type, and the micro-corrosion treatment time is 20-30 s.
Preferably, the method for coating the photosensitive resist is roll coating, and the thickness of the photosensitive resist is 16-25 μm.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a production system of the precoated photosensitive glue magnesium plate, which is applied to the production method of the precoated photosensitive glue magnesium plate, and comprises a hydraulic shear, a sanding unit, a cleaning dryer, a protective layer roller coater, a photosensitive glue drying furnace, a protective glue drying furnace and a film laminating machine, wherein the sanding unit comprises a plurality of sanding machines which are linearly arranged, and the number of abrasive belts of the sanding machines is sequentially increased from front to back; the protective layer roller coating machine is a full-precision double-roller coating machine; the photosensitive glue roller coating machine is a full-precision double-roller coating machine; the protective adhesive drying furnace is a hot air circulation box drying furnace; the photosensitive emulsion drying furnace is a tunnel type drying furnace.
The sanding machine set is a belt type sanding machine with an automatic feeding function, the sanding machines of the sanding machines are arranged along a straight line and can be directly connected through transmission to form an automatic sanding production line, the mesh number of the sanding belts of the sanding machines is arranged from front to back from low to high, the pressing amount and the rotating speed of the sanding belts can be conveniently set through a human-computer interaction interface, and when the mesh number of the sanding belts is more than or equal to 600 meshes, the sanding belt supporting roller adopts a large elastic supporting roller.
The protective rubber roll coater adopts a full-precision double-roll coater, smooth rubber rolls with hardness larger than 60HBW are uniformly distributed in the front and the back, the distance between an upper roll gap and a lower roll gap of the roll coater is accurately displayed through an infrared distance measuring instrument, and the rotating speed of each roll is accurately controlled through a variable frequency motor.
The photosensitive glue roll coating machine adopts a full-precision double-roll coating machine, the front rubber roll is a smooth rubber roll with the hardness of about 50HBW, the rear rubber roll is a corrugated roll with the hardness of about 50HBW, the distance between the upper roll gap and the lower roll gap of the roll coating machine is accurately displayed through an infrared distance measuring instrument, and the rotating speed of each roll is accurately controlled through a variable frequency motor.
The protective glue drying furnace adopts a hot air circulation box type drying furnace, the temperature is accurately controlled through a temperature sensor and a controller, the magnesium plate is placed in the drying furnace in an upper layer and a lower layer under the general condition, and the circulating air adopts a side air inlet mode to ensure that the magnesium plate is uniformly heated.
The photosensitive resist drying furnace adopts a single-layer, double-layer or multi-layer tunnel type drying furnace, the moving speed of the tunnel can be accurately controlled through a frequency converter, and the temperature can also be accurately controlled through a thermocouple and a controller, so that the heating condition of each magnesium plate can be ensured to be completely the same.
As a preferred scheme, 1-2 sand blasting machines are arranged in the last pass of the sanding unit.
In the photosensitive glue roller coating machine, a front rubber roller is a smooth rubber roller, and a rear rubber roller is a corrugated roller; in the protective layer roller coating machine, the front glue distribution roller and the rear glue distribution roller are smooth glue distribution rollers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the patent provides a production process of a precoated magnesium plate for pressing, which fills the blank in the aspect of domestic precoated magnesium plate production process, and the precoated magnesium plate produced by the process has no residual stress of plastic deformation and high flatness; the possibility that the magnesium plate is corroded by water in the process flow is greatly reduced, the plate surface is smooth and clean, and no oxide exists; after sand blasting and micro-corrosion, the sanding trace on the board surface disappears, the adhesive force with the printing ink is enhanced, and the developing resolution of the photosensitive surface is improved; the accurate drying adjustment greatly enhances the stability of different batches of precoated magnesium plates.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the production method of the precoated photoresist magnesium plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a production method of a precoated magnesium alloy etching plate with the specification of 2 x 610 x 914mm, which specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting AZ31B magnesium alloy rolling strips with the thickness of 2.3-2.5 mm, detecting that main elements Al, Zn, Mn and Ca are in a reasonable range, straightening the rolling strips by a straightening machine, and cutting the strips to the required width and length by hydraulic shears with the error of +/-3 mm;
stacking the cut magnesium alloy plates together, putting the magnesium alloy plates into a box type aging furnace, placing a heavier metal block on the magnesium alloy plates to achieve the effect of uniformly applying force, heating the aging furnace to 280 ℃, preserving for 4 hours, and then cooling along with the aging furnace;
sanding the aged magnesium alloy plate to 2.10-2.15 mm by using an 80-mesh sander, and then sanding both sides of the magnesium plate to 2.05-2.08 mm by using a 240-mesh sander; after sanding, directly sending the sand to a cleaning dryer for cleaning and drying, wherein the drying temperature is set to 180 ℃; after drying, vertically placing the magnesium board for airing for 4 hours;
adopting corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant ink as etching board back protective glue, wherein the ink has high viscosity, coating by using a roller coating machine, wherein a rubber roller of the roller coating machine adopts a polishing rubber roller with Brinell hardness of 60HBW, the ink is required to be proportionally mixed, stirred, filtered and stood before roller coating, relevant parameters such as a roller gap, a rotating speed and the like of the roller coating machine are adjusted, the ink is poured between an evenly distributed steel roller and the evenly distributed rubber roller, magnesium boards to be coated are put into a roller bed of the roller coating machine one by one for coating, the magnesium alloy boards coated with a protective layer are stood for 30min, then the magnesium alloy boards are sent into a box type drying furnace, the temperature is set to be 150 ℃, the time is set;
