CN107478555B - Gas particles object measurement method and device - Google Patents
Gas particles object measurement method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107478555B CN107478555B CN201710685506.4A CN201710685506A CN107478555B CN 107478555 B CN107478555 B CN 107478555B CN 201710685506 A CN201710685506 A CN 201710685506A CN 107478555 B CN107478555 B CN 107478555B
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000001373 regressive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012067 mathematical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/4802—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- G01N15/075—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of gas particles object measurement method and devices, can be measured by laser radar to gas particles object, obtain radar echo signal intensity；Determine the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；The backscattering coefficient of the radar echo signal intensity, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule is inputted to calculate in preset discretization laser radar equation and obtains parameter among particle concentration；Parameter among the particle concentration is inputted in preset Polynomical regressive equation, particle concentration is calculated.Since the present invention obtains particle concentration by preset discretization laser radar equation and preset Polynomical regressive equation, therefore the present invention only needs the large scale and high accuracy measurement that particle concentration can be realized by laser radar, without using PM measuring instrument, using the quantity of instrument when reducing measurement, cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmospheric sounding techniques fields, more particularly to gas particles object measurement method and device.
Background technique
With the continuous intensification of Chinese Industrialization degree, problem of environmental pollution is also got worse.PM2.5 and PM10 is these two types of
Suspended particulate substance, since its aerial concentration directly affects the health of people, it is achieved that PM2.5 and PM10
The real-time monitoring important in inhibiting of concentration.
With advances in technology with development, since aerosol LIDAR can measure the optics of suspended particulate substance in air
And microphysical property, aerosol LIDAR have been applied to the measurement of atmosphere pollution.In laser radar field, gas is often utilized
The size of colloidal sol extinction coefficient characterizes the degree of air pollution.In general, Aerosol Extinction is bigger, air pollution is just
It is more serious, it is on the contrary then to represent air quality better.But current aerosol lidar systems can only obtain the delustring of atmosphere
Coefficient and backscattering coefficient.And the parameters such as extinction coefficient and PM2.5 and PM10 concentration have no direct conversion formula.Therefore,
General pollution-motoring lidar can all have a PM measuring instrument to be operated together at work, establish delustring system by the comparison of the two
Statistical relationship between several and PM value.This method is more using equipment, involves great expense.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of gas particles object measurement method and device, only to pass through aerosol
The measurement of laser radar realization particle concentration.Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of gas particles object measurement method, comprising:
Gas particles object is measured by laser radar, obtains radar echo signal intensity；
Determine the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；
By the input of the backscattering coefficient of the radar echo signal intensity, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule it is preset from
It is calculated in dispersion laser radar equation and obtains parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；
Parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this described measurement process is inputted in preset Polynomical regressive equation,
Particle concentration is calculated, wherein the Polynomical regressive equation is parameter among particle concentration and particle concentration
Polynomical regressive equation.
Optionally, the preset discretization laser radar equation are as follows:
Wherein, P (λi,rj) it is to use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, apart from laser
Light source rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity；λiFor the wavelength of laser radar signal；rjLaser light source is arrived for sensing point
Distance；A(λi) it is instrumental constant；βπ,m(λi,rj) be molecule backscattering coefficient；gπ,a(λi) it is same detection
The ratio of the extinction coefficient of the backscattering coefficient and aerosol of the aerosol of point；For the extinction coefficient logarithm of molecule
Average value；hk(rj) it is parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；Ψk(λi) it is this measurement process pair
The feature vector of the covariance matrix of the extinction coefficient for the aerosol answered；σm(λi,rl) be molecule extinction coefficient；ωlFor numerical value
The coefficient of quadrature formula, ω in integrall=ln (rl+1-rl)；K is Ψk(λi) dimension；I, j, l are natural number.
Optionally, the Polynomical regressive equation are as follows:
Wherein, c00And ckmIt is the coefficient of Polynomical regressive equation；M is polynomial number；LnPM is particle concentration
Logarithm.
