CN107476776B - Temporary plugging agent plugging performance experimental method for fracturing - Google Patents

Temporary plugging agent plugging performance experimental method for fracturing Download PDF

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CN107476776B
CN107476776B CN201710602343.9A CN201710602343A CN107476776B CN 107476776 B CN107476776 B CN 107476776B CN 201710602343 A CN201710602343 A CN 201710602343A CN 107476776 B CN107476776 B CN 107476776B
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agent
temporary plugging
mass concentration
plugging agent
fracturing
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CN107476776A (en
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何衡
慕立俊
赵振峰
李宪文
陆红军
卜向前
李建山
吕宝强
常笃
康博
李建辉
杨立安
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells

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  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a plugging performance experimental method of a temporary plugging agent for fracturing, which can be used for testing the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing with different types and different particle sizes in a laboratory. According to the method, a crack module is selected according to the particle size of the temporary plugging agent, the pressure change condition of the temporary plugging agent after entering the crack module is observed, a temporary plugging agent plugging performance chart for fracturing is drawn, plugging performances of the temporary plugging agent and propping agent with different concentrations can be known according to the chart, and certain reference significance is provided for designing the dosage and the adding time of the temporary plugging agent when a fracturing engineering scheme is carried out on fracturing technicians.

Description

Temporary plugging agent plugging performance experimental method for fracturing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield fracturing, and particularly relates to a plugging performance experiment method of a temporary plugging agent for fracturing.
Background
The long-day oil field belongs to a low-permeability oil reservoir, in order to improve the recovery ratio, a vast majority of oil wells are subjected to fracturing transformation, and along with the increase of the development years and measures of the oil wells, the production potential of artificial cracks of crude oil of old wells is smaller and smaller, and the single repeated fracturing technology with large scale and the like can not meet the development needs of oil field development, yield increase and oil stabilization. At the same time, due to the water injection development of low permeability reservoirs, conventional repeated fracturing measures for extending old fractures can increase the risk of water breakthrough in oil wells. In order to use the lateral residual oil and reduce the risk of water breakthrough of the oil well, a temporary plugging agent is needed to be added during repeated fracturing, the temporary plugging agent is manually added while the original fracture is opened, the static pressure in the fracture is forced to rise, the lateral micro-fracture is opened, and the purposes of communicating the lateral residual oil, expanding the transformation range of the reservoir and improving the single well recovery ratio are achieved. The temporary plugging agent is a key material for influencing the repeated transformation effect of repeated fracturing wells in long-term oil fields every year, and is widely used at present and can be divided into oil-soluble temporary plugging agents, water-soluble temporary plugging agents and particle temporary plugging agents according to temporary plugging and plugging removing methods thereof.
The performance evaluation of the temporary plugging agent in the laboratory at present mainly comprises the evaluation of water-soluble dispersibility, dissolution rate and particle size. And (3) evaluating the water-soluble dispersibility, namely, the water-soluble dispersibility of the temporary plugging agent, namely, the dispersion condition of the temporary plugging agent in water, wherein the temporary plugging agent with poor apparent water-soluble dispersibility can prolong the preparation time and increase the workload when being operated on site. Evaluation of the dissolution rate of the temporary blocking agent, the temporary blocking agent was dissolved in kerosene or water at a certain temperature, and the oil dissolution rate was measured by filtration. If the dissolution rate is low, the temporary plugging agent is not easy to dissolve in crude oil or water, and the recovery of the permeability, namely the recovery of the oil well yield, is influenced.
