CN107462831A - A kind of method for detecting AC relay noise - Google Patents
A kind of method for detecting AC relay noise Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107462831A CN107462831A CN201710629506.2A CN201710629506A CN107462831A CN 107462831 A CN107462831 A CN 107462831A CN 201710629506 A CN201710629506 A CN 201710629506A CN 107462831 A CN107462831 A CN 107462831A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- relay
- measured
- stationary contact
- noise
- normally opened
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for detecting AC relay noise, it is that controlled drive circuit is passed through by single-chip microcomputer, apply the voltage from 0 to rated value to relay coil to be measured, during application, single-chip microcomputer is by monitoring the level change of the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port, and then analyze relay movable contact to be measured and whether there is jitter phenomenon, when relay movable contact to be measured is present beyond the jitter conditions of presetting range, judge that relay to be measured has noise.The present invention can both catch the bad products that AC noise causes contact chatter exactly, have the characteristics of test speed is fast again, can be completed less than 1 second, but also be easy to implement on-line checking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to relay test technical field, more particularly to a kind of side for being used to detect AC relay noise
Method.
Background technology
AC relay is because the AC power that coil applies is in periodically alternately zero passage change, the armature of relay are inhaled by alternation
Power and counter-force effect can produce AC noise, therefore take precautionary measures in design, but suction pulsatile change can still produce
AC noise.
In AC relay, its magnetic flux changes with the alternation of alternating current, but electromagnetic attraction can't change direction,
Armature is always drawn to iron core.The size of AC relay this suction unlike DC relay zero-sum maximum it
Between mechanical periodicity, armature is produced vibration noise, this sound is referred to as hum.This vibration is to the contact of relay
Very harmful.
AC relay at work, due to the interaction of Contact reaction-force and pulsation suction, can also make armature hesitation and
Produce AC noise.
It is born so far from AC relay, AC noise is always the problem of relay manufacturer is fatal, existing judgement
The AC noise of AC relay, typically using ear arrival can be listened to judge whether product is qualified, and the foundation of judgement is complete
Defined entirely by operative employee.
The method of the detection AC relay noise of prior art, is to do a soundproof room, with a manual adjustable exchange
Power supply, power output end connect detecting tool, by hand insert relay in detecting tool, and inspector goes adjustment to exchange with a hand
The output voltage of power supply, slowly rise from low past rated voltage, inspector listens AC relay applying coil voltage with ear
During exchange noise level, using the auditory event for exchanging noise, whether artificial judgment product noise within the scope of.
The method of this detection AC relay noise of prior art, is primarily present following drawback：
First, it is necessary to single soundproof room is set；
Second, the size of noise, is judged by the sense of hearing of operating personnel completely, the error of judgement is big；
Third, labor intensity is big, manually operate completely；
Fourth, testing efficiency is slow, the cycle of 1 product is tested, skilled worker will also spend 3 second time, if the daily output is 1
Ten thousand, 3 people are at least wanted, non-stop run could be completed.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of prior art, there is provided a kind of side for being used to detect AC relay noise
Method, the bad products that AC noise causes contact chatter can be both caught exactly, have the characteristics of test speed is fast again, less than 1
Second can complete, but also be easy to implement on-line checking.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of side for being used to detect AC relay noise
Method, it is to be applied the voltage from 0 to rated value by controlled drive circuit by single-chip microcomputer to relay coil to be measured, applied
During, single-chip microcomputer is analyzed by monitoring the level change of the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port
Go out relay movable contact to be measured and whether there is jitter phenomenon, when relay movable contact to be measured has the shake feelings beyond presetting range
During condition, judge that relay to be measured has noise.
The shake of the presetting range of the movable contact refers to movable contact and normally opened stationary contact during being in contact because of adhesive
Shaken caused by rebound phenomenon.
The single-chip microcomputer monitors the level change of the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port, is by monolithic
Two detection inputs of machine are connected respectively at the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port, and by it is to be measured after
The normally closed stationary contact of electrical equipment connects same positive potential by a resistance respectively with normally opened stationary contact port, by relay to be measured
Movable contact ground connection, movable contact is departed from normally closed stationary contact in coil working during being drawn to normally opened stationary contact, adopt respectively
Collect the level change of the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port.
When to the voltage that relay coil to be measured applies from 0 to rated value, single-chip microcomputer measures normally closed stationary contact port electricity
Gentle normally opened stationary contact port level is steady saltus step, and normally opened stationary contact port level of short duration pulsation occurs and pre-set
During scope, it is qualified products to judge the relay to be measured.
