CN107477644B - Solar heating system based on dissipation reduction optimization and control system thereof - Google Patents

Solar heating system based on dissipation reduction optimization and control system thereof Download PDF

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CN107477644B
CN107477644B CN201710743419.XA CN201710743419A CN107477644B CN 107477644 B CN107477644 B CN 107477644B CN 201710743419 A CN201710743419 A CN 201710743419A CN 107477644 B CN107477644 B CN 107477644B
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heat
temperature
mode
water tank
solar
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CN107477644A (en
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杨旭东
郭放
宿颖波
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Chifeng Heran Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Chifeng Heran Energy Saving Technology Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/005—Hot-water central heating systems combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F24D19/1042—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/02—Hot-water central heating systems with forced circulation, e.g. by pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar heating system based on dissipation reduction optimization and a control system thereof, wherein the solar heating system comprises: the solar energy heat collection system comprises a solar heat collector, a heat storage water tank, an indoor radiator, a heat collection circulating pump, a heat supply circulating pump, a connecting pipeline, a valve, a digital temperature sensor, a flowmeter, a frequency converter and a controller. Meanwhile, the passive heat storage system can maximally utilize the self passive heat storage characteristic of a building, effectively reduce the demand on the amount of heat storage, and effectively reduce the mixing loss in the heat storage water tank.

Description

Solar heating system based on dissipation reduction optimization and control system thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar heating system based on dissipation reduction optimization and a control system thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solar heating.
Background
As a natural pollution-free renewable energy source, the solar energy is used for building heating and heating, and huge energy-saving benefit and social benefit are brought. However, the time distribution of solar energy has a natural characteristic of instability and discontinuity, and solar energy resources are mainly concentrated in the time period with high solar radiation in the daytime, and the time period usually has the minimum building heating load; when the night building has a high heating heat demand, the supply of solar energy is zero. Generally, the solar photo-thermal heating system compensates mismatching between the energy supply and the demand by using the heat storage water tank, connects the heat storage water tank between the solar heat collection loop and the building heat supply loop as a buffer, stores solar energy to the heat storage water tank through heat collection circulation, and exchanges heat in the water tank to a heating terminal device in the building through heat supply circulation. From the analysis of the thermal principle, the heat storage water tank is actually an energy dissipation link, and the dissipation is realized through the heat loss that the heat storage water tank dispels the heat to the environment caused on one hand, and on the other hand, when the system heat collection side and the heat supply side return water got into the water tank, the energy grade loss that different temperature fluid mixes and cause. Therefore, the heat storage water tank is used for compensating the imbalance of energy supply and demand of the solar photo-thermal heating system, increasing the solar guarantee rate and the necessary cost of system utilization rate, and reducing the energy dissipation loss caused by using the heat storage water tank to the maximum extent.
Many solar heating systems have many problems in the aspects of system architecture, operation logic, control strategy and the like, so that a large amount of solar heat collection energy is lost in a heat storage water tank and cannot be effectively used for building heat supply. Common errors include: the heat is reversely transferred, namely the supplementary heat of the auxiliary heating device is reversely transferred into the heat storage water tank through heat supply circulation, so that the supplementary heat is dissipated to the environment through the heat storage water tank, the medium temperature of the heat storage water tank is improved, and the heat collection efficiency of the solar heat collector is reduced; and secondly, heat supplementing and storing are carried out simultaneously, when the temperature of a medium in the heat storage water tank does not meet the heat supply requirement, the heat storage water tank needs a preheating period, and the working medium in the water tank is heated through solar heat collection circulation to meet the heat supply condition. In the process, the system needs to supply heat by using the supplementary heat provided by the auxiliary heating device, and due to the dissipation of the solar energy in the heat storage water tank, the running mode actually reduces the solar heat which can be effectively used for heating, increases the demand of the system on the supplementary heat and reduces the solar energy guarantee rate of the system; invalid heat storage, namely under the condition that the solar energy irradiation is insufficient in a single day and the thermal inertia of the water tank is large, if the medium temperature in the water tank still does not meet the heat supply condition after the heating in the daytime, the solar heat collection amount in the daytime cannot be used for building heat supply in time, and the heat collection amount is lost to the environment through the water tank at night, so that the waste of a large amount of heat collection amount is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: the solar heating system and the control system thereof are optimized based on reduction of dissipation, and the system can effectively utilize the passive heat storage characteristic of the building to the maximum extent by taking the reduction of energy dissipation of the solar photo-thermal heating system as a starting point, effectively reduce the demand on the heat storage capacity of the water tank and effectively reduce the mixing loss in the water tank, thereby improving the economical efficiency and the energy efficiency of the system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical solution of the invention is as follows: a solar heating system optimized for reduced dissipation comprising: the system comprises a solar heat collector, a heat storage water tank, an indoor radiator, a controller, a heat collection circulating pump, a heat supply circulating pump, an auxiliary heating device, an electromagnetic valve, a plurality of temperature sensors, a flowmeter and a pipeline;
the outlet of heat storage water tank heat collection side is connected with the water inlet of the heat collection circulating pump on the water supply pipeline of the heat collector through the electromagnetic valve, each water inlet of the heat collection side is connected with each water outlet of the heat collector through the same section of pipeline, and on the pipeline shared by each interface of the section, along the height direction between the access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves, an electromagnetic valve is arranged, the outlet of heat storage water tank heat supply side is connected with the water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump on the water supply pipeline of the indoor heat radiator through the electromagnetic valve, each water inlet of the heat supply side is connected with the water outlet of the indoor heat radiator through the electromagnetic valve, and on the pipeline shared by each interface of the section, along the height direction between the access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves, an.
A bypass pipeline is arranged between a water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and a water return pipeline of the indoor radiator, and an electromagnetic valve is additionally arranged on the bypass pipeline
The controller can collect the water outlet temperature of the solar thermal collector, the temperature of each layer of the heat storage water tank, the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature, the water inlet temperature of the auxiliary heating device, the return water temperature of the indoor radiator, the starting and stopping states of the heat collection circulating pump and the starting and stopping states of the heat supply circulating pump, combines the temperature and the running state information of the water pump with the opening and closing state information of each electromagnetic valve stored in the controller, is used for judging the running mode of the current period of the system, and can switch the system to the running mode of the next period according to the heat supply requirement.