Optionally, the coefficient c of the Polynomical regressive equation00And ckmDetermination process, comprising:
Obtain multiple history particle concentration data, environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data and with it is each
The corresponding radar echo signal intensity of history particle concentration data；
According to the environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data of acquisition and with each history particle concentration number
According to corresponding radar echo signal intensity, pair of the extinction coefficient of aerosol corresponding with each history particle concentration data is determined
Number ln σa(λi,r)；
According to formula
Determine parameter h among particle concentration corresponding with each history particle concentration datak(r) and the delustring of aerosol
The feature vector Ψ of the covariance matrix of coefficientk(λi)；
By each history particle concentration data and the h corresponding with each history particle concentration data of determinationk(r) and Ψk
(λi) input formula
In, determine c00And ckm。
Optionally, described by the radar echo signal intensity, the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule
It inputs in preset discretization laser radar equation to calculate and obtains parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process, packet
It includes:
β is determined according to environment parameter when measuring by laser radar to gas particles objectπ,m(λi,rj) and σm(λi,
rl)；
Believed according to environment parameter when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object and each radar return of acquisition
Number intensity, the determining logarithm ln σ with the extinction coefficient of aerosola(λi, r), according to the ln σa(λi, r) and it determines
It will β corresponding with each radar echo signal intensityπ,m(λi,rj)、σm(λi,rl)、P(λi,rj)、rj、
Ψk(λi)、ωlInput formula
In, determine parameter h among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement processk(rj)。
A kind of gas particles object measuring device, comprising: measuring unit, the first factor determination unit, intermediate Parameters Calculation list
Member and concentration calculation unit,
It is strong to obtain radar echo signal for measuring by laser radar to gas particles object for the measuring unit
Degree；
First factor determination unit, for determining the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；
The intermediate Parameters Calculation unit, for by the extinction coefficient and molecule of the radar echo signal intensity, molecule
Backscattering coefficient input in preset discretization laser radar equation to calculate and obtain the corresponding particulate matter of this measurement process
Parameter among concentration；
The concentration calculation unit, for parameter input among the corresponding particle concentration of this described measurement process is pre-
If Polynomical regressive equation in, particle concentration is calculated, wherein the Polynomical regressive equation be particle concentration with
The Polynomical regressive equation of parameter among particle concentration.
Optionally, the preset discretization laser radar equation are as follows:
Wherein, P (λi,rj) it is to use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, apart from laser
Light source rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity；λiFor the wavelength of laser radar signal；rjLaser light source is arrived for sensing point
Distance；A(λi) it is instrumental constant；βπ,m(λi,rj) be molecule backscattering coefficient；gπ,a(λi) it is same detection
The ratio of the extinction coefficient of the backscattering coefficient and aerosol of the aerosol of point；For the extinction coefficient logarithm of molecule
Average value；hk(rj) it is parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；Ψk(λi) it is this measurement process pair
The feature vector of the covariance matrix of the extinction coefficient for the aerosol answered；σm(λi,rl) be molecule extinction coefficient；ωlFor numerical value
The coefficient of quadrature formula, ω in integrall=ln (rl+1-rl)；K is Ψk(λi) dimension；I, j, l are natural number.
Optionally, the Polynomical regressive equation are as follows:
Wherein, c00And ckmIt is the coefficient of Polynomical regressive equation；M is polynomial number；LnPM is particle concentration
Logarithm.
Optionally, described device further include: the second factor determination unit is for determine the Polynomical regressive equation
Number c00And ckm, second factor determination unit includes: that signal strength obtains subelement, coefficient logarithm determines subelement, feature
Vector determines subelement and coefficient computation subunit,
The signal strength obtains subelement, for obtaining multiple history particle concentration data and each history particulate matter
The corresponding environmental data of concentration data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data；
The coefficient logarithm determines subelement, for the environment corresponding with each history particle concentration data according to acquisition
Data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data, determining and each history particle concentration data
The logarithm ln σ of the extinction coefficient of corresponding aerosola(λi,r)；
Described eigenvector determines subelement, for according to formula
Determine parameter h among particle concentration corresponding with each history particle concentration datak(r) and the delustring of aerosol
The feature vector Ψ of the covariance matrix of coefficientk(λi)；
The coefficient computation subunit, for by the dense with each history particulate matter of each history particle concentration data and determination
Degree is according to corresponding hk(r) and Ψk(λi) input formula
In, determine c00And ckm。
Optionally, the intermediate Parameters Calculation unit include: coefficient determine subelement, aerosol logarithm determine subelement and
Intermediate Parameters Calculation subelement,
The coefficient determines subelement, for according to environment ginseng when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object
It measures and determines βπ,m(λi,rj) and σm(λi,rl)；
The aerosol logarithm determines subelement, when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object for basis
