CN107465193B - Dispatching control method for alternating current-direct current power distribution network considering source storage load - Google Patents

Dispatching control method for alternating current-direct current power distribution network considering source storage load Download PDF

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CN107465193B
CN107465193B CN201710720057.2A CN201710720057A CN107465193B CN 107465193 B CN107465193 B CN 107465193B CN 201710720057 A CN201710720057 A CN 201710720057A CN 107465193 B CN107465193 B CN 107465193B
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齐琛
李国杰
汪可友
冯琳
韩蓓
程益生
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Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract

一种计及源储荷的交直流配电网的调度控制方法。所述控制方法分为局部调度层和区域调度层：局部调度层位于各个交、直流配电网区域内部，区域调度层为整体交直流混合配电网。在局部调度层对可再生分布式电源与储能单元联合出力以及电动汽车充电负荷进行优化调度；区域调度层利用分布式优化方法，对配电网内的可控分布式发电以及各个交、直流配电网区域之间的交换功率进行调度，获得最优调度控制方案。所述调度控制方法可以优化配电网供电方式，以实现计及源储荷的交直流配电网内电能的优化利用。

Figure 201710720057

A dispatching control method for AC and DC distribution network considering source and storage load. The control method is divided into a local dispatch layer and a regional dispatch layer: the local dispatch layer is located inside each AC and DC distribution network area, and the regional dispatch layer is the overall AC/DC hybrid distribution network. In the local dispatch layer, the joint output of the renewable distributed power source and the energy storage unit and the electric vehicle charging load are optimally dispatched; the regional dispatch layer uses the distributed optimization method to control the controllable distributed generation in the distribution network and the various AC and DC power generation in the distribution network. The exchange power between the distribution network areas is scheduled to obtain the optimal scheduling control scheme. The dispatching control method can optimize the power supply mode of the distribution network, so as to realize the optimal utilization of the electric energy in the AC and DC distribution network considering the source and storage load.

Figure 201710720057

Description

计及源储荷的交直流配电网的调度控制方法Dispatching control method of AC and DC distribution network considering source and storage load

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及交直流分区运行的混合配电网，特别是一种计及源储荷的交直流配电网的调度控制方法。The invention relates to a hybrid distribution network operating in AC and DC partitions, in particular to a dispatching control method for an AC and DC distribution network that takes into account source and load storage.

背景技术Background technique

以分布式发电为代表的新兴电网技术推动了主动配电网的发展，利用柔性直流技术，构建交直流混合的主动配电网，是具有良好发展前景的方向。在典型的交直流混合配电网中，若干交流区域通过柔性直流换流站和直流配电网区域实现互联，各个配电网区域一方面协作运行，另一方面又有很强的自主性。Emerging power grid technologies represented by distributed generation have promoted the development of active distribution networks. Using flexible DC technology to build an active distribution network with AC and DC hybrids is a direction with good development prospects. In a typical AC/DC hybrid distribution network, several AC areas are interconnected through flexible DC converter stations and DC distribution network areas. On the one hand, each distribution network area operates cooperatively, and on the other hand, it has strong autonomy.

在交直流混合主动配电网中，一方面具有可再生能源发电、储能单元、电动汽车可调充电负荷以及可控分布式电源等多种具有主动性或调控能力的参与设备，需要合理调度其运行计划。另一方面交直流分区互联的电网结构不同于传统的交流配电网，需要采用与之相适应的调度控制方法，以更好地实现其能量优化管理。In the AC/DC hybrid active distribution network, on the one hand, there are various participating equipments with active or control capabilities, such as renewable energy generation, energy storage units, adjustable charging loads for electric vehicles, and controllable distributed power sources, which need to be reasonably dispatched. its operation plan. On the other hand, the grid structure of AC-DC partition interconnection is different from the traditional AC distribution network, and it is necessary to adopt the appropriate dispatching control method to better realize its energy optimization management.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是提供一种计及源储荷的交直流配电网的调度控制方法。通过分层调度，有序控制不同类型的分布式电源、储能和负荷的功率流动；通过分区调度，协调各个交、直流配电网区域之间的功率交换。总体上实现整体交直流混合配电网内的能量优化管理。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dispatching control method for an AC/DC power distribution network that takes into account the source and storage loads. Through hierarchical scheduling, the power flow of different types of distributed power sources, energy storage and loads is controlled in an orderly manner; through partition scheduling, the power exchange between various AC and DC distribution network regions is coordinated. In general, the energy optimization management in the overall AC-DC hybrid distribution network is realized.

为实现上述目的，本发明的技术解决方案如下：For achieving the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

一种计及源储荷的交直流配电网调度控制方法，其特征在于，包含以下步骤：A method for dispatching and controlling an AC/DC distribution network considering source and load storage, characterized in that it includes the following steps:

1)根据交直流配电网的结构特点，将其调度控制范围划分为局部调度层和区域调度层，所述的局部调度层位于各个交流配电网区域或直流配电网区域内部，具体调度对象为可再生能源发电和储能的联合出力和电动汽车的充电负荷；所述的区域调度层为整体交直流混合配电网，调度对象为可控分布式电源出力和各个交、直流配电网区域之间的交换功率；1) According to the structural characteristics of the AC/DC distribution network, its dispatching control scope is divided into a local dispatch layer and a regional dispatch layer. The local dispatch layer is located in each AC distribution network area or inside the DC distribution network area. The objects are the combined output of renewable energy power generation and energy storage and the charging load of electric vehicles; the regional dispatch layer is the overall AC/DC hybrid distribution network, and the dispatch objects are the output of controllable distributed power sources and the individual AC and DC power distribution. exchange power between network areas;

