CN107470341A - A kind of restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
A kind of restorative procedure of heavy-metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-mannomethylose Natural products CC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-JFNONXLTSA-N L-rhamnopyranose Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-JFNONXLTSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-rhamnose Natural products CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical group OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WTBIAPVQQBCLFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.N.N.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O Chemical compound N.N.N.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O WTBIAPVQQBCLFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 72
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 72
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 49
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 45
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 11
- -1 amidino, guanidino Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- LLZLIADJRPRWGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCN=C(N(C)C)N(C)C LLZLIADJRPRWGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- AAUVMHNVCYAQBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanimidamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=N AAUVMHNVCYAQBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 5
- NEWLFIGHDAFCHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanimidamide Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=N NEWLFIGHDAFCHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7028-40-2 Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002636 imidazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，属于土壤修复技术领域。The invention relates to a repair method for heavy metal polluted soil, belonging to the technical field of soil repair.
背景技术Background technique
我国土壤重金属污染问题突出，受污染耕地面积约2000 hm2。严重的土壤重金属污染已对食品安全、生态环境和群众健康构成了严重威胁，急切需求重金属污染土壤修复技术。目前重金属污染土壤的修复技术包括物理修复、化学修复和生物修复。基于表面活性剂的化学淋洗技术是目前最具前景的修复技术。然而该技术受到地层介质低渗透性及非均匀性的限制，化学淋洗液易产生孔道效应(淋洗液易沿渗透性好的介质孔道流动)，难以覆盖整个污染区域，导致修复效果低；同时淋洗液易受重力影响，导致其迁移难以控制，极易进入含水层，导致污染区域扩大，造成二次污染。The problem of soil heavy metal pollution in China is prominent, and the area of polluted cultivated land is about 2000 hm 2 . Serious soil heavy metal pollution has posed a serious threat to food safety, ecological environment and public health, and there is an urgent need for heavy metal-contaminated soil remediation technology. The current remediation technologies for heavy metal-contaminated soil include physical remediation, chemical remediation and biological remediation. Surfactant-based chemical rinsing technology is currently the most promising restoration technology. However, this technology is limited by the low permeability and non-uniformity of the formation medium, and the chemical eluent is prone to pore effect (the eluent tends to flow along the pores of the medium with good permeability), which makes it difficult to cover the entire contaminated area, resulting in low repair effect; At the same time, the eluent is easily affected by gravity, which makes its migration difficult to control and easily enters the aquifer, resulting in the expansion of the polluted area and secondary pollution.
表面活性剂泡沫修复方法是近年发展的污染土壤修复技术，由于泡沫具有流动性强、土壤中分布均匀、受重力影响小等优点而受到广泛关注。李英等人公开了一种利用表面活性剂形成的水基泡沫去除土壤中重金属离子的方法[CN103909090A]，因表面活性剂泡沫中的胶体易于重金属通过配位和吸附作用形成稳定混合体系，吸附重金属的表面活性剂泡沫难以分离，成本高且工艺复杂，限制了该发明在实际污染修复中的推广。Surfactant foam remediation method is a contaminated soil remediation technology developed in recent years. It has attracted extensive attention due to its advantages such as strong fluidity, uniform distribution in soil, and little influence by gravity. Li Ying et al. disclose a method [CN103909090A] for removing heavy metal ions in soil using water-based foam formed by surfactants. Because the colloids in the surfactant foam are easy for heavy metals to form a stable mixed system through coordination and adsorption, adsorption The heavy metal surfactant foam is difficult to separate, and the cost is high and the process is complicated, which limits the promotion of this invention in actual pollution remediation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明针对表面活性剂水基泡沫吸附、螯合重金属后分离难的问题，提供一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，该方法基于开关表面活性剂可逆可控的特性，利用开关表面活性剂水基泡沫吸附、增溶重金属实现土壤重金属污染修复，通过调控增溶重金属的表面活性剂泡沫分离表面活性剂，实现表面活性剂的回收利用。Aiming at the problem that surfactant water-based foam is difficult to separate after adsorption and chelation of heavy metals, the present invention provides a repair method for heavy metal-contaminated soil. Foam adsorption and solubilization of heavy metals are used to remediate soil heavy metal pollution, and the surfactant foam is separated by regulating the solubilized heavy metal surfactants to realize the recycling of surfactants.
