CN107478671B - Three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system and test method thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107478671B CN107478671B CN201710920246.4A CN201710920246A CN107478671B CN 107478671 B CN107478671 B CN 107478671B CN 201710920246 A CN201710920246 A CN 201710920246A CN 107478671 B CN107478671 B CN 107478671B
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 39
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010742 number 1 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system and a test method thereof, and relates to a device and a method for detecting the foaming effect of fire-extinguishing foam and the stability of the foam on the oil surface. The system comprises a foam supply system, an experiment system and a recording system; the upper part of the experiment system is provided with a bubble supply system, and the recording system is positioned in the middle part and the lower part of the experiment system; the foam supply system comprises a three-phase foam conveying pipe, the front end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe is connected with a three-phase foam generating device, and the rear end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe is positioned at the upper part of the experiment system; the experimental system comprises a graduated bottomless graduated cylinder, a separating funnel, a glass jacket, a connecting pipe, a beaker and a triangular bracket; the recording system comprises an electronic balance I, an electronic balance I and a camera; the first electronic balance is positioned below the triangular bracket, the second electronic balance is positioned below the beaker, and the camera and the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder are positioned at the same height; and the electronic balance I, the electronic balance I and the camera in the recording system are connected with a computer through a signal data transmission line, and data are recorded in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system and a test method thereof, relates to a test device and a test method thereof, and in particular relates to a device and a method for detecting the foaming effect of fire-extinguishing foam and the stability of the foam on the oil surface.
Background
The foam fire extinguishing agent is widely applied to various oil fires by virtue of good cooling effect, shielding effect and asphyxia effect, can not only rapidly cool the surface temperature of combustible materials, but also isolate heat radiation of external heat sources to the combustible materials, prevents the combustible materials from contacting with air, and has good fire prevention and extinguishing effects. However, the foam extinguishing agent has the defects that under the action of a flame plume, the foam is easy to break or blow off, and when the temperature of a flame scene is high, the foam is easy to evaporate and difficult to reach the oil surface, so that the extinguishing effect cannot be fully exerted.
In recent years, three-phase foam prepared by adding solid phase powder on the basis of two-phase foam has been widely applied to the field of coal mine fire prevention and extinguishment and has achieved good results. The three-phase foam extinguishing agent fully utilizes the covering effect of the solid phase, the heat absorption effect of water and the choking capability of nitrogen to prevent coal spontaneous combustion or extinguish fire, and the framework of the three-phase foam can still exist in a goaf for a long time after the three-phase foam is completely dehydrated, so that the three-phase foam has remarkable fire prevention and extinguishing effects when being used for mines. Researchers find out the wide application prospect in the oil fire field according to the excellent fire prevention and extinguishing performance of the three-phase foam.
To apply the three-phase foam to the oil fire field, the foam property is important. Expansion and stability are two important indicators for evaluating foam. The foaming multiple is an index for measuring the foaming capacity of the foam liquid, the higher the foaming multiple is, the larger the total volume of foam emitted by the same amount of foam liquid is, but the spraying effect is poor, and the lower the foaming multiple is, the smaller the volume of foam emitted by the same amount of foam liquid is, and the spraying effect is good. The expansion ratio is affected by the composition of the foam liquid and the foaming device. The stability of the foam can be represented by the height change rate and the liquid separation rate, and the foam has good stability, can isolate the heat radiation of an external heat source to the oil surface for a long time, can prevent the contact between air and the oil surface, and has good fire extinguishing and re-combustion preventing effects. The stability of a three-phase foam is affected by more factors than a two-phase foam due to the presence of the solid phase component. At present, although a large number of devices for measuring the foaming times and the stability of two-phase foam exist in the market, the devices can only measure the foaming times or the stability singly, but cannot measure the foaming times or the stability simultaneously, and the devices cannot be well applied to three-phase foam, and even the stability of the device can not be measured in actual use. In addition, the device cannot measure the stability of the foam on the oil surface and cannot well reflect the effect of the foam in practical application. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device integrating the foaming multiple and the oil surface stability test.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects, provides a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability testing system and a testing method thereof, and provides a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability testing device which is simple in structure and convenient to operate and a testing method thereof.
