CN107465864B - Image pickup apparatus and image processing method - Google Patents
Image pickup apparatus and image processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107465864B CN107465864B CN201610390942.4A CN201610390942A CN107465864B CN 107465864 B CN107465864 B CN 107465864B CN 201610390942 A CN201610390942 A CN 201610390942A CN 107465864 B CN107465864 B CN 107465864B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
- H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
Abstract
The invention discloses a photographic device and an image processing method, which are used for processing a first image shot by a camera, and the image processing method comprises the following steps: reading the first image; and modifying the first image into an output image and outputting the output image to an image output interface, wherein the result value of each pixel in the output image is the value obtained by subtracting a threshold value from the brightness value of each pixel in the first image or is zero. The invention aims to reduce the interference of visible light in infrared light images and enable a user to obtain more correct infrared light images.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a technology applied to an image capturing apparatus, and more particularly, to an image capturing apparatus and an image processing method.
Background
In the imaging and sensitization technology of digital images, the sensitization element has sensitization capability to light of a wide range wave band, so that the sensitization element is required to be arranged in a corresponding filtering element according to light of a target wave band to be imaged, and the sensitization element can be used for obtaining correct images. For example, in a visible light camera or a visible light camera, a band-pass filter (band-pass filter) or a low-pass filter (IR cut filter) corresponding to visible light is installed in front of a photosensitive element, and after light passes through an optical lens group, the light is transmitted through the band-pass filter or the low-pass filter to filter out unnecessary light, and then the light is transmitted through a Bayer filter and then irradiates the photosensitive element, so that the photosensitive element responds to obtain an image. In an infrared camera or an infrared camera, a band-pass filter (IR band-pass filter) corresponding to infrared light is installed in front of a photosensitive element, so that other light rays except the infrared light in incident light are filtered, and the photosensitive element only responds to the infrared light, so that a correct infrared image is obtained. In order to reduce the cost of the camera and the camera, a hybrid camera combining an infrared camera and a visible light camera is successfully developed, wherein, in order to obtain a visible light image and an infrared image from a photosensitive element, the filter element must use a dual band-pass filter (dual band-pass filter) to allow both visible light and infrared light to pass through the filter element, so that a single set of the camera can obtain both visible light and infrared light images by using the physical structure and parts thereof. However, since the photosensitive element responds to both visible light and infrared light, when both visible light and infrared light enter the camera, the pixels originally expected to be used for sensing infrared light also respond to visible light, so that the infrared light image is distorted due to visible light interference, and abnormal imaging occurs in abnormal areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a photographic device and an image processing method, which are used for solving the problem that an infrared image is distorted due to visible light interference in the prior art.
The invention provides an image processing method for processing a first image shot by a camera, comprising the following steps: reading the first image; and modifying the first image into an output image and outputting the output image to an image output interface, wherein the result value of each pixel in the output image is the value obtained by subtracting a threshold value from the brightness value of each pixel in the first image or is zero.
The invention provides an image processing method, which is used for processing a plurality of pixels obtained by shooting of a camera, wherein the pixels are combined into a first image, and the image processing method comprises the following steps: reading the brightness value of the pixel in the first image; comparing the brightness value of the pixel with a threshold value; outputting zero as a result value corresponding to at least one pixel in an output image if the brightness value of the at least one pixel in the first image is less than the threshold value; and outputting the output image to an image output interface.
The invention provides a camera device, which comprises a camera capable of shooting a first image; and an image processor, coupled to the camera, for modifying the first image into an output image after reading the first image, and outputting the output image to an image output interface, wherein a result value of each pixel in the output image is a value obtained by subtracting a threshold value from a brightness value of each pixel in the first image or is zero.