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于50mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil until the particle size is not greater than 50mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；(2) Add the reversible surfactant to the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；(3) passing the obtained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, and CO gas into the porous medium respectively in step (2) to obtain a reversible surfactant foam;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫；(4) Blowing the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the heavy metal-contaminated soil crushed in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam;
（5）将空气或惰性气体通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；(5) Pass air or inert gas into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant;
所述步骤（2）中可逆表面活性剂为含有脒基、胍基、咪唑啉官能团的长链烷基(R = C8~C18)化合物中的一种或多种；The reversible surfactant in the step (2) is one or more of long-chain alkyl (R=C 8 ~C 18 ) compounds containing amidino, guanidino, and imidazoline functional groups;
所述步骤（2）中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂的质量百分数浓度为0.1~2%；The mass percent concentration of the reversible surfactant in the carbonate aqueous solution of the reversible surfactant in the step (2) is 0.1-2%;
所述步骤（3）中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为1~5%，螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、二乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)、乙二醇双四乙酸(EGTA)、鼠李糖、皂角苷、草酸、柠檬酸、水杨酸中的一种或多种；The mass percent concentration of the chelating agent in the chelating agent aqueous solution in the step (3) is 1 to 5%, and the chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylene glycol bis One or more of tetraacetic acid (EGTA), rhamnose, saponin, oxalic acid, citric acid, and salicylic acid;
所述步骤（3）中多孔介质的孔隙率不低于3%，粒径为0.05~50 mm；The porosity of the porous medium in the step (3) is not less than 3%, and the particle size is 0.05-50 mm;
所述步骤（3）中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂水溶液的流速比为1:(0.02~0.5):(0.05~0.8)；In the step (3), the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO 2 gas, and chelating agent aqueous solution is 1:(0.02~0.5):(0.05~0.8);
所述步骤（4）中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为0.02~100mL/min，且泡沫体积与土壤质量比不低于5mL/g。The flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam in the step (4) is 0.02-100mL/min, and the foam volume to soil mass ratio is not less than 5mL/g.
本发明是基于CO2型气体可逆表面活性剂与CO2反应产生具有表面活性的碳酸盐，通入空气或惰性气体后转变为非活性态，且不溶于水易沉淀这一特性，以解决表面活性剂泡沫修复土壤中的重金属后，表面活性剂难以分离的问题。The present invention is based on the CO2 -type gas reversible surfactant reacting with CO2 to produce a carbonate with surface activity, which turns into an inactive state after being fed into air or an inert gas, and is insoluble in water and easy to precipitate. After surfactant foam remediates heavy metals in soil, the surfactant is difficult to separate.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
（1）本发明方法对土壤中多种重金均具有良好的去除效果，且耐土壤的碱度、盐度，可对不同类型重金属污染土壤进行修复；(1) The method of the present invention has a good removal effect on various heavy metals in the soil, and is resistant to the alkalinity and salinity of the soil, and can repair soil contaminated by different types of heavy metals;
（2）本发明方法往吸附重金属的开关表面活性剂水基泡沫体系中通入空气或惰性气体，使开关表面活性剂失活，转变为沉淀态，实现表面活性剂与重金属的有效分离，从而实现表面活性剂的回收利用，具有操作简单、表面活性剂回收效率高、成本低等优点，有利于泡沫修复污染土壤技术的推广应用。(2) The method of the present invention feeds air or an inert gas into the switch surfactant water-based foam system that adsorbs heavy metals to deactivate the switch surfactant and transform it into a precipitated state, so as to realize the effective separation of the surfactant and the heavy metal, thereby Realizing the recovery and utilization of surfactants has the advantages of simple operation, high recovery efficiency of surfactants, and low cost, which is conducive to the popularization and application of foam remediation technology for polluted soil.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the content described.
实施例1：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 1: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead, and copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of chromium, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于20mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil to a particle size of no more than 20mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为十二烷基乙脒）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基乙脒）的质量百分数浓度为1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is dodecyl acetamidine) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution is reversible The mass percentage concentration of surfactant (dodecyl acetamidine) is 1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为2%，螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（乙二胺四乙酸）水溶液的流速比为1:0.2:0.05；多孔介质为细石英砂，粒径为5mm；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 2%, the chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO2 gas, chelating agent (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) aqueous solution is 1:0.2:0.05; the porous medium is fine quartz Sand, particle size is 5mm;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为2mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the heavy metal-contaminated soil crushed in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 2mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬6.7 mg/kg、隔2.4 mg/kg、铅24.1 mg/kg、铜1.5 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为97.6%、97.5%、98.9%、98.2%；可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基乙脒）的回收率为87.9%。The content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is 6.7 mg/kg chromium, 2.4 mg/kg chromium, 24.1 mg/kg lead, and 1.5 mg/kg copper. The removal rates of , lead and copper were 97.6%, 97.5%, 98.9% and 98.2% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (dodecyl acetamidine) was 87.9%.