Environment parameter and each radar echo signal intensity of acquisition, the determining logarithm ln σ with the extinction coefficient of aerosola(λi, r), according to
The ln σa(λi, r) and it determines
The intermediate Parameters Calculation subelement, being used for will β corresponding with each radar echo signal intensityπ,m(λi,rj)、σm(λi,rl)、P(λi,rj)、rj、Ψk(λi)、ωlInput formula
In, determine parameter h among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement processk(rj)。
Gas particles object measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and device, can be by laser radar to gas particles
Object measures, and obtains radar echo signal intensity；Determine the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；It will be described
The backscattering coefficient of radar echo signal intensity, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule inputs preset discretization laser radar side
It is calculated in journey and obtains parameter among particle concentration；Parameter among the particle concentration is inputted into preset polynomial regression side
Particle concentration is calculated in Cheng Zhong.Since the present invention passes through preset discretization laser radar equation and preset multinomial
Regression equation obtains particle concentration, therefore the present invention only needs that a wide range of of particle concentration can be realized by laser radar
High-acruracy survey using the quantity of instrument when reducing measurement, saves cost without using PM measuring instrument.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention or method must be not necessarily required to reach all the above excellent simultaneously
Point.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of gas particles object measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of gas particles object measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Invention thinking of the invention is illustrated first below:
It is measured first with multi-wavelength laser radar, obtains the original signal for meeting laser radar equation；
Then laser radar equation is formed into echo-signal equation group apart from upper discretization；
Then the Aerosol Extinction that parameter turns to polynomial form is substituted into echo-signal equation group；
Assume later aerosol back scattering phase function be on detective path it is constant, echo-signal equation group is just at this time
It turns to over-determined systems (i.e. equation quantity is greater than unknown number quantity), on the available path of method using solution over-determined systems
Parametrization Aerosol Extinction and backscattering coefficient；
Finally, being simulated to obtain between PM value and the parameter of Aerosol Extinction using the optical model of aerosol
Relationship, the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 can be obtained by carrying out polynomial computation to parameter obtained in the previous step.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of gas particles object measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention characterized by comprising
S100, gas particles object is measured by laser radar, obtains radar echo signal intensity；
Wherein, the laser radar signal for multiple wavelength that step S100 can be issued by laser radar is respectively to gas
Grain object measures, and obtains the radar echo signal intensity of multiple sensing points.Wherein, radar echo signal intensity can pass through
P(λi,rj) indicate, P (λi,rj) use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, apart from laser light
Source rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity.
Describing multi-wavelength laser radar echo-signal in the case where scattering,single is approximate may be expressed as:
Formula 1:
Wherein, r is the distance between sensing point and laser light source；A is instrumental constant, with laser radar range of receiving and not
Co-wavelength λi(i=1,2 ..., Nλ) when it is related using the characteristic of optical device；σaAnd βπ,aRespectively the extinction coefficient of aerosol and
The backscattering coefficient of aerosol；σmAnd βπ,mThe respectively backscattering coefficient of the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule, σmAnd βπ,mIt can
Environment parameter when by being detected calculates.
In practical applications, to the mass concentration of more exact inversion PM10, can be used near-infrared long wave (1100~
2526nm) the laser radar detection of wave band.
The backscattering coefficient of S200, the extinction coefficient for determining molecule and molecule；
Wherein, the extinction coefficient of molecule can pass through σmIt indicates, the backscattering coefficient of molecule can pass through βπ,mIt indicates.
Wherein, σmIt can be determined according to environment parameter when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object.Specifically, environment is joined
Amount may include: temperature, humidity and air pressure etc..
Optionally, environment parameter when carrying out the measurement of gas particles object in preset time period in predeterminable area can be recognized
To be fixed, such as: environment parameter when certain air monitering o'clock carries out the measurement of gas particles object in ten minutes can consider
It is fixed.In this way, the present invention need to only determine once determining molecule corresponding with the predeterminable area in the preset time period
The backscattering coefficient of extinction coefficient and molecule.
Certainly, in order to further increase measurement accuracy, the present invention can also to each sensing point, use wavelength X every timei's
Environment parameter when laser radar signal measures all measures and determines the extinction coefficient and molecule of molecule according to measurement result
Backscattering coefficient.At this point, the extinction coefficient of molecule can pass through σm(λi,rl) indicate, the backscattering coefficient of molecule can be with
Pass through βπ,m(λi,rj) indicate.Wherein, (λi,rl) physical parameter that represents on the left of it is and P (λi,rj) corresponding physical parameter,
Such as: βπ,m(λi,rj) represent and P (λi,rj) corresponding molecule backscattering coefficient.