and (3) sanding the cooled semi-finished product of the precoated magnesium alloy plate for the second time, sanding the semi-finished product of the precoated magnesium alloy plate for 2 times by using a 240-mesh abrasive belt, sanding the semi-finished product of the precoated magnesium alloy plate for 3 times by using a 600-mesh abrasive belt, putting the sanded semi-finished product of the magnesium alloy plate into an acidic corrosion solution for corrosion, and preparing the corrosion solution according to 7.5mL/L of concentrated sulfuric acid, 3.2g/L of ammonium bifluoride and 10g/L of an additive for 25s until the surface of a photosensitive adhesive to. After the micro-corrosion is finished, immediately sending the semi-finished product into a cleaning dryer, drying at the temperature of 200 ℃, and vertically placing and airing the semi-finished product of the precoated magnesium plate for 4 hours;
uniformly coating photosensitive ink on the sanding surface of a magnesium plate by using a full-precision double-roller coating machine, wherein the viscosity of the photosensitive ink is low, the ink is prepared in advance in proportion, stirred, filtered and stood, the upper and lower roll gaps of the roller coating machine are set to be 1.95mm, coating is carried out according to preset arrangement, the magnesium plate is placed into a tunnel type heating furnace for heating after coating, the temperature is set to be 90 ℃, and the time is 20 min;
and (3) placing the precoated plate coated with the photosensitive ink on a frame, airing for more than 24 hours, carrying out the operation in a dark room (infrared light or yellow light can be used), wrapping a black plastic film on the photosensitive coating by using a film laminating machine, and then coding, packaging and warehousing the product.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The production method of the precoated photoresist magnesium plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
shearing a magnesium alloy plate, aging, sanding for the first time, cleaning and drying for the first time, airing for the first time, coating a protective layer, heating and preserving heat for the first time, sanding for the second time, performing surface micro-treatment, cleaning and drying for the second time, airing for the second time, coating a photosensitive adhesive, heating and preserving heat for the second time, standing, and laminating a film;
the aging treatment method comprises the steps of placing the magnesium alloy plate in an aging furnace, and applying 10 in the thickness direction of the magnesium alloy plate3～104Uniformly distributing pressure Pa, raising the temperature to 250-300 ℃, and preserving heat for 2-3 h;
the surface roughness Ra of the magnesium alloy plate after the first sanding is less than 1.0, and the surface roughness Ra of the magnesium alloy plate after the second sanding is less than 0.6;
the method for coating the protective layer is roll coating, and the thickness of the protective layer is 15-30 mu m;
the corrosion liquid for surface micro-treatment is a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid, ammonium bifluoride and an organic corrosion inhibitor, the volume fraction of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 7.5mL/L, the concentration of the ammonium bifluoride is 3.2g/L, the concentration of the organic corrosion inhibitor is 5 g/L-10 g/L, and the micro-corrosion treatment time is 20-30 s;
the method for coating the photosensitive glue is roller coating, and the thickness of the photosensitive glue is 16-25 mu m.
2. The method for producing a magnesium plate with a pre-coated photoresist according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy plate has a designation AZ 31B.
3. The production system of the precoated photosensitive glue magnesium plate is applied to the production method of the precoated photosensitive glue magnesium plate according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising a hydraulic shear, a sanding unit, a cleaning dryer, a protective layer roller coater, a photosensitive glue drying furnace, a protective glue drying furnace and a film laminating machine, wherein the sanding unit comprises a plurality of sanding machines which are linearly arranged, and the mesh number of abrasive belts of the sanding machines is sequentially increased from front to back; the protective layer roller coating machine is a full-precision double-roller coating machine; the photosensitive glue roller coating machine is a full-precision double-roller coating machine; the protective adhesive drying furnace is a hot air circulation box drying furnace; the photosensitive emulsion drying furnace is a tunnel type drying furnace.
4. The system for producing a precoated photoresist magnesium plate according to claim 3, wherein 1-2 sand blasting machines are arranged in the last pass of the sanding unit.
5. The production system of the precoated photoresist magnesium plate according to claim 3, wherein in the photoresist roller coater, the front rubber roller is a photoresist roller, and the rear rubber roller is a corrugated roller; in the protective layer roller coating machine, the front glue distribution roller and the rear glue distribution roller are smooth glue distribution rollers.
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| CN108410378A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-17 | 上海利正卫星应用技术有限公司 | A kind of protective film for substituting magnesium alloy etching back anti-decaying paint |
| CN108437647A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-24 | 上海利正卫星应用技术有限公司 | A kind of magnesium alloy etching plate producing process substituting back side anti-decaying paint with protective film |
| CN110359650A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-22 | 原阳县大诚家居材料有限公司 | One kind exempting from enamel-cover and covers balustrade or guardrail and preparation method thereof |
| CN115874260B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-11-01 | 宝钢金属有限公司 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy etching plate and magnesium alloy etching liquid |
| CN114261177B (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2022-05-24 | 河南精镁新材料有限公司 | Etched magnesium board production device and method |
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