实施例2：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 2: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of chromium, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于30mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil to a particle size of no more than 30mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为十六烷基乙脒）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（十六烷基乙脒）的质量百分数浓度为1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (hexadecyl acetamidine) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution is reversible The mass percent concentration of surfactant (hexadecyl acetamidine) is 1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为2%，螯合剂为二乙基三胺五乙酸；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（二乙基三胺五乙酸）水溶液的流速比为1:0.2:0.3；多孔介质为细石英砂，粒径为0.05mm；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 2%, the chelating agent is diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid; the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO2 gas, chelating agent (diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid) aqueous solution is 1:0.2:0.3; porous The medium is fine quartz sand with a particle size of 0.05mm;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为0.02mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the heavy metal-contaminated soil crushed in step (1) at a uniform speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 0.02mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬13.4 mg/kg、隔3.1 mg/kg、铅39.4 mg/kg、铜2.8 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为95.2%、96.7%、98.2%、96.6%；可逆表面活性剂（十六烷基乙脒）的回收率为88.5%。The mass percentage content of the heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is chromium 13.4 mg/kg, chromium 3.1 mg/kg, lead 39.4 mg/kg, copper 2.8 mg/kg, after calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 95.2%, 96.7%, 98.2% and 96.6% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (hexadecyl acetamidine) was 88.5%.
实施例3：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 3: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead, and copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of chromium, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于40mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil until the particle size is not greater than 40mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为十二烷基乙脒和十六烷基乙脒）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基乙脒和十六烷基乙脒）的质量百分数浓度为1%；(2) Add reversible surfactants (reversible surfactants are dodecylacetamidine and hexadecylacetamidine) into water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surface active The mass percent concentration of reversible surfactants (dodecyl acetamidine and hexadecyl acetamidine) in the carbonate aqueous solution is 1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为2%，螯合剂为乙二醇双四乙酸；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（乙二醇双四乙酸）水溶液的流速比为1:0.5:0.3；多孔介质为石英砂，粒径为50mm；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 2%, the chelating agent is ethylene glycol bistetraacetic acid; the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO gas, and chelating agent (ethylene glycol bistetraacetic acid) aqueous solution is 1:0.5:0.3; the porous medium is Quartz sand, the particle size is 50mm;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为2mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the heavy metal-contaminated soil crushed in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 2mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬0.8 mg/kg、隔0.8 mg/kg、铅37.2 mg/kg、铜1.5 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为99.7%、99.2%、98.3%、98.2%；可逆表面活性剂（十六烷基乙脒）的回收率为83.5%。The mass percent content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is 0.8 mg/kg chromium, 0.8 mg/kg chromium, 37.2 mg/kg lead, and 1.5 mg/kg copper. After calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 99.7%, 99.2%, 98.3% and 98.2% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (hexadecyl acetamidine) was 83.5%.
实施例4：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 4: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, lead, copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of lead, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于10 mm；(1) Crushing the heavy metal-contaminated soil to a particle size of no more than 10 mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为十二烷基四甲基胍）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基四甲基胍）的质量百分数浓度为0.1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is dodecyl tetramethylguanidine) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution The mass percent concentration of the reversible surfactant (dodecyl tetramethylguanidine) is 0.1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为1%，螯合剂为鼠李糖；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（鼠李糖）水溶液的流速比为1:0.02:0.8；多孔介质的粒径为10mm的细石英砂；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 1%, the chelating agent is rhamnose; the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO 2 gas, and chelating agent (rhamnose) aqueous solution is 1:0.02:0.8; the particle size of the porous medium is 10mm fine Quartz sand;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为10 mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the crushed heavy metal-contaminated soil in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 10 mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬72.0 mg/kg、隔17.8 mg/kg、铅520.3 mg/kg、铜22.0 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为74.2%、81.3%、76.2%、73.2%；可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基四甲基胍）的回收率为91.2%。The mass percent content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is 72.0 mg/kg chromium, 17.8 mg/kg chromium, 520.3 mg/kg lead, and 22.0 mg/kg copper. After calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 74.2%, 81.3%, 76.2% and 73.2% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (dodecyltetramethylguanidine) was 91.2%.
