CN107468325A - A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate - Google Patents
A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107468325A CN107468325A CN201710708581.8A CN201710708581A CN107468325A CN 107468325 A CN107468325 A CN 107468325A CN 201710708581 A CN201710708581 A CN 201710708581A CN 107468325 A CN107468325 A CN 107468325A
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- steel plate
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- match
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000002324 minimally invasive surgery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 210000003423 ankle Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 210000002303 tibia Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 208000027502 Ankle fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 125000003003 spiro group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000000544 articulatio talocruralis Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002224 dissection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010024453 Ligament sprain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011982 device technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/80—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
- A61B17/8061—Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates specially adapted for particular bones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B2017/564—Methods for bone or joint treatment
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, belongs to orthopedic medical device technical field, for back ankle fracture to be fixed.Its technical scheme is：The plate face lower end of steel plate is to curving, crooked radian matches with shin bone lower end rear radian, there are 36 lock holes in the plate face of steel plate, the screw thread of lock hole and the screw thread of forcing screw match, there is positioning hole the top and bottom both sides of the plate face of steel plate respectively, the aperture of positioning hole and the diameter of Kirschner wire match, and the screw thread that there are screw thread and lock hole in one end of sleeve matches, the connection relative with one end of matching used drilling positioner of the other end of sleeve.The present invention is the pioneering of back ankle fracture operation, broken back ankle fracture operation must after shin bone the traditional theory and method of outside or rear medial approach, fundamentally solve the problem that heel string anatomical position in back ankle fracture operation influences operation technique and surgical effect, also realize that minimally invasiveization opens new road for back ankle fracture operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dissection locking steel plate that back ankle fracture is fixed, and belongs to orthopedic medical device technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Back ankle fracture is the common disease of sprained ankle, and the treatment to back ankle fracture is distinguished generally according to the size of sclerite
Fixed using plaster fixing, lag screw and three kinds of methods of Interal fixation.In general, when the distal tibial that is less than of sclerite closes
Nodal section 1/4 when use plaster fixing；When the size of sclerite meets or exceeds the 1/4 of distal tibial articular surface, typically adopt
With lag screw or Interal fixation.The damage that lag screw is fixed is small, realizes the pressurization of fracture site, but due to using front side
Contraposition of the approach to sclerite is poor, and rear ankle is located at the distal end of shin bone, belongs to cancellous bone, lag screw does not have to sclerite
There is support displacement new easily caused by cutting shape, it is impossible to realize early functional exercise.Interal fixation is realized to sclerite
Support, steel plate screw to sclerite do not have pressurization., it is necessary to enter outside after or in rear when from Interal fixation
Road, due to the stop of heel string so that effective operating space is limited to very much, and on the premise of wound is not increased, the longitudinal axis of steel plate is very
It is difficult parallel with the anatomical axis of shin bone.In application locking steel plate, the direction of screw difficult to realize is vertical with steel plate to reach screw
With steel plate secure lock, the stable characteristic in locking steel plate angle is lost.If using general steel plate, the direction of screw can not be vertical
In steel plate, screw occurs decomposing, so that the frictional force of steel plate and bone-contact is smaller, is easy to fail to the pressure of steel plate.
Outside or rear medial approach after simultaneously, when taking out again after Interal fixation, when to take out inside-fixture due to the stop of heel string,
Back-out that screw is more difficult, easily cause the phenomenon of slide fastener, so as to which the wound to patient is larger.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201520720566.1 discloses a kind of rear ankle fixed system, and this device is taken from rear outer
Fixation of the side approach application locking and pressurizing screw to rear ankle, has taken into account the double action of the pressurization and support to sclerite, still
Due to the presence of the limitation of rear ankle posterolateral approach, the longitudinal axis of steel plate still difficult to realize is parallel with the anatomical axis of shin bone,
It is extremely difficult to the secure lock of locking and pressurizing screw and lock hole, it is also difficult to avoid posterolateral approach from being easy to when taking out inside-fixture
The drawbacks of slide fastener.
So far, the Interal fixation technical scheme for treating back ankle fracture uses approach in outer or rear after use, but
The characteristics of being due to heel string anatomical position, not only operation technique space is very narrow for rear outer or rear interior approach, and is difficult to reach
Locking and pressurizing screw and the effect of steel plate secure lock, and difficulty is larger when taking out steel plate, such case can not overcome so far.