2)根据负荷预测结果，对配电网内各网络节点的功率数据进行初始化；2) According to the load prediction result, initialize the power data of each network node in the distribution network;

3)分别在各个配电网区域内部建立针对可再生能源发电和储能的联合出力的优化模型，并进行求解，其模型优化目标为：3) Establish an optimization model for the combined output of renewable energy power generation and energy storage in each distribution network area, and solve it. The model optimization objectives are:

Figure BDA0001384760440000011
Figure BDA0001384760440000011

其中，α和β为优化目标的权重系数，NT为调度时段集合，ρjoi(t)和Pjoi(t)分别为可再生能源和储能在时段t的联合售电价格和联合出力；Among them, α and β are the weight coefficients of the optimization objective, N T is the set of dispatching periods, and ρ joi (t) and P joi (t) are the combined electricity sales price and joint output of renewable energy and energy storage in period t, respectively;

4)根据步骤3)的优化求解结果，更新配电网内各节点的功率数据；4) According to the optimization solution result of step 3), update the power data of each node in the distribution network;

5)分别在各个配电网区域内部，建立针对电动汽车充电负荷的优化模型，并进行求解，其模型优化目标为：5) In each distribution network area, an optimization model for the charging load of electric vehicles is established and solved, and the optimization objectives of the model are:

Figure BDA0001384760440000021
Figure BDA0001384760440000021

其中，γ和κ分别为优化目标的权重系数，NT为调度时段集合，nev为电动汽车充电站数量，ρEV(t)和PEV，i(t)分别为时段t的电动汽车充电价格和第i个充电站的充电功率，PL(t)为时段t区域内的总负荷；Among them, γ and κ are the weight coefficients of the optimization objective, respectively, N T is the set of scheduling time periods, n ev is the number of electric vehicle charging stations, ρ EV (t) and P EV, i (t) are the electric vehicle charging in time period t, respectively The price and the charging power of the i-th charging station, PL (t) is the total load in the area of time period t;

6)根据步骤5)的求解结果，更新配电网内各节点的功率数据；6) According to the solution result of step 5), update the power data of each node in the distribution network;

7)分别针对各个交流配电网区域、直流配电网区域和柔性直流换流站区域，建立优化调度模型：7) Establish optimal scheduling models for each AC distribution network area, DC distribution network area and flexible DC converter station area respectively:

第i个交流配电网区域的调度目标为：The dispatching objective of the i-th AC distribution network area is:

Figure BDA0001384760440000022
Figure BDA0001384760440000022

其中，NT为调度时段集合，DGACx为区域内可控分布式电源的集合，

Figure BDA0001384760440000023
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000024
分别为时段t第j个可控分布式电源的发电成本和功率，ρgrid,i(t)和Pgrid，i(t)分别为时段t配电网从上级电网购买电力的成本和功率，ρAC,i(t)为时段t交流配电网区域向直流配电网区域传输电力的成本，
Figure BDA0001384760440000025
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000026
分别为时段t由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000027
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000028
分别为时段t由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的无功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000029
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000210
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000211
分别为罚函数的系数，Among them, NT is the set of scheduling time periods, DG ACx is the set of controllable distributed power sources in the area,
Figure BDA0001384760440000023
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000024
are the power generation cost and power of the jth controllable distributed power source in period t, respectively, ρ grid,i (t) and P grid, i (t) are the cost and power of the power distribution network purchasing power from the upper-level grid in period t, respectively, ρ AC,i (t) is the cost of power transmission from the AC distribution network area to the DC distribution network area at time period t,
Figure BDA0001384760440000025
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000026
are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network during the period t, respectively,
Figure BDA0001384760440000027
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000028
are the reactive power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network at time t, respectively,
Figure BDA0001384760440000029
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000210
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000211
are the coefficients of the penalty function, respectively,

直流配电网区域的调度目标为：The dispatching objectives of the DC distribution network area are:

Figure BDA00013847604400000212
Figure BDA00013847604400000212

其中，NT为调度时段集合，DGDC为区域内可控分布式电源的集合，

Figure BDA00013847604400000213
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000214
分别为时段t第j个可控分布式电源的发电成本和功率，AC为直流配电网区域所连交流配电网区域的集合，ρDC,i(t)为时段t直流配电网区域从第i个交流配电网区域购买电力的成本，
Figure BDA0001384760440000031
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000032
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和直流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000033
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000034
分别为罚函数的系数；Among them, NT is the set of scheduling time periods, DG DC is the set of controllable distributed power sources in the region,
Figure BDA00013847604400000213
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000214
are the generation cost and power of the j-th controllable distributed power source in period t, respectively, AC is the set of AC distribution network areas connected to the DC distribution network area, ρ DC,i (t) is the DC distribution network area in period t The cost of purchasing electricity from the ith AC distribution grid area,
Figure BDA0001384760440000031
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000032
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the DC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000033
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000034
are the coefficients of the penalty function, respectively;

第i个柔性直流换流站(VSCi)的调度目标为：The scheduling objectives of the i-th flexible DC converter station (VSC i ) are:

Figure BDA0001384760440000035
Figure BDA0001384760440000035

其中，NT为调度时段集合，ρAC,i(t)为时段t交流配电网区域向直流配电网区域传输电力的成本，ρDC,i(t)为时段t直流配电网区域从第i个交流配电网区域购买电力的成本，