实施例5：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 5: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, lead, copper is chromium 279 mg/kg, lead 95 mg/kg, lead 2186 mg/kg kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于40mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil until the particle size is not greater than 40mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为十二烷基四甲基胍）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基四甲基胍）的质量百分数浓度为1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is dodecyl tetramethylguanidine) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution The mass percentage concentration of the reversible surfactant (dodecyl tetramethylguanidine) is 1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为2%，螯合剂为鼠李糖；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（鼠李糖）水溶液的流速比为1:0.5:0.8；多孔介质的粒径为15mm的细石英砂；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 2%, the chelating agent is rhamnose; the flow rate ratio of the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO 2 gas, and chelating agent (rhamnose) aqueous solution is 1:0.5:0.8; the particle size of the porous medium is 15mm fine Quartz sand;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为10mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the heavy metal-contaminated soil crushed in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 10mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬7.5 mg/kg、隔3.3 mg/kg、铅104.9 mg/kg、铜3.2 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为97.3%、96.5%、95.2%、96.1%；可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基四甲基胍）的回收率为88.4%。The mass percent content of the heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is chromium 7.5 mg/kg, chromium 3.3 mg/kg, lead 104.9 mg/kg, copper 3.2 mg/kg, after calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 97.3%, 96.5%, 95.2% and 96.1% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (dodecyltetramethylguanidine) was 88.4%.
实施例6：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 6: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, lead, copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of lead, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于50mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil until the particle size is not greater than 50mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为十二烷基四甲基胍）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基四甲基胍）的质量百分数浓度为0.1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is dodecyl tetramethylguanidine) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution The mass percent concentration of the reversible surfactant (dodecyl tetramethylguanidine) is 0.1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为5%，螯合剂为皂角苷；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（皂角苷）水溶液的流速比为1:0.5:0.1；多孔介质的粒径为5mm的细石英砂；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 5%, the chelating agent is saponin; the flow rate ratio of the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO 2 gas, and chelating agent (saponin) aqueous solution is 1:0.5:0.1; the particle size of the porous medium is 5mm fine Quartz sand;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为100mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the heavy metal-contaminated soil crushed in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 100mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬32.6 mg/kg、隔14.2 mg/kg、铅190.2 mg/kg、铜16.8 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为88.3%、85.1%、91.3%、79.5%；可逆表面活性剂（十二烷基四甲基胍）的回收率为82.3%。The mass percent content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is 32.6 mg/kg chromium, 14.2 mg/kg chromium, 190.2 mg/kg lead, and 16.8 mg/kg copper. After calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 88.3%, 85.1%, 91.3% and 79.5% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (dodecyltetramethylguanidine) was 82.3%.
实施例7：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 7: the heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metal chromium, lead, copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of lead, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于15 mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil to a particle size of no more than 15 mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）的质量百分数浓度为0.1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is 2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surface The mass percent concentration of the reversible surfactant (2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethyl imidazoline) in the aqueous carbonate solution of the active agent is 0.1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为1%，螯合剂为草酸；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（草酸）水溶液的流速比为1:0.02:0.8；多孔介质的粒径为5mm的细石英砂；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 1%, the chelating agent is oxalic acid; the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO2 gas, and chelating agent (oxalic acid) aqueous solution is 1:0.02:0.8; the particle size of the porous medium is fine quartz sand of 5mm;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为10 mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the crushed heavy metal-contaminated soil in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 10 mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬85.1 mg/kg、隔26.5 mg/kg、铅490.0 mg/kg、铜26.1 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为69.5%、72.1%、77.6%、68.2%；可逆表面活性剂（2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）的回收率为90.4%。The mass percent content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is 85.1 mg/kg chromium, 26.5 mg/kg chromium, 490.0 mg/kg lead, and 26.1 mg/kg copper. After calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 69.5%, 72.1%, 77.6% and 68.2% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) was 90.4%.
实施例8：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 8: The heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metals chromium, chromium, lead and copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of chromium, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于20mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil to a particle size of no more than 20mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）的质量百分数浓度为2%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is 2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surface The mass percent concentration of the reversible surfactant (2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) in the aqueous carbonate solution of the active agent is 2%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为2%，螯合剂为草酸；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（草酸）水溶液的流速比为1:0.5:0.8；多孔介质的粒径为5mm的细石英砂；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 2%, the chelating agent is oxalic acid; the flow rate ratio of reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO 2 gas, and chelating agent (oxalic acid) aqueous solution is 1:0.5:0.8; the particle size of the porous medium is fine quartz sand of 5mm;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为10 mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the crushed heavy metal-contaminated soil in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 10 mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬9.5 mg/kg、隔6.3 mg/kg、铅59.0 mg/kg、铜3.1 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为96.6%、93.4%、97.3%、96.2%；可逆表面活性剂（2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）的回收率为90.4%。The mass percent content of heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is 9.5 mg/kg chromium, 6.3 mg/kg chromium, 59.0 mg/kg lead, and 3.1 mg/kg copper. After calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 96.6%, 93.4%, 97.3% and 96.2% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) was 90.4%.