The three-phase foam foaming multiple and oil surface stability testing system and the testing method thereof are realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system comprises a foam supply system, an experiment system and a recording system.
The upper part of the experiment system is provided with a bubble supply system, and the recording system is positioned in the middle part and the lower part of the experiment system.
The upper part of the experiment system is provided with a foam supply system, the foam supply system comprises a three-phase foam conveying pipe, the front end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe is connected with a three-phase foam generating device, the three-phase foam is generated or provided by other devices, the rear end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe is positioned at the upper part of the experiment system, and the three-phase foam is conveyed to the experiment system; the experiment system comprises a graduated bottomless measuring cylinder, a separating funnel, a glass jacket, a connecting pipe, a beaker and a triangular bracket, wherein the glass is used for manufacturing the experiment system except the triangular bracket, so that observation and experiment record are facilitated. The outside of the separating funnel is provided with a glass jacket, a vacuum pumping is carried out between the separating funnel and the glass jacket, the lower part of the separating funnel is provided with a liquid separating pipe with scales, the lower part of the liquid separating pipe is provided with a control valve, the front end of the connecting pipe is connected with the control valve, the rear end of the connecting pipe extends to the upper part of the beaker, so that separated liquid flows into the beaker, the triangular bracket is arranged at the lower parts of the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder, the glass jacket and the separating funnel, and the triangular bracket supports the whole experimental system. The recording system comprises an electronic balance I, an electronic balance II and a camera, wherein the electronic balance I is positioned below the tripod, the electronic balance II is positioned below the beaker, and the camera and the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder are positioned at the same height. And the electronic balance I, the electronic balance I and the camera in the recording system are connected with a computer through a signal data transmission line, and data are recorded in real time.
The graduated bottomless measuring cylinder, the separating funnel, the glass jacket, the connecting pipe and the beaker are all made of glass, so that observation and experimental record are facilitated.
The testing method of the three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability testing system comprises the following steps:
and (3) building a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system, closing a valve, pouring oil into a separating funnel to the joint of the bottomless measuring cylinder and the separating funnel, opening a camera, a first electronic balance and a second electronic balance, connecting with a computer, and recording data. The prepared three-phase foam is added into a graduated bottomless measuring cylinder through a three-phase foam conveying pipe, the foam adding height is 8-10cm, and the foaming multiple is calculated through the mass and the volume. When the water column with the height of 2cm-3cm exists in the liquid separating pipe with the scales, a control valve is opened to discharge water, the liquid separating rate is calculated according to data recorded by a computer, the height change rate is calculated according to the height change condition recorded by a camera, the foam stability is judged, the real-time foaming multiple can be calculated according to the foam quality and the volume real-time data, and the three-phase foam decay condition is studied.
The three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system and the test method thereof have the beneficial effects that: the three-phase foam expansion ratio and oil surface stability test system is reasonable in design, simple in structure, small in size, raw material-saving, strong in operability and powerful in function, integrates expansion ratio measurement and oil surface stability test, can measure the real-time expansion ratio of foam, and is also enabled to be used for measuring the stability of foam under different oil temperatures due to good heat preservation effect. For stability evaluation, the stability of the foam can be evaluated from different angles by analyzing not only the three-phase foam height variation, but also the analysis of the liquid analysis rate by measuring the liquid analysis amount. The test results of the foaming multiple and the oil surface stability provide references for the practical application of the three-phase foam in oil fire. The system can be widely applied to research and development and performance test of novel three-phase foam.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test apparatus.