Figure BDA0001384760440000036
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000037
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000038
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000039
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的无功功率，
Figure BDA00013847604400000310
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000311
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和直流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA00013847604400000312
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000313
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000314
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000315
分别为罚函数的系数；Among them, N T is the set of scheduling time periods, ρ AC,i (t) is the cost of transmitting power from the AC distribution network area to the DC distribution network area at time period t, and ρ DC,i (t) is the time period t DC distribution network area. The cost of purchasing electricity from the ith AC distribution grid area,
Figure BDA0001384760440000036
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000037
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000038
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000039
The respective time periods t are the reactive power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure BDA00013847604400000310
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000311
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the DC distribution network,
Figure BDA00013847604400000312
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000313
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000314
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000315
are the coefficients of the penalty function, respectively;

8)采用分布式优化调度方法进行求解，以获得整体交直流混合配电网的调度控制结果，其具体步骤如下：8) The distributed optimal scheduling method is used to solve the problem to obtain the scheduling control results of the overall AC-DC hybrid distribution network. The specific steps are as follows:

8.1)设定内层循环序号KI＝0，外层循环序号KO＝0，选定罚函数系数

Figure BDA00013847604400000316
初值、权重
Figure BDA00013847604400000317
初值和柔性直流换流站的共享变量
Figure BDA00013847604400000318
8.1) Set the inner loop number KI=0, the outer loop number KO=0, and select the penalty function coefficient
Figure BDA00013847604400000316
initial value, weight
Figure BDA00013847604400000317
Initial value and shared variables of flexible DC converter station
Figure BDA00013847604400000318

8.2)设定KI＝KI+1，求解每个交流配电网区域的优化问题，此时

Figure BDA00013847604400000319
作为决策变量，
Figure BDA00013847604400000320
同时求解直流配电网区域的优化问题，此时
Figure BDA00013847604400000321
作为决策变量，
Figure BDA00013847604400000322
从上一次循环中获得；8.2) Set KI=KI+1, solve the optimization problem of each AC distribution network area, at this time
Figure BDA00013847604400000319
as a decision variable,
Figure BDA00013847604400000320
At the same time, the optimization problem of the DC distribution network area is solved, at this time
Figure BDA00013847604400000321
as a decision variable,
Figure BDA00013847604400000322
obtained from the previous loop;

8.3)求解柔性直流换流站区域的优化问题，此时

Figure BDA00013847604400000323
作为决策变量，
Figure BDA00013847604400000324
从步骤8.2)获得；8.3) Solve the optimization problem of the flexible HVDC converter station area, at this time
Figure BDA00013847604400000323
as a decision variable,
Figure BDA00013847604400000324
Obtained from step 8.2);

8.4)判断内层循环是否收敛：设定内层循环收敛判断指标为，连续两次内层循环的优化目标求解结果变化小于预设的允许范围ε1，即8.4) Judging whether the inner loop is converged: Set the inner loop convergence judgment index as, the change of the optimization target solution result of the inner loop for two consecutive times is less than the preset allowable range ε 1 , that is,

||fKI-fKI-1||≤ε1 (18)||f KI -f KI-1 ||≤ε 1 (18)

其中，fi表示第i次循环的优化结果构成的向量；若内层循环收敛，则进入步骤8.5)；否则，跳转回步骤8.2)；Among them, f i represents the vector formed by the optimization result of the i-th cycle; if the inner loop converges, go to step 8.5); otherwise, jump back to step 8.2);

8.5)判断外层循环是否收敛：设定外层循环收敛判断指标为，区域间共享变量的不一致偏差cKO小于预设的允许范围ε2，且连续两次优化共享变量不一致偏差的变化小于预设的允许值ε3，即8.5) Judging whether the outer loop has converged: Set the outer loop convergence judgment index as the inconsistency deviation c KO of shared variables between regions is less than the preset allowable range ε 2 , and the change of the inconsistency deviation of shared variables in two consecutive optimizations is less than the predetermined value. Let the allowable value ε 3 , that is

||cKO||≤ε2 (19)||c KO ||≤ε 2 (19)

||cKO-cKO-1||≤ε3 (20)||c KO -c KO-1 ||≤ε 3 (20)

若收敛，则交直流混合配电网分布式优化整体收敛，优化计算结束；否则，跳至步骤8.6)；If it converges, the distributed optimization of the AC/DC hybrid distribution network will converge as a whole, and the optimization calculation will end; otherwise, skip to step 8.6);

8.6)设定KO＝KO+1，更新增广拉格朗日罚函数的系数向量v和权重向量w，方法为：8.6) Set KO=KO+1, update the coefficient vector v and weight vector w of the new generalized Lagrangian penalty function, the method is:

Figure BDA0001384760440000041
Figure BDA0001384760440000041

Figure BDA0001384760440000042
Figure BDA0001384760440000042

其中，γ＝0.25，β≥1；Among them, γ=0.25, β≥1;

8.7)设定

Figure BDA0001384760440000043
KI＝0，跳至步骤8.2)重新开始内层循环。8.7) Setting
Figure BDA0001384760440000043
KI=0, skip to step 8.2) to restart the inner loop.

所述的步骤8)还应当设定最大内层循环次数KImax和最大外层循环KOmax，以防止出现不收敛的情况，即在内层循环和外层循环中分别设定终止条件如下In the step 8), the maximum number of inner loops KI max and the maximum outer loop KO max should also be set to prevent non-convergence, that is, the termination conditions are respectively set in the inner loop and the outer loop as follows:

KI≤KImax (23) KI≤KImax (23)

KO≤KOmax (24)。 KO≤KOmax (24).