实施例9：本实施例中的重金属污染土壤以云南某地区重金属污染土壤为样本，其中重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的含量为铬279 mg/kg、隔95 mg/kg、铅2186 mg/kg、铜82 mg/kg；Embodiment 9: The heavy metal-contaminated soil in the present embodiment takes the heavy metal-contaminated soil in a certain area of Yunnan as a sample, wherein the content of heavy metals chromium, chromium, lead and copper is 279 mg/kg of chromium, 95 mg/kg of chromium, and 2186 mg/kg of lead. kg, copper 82 mg/kg;
一种重金属污染土壤的修复方法，具体步骤为：A method for repairing heavy metal contaminated soil, the specific steps are:
（1）将重金属污染土壤破碎至粒径不大于50mm；(1) Crush the heavy metal-contaminated soil until the particle size is not greater than 50mm;
（2）将可逆表面活性剂（可逆表面活性剂为2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）加入到水中，然后通入二氧化碳得到可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液；其中可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液中可逆表面活性剂（2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）的质量百分数浓度为0.1%；(2) Add the reversible surfactant (the reversible surfactant is 2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) into the water, and then pass through carbon dioxide to obtain the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution; the reversible surface The mass percent concentration of the reversible surfactant (2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethyl imidazoline) in the aqueous carbonate solution of the active agent is 0.1%;
（3）将步骤（2）所得可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、螯合剂水溶液、CO2气体分别通入多孔介质中得到可逆表面活性剂泡沫；其中螯合剂水溶液中螯合剂的质量百分数浓度为5%，螯合剂为水杨酸；可逆表面活性剂碳酸盐水溶液、CO2气体、螯合剂（水杨酸）水溶液的流速比为1:0.5:0.1；多孔介质的粒径为5mm的细石英砂；(3) Step (2) gained reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, chelating agent aqueous solution, CO Gas is passed into porous medium respectively to obtain reversible surfactant foam; Wherein the mass percent concentration of chelating agent in chelating agent aqueous solution is 5%, the chelating agent is salicylic acid; the flow rate ratio of the reversible surfactant carbonate aqueous solution, CO 2 gas, and chelating agent (salicylic acid) aqueous solution is 1:0.5:0.1; the particle size of the porous medium is 5mm fine Quartz sand;
（4）将步骤（3）所得可逆表面活性剂泡沫匀速鼓入步骤（1）破碎的重金属污染土壤中得到无污染土壤和含重金属泡沫，其中可逆表面活性剂泡沫的流速为100 mL/min；(4) Blow the reversible surfactant foam obtained in step (3) into the crushed heavy metal-contaminated soil in step (1) at a constant speed to obtain non-polluted soil and heavy metal-containing foam, wherein the flow rate of the reversible surfactant foam is 100 mL/min;
（5）将空气通入步骤（4）所得含重金属泡沫中，静置，下层固体即为可逆表面活性剂；其中空气的流速为5mL/min；(5) Pass air into the heavy metal-containing foam obtained in step (4), let it stand, and the lower solid is the reversible surfactant; the flow rate of the air is 5mL/min;
本实施例所得污染土壤修复后重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的质量百分数含量为铬49.9 mg/kg、隔19.7 mg/kg、铅279.8 mg/kg、铜22.9 mg/kg，经计算，重金属铬、隔、铅、铜的去除率分别为82.1%、79.3%、87.2%、72.1%；可逆表面活性剂（2-十二烷基-1-羟乙基咪唑啉）的回收率为82.3%。The mass percentage content of the heavy metal chromium, chromium, lead and copper after the restoration of the contaminated soil obtained in this example is chromium 49.9 mg/kg, chromium 19.7 mg/kg, lead 279.8 mg/kg, copper 22.9 mg/kg, after calculation, the heavy metal chromium The removal rates of , septum, lead and copper were 82.1%, 79.3%, 87.2% and 72.1% respectively; the recovery rate of reversible surfactant (2-dodecyl-1-hydroxyethylimidazoline) was 82.3%.
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