More show with the development of orthopaedics Minimally Invasive Surgery, the drawbacks of back ankle fracture current Interal fixation method so that Minimally Invasive Surgery
It can not be used in back ankle fracture operation, it is impossible to play the superiority of Minimally Invasive Surgery, turn into insoluble in bone surgery and ask
Topic, it would be highly desirable to which doctor and scientific research personnel adopt an effective measure and solved, to promote smooth hair of the Minimally Invasive Surgery in Orthopedic Clinical
Exhibition, safer and more effective treat is provided for patient.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery and dissect locking steel plate, this
Kind locking steel plate can be put into rear ankle fixed position using Minimally Invasive Surgery, and lock screw is squeezed into enter with locking steel plate in front of shin bone
Row locking connection, the drawbacks of outside or rear medial approach can be avoided after shin bone, while taken into account and back ankle fracture block is pressurizeed
With the double action of support, with realize back ankle fracture operation minimally invasiveization develop.
Solve above-mentioned technical problem technical scheme be：
A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, and it includes steel plate, sleeve and forcing screw, and steel plate is oval
Shape plate face, the plate face lower end of steel plate is to curving, and crooked radian matches with shin bone lower end rear radian, in the plate face of steel plate
There is 3-6 lock hole along steel plate length direction, the screw thread of lock hole and the screw thread of forcing screw match, the plate face of steel plate
There is positioning hole top and bottom both sides respectively, and the aperture of positioning hole and the diameter of Kirschner wire match, and there is screw thread one end of sleeve
Match with the screw thread of lock hole, the connection relative with one end of matching used drilling positioner of the other end of sleeve.
The above-mentioned rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, axis and the oriented shin of steel plate face of the positioning hole
Angle of inclination on the outside of bone, the axis of positioning hole and the angle of inclination of steel plate face are 45-60 degree, the extension of the axis of positioning hole
Line is located in the gap between the lock hole of steel plate.
The above-mentioned rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, length and shin bone rear portion and the shin of the forcing screw
The distance between bone front portion matches, and forcing screw front end has screw thread to match with lock hole screw thread, and there is spiral shell forcing screw rear end
Line, pressurizing nut is cased with screw thread, the groove for having turn forcing screw on the spiro rod rear end face of forcing screw.
The above-mentioned rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, and the length of the sleeve is 1-2cm, sleeve one end
The internal diameter of the lock hole of external diameter and steel plate matches, and the external diameter of the other end and the internal diameter of locator match, the internal diameter of sleeve with
The external diameter of drill bit matches.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The steel plate of the present invention is placed on shin bone rear portion, and forcing screw is squeezed into from tibial anterior, and forcing screw passes through shin bone and steel plate
Locking connection, operating difficulties in small space caused by being stopped when avoiding after shin bone outside or rear medial approach due to heel string
The drawbacks of with aggravating to damage, forcing screw and pressurizing nut have taken into account the dual work for pressurizeing and supporting to back ankle fracture block simultaneously
With, forcing screw can be taken out in front of shin bone when taking out steel plate, reduce by ankle-joint rear take out the easy slide fastener of screw
The defects of；Positioning hole changes the way of the vertical steel plate of conventional positioning hole so that is avoided during with Kirschner wire fixation steel plate by kirschner
Pin percutaneously passes through the disadvantage of heel string, and the axis of positioning hole is located at the gap of lock hole, it also avoid forcing screw and gram of positioning
The cross one another situation of family name's pin occurs.
The present invention is the pioneering of back ankle fracture operation, broken back ankle fracture operation must after shin bone outside or rear inner side
The traditional theory and method of approach, fundamentally solves the long-term heel string dissection position not being resolved in back ankle fracture operation
Putting influences the problem of operation technique and surgical effect, also realizes that minimally invasiveization opens new road for back ankle fracture operation, promotes bone
The development of section's Minimally Invasive Surgery, contribution is made that to mitigate corrective surgery pain and improving surgical quality, is had in Orthopedic Clinical fabulous
Popularizing value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the use state diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 side view.
Marked in figure as follows：Steel plate 1, lock hole 2, positioning hole 3, sleeve 4, forcing screw 5, pressurizing nut 6, Kirschner wire 7,
Shin bone 8, lower tibiofibula screw broken nail take out locator 9.
Embodiment
The present invention is made up of steel plate 1, sleeve 4, forcing screw 5, pressurizing nut 6, Kirschner wire 7.
Shown in figure, steel plate 1 is Long Circle plate face, and the plate face lower end of steel plate 1 is to curving, crooked radian and shin bone 8
Lower end rear radian matches, in use, the plate face of steel plate 1 is adjacent to the surface of shin bone 8.
