CN107478713A - A kind of method that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil - Google Patents
A kind of method that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of method that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, this method comprises the following steps：Soft ionization is carried out to oil sample using Direct Analysis in Real Time ion gun, then carries out direct Mass Spectrometer Method；Wherein, when carrying out soft ionization, directly analysis ion gun selects positive ion mode in real time, and carrier gas is argon gas, and input mode is that sample flow aids in sample introduction；The type of hydrocarbon compound in oil is made a distinction according to Mass Spectrometer Method result, the type includes alkane, cycloalkane and arene.Scheme provided by the invention can be with molecular composition distributed intelligence that is convenient, deeply providing oil paraffin, cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon, so as to the judgement for nature of petroleum, the processing of oil provides theoretic guidance, all has wide practical use in oil exploitation and manufacture field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum molecules composition analysis technical field, and in particular to a kind of that hydrocarbon compound in oil is carried out
The method of the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization.
Background technology
Hydrocarbon compound is the main part of oil, and content accounts for 50%-90%.Hydrocarbon in oil
Thing includes alkane, cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon etc., is widely distributed in each cut of oil.Table is carried out to petroleum hydrocarbon
Sign, obtains its molecular composition information, contributes to us to understand the property of oil, and provide guidance to rationally refining oil.
Currently used petroleum hydrocarbon molecular composition characterizing method is gas chromatography-mass spectrum technology (GC-MS).But due to gas
Phase chromatogram requires gas phase sample introduction, and the boiling point of crude oil and most of distillate is above the most huge pillar that chromatographic column can bear
Temperature, and oil product may crack under high temperature, therefore, this method is only applicable to the relatively low oil product of some boiling points (such as gasoline).This
Outside, oil and its distillate constituent are complicated, and the separative efficiency of chromatogram does not reach the requirement of monomer separation, and this is also the technology
One of at present the shortcomings that.
For the distillate and crude oil that composition is complicated and boiling point is higher, currently used method is using high-resolution
Mass spectrum is characterized, and ionization techniques are the keys of this method.But existing ionization techniques can not be realized while to all
The hydro carbons of type is directly characterized.Electron spray ionisation source (ESI) is applied very extensively in petroleum molecules composition characterizes, but it can only
The compound of polarity is ionized, for nonpolar or low pole hydrocarbon compound, the method for derivatization need to be used by the hydrocarbon conversion
For the material of polarity, then detected.This derivatization method is only applicable to a small number of hydrocarbon compounds, and complex operation, time-consuming
Longer, complicated conversion process can cause result to have certain deviation.Atmospheric pressure photoionization source (APPI), can only analyze oil
In aromatic hydrocarbon, but alkane and cycloalkane in oil can not be ionized.Field desorption ionization source (FI/FD), in theory being capable of electricity
From nonpolar hydro carbons, but due to the method with high-resolution mass spectrometry currently without stabilization, therefore stone it is not suitable for yet
The analysis of hydrocarbon compound in oil.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of straight to hydrocarbon compound progress soft ionization in oil
The method for connecing mass spectral analysis.
The direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil it is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of
System, and supporting sampling device.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, soft ionization direct mass spectrum point is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil the invention provides a kind of
The method of analysis, this method comprise the following steps：
Soft ionization is carried out to oil sample using Direct Analysis in Real Time ion gun, then carries out direct Mass Spectrometer Method；Wherein,
When carrying out soft ionization, directly analysis ion gun selects positive ion mode in real time, and carrier gas is argon gas, and input mode aids in for sample flow
Sample introduction；
The type of hydrocarbon compound in oil is made a distinction according to Mass Spectrometer Method result, the type include alkane,
Cycloalkane and arene.
Just as discussed in the background section, detected for the molecular level of universal class type hydro carbons in oil, existing skill
Art can not be realized.Direct analysis (DART) in real time is used as a kind of plasma ionization source, has the characteristics of direct, quickly to analyze,
From research work has been reported it can be gathered that DART ionization polarity, which covers, relatively extensively, can take into account the chemical combination for ionizing polarity and low pole
Thing, it is applied to the analysis of hydrocarbon compound from ionization mechanism angle analysis, but there has been no the report of document at present.DART ionization sources
It is normal temperature and pressure open type ionization source, its ionization mechanism is complex, is the result of multifactor synergy.Inventor is studying
Middle discovery：Working gas nitrogen or helium that DART standards are equipped with are replaced by another inert gas, argon gas, and combine sample
Product stream aids in sample introduction, in the positive-ion mode, from suitable ionization solvent medium and other ionization conditions, the hydro carbons in oil
Compound can be by direct soft ionization.