The heat storage water tank is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors at equal intervals along the height direction thereof so as to test different layered temperatures of heat storage media in the water tank, a plurality of interfaces are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction on two sides of the heat storage water tank, wherein one side interface is connected with a water inlet of a heat collection circulating pump and water outlets of the heat collectors, and the other side interface is connected with a water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and water outlets of indoor radiators;
among the interfaces of the heat collecting side of the water tank, the interface positioned at the bottommost part is used as a water outlet, and other interfaces are water inlets; among the interfaces on the heat supply side of the water tank, the interface positioned at the topmost part is used as a water outlet, and other interfaces are water inlets;
a water outlet at the heat collection side of the heat storage water tank is connected with a water inlet of a heat collection circulating pump on a water supply pipeline of the heat collector through an electromagnetic valve, each water inlet at the heat collection side is connected with a water outlet of each heat collector through the electromagnetic valve by using the same section of pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged between access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves along the height direction on the pipeline shared by each section of interfaces;
the water outlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank is connected with the water inlet of a heat supply circulating pump on a water supply pipeline of the indoor radiator through an electromagnetic valve, each water inlet of the heat supply side is connected with the water outlet of the indoor radiator through the electromagnetic valve by utilizing the same section of pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged between access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves along the height direction on the pipeline shared by each section of interfaces;
the water inlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the outlet of the heat collecting circulating pump through a connecting pipeline; the water outlet is respectively connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank and the water inlet of the auxiliary heating device through a connecting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve;
the water inlet of the indoor radiator is connected with the water outlet of the auxiliary heating device through a connecting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve; the water outlet is respectively connected with the water inlet of the heat collection circulating pump and the water inlets of the hot side of the heat storage water tank through a connecting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve;
a bypass pipeline is arranged between a water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and a water return pipeline of the indoor radiator, an electromagnetic valve is additionally arranged on the bypass pipeline, and when the electromagnetic valve on the bypass pipeline is opened and other electromagnetic valves connected with the water supply and return pipeline of the indoor radiator are closed, the heat supply circulating pump, the indoor radiator and the auxiliary heating device form a closed loop.
A control system for a solar heating system based on dissipation reduction optimization, capable of putting the system in different operating modes, comprising: the system comprises a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode, a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, a solar energy heat storage mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supplying mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supplying mode;
the system operates in a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode: the heat supply circulating pump stops running, the heat collection circulating pump drives the whole system to circulate, the solar heat collector, the auxiliary heating device and the indoor radiator are connected in series, the circulating working medium enters the auxiliary heating device after being heated by the solar heat collector, and the temperature is heated to a heat supply temperature set value Tsupply_setAnd then the solar energy enters an indoor radiator for heat dissipation and then returns to a solar heat collector for absorbing solar energy, and the circulation operation is carried out. When each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode:
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor space (including a solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode, a solar energy direct heat supply mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode), the indoor temperature T is measuredinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH；
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs greater than or equal to the setTemperature difference of hot start Δ Tc_startOr when the system is in a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode or a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the water outlet temperature T of the heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs greater than the heat collection stopping temperature difference delta Tc_stop；
Condition 3: temperature T of water entering the auxiliary heating devicesupplyIs less than the water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_set；
If and only if the three conditions are simultaneously met, if the system operates in a mode other than the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode in the current clock period, the controller switches the system to the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode to operate, and if the system operates in the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode in the current clock period, the next period maintains the system operation mode unchanged.
When the system is operating in solar direct heating mode: the heat supply circulating pump stops operating, the auxiliary heating device is closed, the heat collection circulating pump drives the whole system to circulate, the solar heat collector is connected with the indoor heat radiator in series, the circulating working medium enters the indoor heat radiator to dissipate heat after passing through the solar heat collector, and then returns to the solar heat collector to absorb solar energy, so that the circulating operation is realized. When each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a solar direct heating mode:
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor space (including a solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode, a solar energy direct heat supply mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode), the indoor temperature T is measuredinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH。
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnDifference value of (1) is more than or equal to heat collection starting temperature difference delta Tc_startOr when the system is in a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode or a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the water outlet temperature T of the heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs greater than the heat collection stopping temperature difference delta Tc_stop。
Condition 3: temperature T of water entering the auxiliary heating devicesupplyMore than or equal to the water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_set。
If and only if the above three conditions are simultaneously established, if the system is operated in a mode other than the solar direct heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the controller adjusts the system to the solar direct heat supply mode, and if the system is operated in the solar direct heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the next cycle maintains the system operation mode unchanged.
When the system operates in a solar heat storage mode, the heat collection circulating pump operates, the circulating pump on the heat supply side stops operating, and the auxiliary heating device stops operating; and circulating working medium at the bottom of the heat storage water tank enters the solar heat collector through the operation of the heat collection circulating pump to absorb heat, and returns to the heat storage water tank after the temperature rises, so that the circulating operation is performed in a circulating manner. When each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a solar heat storage mode:
condition 1: indoor temperature T not meeting indoor heat supply starting conditioninGreater than or equal to indoor temperature set upper limit value Tin_setHOr when the system is not in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor (including a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode, a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supplying mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supplying mode), the indoor temperature T is controlledinGreater than or equal to the lower limit value T set by the indoor temperaturein_setL。
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutTemperature T of lowest layer in heat storage water tanksnDifference value of (1) is more than or equal to heat collection starting temperature difference delta Tc_startOr when the system operates in the solar heat storage mode, the outlet water temperature T of the heat collectorcoutTemperature T of lowest layer in water tanksnIs greater than the heat collection stopping temperature difference delta Tc_stop。
And if and only if the two conditions are simultaneously met, the system operates in a mode other than the solar heat storage mode in the current clock period, the controller adjusts the system to operate in the solar heat storage mode, and if the system operates in the solar heat storage mode in the current clock period, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged.