In the figure: 1. a three-phase foam delivery tube; 2. a graduated bottomless cylinder; 3. a separating funnel; 4. a glass jacket; 5. a graduated liquid separating tube; 6. a control valve; 7. a connecting pipe; 8. a beaker; 9. a tripod; 10. an electronic balance I; 11. an electronic balance II; 12. and a video camera.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the device for testing the foaming multiple of the three-phase foam and the oil surface stability of the invention comprises a foam supply system, an experiment system and a recording system. The upper part of the experiment system is provided with a foam supply system, the foam supply system comprises a three-phase foam conveying pipe (1), the front end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe (1) is connected with a three-phase foam generating device, three-phase foam is generated or provided by other devices, the rear end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe (1) is positioned at the upper part of the experiment system, and the three-phase foam is conveyed to the experiment system; the experimental system comprises a graduated bottomless measuring cylinder (2), a separating funnel (3), a glass jacket (4), a connecting pipe (7), a beaker (8) and a triangular bracket (9), wherein the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder, the separating funnel, the glass jacket, the beaker (8) and the triangular bracket are all made of glass, so that observation and experimental record are facilitated. The outside of separating funnel (3) has glass to press from both sides cover (4), and evacuation between separating funnel (3) and glass press from both sides cover (4), separating funnel (3) lower part has take scale divides liquid pipe (5), and control valve (6) are equipped with to divide liquid pipe (5) lower part, and connecting pipe (7) front end links to each other with control valve (6), and the rear end stretches beaker (8) upper portion, makes and separates out liquid inflow beaker, and tripod (9) are installed in taking scale no-bottom graduated cylinder (2), glass to press from both sides cover (4) and separating funnel (3) lower part, and tripod (9) support above-mentioned whole experimental system. The recording system comprises an electronic balance I (10), an electronic balance I (11) and a camera (12), wherein the electronic balance I (10) is positioned below the tripod (9), the electronic balance II (11) is positioned below the beaker (8), and the camera (12) and the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder (2) are positioned at the same height. And the electronic balance I, the electronic balance I and the camera in the recording system are connected with a computer through a signal data transmission line, and data are recorded in real time.
The testing method of the three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability testing system comprises the following steps:
and (3) building a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system, closing a valve (6), pouring oil into a separating funnel (3) to the joint of the bottomless measuring cylinder (2) and the separating funnel (3), opening a camera (12), a first electronic balance (10) and a second electronic balance (11), and connecting the camera with a computer to record data. The prepared three-phase foam is added into a graduated bottomless measuring cylinder (2) through a three-phase foam conveying pipe (1), the foam adding height is 8-10cm, and the foaming multiple is calculated through the mass and the volume. When 2cm-3cm of water exists in the liquid distribution pipe (5) with scales, a control valve (6) is opened to discharge the water, the liquid distribution rate is calculated according to data recorded by a computer, the height change rate is calculated according to the height change condition recorded by a camera (12), the foam stability is judged, the real-time foaming multiple can be calculated according to the foam quality and the volume real-time data, and the three-phase foam decay condition is studied.
Examples
The specific operation steps are as follows:
and (3) building a three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability test system according to the drawing 1, closing a valve (6), pouring oil into a separating funnel (3) to the joint of the bottomless measuring cylinder (2) and the separating funnel (3), opening a camera (12), an electronic balance I (10) and an electronic balance II (11), and connecting with a computer to record data. The prepared three-phase foam is added into a graduated bottomless measuring cylinder (2) through a three-phase foam conveying pipe (1), the foam adding height is 8-10cm, and the foaming multiple is calculated through the mass and the volume. When 2cm-3cm of water exists in the liquid distribution pipe (5) with scales, a control valve (6) is opened to discharge the water, the liquid distribution rate is calculated according to data recorded by a computer, the height change rate is calculated according to the height change condition recorded by a camera (12), the foam stability is judged, the real-time foaming multiple can be calculated according to the foam quality and the volume real-time data, and the three-phase foam decay condition is studied.