S300, the backscattering coefficient of the radar echo signal intensity, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule is inputted in advance
If discretization laser radar equation in calculate and obtain parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；
Optionally, the preset discretization laser radar equation can be with are as follows:
Wherein, P (λi,rj) it is to use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, arrive laser light
The distance in source is rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity；λiFor the wavelength of laser radar signal；rjFor sensing point to laser
The distance of light source；rlForA(λi) it is instrumental constant；βπ,m(λi,rj) be molecule backscattering coefficient；gπ,a(λi)
For the ratio of the extinction coefficient of the backscattering coefficient and aerosol of the aerosol of same sensing point；For disappearing for molecule
The average value of backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio logarithm；hk(rj) it is parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；Ψk(λi) it is this
The feature vector of the covariance matrix of the extinction coefficient of the corresponding aerosol of measurement process；σm(λi,rl) be molecule delustring system
Number；ωlFor the coefficient of quadrature formula in numerical integration, ωl=ln (rl+1-rl)；K is Ψk(λi) dimension；I, j, l are nature
Number.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned preset discretization laser radar equation is provided below:
Assuming that for each wavelength XiRadar echo signal have multiple sampled point P (λi,rj), every two neighbouring sample
Spacing between point is all equal, separation delta r=rj+1-rj(j=1 ..., Nr).In this case, formula 1 can become Nr*Nλ
A equation, this Nr*NλThere are three types of unknown quantitys for tool in each equation in a equation: A (λi)、σa(λi,rj) and βπ,a(λi,rj)。
Specifically, this Nr*NλN is shared in a equationr*NλA unknown quantity σa(λi,rj)、Nr*NλA unknown quantity βπ,a(λi,rj) and NλIt is a not
The amount of knowing A (λi), therefore this Nr*NλUnknown quantity (2N is shared in a equationr+1)*NλIt is a.Due to (2Nr+1)*NλGreater than Nr*Nλ, therefore
The number of unknown quantity is more than the number of equation, can not be solved to obtain these unknown quantitys according to the known quantity of other in equation.
The present invention can carry out some settings to reduce unknown quantity number, such as: assuming that aerosol back scattering phase function
gπ,a(λi)=βπ,a(λi)/σa(λi) it on path is constant, and assume Aerosol Extinction in detection wave-length coverage
It can be parameterized, consider possible large-scale σ in an atmospherea(λi) value, logarithmic parameters can be used in the present invention, have
Body form is as follows:
Wherein,For the average value of extinction coefficient logarithm, Ψk(λi) it is σa(λi) covariance matrix feature to
Amount, there is NλA component；K is basis vector ΨkDimension；hk(r) it is and σa(λi, r) and related parameter, it is denoted as in particle concentration
Between parameter.The statistical parameter of aerosol extinction spectrumΨk(λi) can be by σa(λi) carry out a large amount of random specks
The numerical value of reason parameter is calculated, parameter h only among particle concentrationkIt (r) is parameter undetermined.
Further, it is contemplated that above-mentioned it is assumed that again to above-mentioned Nr*NλA equation carries out the discrete available of wavelength and space
Equation group:
Equation group includes Nr*K+2NλA unknown quantity.Including NλA calibration constants A (λi)、NλA aerosol back scattering phase
Function gπ,a(λi) and NrK hk(rl)。hkIt is to σa(λi) orthogonal basis calculated, be linear independence, and
There is K < Nλ< < Nr.Due to carry out wavelength and space it is discrete after obtained equation quantity NrNλGreater than unknown quantity quantity NrK+
2Nλ, therefore equation group becomes over-determined systems, can solve h with the method for solution over-determined systemsk(rl)。
Wherein, the method for solving over-determined systems includes but is not limited to the mathematical methods such as Newton method, modified Newton method.
Based on this, step S300 can be specifically included:
β is determined according to environment parameter when measuring by laser radar to gas particles objectπ,m(λi,rj) and σm(λi,
rl)；
Believed according to environment parameter when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object and each radar return of acquisition
Number intensity, the determining logarithm ln σ with the extinction coefficient of aerosola(λi, r), according to the ln σa(λi, r) and it determines
It will β corresponding with each radar echo signal intensityπ,m(λi,rj)、σm(λi,rl)、P(λi,rj)、rj、
Ψk(λi)、ωlInput formula
In, determine parameter h among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement processk(rj)。
Wherein it is possible to using Slope Method, the Klett method of inversion or the Fernald method of inversion according to by laser radar to gas
Each radar echo signal intensity of environment parameter and acquisition when particulate matter measures determines ln σa(λi,r)。
S400, parameter among the particle concentration is inputted in preset Polynomical regressive equation, particle is calculated
Object concentration, wherein the Polynomical regressive equation is the polynomial regression side of parameter among particle concentration and particle concentration
Journey.