When the system runs in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the heat collection circulating pump stops running, the auxiliary heating device stops running, and the heat supply circulating pump is started; the circulating working medium on the upper part of the heat storage water tank enters an indoor radiator to dissipate heat under the driving of a heat supply circulating pump, returns to the heat storage water tank after the temperature is reduced, and circularly operates in the way; when each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank.
Condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor space (including a solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode, a solar energy direct heat supply mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode), the indoor temperature T is measuredinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH。
Condition 2: the system is not in a solar direct heating mode or a solar supplementary heating mode, and does not meet the starting conditions of the two modes.
Condition 3: maximum stratification temperature T in water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setThe difference value is more than or equal to the heat supply starting temperature difference delta T of the water tanks_startOr when the system is in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the highest layering temperature T in the water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setIs greater than the temperature difference delta T between the water tank and the heat supply stops_stop。
And if and only if the three conditions are simultaneously met, if the system operates in a mode other than the heat storage water tank heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the controller adjusts the system to the heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode, and if the system operates in the heat storage water tank heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged.
When the system operates in the independent heating mode of the auxiliary heating device, the heat collection circulating pump stops operating, the auxiliary heating device is started, and the heat supply circulating pump is startedThe electromagnetic valve on the bypass pipeline between the water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and the water return pipeline of the indoor radiator is opened, the low-temperature return water of the indoor radiator enters the auxiliary heating device to be heated under the driving of the heat supply circulating pump, and the temperature is heated to a heat supply temperature set value Tsupply_setThen enters an indoor radiator, and the operation is circulated. When each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in an auxiliary heating device independent heating mode:
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor space (including a solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode, a solar energy direct heat supply mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode), the indoor temperature T is measuredinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH。
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs less than or equal to the heat collection stopping temperature difference Delta Tc_stopOr when the system is not in the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode or the solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the water outlet temperature T of the heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs less than the heat collection start temperature difference delta Tc_start。
Condition 3: maximum stratification temperature T in heat storage water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setDifference value of less than or equal to water tank heat supply stop temperature difference delta Ts_stopOr when the system is not in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the highest layering temperature T in the water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setIs less than the starting temperature difference delta T of the water tank for heat supplys_start。
And if and only if the three conditions are simultaneously met, if the system operates in a mode other than the auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode in the current clock period, the controller adjusts the system to the auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode, and if the system operates in the auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode in the current clock period, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged.
The system uses the temperature T of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,TsnAnd the temperature T of the outlet water of the solar heat collectorcoutAs the input signal of the controller, the sequence (V) of the electromagnetic valves connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank is controlledc1,Vc2,……,Vcn) And a solenoid valve sequence (V) on the bypass line between each two adjacent solenoid valve access points in the solenoid valve sequencecb1,Vcb2,……,Vcb(n-2)) The on-off of the solar water heater is controlled to control the outlet water of the solar heat collector to enter the water tank with the temperature closest to the inlet water temperature for layering, so that the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
When the system is operated in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the system uses the temperature (T) of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,Tsn) And return water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnAs the input signal of the controller, the electromagnetic valve sequence (V) connected with each water inlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank is controlledh1,Vh2,……,Vhn) And a solenoid valve sequence (V) between each two adjacent solenoid valve access points in the solenoid valve sequencehb1,Vhb2,……,Vhb(n-2)) The return water of the indoor radiator enters the water tank with the temperature closest to the return water entering temperature to be layered, and the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
The system also comprises a frequency converter, and the system can be used for regulating the outdoor temperature ToutdoorDynamically setting a target value T of the water supply temperature of the indoor radiator according to a temperature compensation algorithmsupply_setJudging whether the heating function of the auxiliary heating device is started or not according to the water outlet temperature set value of the auxiliary heating device; this setting is not effective when the system is in solar direct heating mode.
In the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode and the solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the heat collecting circulating pump drives a circulating working medium to circulate in the heat collector, the indoor radiator and a connecting pipeline between the heat collector and the indoor radiator; in the solar heat storage mode, a heat collection circulating pump drives a circulating working medium to circulate in a heat collector, a heat storage water tank and a connecting pipeline between the heat collector and the heat storage water tank; the system controls the frequency converter to adjust the rotating speed of the heat collection circulating pump through the controller, so that the requirements of the circulating pump on the lift and the flow under different working modes are met.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) based on the thought of the essence of the energy dissipation problem in the solar photo-thermal heating system, the invention creates a whole set of solar photo-thermal heating system and control system taking the reduction of energy dissipation as the optimization target, the system takes the maximum utilization of the passive heat storage capacity of the building and the reduction of the active heat storage demand as the starting point, avoids the common errors of ' reverse heat exchange ', ' simultaneous heat storage and heat supplement and ' ineffective heat storage ' of the solar photo-thermal heating system through the optimization design of the system form, the operation mode and the control strategy, can effectively reduce the mixing loss in the water tank, reduces the demand of the solar photo-thermal heating system on the heat storage capacity, and improves the solar energy guarantee rate and the economical efficiency of the system.
(2) The system collects the water outlet temperature of the solar thermal collector, the temperature of each layer of the heat storage water tank, the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature, the water inlet temperature of the auxiliary heating device, the return water temperature of the indoor radiator, the starting and stopping states of the heat collection circulating pump and the starting and stopping states of the heat supply circulating pump, transmits signals of the temperatures and the running state information of the water pump to the controller, is used for judging the current running mode of the system by combining the starting and stopping state information of each electromagnetic valve stored in the controller, calculates the next clock cycle running mode of the system, and reduces the demand of the solar thermal heating system on the heat storage amount to the maximum extent by mode switching
(3) The control system, namely the controller can set the heat collection starting temperature difference delta T of the water tankc_startTemperature difference delta T from heat collection stopc_stopAnd the control targets of avoiding the system from reversely exchanging heat through the heat collector and coordinating the supply and storage of the heat collection amount are realized by switching the system operation mode. Delta Tc_startAnd Δ Tc_stopCan be set or modified by a user through a human-machine interface of the controller and stored in an internal register of the controller.