本发明的有益效果是：The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明利用分层调度，可以有序利用交直流混合配电网中多种类型的源储荷资源，针对不同类型的可控资源选取不同的调度控制目标，最大化配电网不同参与主体的利益。利用分区调度，可以充分利用交直流混合配电网的结构特点，保障各个配电网区域内部的信息安全，在各个配电网区域独立进行自身调度控制的同时，实现整体交直流混合配电网的整体优化调度。最终，在整体上实现交直流混合配电网内部源储荷的能量优化管理。The present invention utilizes hierarchical scheduling, can orderly utilize various types of source-storage and load resources in the AC-DC hybrid distribution network, selects different scheduling control targets for different types of controllable resources, and maximizes the efficiency of different participants in the distribution network. Benefit. The use of partition scheduling can make full use of the structural characteristics of the AC/DC hybrid distribution network to ensure the information security within each distribution network area. While each distribution network area independently performs its own scheduling control, the overall AC/DC hybrid distribution network The overall optimization scheduling. Finally, the energy optimization management of the internal source and load of the AC-DC hybrid distribution network is realized as a whole.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明调度控制方法示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the scheduling control method of the present invention.

图2是本发明区域调度层分区调度控制流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the partition scheduling control of the regional scheduling layer of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明，但不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by this.

本发明计及源储荷交直流混合配电网优化调度控制方法，通过分层调度，有序控制不同类型的分布式电源、储能和负荷的功率流动；通过分区调度，协调各个交、直流配电网区域之间的功率交换，从而实现整体交直流混合配电网内的能量优化管理。The invention takes into account the optimal dispatching control method of the source-storage-load AC-DC hybrid distribution network, and controls the power flow of different types of distributed power sources, energy storage and loads in an orderly manner through hierarchical scheduling; Power exchange between distribution network areas to achieve optimal energy management within the overall AC/DC hybrid distribution network.

图1是本发明的一个含分布式电源、储能、电动汽车负荷的交直流混合配电网实施例，本发明计及源储荷协同运行的交直流混合配电网优化调度控制方法，具体步骤如下：1 is an embodiment of an AC-DC hybrid distribution network including distributed power sources, energy storage, and electric vehicle loads of the present invention. The present invention takes into account the AC-DC hybrid distribution network optimal scheduling control method for the coordinated operation of source-storage loads. Specifically Proceed as follows:

1)根据交直流配电网的结构特点，将其调度控制范围划分为局部调度层和区域调度层，如图1中，将整个配电网络分成三个交流配电网区域和一个直流配电网区域，所述的交直流区域通过柔直互联，所述的局部调度层位于各个交流配电网区域、直流配电网区域的内部，具体调度对象为可再生能源发电和储能的联合出力以及电动汽车的充电负荷；所述的区域调度层为整体交直流混合配电网，调度对象为可控分布式电源出力和各个交、直流配电网区域之间的交换功率；1) According to the structural characteristics of AC and DC distribution network, its dispatching control scope is divided into local dispatching layer and regional dispatching layer. As shown in Figure 1, the entire distribution network is divided into three AC distribution network areas and one DC distribution network. The said AC and DC areas are interconnected through flexible and direct connections, and the said local dispatch layer is located inside each AC distribution network area and DC distribution network area, and the specific scheduling object is the joint output of renewable energy power generation and energy storage. and the charging load of electric vehicles; the regional dispatching layer is the overall AC/DC hybrid distribution network, and the dispatching objects are the output of the controllable distributed power supply and the exchange power between each AC and DC distribution network area;

2)根据负荷预测结果，对配电网内各节点的功率数据进行初始化；2) According to the load prediction result, initialize the power data of each node in the distribution network;

3)分别在各个配电网区域内部，建立针对可再生能源发电和储能的联合出力的优化模型，并进行求解，其模型优化目标为：3) In each distribution network area, an optimization model for the combined output of renewable energy generation and energy storage is established and solved, and the model optimization objectives are:

Figure BDA0001384760440000051
Figure BDA0001384760440000051

subject to:subject to:

Figure BDA0001384760440000061
Figure BDA0001384760440000061

其中，各符号表示的含义为：Among them, the meaning of each symbol is:

NT——调度时段集合[0,1,2,...,T]N T ——Scheduling period set [0,1,2,...,T]

Δt——时段的长度Δt - the length of the period

α、β——两个优化目标各自的权重系数α, β - the respective weight coefficients of the two optimization objectives

对时段t而言：For time period t:

ρjoi(t)——可再生能源和储能的联合售电价格ρ joi (t)—the combined sales price of renewable energy and energy storage

Pjoi(t)——可再生能源和储能的联合出力P joi (t) - combined output of renewable energy and energy storage

PRDG(t)、

Figure BDA0001384760440000062
——可再生能源的调度发电功率和预测最大发电功率P RDG (t),
Figure BDA0001384760440000062
——Scheduled power generation and predicted maximum power generation of renewable energy

PES,dis(t)、PES,ch(t)——储能装置的放电和充电功率P ES,dis (t), P ES,ch (t)—discharge and charge power of the energy storage device

SOCES(t)——储能装置的荷电状态SOC ES (t) - state of charge of the energy storage device

Figure BDA0001384760440000063
——储能装置的最大放电和充电功率
Figure BDA0001384760440000063
- the maximum discharge and charge power of the energy storage device

ηES,dis、ηES,ch——储能装置的放电效率和充电效率η ES,dis , η ES,ch — the discharge efficiency and the charging efficiency of the energy storage device

εSOC——调度周期结束时储能的荷电状态相对于开始时的允许变化范围。ε SOC ——The allowable variation range of the state of charge of the energy storage at the end of the dispatch period relative to the beginning.