Optionally, the Polynomical regressive equation can be with are as follows:
Wherein, c00And ckmIt is the coefficient of Polynomical regressive equation；M is polynomial number；LnPM is particle concentration
Logarithm.Wherein, for different size of particulate matter, c00And ckmThere can be different values, such as: it is dense for calculating PM2.5
C when spending00And ckmValue with for c when calculating PM10 concentration00And ckmValue it is different.Wherein, above-mentioned polynomial regression
The value of M in equation can be set according to computational accuracy, when needing higher computational accuracy, can set M as a phase
To biggish numerical value, such as 3.When needing lower computational accuracy, M can be set as a relatively small numerical value, such as
1。
In other embodiments of the invention, the c in above-mentioned Polynomical regressive equation00And ckmIt can be pre-set
, certainly, c00And ckmIt can also be determined by user and its numerical value is set.
Optionally, the coefficient c of the Polynomical regressive equation00And ckmDetermination process, may include:
Obtain multiple history particle concentration data, environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data and with it is each
The corresponding radar echo signal intensity of history particle concentration data；
According to the environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data of acquisition and with each history particle concentration number
According to corresponding radar echo signal intensity, pair of the extinction coefficient of aerosol corresponding with each history particle concentration data is determined
Number ln σa(λi,r)；
According to formula
Determine parameter h among particle concentration corresponding with each history particle concentration datak(r) and the delustring of aerosol
The feature vector Ψ of the covariance matrix of coefficientk(λi)；
By each history particle concentration data and the h corresponding with each history particle concentration data of determinationk(r) and Ψk
(λi) input formula
In, determine c00And ckm。
Wherein, for different regions: can be by the history particle concentration data of this area and each history particle concentration
This is calculated in the corresponding environmental data of data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data
The coefficient c of the Polynomical regressive equation in area00And ckm, in this way, the Polynomical regressive equation in each area will more be bonded each department
The characteristics of, so that the accuracy for the particle concentration being calculated is higher.
Gas particles object measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention can carry out gas particles object by laser radar
Measurement obtains radar echo signal intensity；Determine the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；The radar is returned
The backscattering coefficient of wave signal strength, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule inputs preset discretization laser radar equation and falls into a trap
It calculates and obtains parameter among particle concentration；Parameter among the particle concentration is inputted in preset Polynomical regressive equation,
Particle concentration is calculated.Since the present invention passes through preset discretization laser radar equation and preset polynomial regression side
Journey obtains particle concentration, therefore the present invention only needs the measurement that particle concentration can be realized by laser radar, without making
With PM measuring instrument, using the quantity of instrument when reducing measurement, cost is saved.
Corresponding with above method embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of gas particles object measuring devices.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of gas particles object measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, may include: measuring unit
100, the first factor determination unit 200, intermediate Parameters Calculation unit 300 and concentration calculation unit 400,
The measuring unit 100 obtains radar echo signal for measuring by laser radar to gas particles object
Intensity；
Wherein, the laser radar signal for multiple wavelength that measuring unit 100 can be issued by laser radar is respectively to gas
Body particulate matter measures, and obtains the radar echo signal intensity of multiple sensing points.Wherein, radar echo signal intensity can be with
Pass through P (λi,rj) indicate, P (λi,rj) use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, distance swashs
Radiant rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity.
Describing multi-wavelength laser radar echo-signal in the case where scattering,single is approximate may be expressed as:
Formula 1:
Wherein, r is the distance between sensing point and laser light source；A is instrumental constant, with laser radar range of receiving and not
Co-wavelength λi(i=1,2 ..., Nλ) when it is related using the characteristic of optical device；σaAnd βπ,aRespectively the extinction coefficient of aerosol and
The backscattering coefficient of aerosol；σmAnd βπ,mThe respectively backscattering coefficient of the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule, σmAnd βπ,mIt can
Environment parameter when by being detected calculates.
In practical applications, to the mass concentration of more exact inversion PM10, can be used near-infrared long wave (1100~
2526nm) the laser radar detection of wave band.
First factor determination unit 200, for determining the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；
Wherein, the extinction coefficient of molecule can pass through σmIt indicates, the backscattering coefficient of molecule can pass through βπ,mIt indicates.
Wherein, σmIt can be determined according to environment parameter when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object.Specifically, environment is joined
Amount may include: temperature, humidity and air pressure etc..