Show there be a 3-6 lock hole 2 along the length direction of steel plate 1 in the plate face of steel plate 1 in figure, the screw thread of lock hole 2 with
The screw thread of forcing screw 5 matches, and the front end of forcing screw 5 and the locking of lock hole 2 of steel plate 1 connect.
Shown in figure, there are positioning hole 3, the aperture of positioning hole 3 and kirschner in the top and bottom both sides of the plate face of steel plate 1 respectively
The diameter of pin 7 matches, a diameter of 1.5mm of positioning hole.Incline in the axis of positioning hole 3 outside of shin bone 8 oriented with the plate face of steel plate 1
Rake angle, the axis of positioning hole 3 and the angle of inclination of the plate face of steel plate 1 are 45-60 degree.Positioning hole 3 changes existing positioning hole 3
The Normal practice of vertical steel plate 1, it can to use without Kirschner wire 7 is percutaneously passed through into heel string during 7 fixation steel plate 1 of Kirschner wire, gram
Family name's pin 7 can enter from heel string side, and steel plate 1 and shin bone 8 are fixed.
Shown in figure, the extended line of the axis of positioning hole 3 is located in the gap between the lock hole 2 of steel plate 1, avoids and adds
Screw 5 and the 7 cross one another situation of Kirschner wire of positioning is pressed to occur.
Shown in figure, the length of sleeve 4 is 1-2cm, the internal diameter phase of the external diameter of the one end of sleeve 4 and the lock hole 2 of steel plate 1
Match somebody with somebody, the external diameter of the other end and the internal diameter of drilling positioner match, and the internal diameter of sleeve 4 and the external diameter of drill bit match.
The screw thread that there are screw thread and lock hole 2 in one end of sleeve 4 matches, the other end of sleeve 4 and matching used drilling
One end of locator is relative, and the drilling positioner that the present invention uses is that lower tibiofibula screw broken nail takes out locator 9.The work of sleeve 4
With being to squeeze into shin bone 8 for forcing screw 5 to be positioned, forcing screw 5 needs to use lower tibiofibula screw broken nail to take when squeezing into shin bone 8
Go out locator 9, lower tibiofibula screw broken nail takes out the Chinese Patent Application No. 201521134702.5 of locator 9, belongs to existing skill
Art, it can be used for the operation that fracture both sides position with drilling.Before squeezing into forcing screw 5, by one end of sleeve 4 and steel plate 1
Lock hole 2 be threadedly coupled, the other end of sleeve 4 and matching used lower tibiofibula screw broken nail take out one end phase of locator 9
To connection, the other end that lower tibiofibula screw broken nail takes out locator 9 is located at before shin bone 8, and forcing screw 5 is along lower tibiofibula screw
The instruction that broken nail takes out the other end of locator 9 is squeezed into before shin bone 8, and the design that lower tibiofibula screw broken nail takes out locator 9 can
With ensure forcing screw 5 pass through shin bone 8 after it is accurately relative with the lock hole 2 of sleeve 4.
Shown in figure, the distance between the length of forcing screw 5 and shin bone rear portion and tibial anterior match, forcing screw
5 front ends have screw thread to match with the screw thread of lock hole 2, and there is screw thread the rear end of forcing screw 5, and pressurizing nut 6 is cased with screw thread, and pressurize spiral shell
Mother 6 is adjacent to tibial anterior, for pressurized operation, there is the hexagon of turn forcing screw on the spiro rod rear end face of forcing screw 5
Or plum blossom connected in star.In use, rotating the groove of the spiro rod rear end of forcing screw 5 with instruments such as inner hexagon spanners, make pressurization spiral shell
The locking of lock hole 2 of nail 5 and steel plate 1 connects, and then suitably screws pressurizing nut 6, realizes and back ankle fracture block is pressurizeed and supported
Double action.Forcing screw 5 is taken out from the front of shin bone 8 when taking out steel plate 1, avoids and pressurization spiral shell is taken out by ankle-joint rear
The defects of following closely 5 easy slide fastener.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows：
From the lock hole 2 at 1 far and near end of steel plate, 4 screwed one end of sleeve is connected with the lock hole 2 of steel plate 1 successively, art
After middle C-arm perspective is shown in the position suitable of steel plate 1, skeletal fixation steel plate is penetrated by positioning hole 3 with a diameter of 1.5mm Kirschner wire
1 position；Lower tibiofibula screw broken nail taking-up locator 9 is connected with the other end of sleeve 4, taken out by lower tibiofibula screw broken nail
The positioning of locator 9, the anchor point drilling in the front side of shin bone 8；Then, remove lower tibiofibula screw broken nail and take out locator 9 and set
Cylinder 4, depth measurement, it is screwed into forcing screw 5 and is connected with the locking of steel plate 1, and moderately pressurizes.Same procedure is screwed into an appropriate number of add successively
Press screw 5.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, it is characterised in that：It includes steel plate（1）, sleeve（4）With
Forcing screw（5）, steel plate（1）For Long Circle plate face, steel plate（1）Plate face lower end to curving, crooked radian and shin bone（8）
Lower end rear radian matches, steel plate（1）Plate face on along steel plate（1）Length direction has 3-6 lock hole（2）, lock hole
（2）Screw thread and forcing screw（5）Screw thread match, steel plate（1）The top and bottom both sides of plate face have positioning hole respectively
（3）, positioning hole（3）Aperture and Kirschner wire（7）Diameter match, sleeve（4）One end have screw thread and lock hole（2）Spiral shell
Line matches, sleeve（4）The other end it is relative with one end of matching used drilling positioner connection.