And evaluating the particle size of the temporary plugging agent, wherein the particle size of the temporary plugging agent is a physical index reflecting whether the temporary plugging agent can plug the artificial cracks, and the plugging effect is influenced by too small or too large particle size. The selection of the particle size of the temporary plugging agent is based on the selection method of the particle size in the shielding temporary plugging agent, and after 1/3 bridging rule (particles with a sufficient amount of particle size larger than 1/3 average reservoir void diameter are selected as the preferable temporary plugging agent) is proposed by Abrams in 1977, recent domestic scholars research shows that when the average particle size of the bridging particles is equal to 2/3 of the average reservoir void diameter, the bridging effect is optimal and the most stable, so the particle size selection is generally selected according to the 2/3 bridging rule.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plugging performance experimental method for a temporary plugging agent for fracturing, which is used for testing the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing under the conditions of different concentrations and different sand ratios through experiments, drawing a plugging effect plate of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing and guiding on-site fracturing construction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a plugging performance experimental method of a temporary plugging agent for fracturing comprises the following steps:
step 1) preparing the concentration of 2-3kg/m 3 1000-1500 ml;
step 2) determining the width of the crack according to the particle size of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing to be evaluated and the bridging rule of 2/3, and loading a crack module 4 corresponding to the width of the crack into the tail part of a simulation pipe of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing evaluation device;
dividing the prepared guar gum base solution into two parts according to the volume ratio of 9-14:1, adding an organic boron crosslinking agent into more than one part of the guar gum base solution to form crosslinked guar gum, and adding 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent and 10-40% by mass of propping agent into the formed crosslinked guar gum, wherein the 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent refers to the 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent and the more than one part of guar gum base solution, and the 10-40% by mass of propping agent refers to the 10-40% by mass of propping agent and the more than one part of guar gum base solution;
pouring another part of guar gum base liquid from the top end of the simulation pipe, pouring the mixed liquid of the cross-linked guar gum, the temporary plugging agent and the propping agent in the step 3) from the top end of the simulation pipe, filling a piston in the simulation pipe after the mixed liquid is filled, and connecting a constant-speed pump to the top of the simulation pipe through a communication pipeline;
step 5), the upper end of the simulation tube is covered, the constant-speed pump is started, and the pressure is recorded through a pressure sensor on a communicating tube line;
step 6) judging the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent according to the pressure condition, if the pressure is increased by more than 3MPa, the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent meets the requirement under the mass concentration, then under the condition that the mass concentration of the propping agent is unchanged, the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is reduced until the pressure is increased by less than 3MPa in the mass concentration range of the temporary plugging agent, so that the minimum mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent meeting the plugging performance under a certain mass concentration of the propping agent is obtained, and the point is marked in a mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve chart;
if the pressure rise is less than 3MPa, under the condition that the mass concentration of the propping agent is unchanged, the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is increased, the experiment is carried out again until the pressure rise is more than 3MPa, and the point is marked in a mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve diagram;
and 7) adjusting the mass concentration of the propping agent in the step 3), carrying out experiments on temporary plugging agents with different mass concentrations, obtaining the minimum temporary plugging agent mass concentration corresponding to each propping agent mass concentration according to the pressure judgment standard in the step 6), and marking one by one to obtain a temporary plugging agent mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve graph.
The guar gum is hydroxypropyl guar gum, carboxymethyl guar gum or carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar gum.
The propping agent is 20-40 mesh quartz sand.
The temporary plugging agent evaluation device for fracturing comprises an analog pipe, a piston, a pressure sensor, a constant-speed pump and a distilled water tank, wherein the analog pipe is an L-shaped pipe, the piston is arranged at the upper part in the vertical section of the L-shaped pipe, one end of the constant-speed pump is connected with the upper end of the piston through a communicating pipe, the other end of the constant-speed pump is communicated with the distilled water tank, a branch is arranged on the communicating pipe, and the pressure sensor is arranged on the branch.
The constant speed pump and the pressure sensor are electrically connected with the data acquisition system.
And the crack module is arranged at the tail end in the horizontal section of the L-shaped pipe.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the experimental method for the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing can be used for testing the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing with different types and different particle sizes in a laboratory. According to the method, a crack module is selected according to the particle size of the temporary plugging agent, the pressure change condition of the temporary plugging agent after entering the crack module is observed, a temporary plugging agent plugging performance chart for fracturing is drawn, plugging performances of the temporary plugging agent and propping agent with different concentrations can be known according to the chart, and certain reference significance is provided for designing the dosage and the adding time of the temporary plugging agent when a fracturing engineering scheme is carried out on fracturing technicians.
Further details will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a temporary plugging agent evaluation device for fracturing;
fig. 2 a graph of temporary plugging agent mass concentration versus proppant mass concentration in example 2.