The invention provides a camera device, which comprises a camera head which can be operated to shoot and obtain a plurality of pixels, wherein the pixels can be combined into a first image; an image processor, coupled to the camera, for reading a brightness value of the pixel in the first image and comparing the brightness value of the pixel with a threshold, and outputting zero as a result value corresponding to the at least one pixel in an output image and outputting the output image to an image output interface if the brightness value of the at least one pixel in the first image is smaller than the threshold.
Based on the technical scheme, the invention aims to reduce the interference of visible light in the infrared light image and enable a user to obtain a more correct infrared light image.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an image capturing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hybrid Bayer filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a table showing the relationship between the average luminance value of the pixels in the second image and the threshold according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an operating method of an image capturing apparatus according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
100-an image pickup device;
102-camera;
104-filter combination;
106 to the photosensitive element;
110 to an image processor;
112 to a memory;
114-image output interface;
a-a specific coefficient;
s10, S20, S30, S40 and S50.
Detailed Description
Methods of making and using various embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail below. It should be noted, however, that the many possible inventive concepts provided by the present invention may be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts. These specific examples are intended to be merely illustrative of the methods of making and using the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an image capturing apparatus 100 according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the camera device 100 may be disposed on various computer system configurations (configurations), such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, a personal digital assistant, a notebook computer, and the like. The image capturing device 100 includes a camera 102, a filter assembly 104, a photosensitive element 106, an image processor 110, a memory 112, and an image output interface 114. The camera 102 is typically a lens assembly composed of one or more pieces of optical glass. For example, it is generally composed of concave lens, convex lens or their combination. The camera 102 is used for focusing a light beam onto the photosensitive element 106 after receiving the light beam, and transmitting the light beam through the filter assembly 104 before the light beam irradiates the photosensitive element 106. The filter combination 104 is composed of different filters (e.g., band pass filters, dual band pass filters, low pass filters, or hybrid bayer filters, and the like). In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter assembly 104 comprises a dual band-pass filter (dual band-pass filter) and a hybrid Bayer filter (Bayer filter). The dual band pass filter passes only light of a specific frequency band. In one embodiment of the present invention, the band pass filter only passes visible light and infrared light. The detailed construction of the hybrid bayer filter is illustrated in fig. 2, and thus the present invention will not be described herein. The photosensitive element 106 may be a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) sensor or a Charge-coupled Device (CCD). In one embodiment of the present invention, the photosensitive element 106 includes at least one first block corresponding to (the hybrid bayer filter of) the filter assembly 104 and at least one second block corresponding to (the hybrid bayer filter of) the filter assembly 104.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid Bayer filter according to the present invention. The hybrid bayer filter is composed of a plurality of RGB-IR arrays arranged in a repeating manner. In one embodiment of the present invention, the four RGB-IR arrays form a hybrid bayer filter, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The RGB-IR array is composed of RGB array and IR array. For example, each filter element in the RGB-IR array is represented by a letter, wherein R represents a red filter element, G represents a green filter element, B represents a blue filter element, and IR represents an infrared filter element, each filter element being capable of passing light of a corresponding color or wavelength. The red filter element, the green filter element, the blue filter element and the infrared filter element form an RGB-IR array. In an embodiment of the invention, the hybrid bayer filter includes at least a first block and at least a second block, and the first block and the second block respectively pass through light beams with different specific wavelength bands, so that the light beams with different specific wavelength bands can be transmitted to the photosensitive element 106. In one embodiment of the present invention, the first block is transparent to infrared light (830 nm-870 nm) and the second block is transparent to visible light (400 nm-680 nm). In one embodiment of the present invention, the first image is generated by light passing through at least one first block of the dual bandpass filter and the hybrid bayer filter. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second image is generated by passing light through at least a second block of the dual bandpass filter and the hybrid bayer filter. In an embodiment of the invention, the first image is an infrared image and the second image is a visible image.