2. the rear ankle according to claim 1 suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, it is characterised in that：The positioning
Hole（3）Axis and steel plate（1）The oriented shin bone of plate face（8）The angle of inclination in outside, positioning hole（3）Axis and steel plate（1）Plate
The angle of inclination in face is 45-60 degree, positioning hole（3）The extended line of axis be located at steel plate（1）Lock hole（2）Between gap
In.
3. the rear ankle according to claim 2 suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, it is characterised in that：The pressurization
Screw（5）The distance between length and shin bone rear portion and tibial anterior match, forcing screw（5）There are screw thread and locking in front end
Hole（2）Screw thread matches, forcing screw（5）There is screw thread rear end, and pressurizing nut is cased with screw thread（6）, forcing screw（5）Screw rod
There is turn forcing screw on rear end face（5）Groove.
4. the rear ankle according to claim 3 suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate, it is characterised in that：The sleeve
（4）Length be 1-2cm, sleeve（4）The external diameter and steel plate of sleeve one end（1）Lock hole（2）Internal diameter match, the other end
External diameter and the internal diameter of drilling positioner match, sleeve（4）Internal diameter and the external diameter of drill bit match.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710708581.8A CN107468325A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710708581.8A CN107468325A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107468325A true CN107468325A (en) | 2017-12-15 |
Family
ID=60601037
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710708581.8A Withdrawn CN107468325A (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | A kind of rear ankle suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery dissects locking steel plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107468325A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110693596A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-17 | 四川合顺微创科技有限公司 | External guiding device of humerus condyle epiphysis dissociation fracture minimally invasive surgery with adjustable angle |
| CN112367937A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-02-12 | 先锋外科技术公司 | Bone plating system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202376210U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-08-15 | 邓强 | Fixing forceps for treating anklebone fracture disposition and distal tibiofibular diastasis |
| CN203885605U (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-22 | 王维山 | Distal tibia anteromedial anatomic locking plate |
| CN205234612U (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2016-05-18 | 重庆医科大学附属永川医院 | Internal malleolus steel sheet fixing system |
| CN205268269U (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 武永富 | Shin calf screw is followed closely absolutely and is taken out locator down |
| CN209107542U (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-07-16 | 冯建书 | A kind of rear ankle dissection locking steel plate suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery |
-
2017
- 2017-08-17 CN CN201710708581.8A patent/CN107468325A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202376210U (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2012-08-15 | 邓强 | Fixing forceps for treating anklebone fracture disposition and distal tibiofibular diastasis |
| CN203885605U (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-10-22 | 王维山 | Distal tibia anteromedial anatomic locking plate |
| CN205234612U (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2016-05-18 | 重庆医科大学附属永川医院 | Internal malleolus steel sheet fixing system |
| CN205268269U (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-01 | 武永富 | Shin calf screw is followed closely absolutely and is taken out locator down |
| CN209107542U (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2019-07-16 | 冯建书 | A kind of rear ankle dissection locking steel plate suitable for Minimally Invasive Surgery |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112367937A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-02-12 | 先锋外科技术公司 | Bone plating system |
| CN110693596A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-01-17 | 四川合顺微创科技有限公司 | External guiding device of humerus condyle epiphysis dissociation fracture minimally invasive surgery with adjustable angle |
| CN110693596B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2024-05-28 | 四川合顺微创科技有限公司 | Angle-adjustable external guiding device for minimally invasive operation of humeral condyle epiphyseal fracture |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20171215 |
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| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |