CN107471629B - A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method - Google Patents

A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107471629B
CN107471629B CN201710720471.3A CN201710720471A CN107471629B CN 107471629 B CN107471629 B CN 107471629B CN 201710720471 A CN201710720471 A CN 201710720471A CN 107471629 B CN107471629 B CN 107471629B
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shielding construction
printing
fiber
shielding
continuous fiber
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CN107471629A (en
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田小永
尚振涛
尹丽仙
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Shenzhen Yunjiang Zhizao Technology Co ltd
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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    • C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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    • C08J2461/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
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  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method, first establish shielding construction threedimensional model, then conductive fiber path is designed, 3D conductive fiber path is corrected again, then shielding construction printing path is generated, it finally carries out 3D printing and prepares shielding construction, shielding construction produced by the present invention both shield effectiveness with higher, possess lower density again, also with the designability of electromagnetic shielding performance and mechanical property, it can be according to the electromagnetic shielding performance for needing the shielding construction of application, the continuous fiber composite material used simultaneously has good mechanical performance.

Description

A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to continuous fiber reinforced composite materials 3D printing technique fields, and in particular to a kind of continuous fiber reinforcement Composite material electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method.
Background technique
The rapid development of modern society's electronic communication technology is increased severely using the number of devices of electromagnetic communication, ambient enviroment Electromagnetic wave energy density increases year by year, and electromagnetic radiation influences whether that the daily life of the mankind and body are strong in a certain range Health, while can also interfere with and encroach on the normal operation of other electronic equipments, reduce the reliability and stability of equipment.It is present in electricity The electromagnetic wave of sub- inside communication equipment can also interfere with each other, and equipment itself is caused to can not work normally.
Electromagnetic shielding is one of most basic, the effective technical measures that solve the above problems, and electromagnetic shielding can be in space In a region, weaken the field strength as caused by certain sources.Usually some electromagnetic shields, its meeting are installed additional in protected device external Attenuation is generated to electromagnetic wave.Traditional electromagnetic shield is mostly by the materials such as metal and its latten, thin slice, thin net, strip Material production, is covered on and needs on the component protected or be placed in member outside.But such density of material is high, and overall quality is big, And higher cost.Metal group material is easy existing by the effect generation oxidation generation corrosion of water vapor in air and the substance of oxygen As shortening service life, further improving manufacturing cost to accelerate the loss rate of shield.Furthermore this screen Covering body, there is also poor in processability, it is difficult to adjust the disadvantage that shielding properties, absorbing property are poor, inconvenient for use, or even easily cause precision Instrument and equipment internal short-circuit seriously limits metal material in the application in electromagnetic shielding field.Existing electromagnetic shielding composite material Preparation process it is complex, cumbersome, preparation link is more, requires operations step stringent, and preparation meets shielding requirements Material category needed for structure is more, high production cost.Existing composite material preparation process cannot achieve specific complicated shielding simultaneously The quick manufacture of structure, the production cycle is longer, and the mechanical performance of gained composite material is unable to satisfy the needs of various applications.
Continuous fiber composite material has the superiority such as high specific strength, high ratio modulus, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant density is smaller Can, each row having been widely used for including aerospace, defense military, ship, building, electronics, the energy, traffic is each Industry is increasingly becoming material indispensable in human lives.Use conductive fiber as the polymer matrix composites of reinforced phase, it can The electromagnetic shield of function admirable is made, the lower disadvantage of general composite material conductivity is overcome, improves shielding effect Fruit, while the characteristics of have composite material machinery function admirable concurrently.There is presently no see pertinent literature to disclose.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the above prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of continuous fiber reinforcement composite woods Expect electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method, the shielding construction of manufacture both shield effectiveness (shielding with higher Effectiveness, SE), and possess lower density, also with the designability of electromagnetic shielding performance and mechanical property, energy Enough electromagnetic shielding performances for needing the shielding construction according to application, while the continuous fiber composite material tool used There is good mechanical performance.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method, including the following steps:
1) it establishes shielding construction threedimensional model: according to actual demand, being calculated in conjunction with the exact shape of required shield member The threedimensional model of continuous fiber composite material shielding construction is drawn in machine Autocad CAD；
2) conductive fiber path is designed: according to use occasion to the absorption loss (absorption of shielding construction Attenuation, SEa), reflection loss (reflection attenuation, SEr) and overall shield effectiveness The requirement of (shielding effectiveness, SE), the arrangement path of design planning shielding construction inner conducting fibres are Guarantee the consistency of every layer of fiber orientation inside shielding construction, select the fiber filling mode of " rectangle ", passes through and change fiber The angle theta of direction and electric field strength direction E meet the requirement of overall shield effectiveness, and angle theta is smaller, and shield effectiveness is higher；So Preliminary simulating, verifying is carried out to design result using computer-aided engineering software CAE afterwards, guarantees the using effect of shielding construction；
3) it corrects 3D conductive fiber path: due to the requirement of continuous fiber composite material, needing original exemplar one printing It completes, carries out continuous continual material extrusion and print, should all print in each layer and continuously, should not occur between layers The sky of printing interruption and spray head walks phenomenon, to produce the uniform shielding construction of performance, is not influencing shielding properties Under the premise of the conductive fiber path of step 2) is modified and is planned；
4) generate shielding construction printing path: the threedimensional model that step 1) is established imports computer-aided manufacturing software In CAM, according to the revised conductive fiber path of step 3), simultaneous selection can complete the sweep span of exemplar preparation, layering The 3D printing technological parameter of thickness, print speed generates the print command file of the shielding construction；
5) 3D printing prepares shielding construction: Fused Deposition Modeling (fused deposition modeling, FDM) is multiple Condensation material 3D printer and electronic computer are attached, and the print command file that step 4) obtains is imported into CAM software； Select to meet the organic thermoplastic polymer materials of conduction needs as matrix, according in step 2) to the requirement of shield effectiveness The adaptable conducting fibre of selection carries out the increasing of shielding construction after being arranged, adjusting the overall work situation of 3D printer Material manufacture, finally obtains required shield member.