注意到，上述模型的优化主体是某个区域内的一个可再生能源(及储能联合的)发电商，为了简化表述，在上述模型的各个参数符号中省略了对区域编号和可再生能源发电商编号的指定。Note that the optimization subject of the above model is a renewable energy (and energy storage combined) power generator in a certain area. In order to simplify the expression, the area number and renewable energy generation are omitted in the parameters of the above model. Designation of the trader number.

4)根据步骤3)的优化求解结果，更新配电网内各节点功率数据；4) According to the optimization solution result of step 3), update the power data of each node in the distribution network;

5)分别在各个配电网区域内部，建立针对电动汽车充电负荷的优化模型，并进行求解，其模型优化目标为：5) In each distribution network area, an optimization model for the charging load of electric vehicles is established and solved, and the optimization objectives of the model are:

Figure BDA0001384760440000071
Figure BDA0001384760440000071

subject to:subject to:

Figure BDA0001384760440000072
Figure BDA0001384760440000072

其中，in,

NT——调度时段集合[0,1,2,...,T]N T ——Scheduling period set [0,1,2,...,T]

γ、κ——各个目标函数对应的权重γ, κ——the weight corresponding to each objective function

nev——电动汽车充电站的数量n ev - the number of electric vehicle charging stations

对于时段t而言For time period t

ρEV(t)——电动汽车的充电费用ρ EV (t) - the charging cost of an electric vehicle

PEV,i(t)——电动汽车充电站i的充电功率P EV,i (t)——The charging power of the electric vehicle charging station i

PL(t)——区域内的总负荷 PL (t) - total load in the area

PBL(t)——区域内的常规负荷P BL (t) - normal load in the area

Figure BDA0001384760440000073
——区域的最大负荷上限
Figure BDA0001384760440000073
- the maximum load limit of the area

Figure BDA0001384760440000074
——电动汽车充电站i的整体最大充电功率
Figure BDA0001384760440000074
——The overall maximum charging power of the electric vehicle charging station i

Figure BDA0001384760440000075
——电动汽车充电站整体最大、最小累计充电能量
Figure BDA0001384760440000075
——The maximum and minimum cumulative charging energy of the electric vehicle charging station as a whole

ηEV,i——电动汽车充电站i的平均充电效率；η EV,i ——the average charging efficiency of electric vehicle charging station i;

6)根据步骤5)的求解结果，更新配电网内各节点功率数据；6) According to the solution result of step 5), update the power data of each node in the distribution network;

7)分别针对各个交流配电网区域、直流配电网区域和柔性直流换流站区域，建立优化调度模型，并采用分布式优化调度方法进行求解，其流程如图2所示，以获得整体交直流混合配电网的调度控制结果，7) For each AC distribution network area, DC distribution network area and flexible DC converter station area, an optimal scheduling model is established, and the distributed optimal scheduling method is used to solve the problem. The process is shown in Figure 2 to obtain the overall The dispatching control results of the AC-DC hybrid distribution network,

第i个交流配电网区域的调度目标为：The dispatching objective of the i-th AC distribution network area is:

Figure BDA0001384760440000081
Figure BDA0001384760440000081

subject to:subject to:

Figure BDA0001384760440000082
Figure BDA0001384760440000082

其中，NT为调度时段集合，DGACx为区域内可控分布式电源的集合，

Figure BDA0001384760440000083
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000084
分别为时段t第j个可控分布式电源的发电成本和功率，ρgrid,i(t)和Pgrid，i(t)分别为时段t配电网从上级电网购买电力的成本和功率，ρAC,i(t)为时段t交流配电网区域向直流配电网区域传输电力的成本，
Figure BDA0001384760440000085
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000086
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000087
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000088
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的无功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000089
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000810
和
Figure BDA00013847604400000811
分别为罚函数的系数。Among them, NT is the set of scheduling time periods, DG ACx is the set of controllable distributed power sources in the area,
Figure BDA0001384760440000083
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000084
are the power generation cost and power of the jth controllable distributed power source in period t, respectively, ρ grid,i (t) and P grid, i (t) are the cost and power of the power distribution network purchasing power from the upper-level grid in period t, respectively, ρ AC,i (t) is the cost of power transmission from the AC distribution network area to the DC distribution network area at time period t,
Figure BDA0001384760440000085
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000086
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000087
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000088
The respective time periods t are the reactive power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000089
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000810
and
Figure BDA00013847604400000811
are the coefficients of the penalty function, respectively.

在约束条件中，前两式表示功率平衡约束；第三式表示节点电压上下限约束；第四式表示在本实施例中设定，配电网只能从上级电网购电，而不能向上级电网输电；第五、六式分别表示分布式电源的出力约束；第七、八式分别表示交流配电网与直流配电网之间柔性直流换流站的容量约束；第九式表示线路输送容量约束；Among the constraints, the first two equations represent the power balance constraint; the third equation represents the upper and lower limit constraints of the node voltage; the fourth equation represents the setting in this embodiment, the distribution network can only purchase electricity from the upper-level power grid, but not to the upper-level power grid. Power grid transmission; Equations 5 and 6 respectively represent the output constraints of distributed power sources; Equations 7 and 8 respectively represent the capacity constraints of flexible DC converter stations between the AC distribution network and the DC distribution network; Equation 9 represents line transmission capacity constraints;

直流配电网区域的调度目标为：The dispatching objectives of the DC distribution network area are:

Figure BDA00013847604400000812
Figure BDA00013847604400000812

subject to:subject to:

Figure BDA0001384760440000091
Figure BDA0001384760440000091

其中，NT为调度时段集合，DGDC为区域内可控分布式电源的集合，

Figure BDA0001384760440000092
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000093
分别为时段t第j个可控分布式电源的发电成本和功率，AC为直流配电网区域所连交流配电网区域的集合，ρDC,i(t)为时段t直流配电网区域从第i个交流配电网区域购买电力的成本，
Figure BDA0001384760440000094
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000095
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和直流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000096
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000097
分别为罚函数的系数；Among them, NT is the set of scheduling time periods, DG DC is the set of controllable distributed power sources in the region,
Figure BDA0001384760440000092
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000093
are the generation cost and power of the j-th controllable distributed power source in period t, respectively, AC is the set of AC distribution network areas connected to the DC distribution network area, ρ DC,i (t) is the DC distribution network area in period t The cost of purchasing electricity from the ith AC distribution grid area,
Figure BDA0001384760440000094
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000095
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the DC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000096
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000097
are the coefficients of the penalty function, respectively;

在约束条件中，第一式表示直流配电网内的功率平衡约束；第二式表示直流配电网内的电压上下限约束；第三式表示分布式电源的出力约束；第四式表示直流配电网与交流配电网交换功率的约束，即柔性直流换流站的有功功率输送限制；最后一式表示直流配电网的线路容量约束。Among the constraints, the first equation represents the power balance constraint in the DC distribution network; the second equation represents the upper and lower voltage constraints in the DC distribution network; the third equation represents the output constraint of the distributed power generation; the fourth equation represents the DC The constraint of the power exchange between the distribution network and the AC distribution network, that is, the active power transmission limit of the flexible DC converter station; the last formula represents the line capacity constraint of the DC distribution network.

第i个柔性直流换流站(VSCi)的调度目标为：The scheduling objectives of the i-th flexible DC converter station (VSC i ) are:

Figure BDA0001384760440000098
Figure BDA0001384760440000098

subject to:subject to:

Figure BDA0001384760440000099
Figure BDA0001384760440000099

其中，NT为调度时段集合，ρAC,i(t)为时段t交流配电网区域向直流配电网区域传输电力的成本，ρDC,i(t)为时段t直流配电网区域从第i个交流配电网区域购买电力的成本，

Figure BDA0001384760440000101
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000102
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000103
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000104
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和交流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的无功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000105
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000106
分别时段t为由柔性直流换流站和直流配电网计算的交流配电网向直流配电网传输的有功功率，
Figure BDA0001384760440000107
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000108
和
Figure BDA0001384760440000109
和
Figure BDA00013847604400001010
分别为罚函数的系数。Among them, N T is the set of scheduling time periods, ρ AC,i (t) is the cost of transmitting power from the AC distribution network area to the DC distribution network area at time period t, and ρ DC,i (t) is the time period t DC distribution network area. The cost of purchasing electricity from the ith AC distribution grid area,
Figure BDA0001384760440000101
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000102
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000103
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000104
The respective time periods t are the reactive power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000105
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000106
The respective time periods t are the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the DC distribution network,
Figure BDA0001384760440000107
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000108
and
Figure BDA0001384760440000109
and
Figure BDA00013847604400001010
are the coefficients of the penalty function, respectively.

在约束条件中，Vdc为柔直换流站直流侧电压，Vs为柔直换流站交流侧电压，δ和M为控制参数，第一式、第二式、第三式为功率平衡约束，第五式、第六式、第七式为柔性直流换流站的功率输送限制，第八式、第九式为控制参数限制。In the constraints, V dc is the DC side voltage of the flexible-DC converter station, V s is the AC side voltage of the flexible-DC converter station, δ and M are the control parameters, and the first, second, and third equations are the power balance Constraints, the fifth, sixth, and seventh equations are the power transmission constraints of the flexible DC converter station, and the eighth and ninth equations are the control parameter constraints.

8)采用分布式优化调度方法进行求解，以获得整体交直流混合配电网的调度控制结果，其具体步骤如下：8) The distributed optimal scheduling method is used to solve the problem to obtain the scheduling control results of the overall AC-DC hybrid distribution network. The specific steps are as follows:

8.1)设定内层循环序号KI＝0，外层循环序号KO＝0，选定罚函数系数

Figure BDA00013847604400001011
初值、权重
Figure BDA00013847604400001012
初值、和柔性直流换流站的共享变量
Figure BDA00013847604400001013
8.1) Set the inner loop number KI=0, the outer loop number KO=0, and select the penalty function coefficient
Figure BDA00013847604400001011
initial value, weight
Figure BDA00013847604400001012
Initial value, and shared variable of flexible DC converter station
Figure BDA00013847604400001013

8.2)设定KI＝KI+1，求解每个交流配电网区域的优化问题，此时

Figure BDA00013847604400001014
作为决策变量，
Figure BDA00013847604400001015
同时求解直流配电网区域的优化问题，此时
Figure BDA00013847604400001016
作为决策变量，
Figure BDA00013847604400001017
从上一次循环中获得；8.2) Set KI=KI+1, solve the optimization problem of each AC distribution network area, at this time
Figure BDA00013847604400001014
as a decision variable,
Figure BDA00013847604400001015
At the same time, the optimization problem of the DC distribution network area is solved, at this time
Figure BDA00013847604400001016
as a decision variable,
Figure BDA00013847604400001017
obtained from the previous loop;