(4) The inventionThe control system sets the temperature difference delta T of the heat supply starting of the water tanks_startTemperature difference delta T between water tank and heat supply stops_stopAnd the control targets of avoiding the heat quantity at the heat supply side from being reversely transferred to the water tank and coordinating the heat supply of the water tank are realized by switching the system operation mode. Delta Ts_startAnd Δ Ts_stopCan be set or modified by a user through a human-machine interface of the controller and stored in an internal register of the controller.
(5) When the system of the invention operates in a solar heat storage mode, the system uses the temperature (T) of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,Tsn) And the temperature T of the outlet water of the solar heat collectorcoutAs the input signal of the controller, the sequence (V) of the electromagnetic valves connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank is controlledc1,Vc2,……,Vcn) And a solenoid valve sequence (V) on the bypass line between each two adjacent solenoid valve access points in the solenoid valve sequencecb1,Vcb2,……,Vcb(n-2)) The on-off of the solar water heater is controlled to control the outlet water of the solar heat collector to enter the water tank with the temperature closest to the inlet water temperature for layering, so that the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
(6) When the system of the invention operates in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the system uses the temperature (T) of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,Tsn) And return water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnAs the input signal of the controller, the electromagnetic valve sequence (V) connected with each water inlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank is controlledh1,Vh2,……,Vhn) And a solenoid valve sequence (V) between each two adjacent solenoid valve access points in the solenoid valve sequencehb1,Vhb2,……,Vhb(n-2)) The return water of the indoor radiator enters the water tank with the temperature closest to the return water entering temperature to be layered, and the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
(7) In the system, under a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode and a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, a heat collecting circulating pump drives a circulating working medium to circulate in a heat collector, an indoor radiator and a connecting pipeline between the heat collector and the indoor radiator; in the solar heat storage mode, a heat collection circulating pump drives a circulating working medium to circulate in a heat collector, a heat storage water tank and a connecting pipeline between the heat collector and the heat storage water tank; the system controls the frequency converter to adjust the rotating speed of the heat collection circulating pump through the controller, so that the requirements of the circulating pump on the lift and the flow under different working modes are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The basic idea of the invention is as follows: there is provided a solar heating system optimized based on reduced dissipation comprising: the solar energy heat collection system comprises a solar heat collector, a heat storage water tank, an indoor radiator, a heat collection circulating pump, a heat supply circulating pump, a connecting pipeline, a valve, a digital temperature sensor, a flowmeter, a frequency converter and a controller. Meanwhile, the passive heat storage system can maximally utilize the self passive heat storage characteristic of a building, effectively reduce the demand on the amount of heat storage, and effectively reduce the mixing loss in the heat storage water tank.
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show in figure 1,
as shown in fig. 1 below, the solar photo-thermal heating system and the control system thereof according to the present embodiment include a solar thermal collector 1, a thermal storage water tank 2, an indoor radiator 3, a controller 4, a frequency converter 5, a thermal collection circulating pump 6, a heat supply circulating pump 7, an auxiliary heating device 8, and a thermal storage water tank thermal collection side water inlet electromagnetic valve (V)ci1，Vci2，……，Vci(n-1)) Electromagnetic valve V of water outlet at heat collection side of heat storage water tankcoBypass electromagnetic valve (V) of heat collection side water inlet pipeline of heat storage water tankcb1，Vcb2，……，Vcb(n-2)) And the heat supply side water inlet electromagnetic valve (V) of the heat storage water tankhi1，Vhi2，……，Vhi(n-1)) Electromagnetic valve V for water outlet at heat supply side of heat storage water tankhoAnd a bypass electromagnetic valve (V) of a water inlet pipeline at the heat supply side of the heat storage water tankhb1，Vhb2，……，Vhb(n-2)) Electromagnetic valve V of water supply pipeline in solar direct heat supply modesbpElectromagnetic valve V of water return pipeline in solar direct heat supply moderbpIndependent heat supply mode electromagnetic valve V of auxiliary heating devicehbpA plurality of temperature sensors, a flow meter, other valves and pipeline accessories.
A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the heat storage water tank 2 at equal intervals along the height direction so as to test the temperature of different layers of heat storage media in the water tank, and the total number n of the temperature sensors is more than or equal to 3.
A plurality of interfaces are arranged on the two sides of the heat storage water tank at equal intervals along the height direction; one side interface is connected with a water inlet of a heat collection circulating pump and water outlets of all heat collectors (hereinafter referred to as a heat collection side interface), and the other side interface is connected with a water inlet of a heat supply circulating pump and water outlets of indoor radiators (hereinafter referred to as a heat supply side interface); the total number of the interfaces is twice of the number of the temperature sensors in the water tank, and the distance from the axis of each interface to the bottom of the water tank is equal to the distance from the center point of the temperature sensor in the layer to the bottom of the water tank.
In all the interfaces of the heat collecting side of the water tank, the interface positioned at the bottommost part is taken as a water outlet, and other interfaces are taken as water inlets; and in the interfaces on the heat supply side of the water tank, the interface positioned at the topmost part is used as a water outlet, and other interfaces are used as water inlets.
The heat collection side water outlet of the heat storage water tank 2 passes through an electromagnetic valve VcoIs connected with the water inlet of a heat collecting circulating pump 6 on the water return pipeline of the solar heat collector 1, and the water inlet of the heat collecting side is connected with the water inlet of a heat collecting circulating pump 6 through an electromagnetic valve (V)ci1,Vci2,……,Vci(n-1)) The same section of pipeline is connected with each water outlet of the solar heat collector 1, and on the pipeline shared by each interface of the section of pipeline, along the height direction, between the access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves, an electromagnetic valve is arranged, and (n-2) electromagnetic valves are arranged in total, and the serial numbers are (V-2) in sequencecb1,Vcb2,……,Vcb(n-2))。
The heat supply side water outlet of the heat storage water tank 2 passes through an electromagnetic valveVhoConnected with the water inlet of a heat supply circulating pump 7 on the water supply pipeline of the indoor radiator 3, and the water inlet of the heat collection side is connected with the water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump 7 through an electromagnetic valve (V)hi1，Vhi2，……，Vhi(n-1)) The same section of pipeline is connected with a return water pipeline of the indoor radiator 3, and on the pipeline shared by all the joints of the section of pipeline, along the height direction, between the access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves, an electromagnetic valve is arranged, and (n-2) electromagnetic valves are arranged in total, and the serial numbers are sequentially (V)hb1,Vhb2,……,Vhb(n-2))。
The water inlet of the solar heat collector 1 is connected with the water outlet of the heat collecting circulating pump 6 through a connecting pipeline, and the water outlet is connected with the electromagnetic valve (V) through a connecting pipelineci1,Vci2,……,Vci(n-1))、VrbpIs respectively connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank and the water inlet of the auxiliary heating device.