By further investigation, inventor is further discovered that：Under this special ionization atmosphere, it is situated between in certain ionization solvent
Under matter and air dielectric synergism, hydrocarbon compound can not only be by soft ionization, and alkane, cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon show
Different ionization behaviors is gone out, this means that DART ionization sources directly and mass spectrometry, can both realize hydro carbons in oil
The differentiation detection of the typical types (cycloalkane, alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon) of compound, moreover it is possible to carry out a certain degree of differentiation.The discovery
Detection to hydro carbons in oil is significant.On this basis, the invention provides a kind of to hydrocarbon compound in oil
The method for carrying out the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization, this method can be with convenient, inexpensive offer oil paraffin, cycloalkane and virtues
The composition distributed intelligence of fragrant hydrocarbon, so as to the judgement for nature of petroleum, the processing of oil provides theoretic guidance.In PETROLEUM PROCESSING
Field has wide practical use.
In addition, it is necessary to, it is noted that because the hydrocarbon compound complexity in oil is various, hydrocarbon compound is except with single
Alkane, cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon mode exist outer, there is Long carbon chain, saturated rings, aromatic rings simultaneously in a compound
In two or three of structure situation it is also a lot.Therefore, for the compound of latter labyrinth, final ionization event
It should be the reaction of different structure resultant effect.
It is above-mentioned to oil in hydrocarbon compound carry out the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization method in, it is preferable that carry out it is soft
During ionization, directly the temperature of analysis ion gun is 200 DEG C -500 DEG C in real time；Preferably 400 DEG C -500 DEG C；More preferably 450 DEG C.
It is above-mentioned to oil in hydrocarbon compound carry out the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization method in, it is preferable that this method
The step of also including first carrying out oil sample hydro carbons enrichment processing.Hydro carbons enrichment processing can use four component partition methods to carry out
Hydro carbons is enriched with.Four saturation point, fragrance point, colloid and asphalitine components are obtained after the separation of four component partition methods.Hydrocarbon
Thing integrated distribution is in saturation point and fragrance point.
It is above-mentioned to oil in hydrocarbon compound carry out the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization method in, it is preferable that carry out it is soft
During ionization, from direct soft ionization can be played electric charge transfer or proton translocation effect solvent, such as dichloromethane, benzene,
One or more of combinations in n-hexane, normal heptane, pentane, toluene, isooctane and hexamethylene；Preferably n-hexane, different
Octane or toluene.In addition, sample introduction concentration is preferably 0.5-5mg/ml.
It is above-mentioned to oil in hydrocarbon compound carry out the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization method in, it is preferable that the stone
Oil includes all petroleum crude oils and distillate containing all types of hydrocarbon compounds；Such as diesel oil, lubricating oil, decompression residuum or original
Oil.
It is above-mentioned to oil in during hydrocarbon compound carries out the method for the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization, it is preferable that carry out straight
When connecing Mass Spectrometer Method, tested and analyzed using Orbitrap mass or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy.
It is above-mentioned to oil in hydrocarbon compound carry out the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization method in, it is preferable that plasma
The ionization voltage of volume ionization device is 2.5-5kV.
Present invention also offers a kind of system that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, this is
System includes directly analyzing ionization device, Mass Spectrometer Method device and sampling device in real time；The sampling device be used for aid in continuously from
Son accumulation, by sample introduce pump and one with auxiliary gas can the sample feeding pipe of atomized sample in real time form, positioned at directly dividing in real time
Analysis ionization and the centre of Mass Spectrometer Method device, the central point of three are coaxial.；Preferably, the Mass Spectrometer Method device is orbit trap
Mass spectrum or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy.
Present invention finds the feasibility of DART soft ionization hydrocarbon compounds and different type hydrocarbon compound (alkane
Hydrocarbon, cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon) ionization behavior difference, from mass spectrum ionize gained characteristic ion aspect obtain to different hydrocarbons
The statistical analysis of the molecular level of compound, is realized together so as to successfully realize to oil paraffin, cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon
When detection distinguish.Can fast and convenient, (including the straight chain of the alkane in deep difference oil comprehensively in method provided by the invention
Alkane, branched paraffin and the cycloalkane with long side chain), cycloalkane (including is connected multiple monocyclic and few ring with carbon backbone
The polycyoalkane of structure and the polycyoalkane using multiring structure as parent nucleus with short-side chain) and aromatic hydrocarbon.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the raw mass spectrum figure that Mass Spectrometer Method is analyzed in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is the composition distribution situation of the paraffin of embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the composition distribution situation of cycloalkane in embodiment 1.
Embodiment
In order to which technical characteristic, purpose and the beneficial effect of the present invention is more clearly understood, now to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme carry out it is described further below, but it is not intended that to the present invention can practical range restriction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for being used to carry out hydrocarbon compound in oil the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is present embodiments provided,
And system, it is specific as follows：
The concrete structure of system that the present embodiment provides is：The system includes DART ionization sources, Fourier transformation ion returns
Rotation resonance mass spectrum and sample introduction tube assembly；Sample introduces system by sample feeding pipe, is drawn after the ionization of DART ionization sources by working gas
Enter mass spectrum to be detected.