Optionally, environment parameter when carrying out the measurement of gas particles object in preset time period in predeterminable area can be recognized
To be fixed, such as: environment parameter when certain air monitering o'clock carries out the measurement of gas particles object in ten minutes can consider
It is fixed.In this way, the present invention need to only determine once determining molecule corresponding with the predeterminable area in the preset time period
The backscattering coefficient of extinction coefficient and molecule.
Certainly, in order to further increase measurement accuracy, the present invention can also to each sensing point, use wavelength X every timei's
Environment parameter when laser radar signal measures all measures and determines the extinction coefficient and molecule of molecule according to measurement result
Backscattering coefficient.At this point, the extinction coefficient of molecule can pass through σm(λi,rl) indicate, the backscattering coefficient of molecule can be with
Pass through βπ,m(λi,rj) indicate.Wherein, (λi,rl) physical parameter that represents on the left of it is and P (λi,rj) corresponding physical parameter,
Such as: βπ,m(λi,rj) represent and P (λi,rj) corresponding molecule backscattering coefficient.
The intermediate Parameters Calculation unit 300, for by the extinction coefficient of the radar echo signal intensity, molecule and point
The backscattering coefficient of son, which inputs in preset discretization laser radar equation to calculate, obtains the corresponding particle of this measurement process
Parameter among object concentration；
Wherein, the preset discretization laser radar equation are as follows:
Wherein, P (λi,rj) it is to use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, apart from laser
Light source rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity；λiFor the wavelength of laser radar signal；rjLaser light source is arrived for sensing point
Distance；A(λi) it is instrumental constant；βπ,m(λi,rj) be molecule backscattering coefficient；gπ,a(λi) it is same detection
The ratio of the extinction coefficient of the backscattering coefficient and aerosol of the aerosol of point；For the extinction coefficient logarithm of molecule
Average value；hk(rj) it is parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；Ψk(λi) it is this measurement process pair
The feature vector of the covariance matrix of the extinction coefficient for the aerosol answered；σm(λi,rl) be molecule extinction coefficient；ωlFor numerical value
The coefficient of quadrature formula, ω in integrall=ln (rl+1-rl)；K is Ψk(λi) dimension；I, j, l are natural number.
Wherein, the intermediate Parameters Calculation unit 300 may include: that coefficient determines that subelement, aerosol logarithm determine son
Unit and intermediate Parameters Calculation subelement,
The coefficient determines subelement, for according to environment ginseng when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object
It measures and determines βπ,m(λi,rj) and σm(λi,rl)；
The aerosol logarithm determines subelement, when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object for basis
Environment parameter and each radar echo signal intensity of acquisition, the determining logarithm ln σ with the extinction coefficient of aerosola(λi, r), according to
The ln σa(λi, r) and it determines
The intermediate Parameters Calculation subelement, being used for will β corresponding with each radar echo signal intensityπ,m(λi,rj)、σm(λi,rl)、P(λi,rj)、rj、Ψk(λi)、ωlInput formula
In, determine parameter h among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement processk(rj)。
Wherein it is possible to using Slope Method, the Klett method of inversion or the Fernald method of inversion according to by laser radar to gas
Each radar echo signal intensity of environment parameter and acquisition when particulate matter measures determines ln σa(λi,r)。
The concentration calculation unit 400, for parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this described measurement process is defeated
Enter in preset Polynomical regressive equation, particle concentration is calculated, wherein the Polynomical regressive equation is that particulate matter is dense
The Polynomical regressive equation of degree and parameter among particle concentration.
Wherein, the Polynomical regressive equation are as follows:
Wherein, c00And ckmIt is the coefficient of Polynomical regressive equation；M is polynomial number；LnPM is particle concentration
Logarithm.
In other embodiments of the invention, the c in above-mentioned Polynomical regressive equation00And ckmIt can be pre-set
, certainly, c00And ckmIt can also be determined by user and its numerical value is set.