The water inlet of the indoor radiator 3 passes through the connecting pipeline and the electromagnetic valve VhoIs connected with the water outlet of the auxiliary heating device 8; the water outlet is connected with the electromagnetic valve (V) through a connecting pipelinehi1,Vhi2,……,Vhi(n-1))、VsbpAre respectively connected with each water inlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank and the water inlet of the heat collection circulating pump.
The controller 4 collects the outlet water temperature T of the solar heat collector 1coutAnd each layered temperature (T) of the heat storage water tank 2s1,Ts2,……,Tsn) Indoor temperature TinOutdoor temperature ToutThe water inlet temperature T of the auxiliary heating device 8supplyAnd 3 return water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnStarting and stopping state S of heat collection circulating pump 6pcOn-off state S of heat supply circulating pump 7psAnd transmitting signals of the temperature and the water pump running state information are input into the controller 4, and the signals are combined with the opening and closing state information of the electromagnetic valves stored in the controller 4 to judge the current running mode of the system and calculate the running mode of the system in the next clock cycle.
In the present embodiment: the temperature sensors adopt DS18B20 temperature measurement sensors, each temperature measurement sensor directly outputs a digital signal, the digital signal is transmitted to the controller 4 through an RS485 bus, and the temperature value is stored in an internal register of the controller 4.
In the present embodiment: when the heat collecting circulation pump 6 is in an operation state, S pc1, otherwise Spc0; when the heating circulation pump 7 is in operation, S ps1, whereas Sps0. The circulation pump operation state value is registered in an internal register of the controller 4.
In the present embodiment: the system judges S through the measured values of the flow meters 9 and 10pcAnd SpsThe state value of (2).
The control system sets the upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setHAnd lower limit value T of indoor temperaturein_setLTo switch the system operation mode to control the indoor temperature TinA control target that fluctuates within its upper and lower limit values. T isin_setHAnd Tin_setLCan be set or modified by the user through the controller human machine interface and stored in an internal register of the controller 4.
The control system starts temperature difference delta T by setting heat collectionc_startTemperature difference delta T from heat collection stopc_stopAnd the control targets of avoiding the system from reversely exchanging heat through the solar heat collector 1 and coordinating the supply and storage of the collected heat are realized by switching the system operation mode. Delta Tc_startAnd Δ Tc_stopCan be set or modified by the user through the controller human machine interface and stored in an internal register of the controller 4.
The control system is provided with a water tank heat supply starting temperature difference delta Ts_startTemperature difference delta T between water tank and heat supply stops_stopAnd the control targets of avoiding the reverse transmission of the heat quantity of the user side to the heat storage water tank 4 and coordinating the heat supply of the water tank are realized by switching the system operation mode. Delta Ts_startAnd Δ Ts_stopCan be set or modified by the user through the controller human machine interface and stored in an internal register of the controller 4.
The system has five operation MODEs, the controller 4 records the operation MODEs of the system by using a variable MODE, and the operation MODEs and the corresponding MODE values of the system are respectively as follows: the solar energy heat supplementing and supplying MODE is 1, the solar energy direct heat supplying MODE is 2, the solar energy heat storage MODE is 3, the heat storage water tank direct heat supplying MODE is 4, the auxiliary heating device independent heat supplying MODE is 5. When the system stops operating, MODE is 0.
When the system is operating in solar supplementary heating MODE (MODE ═ 1): the heat supply circulating pump 7 stops running, the heat collection circulating pump 6 runs, the heat collection circulating pump 6 drives the whole system to circulate, the solar heat collector 1, the auxiliary heating device 8 and the indoor radiator 3 are connected in series, the circulating working medium enters the auxiliary heating device 8 after being heated by the solar heat collector 1, and the temperature is heated to a heat supply temperature set value Tsupply_setAnd then enters the indoor radiator 3 to dissipate heat and then returns to the solar heat collector 1 to absorb solar energy, and the operation is circulated. When each input signal of the controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode.
Condition 1:
Figure BDA0001389614080000131
condition 2:
(TcoutTreturnΔTc_start) ((TcoutTin_setHΔTc_stop) ((MODE＝1) (MODE＝2)))；
condition 3: t issupplyTsupply_set；
If and only if the above three conditions are simultaneously established, the controller 4 switches the system to the solar supplementary heating mode operation (if the system is operated in the solar supplementary heating mode in the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged).
When the system is operating in solar direct heating MODE (MODE ═ 2): the heat supply circulating pump 7 stops running, the auxiliary heating device 8 is closed, the heat collection circulating pump 6 runs, the heat collection circulating pump 6 drives the whole system to circulate, the solar heat collector 1 is connected with the indoor heat radiator 3 in series, circulating working media enter the indoor heat radiator to dissipate heat 3 after passing through the solar heat collector 1, and then return to the solar heat collector 1 to absorb solar energy, so that the circulating operation is realized. When the input signals of the controller 4 satisfy the following conditions, the system is operated in the solar direct heating mode.
Condition 1:
Figure BDA0001389614080000141
condition 2:
(TcoutTreturnΔTc_start) ((TcoutTin_setHΔTc_stop) ((MODE＝1) (MODE＝2)))；
condition 3: t issupplyTsupply_set；
If and only if the above three conditions are simultaneously established, the controller 4 adjusts the system to the solar direct heating mode (if the system is operated in the solar direct heating mode at the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged).