In the figure: 1. a pressure sensor; 2. a piston; 3. a simulation tube; 4. a crack module; 5. a data acquisition system; 6. a constant speed pump; 7. distilled water tank.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a temporary plugging agent plugging performance experimental method for fracturing, which comprises the following steps:
step 1) preparing the concentration of 2-3kg/m 3 1000-1500 ml;
step 2) determining the width of the crack according to the particle size of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing to be evaluated and the bridging rule of 2/3, and loading a crack module 4 corresponding to the width of the crack into the tail part of a simulation pipe 3 of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing evaluation device;
dividing the prepared guar gum base solution into two parts according to the volume ratio of 9-14:1, adding an organic boron crosslinking agent into more than one part of the guar gum base solution to form crosslinked guar gum, and adding 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent and 10-40% by mass of propping agent into the formed crosslinked guar gum, wherein the 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent refers to the 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent and the more than one part of guar gum base solution, and the 10-40% by mass of propping agent refers to the 10-40% by mass of propping agent and the more than one part of guar gum base solution;
step 4) pouring another part of guar gum base liquid from the top end of the simulation tube 3, pouring the mixed liquid of the cross-linked guanidine gum, the temporary plugging agent and the propping agent in the step 3) from the top end of the simulation tube 3, filling the piston 2 into the simulation tube 3 after the mixed liquid is filled, and connecting the constant-speed pump 6 to the top of the simulation tube 3 through a communication pipeline;
step 5), the upper end of the simulation tube 3 is capped, the constant-speed pump 6 is started, and the pressure is recorded through the pressure sensor 1 on the communication tube line;
step 6) judging the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent according to the pressure condition, if the pressure is increased by more than 3MPa, the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent meets the requirement under the mass concentration, then under the condition that the mass concentration of the propping agent is unchanged, the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is reduced until the pressure is increased by less than 3MPa in the mass concentration range of the temporary plugging agent, so that the minimum mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent meeting the plugging performance under a certain mass concentration of the propping agent is obtained, and the point is marked in a mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve chart;
if the pressure rise is less than 3MPa, under the condition that the mass concentration of the propping agent is unchanged, the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is increased, the experiment is carried out again until the pressure rise is more than 3MPa, and the point is marked in a mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve diagram;
and 7) adjusting the mass concentration of the propping agent in the step 3), carrying out experiments on temporary plugging agents with different mass concentrations, obtaining the minimum temporary plugging agent mass concentration corresponding to each propping agent mass concentration according to the pressure judgment standard in the step 6), and marking one by one to obtain a temporary plugging agent mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve graph.
The embodiment provides a plugging performance experiment method of a temporary plugging agent for fracturing, which is characterized in that plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing under the conditions of different concentrations and different sand ratios (propping agent mass concentration) is tested by simulating the process that the temporary plugging agent enters a crack through a shaft in a laboratory, and a plugging effect chart (a temporary plugging agent mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve chart) of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing is drawn according to the plugging performance, so that the method has very important significance for guiding temporary plugging fracturing site construction.
Example 2:
based on the embodiment 1, the embodiment takes the oil-soluble temporary plugging agent CDD-3 as an example, and adopts the experimental method of the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1) preparation of a concentration of 2.5kg/m 3 100g of oil-soluble temporary plugging agent (CDD-3) and 420g of 20-40 mesh quartz sand propping agent are prepared according to 1500ml of guanidine gum base liquid;
step 2), selecting a 4mm slit module 4 according to the size (about 3 mm) of the particle size of the oil-soluble temporary plugging agent (CDD-3) and the 2/3 bridge erection rule, and loading the 4mm slit module 4 into the tail part of the horizontal section of the simulation tube 3;
step 3) dividing 1500ml of guanidine gum base fluid into 1400ml and 100ml, adding 5.0ml of organic boron crosslinking agent into 1400ml of guanidine gum base fluid, stirring with a glass rod for 3min to form crosslinked guanidine gum, adding 100g (content 7%) of oil-soluble temporary plugging agent (CDD-3) and 420g (sand ratio 30%) of 20-40 mesh quartz sand propping agent into the crosslinked guanidine gum, and uniformly mixing;
step 4) pouring 100ml of guanidine gum base fluid from the upper section of the simulation tube 3, pouring the mixed fluid formed by the cross-linked guanidine gum in the step 3), the oil-soluble temporary plugging agent (CDD-3) and the propping agent from the upper section of the simulation tube 3, filling the mixed fluid into the piston 2 after filling the mixed fluid, and connecting the piston with a constant-speed pump 6;
step 5), the upper end of the simulation tube 3 is capped, the constant speed pump 6 is started, and the pressure is recorded through the pressure sensor 1;
step 6) judging the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent according to the pressure condition, wherein when the mass concentration of the propping agent is 30% and the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent is 7%, the pressure is increased by 5.4MPa to the maximum, so that the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent meets the requirement, then the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is adjusted to 6%, the experiment is carried out again, the pressure is increased to be less than 3MPa, so that the minimum mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent under the mass concentration of the propping agent is 7%, and the point corresponding to the mass concentration of the propping agent which is 30% and the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent which are 7% is marked in a graph;
and 7) respectively adjusting the supporting concentration in the step 3) to 10%, 20% and 42%, obtaining the minimum temporary plugging agent mass concentration corresponding to each propping agent mass concentration, marking one by one, and drawing a plugging effect plate of the oil-soluble temporary plugging agent (CDD-3), namely a temporary plugging agent mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve graph. The temporary plugging agent mass concentration-proppant mass concentration profile for the oil-soluble temporary plugging agent (CDD-3) is shown in fig. 2.
In this example, the guar gum is hydroxypropyl guar gum (20-25 ten thousand relative molecular mass).