The testing method comprises the following steps:
1) Adding oil into the separating funnel to the joint of the separating funnel and the bottomless measuring cylinder, wherein the oil is diesel oil, coal oil or the like, and recording the total weight of the electronic balance I (10) as M 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The beaker is placed on a second electronic balance (11) and the weight m is recorded 1 ;
2) Adding three-phase foam into bottomless measuring cylinder, wherein the foam is in direct contact with oil surface at the joint, and recording weight M by electronic balance (10) 2 M is then 2 -M 1 The weight of the foam is obtained;
3) The initial height of the three-phase foam is recorded as H 1 The initial volume V of the foam can be calculated according to the inner diameter of the bottomless measuring cylinder 1 ;
4) The density of foam liquid of the three-phase foam is ρ, and the initial foaming multiple of the three-phase foam is calculated according to the formula;
5) When the liquid distribution pipe (5) has 2cm-3cm of water, the valve (6) is opened to discharge the water to the beaker (8), and the reading of the electronic balance I (10) is recorded as M 3 The reading number of the electronic balance II (11) is m 2 Foam height H 2 The foam volume was calculated to be V 2 ;
6) Repeating the step 5), recording the reading M of the electronic balance (10) when water is put once 4 、M 5 … … the reading of the electronic balance II (11) is m 3 、m 4 … … the foam height is H 3 、H 4 … … the foam volume is V 3 、V 4 ……;
7) According to the formula in the step 4), M 2 Replaced by M 3 、M 4 ……,V 1 Replaced by V 2 、V 3 … …, the foaming times of the foam at different moments can be calculated, e.g、/>……;
8) Reading m obtained by electronic balance II (11) 2 、m 3 … … all subtract m 1 Then, the obtained data and the computer record time are made into an m-t graph, and the three-phase foam liquid separating rate condition can be analyzed;
9) Making an H-t diagram of the foam height and time, and analyzing the change rate of the three-phase foam height;
10 Comprehensive analysis of the stability and decay law of the three-phase foam;
11 The oil product is heated to different temperatures of 40 ℃, 60 ℃, 80 ℃ and the like, and the steps 1) to 10) are repeated, so that the inside of the glass jacket is vacuum, the good heat preservation effect is realized, the oil temperature is basically kept unchanged in the experimental process, and the three-phase foam stability and decay conditions under different oil temperatures can be obtained;
12 By comparing the height change and liquid separation rate of the three-phase foam and the two-phase foam, the influence of the solid phase particles on the height change and liquid separation rate of the foam in the presence of oil can be analyzed; by comparing the height change and liquid separation rate of the three-phase foam with different formulas, the stability of the foam with which formula is higher in oil level and the foaming capacity is better can be analyzed, so that the development of a novel foam formula is carried out.
Claims (2)
1. A three-phase foam foaming multiple and oil surface stability test system is characterized in that: the system comprises a foam supply system, an experiment system and a recording system;
the upper part of the experiment system is provided with a bubble supply system, and the recording system is positioned in the middle part and the lower part of the experiment system;
the foam supply system comprises a three-phase foam conveying pipe, the front end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe is connected with a three-phase foam generating device, the rear end of the three-phase foam conveying pipe is positioned at the upper part of the experiment system, and the three-phase foam is conveyed to the experiment system;
the experimental system comprises a graduated bottomless graduated cylinder, a separating funnel, a glass jacket, a connecting pipe, a beaker and a triangular bracket; the outside of the separating funnel is provided with a glass jacket, a vacuum is pumped between the separating funnel and the glass jacket, the lower part of the separating funnel is provided with a liquid separating pipe with scales, the lower part of the liquid separating pipe is provided with a control valve, the front end of the connecting pipe is connected with the control valve, the rear end of the connecting pipe stretches to the upper part of the beaker, so that separated liquid flows into the beaker, the triangular bracket is arranged at the lower parts of the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder, the glass jacket and the separating funnel, and the triangular bracket supports the whole experimental system;
the recording system comprises an electronic balance I, an electronic balance II and a camera; the first electronic balance is positioned below the triangular bracket, the second electronic balance is positioned below the beaker, and the camera and the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder are positioned at the same height; the first electronic balance, the second electronic balance and the camera in the recording system are connected with a computer through a signal data transmission line, and data are recorded in real time;
the testing method of the three-phase foam expansion and oil surface stability testing system comprises the following steps of