When the system is in a solar heat storage MODE (MODE is 3), the heat collection circulating pump 6 operates, the heat supply side circulating pump 7 stops operating, and the auxiliary heating device 8 stops operating; the circulating working medium at the bottom of the heat storage water tank 2 enters the solar heat collector 1 to absorb heat through the operation of the heat collection circulating pump 6, and returns to the bottom of the heat storage water tank 2 after the temperature rises, so that the circulating operation is realized. When each input signal of the controller 4 meets the following conditions, the system runs in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank:
condition 1: (T)inTin_setH) ((TinTin_setL) ((MODE＝0) (MODE＝3)))；
Condition 2: (T)coutTsnΔTc_start) ((TcoutTsnΔTc_stop) (MODE＝3))；
If and only if both of the above conditions are simultaneously established, the controller 4 adjusts the system to operate in the solar thermal storage mode (if the system is operating in the solar thermal storage mode at the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained).
When the system runs in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the heat collection circulating pump 6 stops running, the auxiliary heating device stops running, and the heat supply circulating pump 7 is started; circulating working media on the upper part of the heat storage water tank 2 enter the indoor radiator 3 for heat dissipation through the operation of the heat supply circulating pump 6, return to the bottom of the heat storage water tank 2 after the temperature is reduced, and circularly operate in the way; when each input signal of the system controller 4 meets the following condition, the system operates in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank.
Condition 1:
Figure BDA0001389614080000151
condition 2:
Figure BDA0001389614080000152
condition 3: (T)s1TreturnΔTs_start) ((Ts1TreturnΔTs_stop) (MODE＝4))；
If and only if the above three conditions are simultaneously established, the controller 4 adjusts the system to the direct heat supply mode operation of the hot water storage tank (if the system operates in the hot water storage tank heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged).
When the system operates in the MODE of independent heat supply of the auxiliary heating device (MODE 5), the heat collection circulating pump 6 stops operating, the auxiliary heating device 8 is started, the heat supply circulating pump 7 is started, and the electromagnetic valve V is positioned on the bypass pipeline between the water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump 7 and the water return pipeline of the indoor radiator 3hbpOpening, the low-temperature backwater of the indoor radiator 3 enters the auxiliary heating device 8 for heating through the operation of the heat supply circulating pump 6, and the temperature is heated to the heat supply temperature set value Tsupply_setAnd then enters the indoor radiator 3, and the operation is circulated. When the input signals of the system controller 4 meet the following conditions, the system operates in the auxiliary heating device independent heating mode:
condition 1:
Figure BDA0001389614080000153
condition 2:
Figure BDA0001389614080000156
condition 3:
Figure BDA0001389614080000155
if and only if the above three conditions are simultaneously established, the controller 4 adjusts the system to the auxiliary heating apparatus individual heating mode (if the system is operated in the auxiliary heating apparatus individual heating mode at the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged).
When the system is operated in the solar heat storage mode, the system stores the temperatures (T) of the respective layers in the heat storage water tank 2s1,Ts2,……,Tsn) And the temperature T of the outlet water of the solar heat collector 1coutAs the input signal of the controller 4, the electromagnetic valve sequence (V) connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank 2 is controlledci1,Vci2,……,Vci(n-1)) And solenoid valve sequence (V) on the bypass line between each two adjacent solenoid valve access pointscb1,Vcb2,……,Vcb(n-2)) The temperature of the outlet water entering medium of the solar heat collector 1 is controlled to be layered with the closest water tank, and the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
Specifically, if the ith stratification temperature T counted from top to bottom in the height direction in the hot water storage tank 2siSatisfies the following conditions:
|Tsi-Tcout|＝min(|Ts1-Tcout|，|Ts2-Tcout|，……|Tsn-Tco
then the electromagnetic valve sequence (V) is openedci1,Vci2,……,Vci(n-1)) Electromagnetic valve V inciiClosing the other solenoid valves in the sequence, opening the solenoid valves in the sequence (V)cb1,Vcb2,……,Vcb(n-2)) Electromagnetic valve V incb1To VcbiThe other solenoid valves in the sequence are closed.
When the system is operated in the heat storage water tank heat supply mode, the system uses the temperature (T) of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,Tsn) And 3 return water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnAs the input signal of the controller, the electromagnetic valve sequence (V) connected with each water inlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank 2 is controlledhi1,Vhi2,……,Vhi(n-1)) And solenoid valve sequence (V) on the bypass line between each two adjacent solenoid valve access pointshb2,Vcb3,……,Vcb(n-2)) The temperature of the return water entering the indoor radiator 3 is layered with the nearest water tank, and the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
Specifically, if the ith stratification temperature T counted from top to bottom along the height direction in the water tanksiSatisfies the following conditions:
|Tsi-Treturn|＝min(|Ts1-Treturn|，|Ts2-Treturn|，……|Tsn-Tretu
then the electromagnetic valve sequence (V) is openedhi1,Vhi2,……,Vhi(n-1)) Electromagnetic valve V inhiiClosing the other solenoid valves in the sequence, opening the solenoid valves in the sequence (V)hb2,Vcb3,……,Vcb(n-2)) Electromagnetic valve V inhb1To VhbiThe other solenoid valves in the sequence are closed.
The invention has not been described in detail and is within the skill of the art.