In the step 1) computer aided design software CAD include Solidworks, 3D Studio Max, Unigraphics NX or CATIA.
Computer-aided engineering CAE software includes COMSOL or CST MICROWAVE STUDIO in the step 2).
Computer-aided manufacturing software CAM includes ReplicatorG, Skeinforge, Slic3r in the step 4) Or Cura engine.
Organic thermoplastic polymer material includes polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene second in the step 5) Alkene copolymer (ABS), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) or polyetherimide (PEI) and it is mixed with graphene, electric conductivity staple fiber, four Fe 3 O (Fe3O4) conductive, magnetisable material composite thermoplastic high-molecular organic material, the electric conductivity is fine Dimension includes carbon fiber, nickel-coated carbon fibers, copper carbon fiber or copper wire.
Compared to the prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1) such with good with carbon fiber, metal coated carbon fiber and copper wire using thermoplastic resin material as matrix The continuous fiber of conductivity forms continuous conduction access, had both improved the electric conductivity of shielding construction, and guaranteed the screen as reinforcement Mechanism is covered with excellent shield effectiveness, and alleviates the density of material；
2) high performance effectiveness can be realized under conditions of lower carbon fiber content；
3) continuous fiber reinforced composites have excellent mechanical performance, therefore shielding construction of the invention is also Possess stronger mechanics bearing capacity, can be used as the structural member of electronic equipment, and then realize function and structure integration device element Manufacture；
4) using the advantage of 3D printing manufacture, it can be realized the quick manufacture of specific, complicated form shielding construction；
5) by changing 3D printing sweep span, thickness in monolayer, electric conductivity continuous fiber type, fibre metal coating material Material and thermoplastic resin matrix realize the controllable design and manufacture of electromagnet shield effect and mechanical property, reach functional structure The integrated design and manufacture of integrated controlled architecture.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the threedimensional model schematic diagram of original exemplar in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the single hierarchic path distribution schematic diagram of shielding construction conductive fiber in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method, comprising the following steps:
1) shielding construction threedimensional model is established: referring to Fig.1, according to the requirement for preparing electromagnetic wave shielding performance test block, with And the convenience of test block is further prepared later, 45 × 45 are established using the Solidworks of computer aided design software CAD × 5 original exemplar threedimensional model, reduced model are the file of stl format；
2) conductive fiber path is designed: according to use occasion to the absorption loss (absorption of shielding construction Attenuation, SEa), reflection loss (reflection attenuation, SEr) and overall shield effectiveness The requirement of (shielding effectiveness, SE), the arrangement path of design planning shielding construction inner conducting fibres, ginseng The fiber filling mode of " rectangle " is selected, is passed through in order to guarantee the consistency of every layer of fiber orientation inside shielding construction according to Fig. 2 Change the angle theta of machine direction and electric field strength direction E to meet the requirement of overall shield effectiveness, angle theta is smaller, shield effectiveness It is higher；This example takes θ=0 to reach higher shield effectiveness°, then use the CST of computer-aided engineering software CAE MICROWAVE STUDIO carries out preliminary simulating, verifying to design result, to guarantee the using effect of shielding construction；
3) it corrects 3D conductive fiber path: due to the requirement of continuous fiber composite material, needing original exemplar one printing It completes, carries out continuous continual material and squeeze out printing, each layer and all should continuously print between layers, should not print The sky of interruption and spray head walks phenomenon, to produce the uniform shielding construction of performance, therefore is not influencing shielding properties Under the premise of need that the conductive fiber path of step 2) is reasonably modified and planned；Referring to Fig. 2, beating for " rectangle " is designed Path is printed, while guaranteeing machine direction and the direction electric field strength E at 0°Requirement, for meet one printing complete condition, such as This layer of fruit is printed since point A, terminates this layer of printing in point B, then next layer of printing starting point should be the printing terminal of this layer B；
4) generate shielding construction printing path: it is soft that the stl threedimensional model that step 1) is established imports computer-aided manufacturing In the ReplicatorG of part CAM, according to the revised conductive fiber path of step 3), while the fiber of this 3D printing is determined Fill sweep span be 1.2mm, the 3D printing technological parameter that lift height 0.5mm, print speed are 100mm/min, in conjunction with The Slice Software Skeinforge of computer-aided manufacturing software CAM generates the print command file of the shielding construction；
5) 3D printing prepares shielding construction: by Fused Deposition Modeling (fused deposited manufacture, FDM) Composite material 3D printer and electronic computer are attached, and the print command file that step 4) obtains is imported into CAM software In；It selects polylactic acid (PLA) as matrix, selects carbon fiber to enhance as conduction the requirement of shield effectiveness according in step 2) Fiber is configured the overall work situation of 3D printer, adjusts, start the increasing material manufacturing of shielding construction, finally obtains institute The shield member needed.