8.3)求解柔性直流换流站区域的优化问题，此时

Figure BDA00013847604400001018
作为决策变量，
Figure BDA00013847604400001019
从步骤8.2)获得；8.3) Solve the optimization problem of the flexible HVDC converter station area, at this time
Figure BDA00013847604400001018
as a decision variable,
Figure BDA00013847604400001019
Obtained from step 8.2);

8.4)判断内层循环是否收敛：本文设定内层循环收敛判断指标为，连续两次内层循环的优化目标求解结果变化小于预设的允许范围ε1，即8.4) Judging whether the inner loop has converged: In this paper, the convergence judgment index of the inner loop is set as, the change of the optimization target solution result of the inner loop for two consecutive times is less than the preset allowable range ε 1 , that is,

|fKI-fKI-1|≤ε1 (11)|f KI -f KI-1 |≤ε 1 (11)

其中fi表示第i次循环的优化结果；若内层循环收敛，则进入步骤7.5)；否则，跳转回步骤8.2)；Where f i represents the optimization result of the ith cycle; if the inner loop converges, go to step 7.5); otherwise, jump back to step 8.2);

8.5)判断外层循环是否收敛：本文设定外层循环收敛判断指标为，区域间共享变量的不一致偏差cKI小于预设的允许范围ε2，且连续两次优化共享变量不一致偏差的变化小于预设的允许值ε3，即8.5) Judging whether the outer loop converges: This paper sets the outer loop convergence judgment index as, the inconsistency deviation c KI of shared variables between regions is less than the preset allowable range ε 2 , and the change of the inconsistency deviation of shared variables in two consecutive optimizations is less than The preset allowable value ε 3 , namely

||cKO||≤ε2 (12)||c KO ||≤ε 2 (12)

||cKO-cKO-1||≤ε3 (13)||c KO -c KO-1 ||≤ε 3 (13)

若收敛，则交直流混合配电网分布式优化整体收敛，优化计算结束；否则，跳至步骤8.6)；If it converges, the distributed optimization of the AC/DC hybrid distribution network will converge as a whole, and the optimization calculation will end; otherwise, skip to step 8.6);

8.6)设定KO＝KO+1，更新增广拉格朗日罚函数的系数向量ν和权重向量ω，方法为：8.6) Set KO=KO+1, update the coefficient vector ν and the weight vector ω of the generalized Lagrangian penalty function, the method is:

ν(KO+1)＝ν(KO)+2ω(KO)·ω(KO)·c(KO) (14)ν (KO+1) = ν (KO) +2ω (KO) ω (KO) c (KO) (14)

Figure BDA0001384760440000111
Figure BDA0001384760440000111

其中γ＝0.25，β≥1；where γ=0.25, β≥1;

8.7)设定

Figure BDA0001384760440000112
KI＝0，跳至步骤8.2)重新开始内层循环。8.7) Setting
Figure BDA0001384760440000112
KI=0, skip to step 8.2) to restart the inner loop.

在实际优化过程中，还应当设定最大内层循环次数KImax和最大外层循环KOmax，以防止出现不收敛的情况，即在内层循环和外层循环中分别设定终止条件如下In the actual optimization process, the maximum number of inner loops KI max and the maximum outer loop KO max should also be set to prevent non-convergence, that is, the termination conditions for the inner loop and the outer loop are set as follows

KI≤KImax (16) KI≤KImax (16)

KO≤KOmax (17)KO≤KO max (17)

上述求解流程示意图如图2所示。The schematic diagram of the above solution process is shown in Figure 2.

Claims (2)