Test process is as follows：
(1) 10mg lube base oils 94F1 (because component is mainly hydro carbons, therefore need not be subjected to hydro carbons enrichment behaviour
Make) dissolved with 1ml toluene, it is made into 10mg/ml solution to be measured；
(2) parameter information of detecting instrument is set：DART is arranged to positive ion mode, carrier gas is argon gas, ionization electricity
It is 450 DEG C to press as 4kV, ionization temperature；
(3) using sample flow auxiliary sample introduction, and Mass Spectrometer Method is carried out；
(4) on the basis of Mass Spectrometer Method data are arranged, corresponding DBE scattergrams are drawn respectively, obtain classes of compounds
Composition distributed intelligence.
Analysis of test results：
Fig. 1 is the raw mass spectrum figure that Mass Spectrometer Method obtains；Fig. 2 is the composition distribution map of alkane and cycloalkane, according to this
Figure is understood, carbon number 15-45 alkane (DBE=2) is included in the lube base oil, and DBE=3-11 is the list of belt length side chain
Ring is to nine ring cycloalkane；
Fig. 3 is the composition distribution map of cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon, and it can be seen from the figure, carbon number is included in lube base oil
14-43 cycloalkane and aromatic hydrocarbon.DBE is 3-10, and it is mainly the cycloalkane or 1-2 phenyl ring that number of rings is 3-10 to illustrate composition
Aromatic hydrocarbons.
As can be seen here, method provided by the invention can be realized in oil while cycloalkane, alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon
Detection is distinguished.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is characterised in that this method bag Include following steps：Soft ionization is carried out to oil sample using Direct Analysis in Real Time ion gun, then carries out direct Mass Spectrometer Method；Wherein, carry out During soft ionization, directly analysis ion gun select positive ion mode in real time, and carrier gas is argon gas, input mode for sample flow aid in into Sample；The type of hydrocarbon compound in oil is made a distinction according to Mass Spectrometer Method result, the type includes alkane, cycloalkanes Hydrocarbon and arene.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is, when carrying out soft ionization, directly the temperature of analysis ion gun is 200 DEG C -500 DEG C in real time.
- 3. the method according to claim 2 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is, when carrying out soft ionization, directly the temperature of analysis ion gun is 400-500 DEG C in real time.
- 4. the method according to claim 1 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is, when carrying out soft ionization, directly the temperature of analysis ion gun is 450 DEG C in real time.
- 5. the method according to claim 1 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is that this method also includes first carrying out oil sample the step of separation of hydrocarbons enrichment is handled.
- 6. the method according to claim 5 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is that the hydro carbons enrichment processing is to carry out separation of hydrocarbons enrichment using four component partition methods.
- 7. the method according to claim 1 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is, when carrying out soft ionization, the solvent used is dichloromethane, benzene, n-hexane, normal heptane, pentane, toluene, isooctane With one or more of combinations in hexamethylene；Preferably n-hexane, isooctane or toluene.
- 8. the method according to claim 1 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is that the oil sample includes diesel oil, lubricating oil, decompression residuum or crude oil.
- 9. the method according to claim 1 that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is special Sign is, when carrying out direct Mass Spectrometer Method, is detected using Orbitrap mass or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy Analysis.
- A kind of 10. system that the direct mass spectral analysis of soft ionization is carried out to hydrocarbon compound in oil, it is characterised in that the system bag Include and directly analyze ionization device, Mass Spectrometer Method device and sampling device in real time；The sampling device is used to aid in continuous ionic to accumulate, and sample can be atomized in real time with auxiliary gas by introducing pump and one by sample The sample feeding pipe composition of product, it is coaxial positioned at the directly centre of analysis ionization in real time and Mass Spectrometer Method device, the central point of three；Preferably, the Mass Spectrometer Method device is Orbitrap mass or Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy.
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| CN111323475A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for analyzing molecular composition of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum oil products |
| CN111595924A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining gas invasion degree of condensate oil |
| CN111595925A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging TSR (condensate oil recovery) degree according to petromics |
| CN111595928A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging thermal cracking degree of crude oil |
| CN111595930A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining TSR degree of crude oil according to aromatic hydrocarbon compounds |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111323475A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-23 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for analyzing molecular composition of aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in petroleum oil products |
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| CN111595924A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining gas invasion degree of condensate oil |
| CN111595925A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging TSR (condensate oil recovery) degree according to petromics |
| CN111595928A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging thermal cracking degree of crude oil |
| CN111595930A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining TSR degree of crude oil according to aromatic hydrocarbon compounds |
| CN111595924B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-02-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining gas invasion degree of condensate oil |
| CN111595925B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2023-02-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging TSR (condensate oil recovery) degree according to petromics |
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