Building a three-phase foam expansion ratio and oil surface stability test system, closing a valve, pouring an oil product into a separating funnel to a joint of a bottomless measuring cylinder and the separating funnel, opening a camera, a first electronic balance and a second electronic balance, connecting with a computer, recording data, adding the prepared three-phase foam into the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder through a three-phase foam conveying pipe, and calculating the foam expansion ratio through mass and volume, wherein the foam addition height is 8-10 cm; when 2cm-3cm of water is in the liquid distribution pipe with scales, a control valve is opened to discharge the water, the liquid distribution rate is calculated according to data recorded by a computer, the height change rate is calculated according to the height change condition recorded by a camera, the foam stability is judged, the real-time foaming multiple can be calculated according to the foam quality and the volume real-time data, and the three-phase foam decay condition is studied;
the testing method comprises the following steps:
1) Adding oil into a separating funnel to the joint of the separating funnel and the bottomless measuring cylinder, wherein the oil is diesel oil or kerosene, and the total weight is M in the first recording of an electronic balance 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The beaker is placed on a second electronic balance, and the weight m is recorded 1 ;
2) Adding three-phase foam into bottomless measuring cylinder, wherein the foam is in direct contact with oil surface at the joint, and recording weight M by electronic balance 2 M is then 2 -M 1 The weight of the foam is obtained;
3) The initial height of the three-phase foam is recorded as H 1 The initial volume V of the foam can be calculated according to the inner diameter of the bottomless measuring cylinder 1 ;
4) The density of foam liquid of the three-phase foam is ρ, and the initial foaming multiple of the three-phase foam is calculated according to the formula
5) When the liquid distribution pipe has 2cm-3cm water, the valve is opened to discharge the water to the beaker, and the reading of the electronic balance is M 3 The second reading of the electronic balance is m 2 Foam height H 2 The foam volume was calculated to be V 2 ;
6) Repeating the steps, and recording a reading M of the electronic balance once when water is discharged 4 、M 5 … … the second reading of the electronic balance is m 3 、m 4 … … the foam height is H 3 、H 4 … … the foam volume is V 3 、V 4 ……;
7) According to the formula in the step, M 2 Replaced by M 3 、M 4 ……,V 1 Replaced by V 2 、V 3 … …, the foaming times of the foam at different moments can be calculated, e.g
8) Reading m obtained by the second electronic balance 2 、m 3 … … all subtract m 1 Then, the obtained data and the computer record time are made into an m-t graph, and the three-phase foam liquid separating rate condition can be analyzed;
9) Making an H-t diagram of the foam height and time, and analyzing the change rate of the three-phase foam height;
10 Comprehensive analysis of the stability and decay law of the three-phase foam;
11 The oil product is heated to different temperatures of 40 ℃, 60 ℃ and 80 ℃ and the steps 1) to 10) are repeated, and the inside of the glass jacket is vacuum, so that the glass jacket has a good heat preservation effect, and the oil temperature is basically kept unchanged in the experimental process, so that the stability and decay conditions of the three-phase foam under different oil temperatures can be obtained;
12 By comparing the height change and liquid separation rate of the three-phase foam and the two-phase foam, the influence of the solid phase particles on the height change and liquid separation rate of the foam in the presence of oil can be analyzed; by comparing the height change and liquid separation rate of the three-phase foam with different formulas, the stability of the foam with which formula is higher in oil level and the foaming capacity is better can be analyzed, so that the development of a novel foam formula is carried out.
2. The three-phase foam expansion and oil level stability test system according to claim 1, wherein: the graduated bottomless measuring cylinder, the separating funnel, the glass jacket, the connecting pipe and the beaker are all made of glass, so that observation and experimental record are facilitated.
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CN112782346A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Foam fire extinguishing dynamic testing device and method |
CN113376051A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-09-10 | 西安理工大学 | Device for automatically measuring foam liquid separation time and using method thereof |
CN113820158A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-21 | 应急管理部天津消防研究所 | Integrated foam performance detection box and detection method |
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CN205483894U (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-08-17 | 陕西铁路工程职业技术学院 | Measurement device for foaming agent expansion ratio and foaming stabilization |
CN207215739U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-04-10 | 南京工业大学 | Three-phase froth coefficient of foaming and pasta system for testing stability |
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