Claims (7)

1. A solar heating system based on reduced dissipation optimization, comprising: the system comprises a solar heat collector, a heat storage water tank, an indoor radiator, a controller, a heat collection circulating pump, a heat supply circulating pump, an auxiliary heating device, an electromagnetic valve, a plurality of temperature sensors, a flowmeter and a pipeline;
the water outlet of the heat collection side of the heat storage water tank is connected with the water inlet of a heat collection circulating pump on a water supply pipeline of the heat collector through an electromagnetic valve, each water inlet of the heat collection side is connected with the water outlet of each heat collector through the same section of pipeline, and on the pipeline shared by each interface of the section of pipeline, an electromagnetic valve is arranged between the access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves along the height direction;
a bypass pipeline is arranged between a water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and a water return pipeline of the indoor radiator, and an electromagnetic valve is additionally arranged on the bypass pipeline
The controller can gather solar collector's leaving water temperature, the temperature of each layering of heat storage water tank, indoor temperature, outdoor temperature, auxiliary heating device income water temperature, indoor radiator return water temperature, the thermal-arrest circulating pump opens and stops the state, the heat supply circulating pump opens and stops the state, and with above-mentioned each temperature and water pump running state information, combine each solenoid valve switching status information that the controller was internal stored, a running mode for judging the current cycle of system, and can switch the system to the running mode of next cycle according to the heat supply demand, its characterized in that: the heat storage water tank is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors at equal intervals along the height direction thereof so as to test different layered temperatures of heat storage media in the water tank, a plurality of interfaces are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction on two sides of the heat storage water tank, wherein one side interface is connected with a water inlet of a heat collection circulating pump and water outlets of the heat collectors, and the other side interface is connected with a water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and water outlets of indoor radiators;
among the interfaces of the heat collecting side of the water tank, the interface positioned at the bottommost part is used as a water outlet, and other interfaces are water inlets; among the interfaces on the heat supply side of the water tank, the interface positioned at the topmost part is used as a water outlet, and other interfaces are water inlets;
a water outlet at the heat collection side of the heat storage water tank is connected with a water inlet of a heat collection circulating pump on a water supply pipeline of the heat collector through an electromagnetic valve, each water inlet at the heat collection side is connected with a water outlet of each heat collector through the electromagnetic valve by using the same section of pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged between access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves along the height direction on the pipeline shared by each section of interfaces;
the water outlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank is connected with the water inlet of a heat supply circulating pump on a water supply pipeline of the indoor radiator through an electromagnetic valve, each water inlet of the heat supply side is connected with the water outlet of the indoor radiator through the electromagnetic valve by utilizing the same section of pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged between access points of every two adjacent electromagnetic valves along the height direction on the pipeline shared by each section of interfaces;
the water inlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the outlet of the heat collecting circulating pump through a connecting pipeline; the water outlet is respectively connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank and the water inlet of the auxiliary heating device through a connecting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve;
the water inlet of the indoor radiator is connected with the water outlet of the auxiliary heating device through a connecting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve; the water outlet is respectively connected with the water inlet of the heat collection circulating pump and the water inlets of the hot side of the heat storage water tank through a connecting pipeline and an electromagnetic valve;
a bypass pipeline is arranged between a water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and a water return pipeline of the indoor radiator, an electromagnetic valve is additionally arranged on the bypass pipeline, and when the electromagnetic valve on the bypass pipeline is opened and other electromagnetic valves connected with the water supply and return pipeline of the indoor radiator are closed, the heat supply circulating pump, the indoor radiator and the auxiliary heating device form a closed loop;
the method is characterized in that: the system can be put into different operation modes, including: a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode, a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, a solar energy heat storage mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supplying mode and an auxiliary heating device independent heat supplying mode,
the system operates in a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode: the heat supply circulating pump stops running, the heat collection circulating pump drives the whole system to circulate, the solar heat collector, the auxiliary heating device and the indoor radiator are connected in series, the circulating working medium enters the auxiliary heating device after being heated by the solar heat collector, and the temperature is heated to a heat supply temperature set value Tsupply_setAnd then the solar energy enters an indoor radiator for heat dissipation and returns to the solar heat collector for absorbing the solar energy, the system operates in a solar heat compensation and supply mode when each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions:
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor space, including a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode and a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying modeDirect heat supply mode, heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode, auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode and indoor temperature TinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH；
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnDifference value of (1) is more than or equal to heat collection starting temperature difference delta Tc_startOr when the system is in a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode or a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the water outlet temperature T of the heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs greater than the heat collection stopping temperature difference delta Tc_stop；
Condition 3: temperature T of water entering the auxiliary heating devicesupplyIs less than the water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_set；
If and only if the three conditions are simultaneously met, if the system operates in a mode other than the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode in the current clock period, the controller switches the system to the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode to operate, and if the system operates in the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode in the current clock period, the next period maintains the system operation mode unchanged.
2. The control system of the solar heating system based on the optimization of reducing dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: when the system is operating in solar direct heating mode: the heat supply circulating pump shutdown, auxiliary heating device closes, drives the entire system circulation by the thermal-arrest circulating pump, and solar collector and indoor radiator series connection get into the heat dissipation of indoor radiator behind the cycle working medium passes through solar collector, later get back to solar collector absorption solar energy again, so circulation operation, when each input signal of system controller satisfies following condition, the system is with the operation of solar energy direct heat supply mode:
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in a mode of supplying heat to the indoor space, the mode comprises a solar energy heat supplementing and supplying mode, a solar energy direct heat supplying mode and a heat storage water tank direct heat supplying modeMode, auxiliary heating device individual heating mode, indoor temperature TinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH；
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnDifference value of (1) is more than or equal to heat collection starting temperature difference delta Tc_startOr when the system is in a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode or a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the water outlet temperature T of the heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs greater than the heat collection stopping temperature difference delta Tc_stop；
Condition 3: temperature T of water entering the auxiliary heating devicesupplyMore than or equal to the water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_set；
If and only if the above three conditions are simultaneously established, if the system is operated in a mode other than the solar direct heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the controller adjusts the system to the solar direct heat supply mode, and if the system is operated in the solar direct heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the next cycle maintains the system operation mode unchanged.
3. The control system of the solar heating system based on the optimization of reducing dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: when the system operates in a solar heat storage mode, the heat collection circulating pump operates, the circulating pump on the heat supply side stops operating, and the auxiliary heating device stops operating; circulating working media at the bottom of the heat storage water tank enter a solar heat collector through the operation of a heat collection circulating pump to absorb heat, and return to the heat storage water tank after the temperature rises, so that the circulating operation is performed in a circulating manner; when each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a solar heat storage mode:
condition 1: indoor temperature T not meeting indoor heat supply starting conditioninGreater than or equal to indoor temperature set upper limit value Tin_setHOr when the system is not in the mode of supplying heat to the indoor, the system comprises a solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode, a solar energy direct heat supplying mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supplying mode, an auxiliary heating device independent heat supplying mode and an indoor temperature TinGreater than or equal to chamberInner temperature set lower limit value Tin_setL；
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutTemperature T of lowest layer in heat storage water tanksnDifference value of (1) is more than or equal to heat collection starting temperature difference delta Tc_startOr when the system operates in the solar heat storage mode, the outlet water temperature T of the heat collectorcoutTemperature T of lowest layer in water tanksnIs greater than the heat collection stopping temperature difference delta Tc_stop；
And if and only if the two conditions are simultaneously met, the system operates in a mode other than the solar heat storage mode in the current clock period, the controller adjusts the system to operate in the solar heat storage mode, and if the system operates in the solar heat storage mode in the current clock period, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged.