Shielding construction obtained by this example is by test, shield effectiveness (8.2~12.4GHz), average value in X-band Reach 60dB, and the volume fraction of fiber is only 6.3%, mass fraction 8.9%.
The present invention is using thermoplastic resin material as matrix, and with carbon fiber, metal coated carbon fiber and copper wire is such has The continuity fiber of good electrical conductivity forms continuity conductive path as reinforcement, has both improved the electric conductivity of shielding construction, Guarantee that the shielding body has excellent shield effectiveness, and alleviates the density of material.Simultaneously in the item of lower carbon fiber content High performance effectiveness is realized under part.Continuous fiber reinforced composites mechanical performance with higher, because This shielding construction of the invention can also realize certain mechanics bearing function, as the structural member of electronic device, to realize The manufacture of function and structure integration device element.Using the advantage of 3D printing manufacturing process, specific, complicated form screen can be realized The quick manufacture of shield structure.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method, which is characterized in that including following Step:
1) establish shielding construction threedimensional model: according to actual demand, in conjunction with required shield member exact shape in computer aided manufacturing It helps in design software CAD and draws the threedimensional model of continuous fiber composite material shielding construction；
2) conductive fiber path is designed: according to use occasion to the absorption loss (absorption of shielding construction Attenuation, SEa), reflection loss (reflection attenuation, SEr) and overall shield effectiveness The requirement of (shielding effectiveness, SE), the arrangement path of design planning shielding construction inner conducting fibres are Guarantee the consistency of every layer of fiber orientation inside shielding construction, select the fiber filling mode of " rectangle ", passes through and change fiber The angle theta of direction and electric field strength direction E meet the requirement of overall shield effectiveness, and angle theta is smaller, and shield effectiveness is higher；So Preliminary simulating, verifying is carried out to design result using computer-aided engineering software CAE afterwards, guarantees the using effect of shielding construction；
3) it corrects 3D conductive fiber path: due to the requirement of continuous fiber composite material, one printing of original exemplar being needed to complete, It carries out continuous continual material and squeezes out printing, each layer is interior and all should continuously print between layers, should not print The sky of interruption and spray head walks phenomenon, so that the uniform shielding construction of performance is produced, in the premise for not influencing shielding properties Under the conductive fiber path of step 2) is modified and is planned；
4) generate shielding construction printing path: the threedimensional model that step 1) is established imports in computer-aided manufacturing software CAM, According to the revised conductive fiber path of step 3), simultaneous selection can complete the sweep span of exemplar preparation, lift height, beat The 3D printing technological parameter of print-out rate generates the print command file of the shielding construction；
5) 3D printing prepares shielding construction: by Fused Deposition Modeling (fused deposition modeling, FDM) composite wood Material 3D printer and electronic computer are attached, and the print command file that step 4) obtains is imported into CAM software；Selection Meet the organic thermoplastic polymer material of conduction needs as matrix, is selected according to the requirement in step 2) to shield effectiveness Adaptable conducting fibre carries out the increasing material system of shielding construction after being arranged, adjusting the overall work situation of 3D printer It makes, finally obtains required shield member.
2. a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method according to claim 1, It is characterized by: in the step 1) computer aided design software CAD include Solidworks, 3D Studio Max, Unigraphics NX or CATIA.
3. a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method according to claim 1, It is characterized by: computer-aided engineering CAE software includes COMSOL or CST MICROWAVE in the step 2) STUDIO。
4. a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method according to claim 1, It is characterized by: in the step 4) computer-aided manufacturing software CAM include ReplicatorG, Skeinforge, Slic3r or Cura engine.
5. a kind of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials electromagnetic armouring structure 3D printing manufacturing method according to claim 1, It is characterized by: organic thermoplastic polymer material includes polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene in the step 5) Ethylene copolymer (ABS), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) or polyetherimide (PEI) and be mixed with graphene, electric conductivity staple fiber, Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe3O4) conductive, magnetisable material composite thermoplastic high-molecular organic material, the electric conductivity Fiber includes carbon fiber, nickel-coated carbon fibers, copper carbon fiber or copper wire.
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