Optionally, Fig. 2 shown device can also include: the second factor determination unit, for determining the polynomial regression
The coefficient c of equation00And ckm, second factor determination unit includes: that signal strength obtains subelement, coefficient logarithm determines son
Unit, feature vector determine subelement and coefficient computation subunit,
The signal strength obtains subelement, for obtaining multiple history particle concentration data and each history particulate matter
The corresponding environmental data of concentration data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data；
The coefficient logarithm determines subelement, for the environment corresponding with each history particle concentration data according to acquisition
Data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data, determining and each history particle concentration data
The logarithm ln σ of the extinction coefficient of corresponding aerosola(λi,r)；
Described eigenvector determines subelement, for according to formula
Determine parameter h among particle concentration corresponding with each history particle concentration datak(r) and the delustring of aerosol
The feature vector Ψ of the covariance matrix of coefficientk(λi)；
The coefficient computation subunit, for by the dense with each history particulate matter of each history particle concentration data and determination
Degree is according to corresponding hk(r) and Ψk(λi) input formula
In, determine c00And ckm。
Wherein, for different regions: can be by the history particle concentration data of this area and each history particle concentration
This is calculated in the corresponding environmental data of data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data
The coefficient c of the Polynomical regressive equation in area00And ckm, in this way, the Polynomical regressive equation in each area will more be bonded each department
The characteristics of, so that the accuracy for the particle concentration being calculated is higher.
Gas particles object measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention can carry out gas particles object by laser radar
Measurement obtains radar echo signal intensity；Determine the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule；The radar is returned
The backscattering coefficient of wave signal strength, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule inputs preset discretization laser radar equation and falls into a trap
It calculates and obtains parameter among particle concentration；Parameter among the particle concentration is inputted in preset Polynomical regressive equation,
Particle concentration is calculated.Since the present invention passes through preset discretization laser radar equation and preset polynomial regression side
Journey obtains particle concentration, therefore the present invention only needs the measurement that particle concentration can be realized by laser radar, without making
With PM measuring instrument, using the quantity of instrument when reducing measurement, cost is saved.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
Each embodiment in this specification is all made of relevant mode and describes, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.Especially for system reality
For applying example, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to embodiment of the method
Part explanation.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of gas particles object measurement method measures gas particles object by laser radar to obtain radar return letter
Number intensity, and determine the extinction coefficient of molecule and the backscattering coefficient of molecule characterized by comprising
The backscattering coefficient of the radar echo signal intensity, the extinction coefficient of molecule and molecule is inputted into preset discretization
It is calculated in laser radar equation and obtains parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；
Parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this described measurement process is inputted in preset Polynomical regressive equation, is calculated
Obtain particle concentration, wherein the Polynomical regressive equation is the multinomial of parameter among particle concentration and particle concentration
Formula regression equation.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the preset discretization laser radar equation are as follows:
Wherein, P (λi,rj) it is to use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, apart from laser light source
rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity；λiFor the wavelength of laser radar signal；rjFor sensing point to laser light source away from
From；A(λi) it is instrumental constant；βπ,m(λi,rj) be molecule backscattering coefficient；gπ,a(λi) it is same sensing point
Aerosol backscattering coefficient and aerosol extinction coefficient ratio；For the extinction coefficient logarithm of molecule
Average value；hk(rj) it is parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；Ψk(λi) it is that this measurement process is corresponding
Aerosol extinction coefficient covariance matrix feature vector；σm(λi,rl) be molecule extinction coefficient；ωlFor numerical value product
The coefficient of quadrature formula, ω in pointl=ln (r)l+1-rl；K is Ψk(λi) dimension；I, j, l are natural number.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the Polynomical regressive equation are as follows:
Wherein, c00And ckmIt is the coefficient of Polynomical regressive equation；M is polynomial number；LnPM is pair of particle concentration
Number.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the coefficient c of the Polynomical regressive equation00And ckmDetermination
Process, comprising:
Obtain multiple history particle concentration data, environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data and with each history
The corresponding radar echo signal intensity of particle concentration data；
According to the environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data of acquisition and with each history particle concentration data pair
The radar echo signal intensity answered determines the logarithm ln of the extinction coefficient of aerosol corresponding with each history particle concentration data
σa(λi,r)；
According to formula
Determine parameter h among particle concentration corresponding with each history particle concentration datak(r) and the extinction coefficient of aerosol
Covariance matrix feature vector Ψk(λi)；
By each history particle concentration data and the h corresponding with each history particle concentration data of determinationk(r) and Ψk(λi) defeated
Enter formula
In, determine c00And ckm。
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described disappear the radar echo signal intensity, molecule
The backscattering coefficient of backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio and molecule, which inputs to calculate in preset discretization laser radar equation, obtains this measurement process
Parameter among corresponding particle concentration, comprising:
β is determined according to environment parameter when measuring by laser radar to gas particles objectπ,m(λi,rj) and σm(λi,rl)；
Each radar echo signal according to environment parameter and acquisition when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object is strong
Degree, the determining logarithm ln σ with the extinction coefficient of aerosola(λi, r), according to the ln σa(λi, r) and it determines
It will β corresponding with each radar echo signal intensityπ,m(λi,rj)、σm(λi,rl)、P(λi,rj)、rj、Ψk
(λi)、ωlInput formula
In, determine parameter h among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement processk(rj)。
6. a kind of gas particles object measuring device, measuring unit measures to obtain thunder gas particles object by laser radar
Up to echo signal intensity, and the extinction coefficient of molecule and the back scattering system of molecule are determined by the first factor determination unit
Number, which is characterized in that including intermediate Parameters Calculation unit and concentration calculation unit,
The intermediate Parameters Calculation unit, for will be after the extinction coefficient and molecule of the radar echo signal intensity, molecule
It inputs in preset discretization laser radar equation to calculate to scattering coefficient and obtains the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process
Intermediate parameter；
The concentration calculation unit, for parameter input among the corresponding particle concentration of this described measurement process is preset
In Polynomical regressive equation, particle concentration is calculated, wherein the Polynomical regressive equation is particle concentration and particle
The Polynomical regressive equation of parameter among object concentration.
7. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preset discretization laser radar equation are as follows:
Wherein, P (λi,rj) it is to use wavelength XiLaser radar signal when being measured to gas particles object, apart from laser light source
rjSensing point radar echo signal intensity；λiFor the wavelength of laser radar signal；rjFor sensing point to laser light source away from
From；A(λi) it is instrumental constant；βπ,m(λi,rj) be molecule backscattering coefficient；gπ,a(λi) it is same sensing point
Aerosol backscattering coefficient and aerosol extinction coefficient ratio；For the extinction coefficient logarithm of molecule
Average value；hk(rj) it is parameter among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement process；Ψk(λi) it is that this measurement process is corresponding
Aerosol extinction coefficient covariance matrix feature vector；σm(λi,rl) be molecule extinction coefficient；ωlFor numerical value product
The coefficient of quadrature formula, ω in pointl=ln (r)l+1-rl；K is Ψk(λi) dimension；I, j, l are natural number.
8. device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the Polynomical regressive equation are as follows:
Wherein, c00And ckmIt is the coefficient of Polynomical regressive equation；M is polynomial number；LnPM is pair of particle concentration
Number.
9. device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described device further include: the second factor determination unit is used for
Determine the coefficient c of the Polynomical regressive equation00And ckm, second factor determination unit includes: that signal strength obtains son list
Member, coefficient logarithm determine that subelement, feature vector determine subelement and coefficient computation subunit,
The signal strength obtains subelement, for obtaining multiple history particle concentration data and each history particle concentration
The corresponding environmental data of data and radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data；
The coefficient logarithm determines subelement, for the environmental data corresponding with each history particle concentration data according to acquisition
And radar echo signal intensity corresponding with each history particle concentration data, determination are corresponding with each history particle concentration data
Aerosol extinction coefficient logarithm ln σa(λi,r)；
Described eigenvector determines subelement, for according to formula
Determine parameter h among particle concentration corresponding with each history particle concentration datak(r) and the extinction coefficient of aerosol
Covariance matrix feature vector Ψk(λi)；
The coefficient computation subunit, for by each history particle concentration data and determination and each history particle concentration number
According to corresponding hk(r) and Ψk(λi) input formula
In, determine c00And ckm。
10. device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the intermediate Parameters Calculation unit includes: that coefficient determines son
Unit, aerosol logarithm determine subelement and intermediate Parameters Calculation subelement,
The coefficient determines subelement, for true according to environment parameter when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object
Determine βπ,m(λi,rj) and σm(λi,rl)；
The aerosol logarithm determines subelement, for according to environment when being measured by laser radar to gas particles object
Parameter and each radar echo signal intensity of acquisition, the determining logarithm ln σ with the extinction coefficient of aerosola(λi, r), according to described
lnσa(λi, r) and it determines
The intermediate Parameters Calculation subelement, being used for will β corresponding with each radar echo signal intensityπ,m(λi,rj)、σm(λi,rl)、P(λi,rj)、rj、Ψk(λi)、ωlInput formula
In, determine parameter h among the corresponding particle concentration of this measurement processk(rj)。
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| CN110006849B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2021-08-31 | 北京是卓科技有限公司 | Method and device for obtaining extinction coefficient of aerosol |
| CN110161532B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-03-23 | 浙江大学 | Method for inverting micro-physical characteristics of aerosol based on multi-wavelength laser radar |
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