4. The control system of the solar heating system based on the optimization of reducing dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: when the system runs in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the heat collection circulating pump stops running, the auxiliary heating device stops running, and the heat supply circulating pump is started; the circulating working medium on the upper part of the heat storage water tank enters an indoor radiator to dissipate heat under the driving of a heat supply circulating pump, returns to the heat storage water tank after the temperature is reduced, and circularly operates in the way; when each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in a direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank;
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in an indoor heat supply mode, the system comprises a solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode, a solar energy direct heat supply mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode, an auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode and an indoor temperature TinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH；
Condition 2: the system is not in a solar direct heating mode or a solar heat supplementing heating mode and does not meet the starting conditions of the two modes;
condition 3: maximum stratification temperature T in water tanks1The water supply temperature of the indoor radiator at the momentConstant value Tsupply_setThe difference value is more than or equal to the heat supply starting temperature difference delta T of the water tanks_startOr when the system is in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the highest layering temperature T in the water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setIs greater than the temperature difference delta T between the water tank and the heat supply stops_stop；
And if and only if the three conditions are simultaneously met, if the system operates in a mode other than the heat storage water tank heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the controller adjusts the system to the heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode, and if the system operates in the heat storage water tank heat supply mode in the current clock cycle, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged.
5. The control system of the solar heating system based on the optimization of reducing dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: when the system operates in the independent heat supply mode of the auxiliary heating device, the heat collection circulating pump stops operating, the auxiliary heating device is started, the heat supply circulating pump is started, the electromagnetic valve on the bypass pipeline between the water inlet of the heat supply circulating pump and the water return pipeline of the indoor radiator is opened, the low-temperature return water of the indoor radiator enters the auxiliary heating device to be heated under the driving of the heat supply circulating pump, and the temperature is heated to the heat supply temperature set value Tsupply_setThen enters an indoor radiator, and the operation is circulated; when each input signal of the system controller meets the following conditions, the system operates in an auxiliary heating device independent heating mode:
condition 1: satisfies the indoor heat supply starting condition-indoor temperature TinLess than indoor temperature set lower limit value Tin_setLOr when the system is in an indoor heat supply mode, the system comprises a solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode, a solar energy direct heat supply mode, a heat storage water tank direct heat supply mode, an auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode and an indoor temperature TinLower than the set upper limit value T of the indoor temperaturein_setH；
Condition 2: water outlet temperature T of heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs less than or equal to the heat collection stopping temperature difference Delta Tc_stopOr when the system is not inWhen the solar energy heat supplementing heat supply mode or the solar energy direct heat supply mode operates, the water outlet temperature T of the heat collectorcoutReturn water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnIs less than the heat collection start temperature difference delta Tc_start；
Condition 3: maximum stratification temperature T in heat storage water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setDifference value of less than or equal to water tank heat supply stop temperature difference delta Ts_stopOr when the system is not in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the highest layering temperature T in the water tanks1The water supply temperature set value T of the indoor radiator at the momentsupply_setIs less than the starting temperature difference delta T of the water tank for heat supplys_start；
And if and only if the three conditions are simultaneously met, if the system operates in a mode other than the auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode in the current clock period, the controller adjusts the system to the auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode, and if the system operates in the auxiliary heating device independent heat supply mode in the current clock period, the system operation mode is maintained unchanged.
6. The control system of the solar heating system based on the optimization of reducing dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: the system uses the temperature T of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,TsnAnd the temperature T of the outlet water of the solar heat collectorcoutAs the input signal of the controller, the sequence V of the electromagnetic valves connected with each water inlet of the heat collecting side of the heat storage water tank is controlledc1,Vc2,……,VcnAnd a solenoid valve sequence V on a bypass pipeline between every two adjacent solenoid valve access points in the solenoid valve sequencecb1,Vcb2,……,Vcb(n-2)The on-off of the solar water heater is controlled to control the outlet water of the solar heat collector to enter the water tank layer with the temperature closest to the inlet water temperature of the solar heat collector so as to reduce the mixing loss in the water tank;
when the system runs in the direct heat supply mode of the heat storage water tank, the system uses the temperature T of each layer in the water tanks1,Ts2,……,TsnAnd return water temperature T of indoor radiatorreturnAs input signal for controllerAnd a solenoid valve sequence V connected with each water inlet of the heat supply side of the heat storage water tank is controlledh1,Vh2,……,VhnAnd the electromagnetic valve sequence V between every two adjacent electromagnetic valve access points in the electromagnetic valve sequencehb1,Vhb2,……,Vhb(n-2)The return water of the indoor radiator enters the water tank with the temperature closest to the return water entering temperature to be layered, and the mixing loss in the water tank is reduced.
7. The control system of the solar heating system based on the optimization of reducing dissipation according to claim 1, wherein: the system also comprises a frequency converter, and the system can be used for regulating the outdoor temperature ToutdoorDynamically setting a target value T of the water supply temperature of the indoor radiator according to a temperature compensation algorithmsupply_setJudging whether the heating function of the auxiliary heating device is started or not according to the water outlet temperature set value of the auxiliary heating device; when the system is in a solar direct heating mode, the set value is not effective;
in the solar energy heat supplementing and heat supplying mode and the solar energy direct heat supplying mode, the heat collecting circulating pump drives a circulating working medium to circulate in the heat collector, the indoor radiator and a connecting pipeline between the heat collector and the indoor radiator; in the solar heat storage mode, a heat collection circulating pump drives a circulating working medium to circulate in a heat collector, a heat storage water tank and a connecting pipeline between the heat collector and the heat storage water tank; the system controls the frequency converter to adjust the rotating speed of the heat collection circulating pump through the controller, so that the requirements of the circulating pump on the lift and the flow under different working modes are met.
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