1. A method for controlling dispatching of an alternating current-direct current power distribution network considering source storage load is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) according to the structural characteristics of an AC/DC power distribution network, a scheduling control range of the AC/DC power distribution network is divided into a local scheduling layer and a regional scheduling layer, the local scheduling layer is positioned in each AC power distribution network region or DC power distribution network region, and specific scheduling objects are the combined output of renewable energy power generation and energy storage and the charging load of an electric automobile; the region scheduling layer is an integral alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network, and scheduling objects are controllable distributed power supply output and exchange power between regions of the alternating current power distribution network and the direct current power distribution network;
2) initializing power data of each network node in the power distribution network according to the load prediction result;
3) respectively establishing an optimization model aiming at the combined output of renewable energy power generation and energy storage in each distribution network region, and solving, wherein the model optimization target is as follows:
Figure FDA0002322419020000011
wherein α and β are weight coefficients of the optimization objective, NTFor a set of scheduling periods, pjoi(t) and Pjoi(t) respectively the joint selling price and joint output of renewable energy and stored energy in the time period t;
4) updating power data of each node in the power distribution network according to the optimization solution result of the step 3);
5) respectively establishing an optimization model aiming at the charging load of the electric automobile in each power distribution network area, and solving, wherein the model optimization target is as follows:
Figure FDA0002322419020000012
where γ and κ are weight coefficients of the optimization objective, respectively, NTFor the set of scheduling periods, nevNumber of charging stations for electric vehicles, ρEV(t) and PEV，i(t) the charging price of the electric vehicle and the charging power of the ith charging station, P, respectively, for a time period tL(t) is the total load in the region of time period t;
6) updating power data of each node in the power distribution network according to the solving result of the step 5);
7) respectively aiming at each alternating current power distribution network region, each direct current power distribution network region and each flexible direct current converter station region, establishing an optimized scheduling model:
the dispatching target of the ith alternating current distribution network area is as follows:
Figure FDA0002322419020000021
wherein N isTFor scheduling sets of time periods, DGsACxFor a collection of controllable distributed power sources within a region,
Figure FDA0002322419020000022
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000023
the generation cost and the power rho of the jth controllable distributed power supply in the time period tthgrid,i(t) and Pgrid，i(t) cost and power, ρ, of purchasing power from a superior grid in a distribution network for a time period t, respectivelyAC,i(t) the cost of transmitting power from the ac distribution network region to the dc distribution network region for time period t,
Figure FDA0002322419020000024
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000025
the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network is calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network respectively in a time interval t,
Figure FDA0002322419020000026
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000027
reactive power transmitted from the alternating current distribution network to the direct current distribution network is calculated by the flexible direct current converter station and the alternating current distribution network respectively in a time period t,
Figure FDA0002322419020000028
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000029
and
Figure FDA00023224190200000210
respectively coefficients of an augmented lagrange penalty function,
the dispatching target of the direct current distribution network area is as follows:
Figure FDA00023224190200000211
wherein N isTFor scheduling sets of time periods, DGsDCFor a collection of controllable distributed power sources within a region,
Figure FDA00023224190200000212
and
Figure FDA00023224190200000213
the generation cost and the power of the jth controllable distributed power supply in the time interval tth are respectively, AC is a set of alternating current distribution network areas connected with the direct current distribution network areas, and rhoDC,i(t) the cost of purchasing power from the ith ac grid area for a time period t,
Figure FDA00023224190200000214
and
Figure FDA00023224190200000215
the time interval t is respectively the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the DC distribution network,
Figure FDA00023224190200000216
and
Figure FDA00023224190200000217
coefficients of the augmented lagrange penalty function are respectively;
ith Flexible direct Current converter station (VSC)i) The scheduling targets of (1) are:
Figure FDA00023224190200000218
wherein N isTFor a set of scheduling periods, pAC,i(t) cost of power transfer from AC distribution network region to DC distribution network region, ρDC,i(t) the cost of purchasing power from the ith ac grid area for a time period t,
Figure FDA00023224190200000219
and
Figure FDA00023224190200000220
the respective time interval t is the active power transmitted from the ac distribution network to the dc distribution network calculated by the flexible dc converter station and the ac distribution network,
Figure FDA0002322419020000031
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000032
the time interval t is the reactive power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the AC distribution network,
Figure FDA0002322419020000033
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000034
the time interval t is respectively the active power transmitted from the AC distribution network to the DC distribution network calculated by the flexible DC converter station and the DC distribution network,
Figure FDA0002322419020000035
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000036
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000037
and
Figure FDA0002322419020000038
coefficients of the augmented lagrange penalty function are respectively;
8) the method comprises the following steps of solving by adopting a distributed optimization scheduling method to obtain a scheduling control result of the whole alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
8.1) setting the sequence number KI of the inner layer to be 0 and the sequence number KO of the outer layer to be 0, and selecting the coefficient of the augmented Lagrange penalty function
Figure FDA0002322419020000039
Initial value and weight
Figure FDA00023224190200000310
Shared variables for initial and flexible DC converter stations
Figure FDA00023224190200000311
8.2) set KI +1, solve the optimization problem for each ac distribution network region, at this point in time
Figure FDA00023224190200000312
As a decision variable, the decision variable is,
Figure FDA00023224190200000313
obtaining from the last inner layer cycle, and simultaneously solving the optimization problem of the direct current distribution network area, wherein the optimization problem is obtained in the last inner layer cycle
Figure FDA00023224190200000314
As a decision variable, the decision variable is,
Figure FDA00023224190200000315
obtained from the last inner layer cycle;
8.3) solving the optimization problem of the flexible direct current converter station area, at the moment
Figure FDA00023224190200000316
As a decision variable, the decision variable is,
Figure FDA00023224190200000317
obtained from step 8.2);
8.4) judging whether the inner loop converges: setting the inner-layer loop convergence judgment index as that the change of the solution result of the optimization target of two continuous inner-layer loops is less than the preset allowable range epsilon1I.e. by
||fKI-fKI-1||≤ε1(6)
Wherein f isiA vector formed by the optimization results of the ith cycle is represented; if the inner loop is converged, entering the step 8.5); otherwise, jumping back to the step 8.2);
8.5) judging whether the outer loop converges: setting the outer loop convergence judgment index as the inconsistent deviation c of the shared variables between the regionsKOLess than a predetermined allowable range epsilon2And optimizing the variation of inconsistent deviation of shared variable twice in successionLess than a predetermined allowable value epsilon3I.e. by
||cKO||≤ε2(7)
||cKO-cKO-1||≤ε3(8)
If the convergence is achieved, the distributed optimization of the alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network is integrally converged, and the optimization calculation is finished; otherwise, jumping to step 8.6);
8.6) setting KO to KO +1, and updating the coefficient vector v and the weight vector w of the augmented Lagrange penalty function by the following method:
Figure FDA0002322419020000041
Figure FDA0002322419020000042
wherein gamma is 0.25, β is more than or equal to 1;
8.7) setting
Figure FDA0002322419020000043
KI is 0, jump to step 8.2) to restart the inner loop.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 8) is further performed to set a maximum number KI of inner loop cyclesmaxAnd maximum skin circulation KOmaxIn order to prevent the occurrence of unconvergence, the termination conditions are set in the inner loop and the outer loop as follows:
KI≤KImax(11)
KO≤KOmax(12)。
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