Returning to FIG. 1, the image processor 110 may comprise a single central-processing unit (CPU) or multiple parallel processing units associated with a parallel computing environment (parallel processing environment). In an embodiment of the present invention, the image processor 110 modifies the brightness values of the first image from the light sensing device 106 into a plurality of result values of an output image according to a threshold, and transmits the result values of the output image to the image output interface 114, which will be described in detail later. The memory 112 is used for storing program modules that can be executed by the image processor 110. The memory 112 includes, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), flash ROM, and/or Random Access Memory (RAM). Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, etc. for performing dynamic information transmission or reception functions. In one embodiment of the present invention, the memory 112 is used for storing the threshold, wherein the threshold can be changed with different environments or a fixed value. In another embodiment of the present invention, the memory 112 may further store a corresponding relationship table for storing the relationship between the average luminance value of the pixel in the second image and the threshold, as described in detail in fig. 3, and therefore, the present invention is not described herein. The image output interface 114 is used for receiving a plurality of result values of the output image, so that other components (not shown) in the image capturing apparatus 100 perform a series of backend processing processes. For example, the back-end processing may include a color correction (color correction), a gamma correction (gamma correction), and/or an edge enhancement (edge enhancement).
In an embodiment of the invention, after reading the brightness value of each pixel in the first image, the image processor 110 modifies the first image into an output image and outputs the output image to an image output interface, where the output image has a plurality of result values respectively corresponding to the brightness value of each pixel in the first image, and the result values are generated by subtracting a threshold value from the brightness value of each pixel in the first image, but if any one of the result values has a value smaller than zero, any one of the result values is replaced with zero. For example, if the luminance value of a pixel in the first image is 27 nits and the threshold value is 18 nits, a result value corresponding to the luminance value of the pixel in the first image is 9 nits; the luminance value of another pixel in the first image is 17 nits, the threshold value is 18 nits, and the resulting value corresponding to the luminance value of this other pixel in the first image is 0 nits instead of-1 nits, and so on, so the invention is not described herein in more detail. Finally, the result values received by the image output interface 114 are used by other components (not shown) in the imaging apparatus 100 to perform a series of back-end processing procedures, wherein the method for determining the threshold value is described later.
In another embodiment of the present invention, when the brightness value of each pixel in the first image is lower than a threshold, the image processor 110 sets all the result values in the output image to zero. For example, the luminance value of a pixel in the first image is 5 nits, the threshold value is 18 nits, and one of the result values is 0 nits instead of-13 nits; another pixel in the first image has a luminance value of 3 nits and a threshold value of 18 nits, while another of the plurality of result values is 0 nits instead of-15 nits. Accordingly, the invention will not be described in detail herein. Finally, the image output interface 114 receives the result values so that other components (not shown) in the imaging apparatus 100 perform a series of back-end processing procedures.
In an embodiment of the present invention, since the filter assembly 104 may be composed of a plurality of different materials, the threshold value is determined according to the material type of the filter assembly 104. That is, the threshold value is a fixed value when the imaging apparatus 100 is shipped from the factory. However, even if the filter assembly 104 is composed of the same material, the spectral characteristics thereof will be slightly different due to the different material composition ratios. In an embodiment of the invention, the threshold is a fixed value between 10% and 20% of a luminance value of the brightest pixel in the first image. For example, if a luminance value of the brightest pixel in the first image is 10 nits, the threshold value is a fixed value between 1 nit and 2 nits. In another embodiment of the present invention, the threshold is a fixed value between 1% and 10% of a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image. For example, if a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image is 100 nits, the threshold is a fixed value between 1 nit and 10 nits. In another embodiment of the present invention, the threshold value is 1.66% of a theoretical maximum brightness value of any pixel in the first image, wherein the theoretical maximum brightness value is a maximum value of brightness of any pixel from full dark to full bright after the pixel is irradiated by light. For example, if a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image is 100 nits, the threshold is 1.66 nits.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the threshold value is determined according to the environment in which the imaging apparatus 100 is located. That is, the image capturing apparatus 100 may have different thresholds under different environments. For example, the camera 102 captures a first image and a second image simultaneously, the first image and the second image are respectively recorded with the same object by light beams with different wavelengths, and the value of the threshold varies according to the brightness values of different pixels in the second image. In another embodiment of the present invention, the value of the threshold varies according to the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image. Fig. 3 shows a corresponding relationship between the average luminance value of the pixels in the second image and the threshold.