As shown in fig. 1, the temporary plugging agent evaluation device for fracturing comprises a simulation pipe 3, a piston 2, a pressure sensor 1, a constant-speed pump 6 and a distilled water tank 7, wherein the simulation pipe 3 is an L-shaped pipe, the piston 2 is arranged at the upper part in the vertical section of the L-shaped pipe, one end of the constant-speed pump 6 is connected with the upper end of the piston 2 through a communicating pipe, the other end of the constant-speed pump is communicated with the distilled water tank 7, a branch is arranged on the communicating pipe, and the pressure sensor 1 is arranged on the branch.
The constant speed pump 6 and the pressure sensor 1 are electrically connected with the data acquisition system 5. In fig. 1, the data acquisition system 5 is a computer. The crack module 4 is arranged at the inner end of the horizontal section of the L-shaped pipe.
The components and structures not specifically described in the above embodiments are well known in the art and commonly used structures or common means, and are not described here.
The foregoing examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all designs that are the same or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The experimental method for plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1) preparing the concentration of 2-3kg/m 3 1000-1500 ml;
step 2) determining the width of the crack according to the particle size of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing to be evaluated and the bridging rule of 2/3, and loading a crack module 4 corresponding to the width of the crack into the tail part of a simulation pipe (3) of the temporary plugging agent for fracturing evaluation device;
dividing the prepared guar gum base solution into two parts according to the volume ratio of 9-14:1, adding an organic boron crosslinking agent into more than one part of the guar gum base solution to form crosslinked guar gum, and adding 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent and 10-40% by mass of propping agent into the formed crosslinked guar gum, wherein the 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent refers to the 4-9% by mass of temporary plugging agent and the more than one part of guar gum base solution, and the 10-40% by mass of propping agent refers to the 10-40% by mass of propping agent and the more than one part of guar gum base solution;
step 4) pouring another part of guar gum base liquid from the top end of the simulation tube (3), pouring the mixed liquid of the cross-linked guar gum, the temporary plugging agent and the propping agent in the step 3) from the top end of the simulation tube (3), filling a piston (2) into the simulation tube (3) after filling, and connecting a constant-speed pump (6) to the top of the simulation tube (3) through a communication pipeline;
step 5), the upper end of the simulation tube (3) is well covered, the constant-speed pump (6) is started, and the pressure is recorded through the pressure sensor (1) on the communication tube line;
step 6) judging the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent according to the pressure condition, if the pressure is increased by more than 3MPa, the plugging performance of the temporary plugging agent meets the requirement under the mass concentration, then under the condition that the mass concentration of the propping agent is unchanged, the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is reduced until the pressure is increased by less than 3MPa in the mass concentration range of the temporary plugging agent, so that the minimum mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent meeting the plugging performance under a certain mass concentration of the propping agent is obtained, and the point is marked in a mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve chart;
if the pressure rise is less than 3MPa, under the condition that the mass concentration of the propping agent is unchanged, the mass concentration of the temporary plugging agent in the step 3) is increased, the experiment is carried out again until the pressure rise is more than 3MPa, and the point is marked in a mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve diagram;
and 7) adjusting the mass concentration of the propping agent in the step 3), carrying out experiments on temporary plugging agents with different mass concentrations, obtaining the minimum temporary plugging agent mass concentration corresponding to each propping agent mass concentration according to the pressure judgment standard in the step 6), and marking one by one to obtain a temporary plugging agent mass concentration-propping agent mass concentration curve graph.
2. The experimental method for plugging performance of temporary plugging agent for fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the experimental method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the guar gum is hydroxypropyl guar gum, carboxymethyl guar gum or carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl guar gum.
3. The experimental method for plugging performance of temporary plugging agent for fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the experimental method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the propping agent is 20-40 mesh quartz sand.
4. The experimental method for plugging performance of temporary plugging agent for fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the experimental method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the temporary plugging agent evaluation device for fracturing comprises a simulation tube (3), a piston (2), a pressure sensor (1), a constant-speed pump (6) and a distilled water tank (7), wherein the simulation tube (3) is an L-shaped tube, the piston (2) is arranged on the upper portion in the vertical section of the L-shaped tube, one end of the constant-speed pump (6) is connected with the upper end of the piston (2) through a communicating tube, the other end of the constant-speed pump is communicated with the distilled water tank (7), a branch is arranged on the communicating tube, and the pressure sensor (1) is arranged on the branch.
5. The experimental method for plugging performance of temporary plugging agent for fracturing according to claim 4, wherein the experimental method is characterized in that: the constant-speed pump (6) and the pressure sensor (1) are electrically connected with the data acquisition system (5).
6. The experimental method for plugging performance of temporary plugging agent for fracturing according to claim 4, wherein the experimental method is characterized in that: and the crack module (4) is arranged at the tail end in the horizontal section of the L-shaped pipe.
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CN110954451B (en) * 2019-12-06 2023-02-03 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Application concentration and application particle size optimization method of flexible gel particle plugging agent

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