FIG. 3 is a table showing the correspondence between the average luminance value of the pixels in the second image and the threshold according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0 nit to 0.05 nit, the corresponding threshold value is 12 nit; when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0.05 nit to 0.10 nit, the corresponding threshold value is 14 nit; when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0.10 nit to 0.15 nit, the average brightness value corresponds to a threshold value of 16 nit; when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0.15 nit to 0.20 nit, the corresponding threshold value is 18 nit; when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0.20 nit to 0.25 nit, the corresponding threshold is 20 nit, and the following corresponding relationship can be analogized, but the invention is not limited thereto. In another embodiment of the present invention, the threshold is calculated by a mathematical formula from the average brightness of the pixels in the second image. For example, when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0.05 nit, the image processor 110 multiplies 0.05 nit by a specific coefficient a to calculate the obtained result 0.05a nit as the corresponding threshold; when the average brightness value of the pixels in the second image is 0.25 nit, the image processor 110 multiplies 0.25 nit by a specific coefficient a, and then calculates the obtained result 0.25a nit as the corresponding threshold, and the following corresponding relationship can be analogized, but the invention is not limited thereto.
In the above-described embodiment, the luminance value is described in nits, but in digital photography, the output obtained by the photosensitive element may also be directly expressed in digital form, and therefore, the luminance value of the pixel may be actually expressed in digital form of, for example, 10bits or 8bits, without affecting the specific implementation of the foregoing embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of an operation method of the image capturing apparatus 100 according to the present invention. First, in step S10, the camera 102 receives a light beam and transmits the light beam to the filter assembly 104. Next, the process proceeds to step S20. In step S20, the light is transmitted through a dual band-pass filter and a hybrid bayer filter in the filter assembly 104 and then irradiates onto the photosensitive element 106, wherein the dual band-pass filter has a first band and a second band for the light to pass through, the first band has an infrared wavelength, the second band has a visible wavelength, the hybrid bayer filter has a repeating arrangement of light splitting units, the light splitting units have a first block and a second block, the first block is for the infrared light to pass through, and the second block is for the visible light to pass through. Next, the process proceeds to step S30. In step S30, the photosensitive element transmits the first image to the image processor 110. Next, the process proceeds to step S40. In step S40, after the image processor 110 reads the first image, it modifies the first image into an output image and outputs the output image to an image output interface 114, wherein the result value of each pixel in the output image is the larger of the following two luminance values: a threshold value lower than the brightness value of each pixel in the first image; and (4) zero. Finally, the process proceeds to step S50. In step S50, the image output interface 114 receives the result of outputting the image so that other components (not shown) in the imaging apparatus 100 can perform a series of back-end processing.
The methods of the present invention, or certain aspects or portions thereof, may take the form of program code. The program code may be stored in a tangible medium, such as a floppy disk, a compact disk, a hard disk, or any other machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable) storage medium, or may be embodied in a computer program product, which, when loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention. The program code may also be transmitted over some transmission medium, such as over electrical wiring or cabling, through fiber optics, or via any other form of transmission, wherein, when the program code is received and loaded into and executed by a machine, such as a computer, the machine becomes an apparatus for practicing the invention. When implemented in a general-purpose processing unit, the program code combines with the processing unit to provide a unique apparatus that operates analogously to specific logic circuits.
While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, it is not necessary for any embodiment or claim of the invention to achieve all of the objects or advantages or features disclosed herein. In addition, the abstract and the title of the invention are provided for assisting the search of patent documents and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. An image processing method for processing a first image captured by a camera, the image processing method comprising:
reading the first image; and
modifying the first image into an output image and outputting the output image to an image output interface, wherein the result value of each pixel in the output image is the value obtained by subtracting a threshold value from the brightness value of each pixel in the first image or is zero;
wherein the camera also takes a second image while taking the first image, the first image and the second image are respectively recorded with the same shot object by light beams with different wavelengths, and the value of the threshold value is changed according to the brightness values of different pixels in the second image;
the first image is an infrared image and the second image is a visible image.
2. An image processing method for processing a plurality of pixels captured by a camera, the plurality of pixels being combined into a first image, the image processing method comprising:
reading the brightness value of the pixel in the first image;
comparing the brightness value of the pixel with a threshold value;
outputting zero as a result value corresponding to at least one pixel in an output image if the brightness value of the at least one pixel in the first image is less than the threshold value; and
outputting the output image to an image output interface;
wherein the camera also takes a second image while taking the first image, the first image and the second image are respectively recorded with the same shot object by light beams with different wavelengths, and the value of the threshold value is changed according to the brightness values of different pixels in the second image;
the first image is an infrared image and the second image is a visible image.
3. The image processing method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the threshold is between 10% and 20% of a luminance value of a brightest pixel in the first image.
4. The image processing method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the threshold is between 1% and 10% of a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image.
5. The image processing method as claimed in any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the threshold is 1.66% of a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image.
6. The image processing method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnitude of the threshold varies according to an average luminance value of pixels in the second image.
7. An image pickup apparatus, comprising:
a camera operable to capture a first image;
an image processor, coupled to the camera, for modifying the first image into an output image after reading the first image, and outputting the output image to an image output interface, wherein a result value of each pixel in the output image is a value obtained by subtracting a threshold value from a brightness value of each pixel in the first image or is zero;
wherein the camera also takes a second image while taking the first image, the first image and the second image are respectively recorded with the same shot object by light beams with different wavelengths, and the value of the threshold value is changed according to the brightness values of different pixels in the second image;
the first image is an infrared image and the second image is a visible image.
8. An image pickup apparatus, comprising:
a camera operable to capture a plurality of pixels, the plurality of pixels capable of being combined into a first image;
an image processor, coupled to the camera, for reading a brightness value of the pixel in the first image and comparing the brightness value of the pixel with a threshold, and outputting zero as a result value corresponding to the at least one pixel in an output image and outputting the output image to an image output interface if the brightness value of the at least one pixel in the first image is smaller than the threshold;
wherein the camera also takes a second image while taking the first image, the first image and the second image are respectively recorded with the same shot object by light beams with different wavelengths, and the value of the threshold value is changed according to the brightness values of different pixels in the second image;
the first image is an infrared image and the second image is a visible image.
9. The image capturing apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein the threshold is between 10% and 20% of a luminance value of a brightest pixel in the first image.
10. The image capturing apparatus of claim 7 or 8, wherein the threshold is between 1% and 10% of a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image.
11. The image capturing apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the threshold value is 1.66% of a theoretical maximum luminance value of any pixel in the first image.
12. The image capturing apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the threshold value varies in magnitude according to an average luminance value of pixels in the second image.
13. The image pickup device according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a dual band-pass filter, a hybrid bayer filter, and a photosensitive element, wherein the dual band-pass filter, the hybrid bayer filter, and the photosensitive element are arranged together so that a light beam can be irradiated onto the photosensitive element after passing through the dual band-pass filter and the hybrid bayer filter, the dual band-pass filter has a first band and a second band through which the light beam can pass, the first band has an infrared wavelength, the second band has a visible wavelength, the hybrid bayer filter has a repeating arrangement of a light splitting unit having a first block and a second block, the first block is transparent to the infrared light, and the second block is transparent to the visible light, the first image is generated after the light passes through the dual band-pass filter and the first block.
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