The scope that pre-sets of the pulsation of the normally opened stationary contact port level refers to movable contact with normally opened stationary contact in phase
In contact process because of adhesive rebound phenomenon and caused by pulsation.
When to the voltage that relay coil to be measured applies from 0 to rated value, single-chip microcomputer measures normally closed stationary contact port electricity
Clear existing pulsation, be then inferred to relay movable contact to be measured and jitter phenomenon be present, and relay movable contact to be measured is present beyond pre-
The jitter conditions of scope are put, judge that relay to be measured has noise.
During the voltage applied to relay coil to be measured is from 0 to rated value, single-chip microcomputer measures normally opened stationary contact
Port level when longer pulsation also be present, is then inferred to relay to be measured except occurring after pre-setting the of short duration pulsation of scope
There is jitter phenomenon in device movable contact, and relay movable contact to be measured has the jitter conditions beyond presetting range, judge it is to be measured after
Noise be present in electrical equipment.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention as a result of by single-chip microcomputer by controlled drive circuit, to relay coil to be measured apply from 0 to
The voltage of rated value, during application, single-chip microcomputer is by monitoring the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port
Level change, and then analyze relay movable contact to be measured and whether there is jitter phenomenon, when relay movable contact to be measured is present
During beyond the jitter conditions of presetting range, judge that relay to be measured has noise.The present invention both can catch exchange exactly and make an uproar
Sound caused the bad products of contact chatter, there is the characteristics of test speed is fast again, and test process is judged by machine completely, less than 1 second
It can complete, but also be easy to implement on-line checking, the present invention casts aside human factor, does not hear the product of AC noise not
The reliable of contact is can guarantee that, by monitoring contact chatter situation, the precision of test and the degree of accuracy are broken through the present invention.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples；But one kind of the present invention, which is used to detect, to be handed over
The method of current relay noise is not limited to embodiment.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardware configuration theory diagram for realizing the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram for the coil driver for realizing the hardware configuration of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the drive waveforms schematic diagram of detection process coil drive circuit；
Fig. 4 is the level change schematic diagram of the normally opened stationary contact port (qualified products) that single-chip microcomputer measures in detection process；
Fig. 5 is the level change schematic diagram of the normally closed stationary contact port (qualified products) that single-chip microcomputer measures in detection process；
Fig. 6 is the level change signal of the normally opened stationary contact port (substandard product) that single-chip microcomputer measures in detection process
Figure；
Fig. 7 is the level change signal of the normally closed stationary contact port (substandard product) that single-chip microcomputer measures in detection process
Figure.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present invention be by following hardware configuration (i.e. detection means) come realize detection exchange after
Electro instrument noise, the hardware configuration (i.e. detection means) include single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1, analog-digital converter 2, coil driver 3,
Resistance R1, resistance R2, resistance R3, resistance R4, single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1 provide electric signal by 5V voltages and are operated, single-chip microcomputer
(i.e. MCU) 1 output connects the control terminal of coil driver 3 by analog-digital converter 2, and the output of coil driver 3 connects
The both ends of the coil of relay 5 are surveyed in reception, and the movable contact end of relay 5 to be measured is grounded, normally opened stationary contact port NO is passed through
Resistance R1 connection 5V voltages, normally closed stationary contact port NC is passed through by resistance R2 connection 5V voltages, normally opened stationary contact port NO
An input (IN2) for resistance R4 connection single-chip microcomputers (i.e. MCU) 1, normally closed stationary contact port NC pass through resistance R3 connection single-chip microcomputers
(i.e. MCU) 1 another input (IN1).
Coil driver 3 includes step-down rectifier filtering 31, amplifier 32, step-up transformer 33, Voltage Feedback 34 and just
String wave producer 35, the input connection civil power of the input connection civil power of coil driver 3, i.e. step-down rectifier filtering 31, decompression
The output connection amplifier 32 of rectifying and wave-filtering 31, the input of the output connection step-up transformer 33 of amplifier 32, step-up transformer
33 output connects the both ends of the coil of relay 5 to be measured；The output of the input connection step-up transformer 33 of Voltage Feedback 34, electricity
The output connection amplifier 32 of pressure feedback 34, the output of the input connection analog-digital converter 2 of sine-wave generator 35, sine wave hair
The output connection amplifier 32 of raw device 35.
A kind of method for detecting AC relay noise of the present invention, is by controlled by single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1
Drive circuit (i.e. coil driver) 3, apply the voltage from 0 to rated value to relay coil 5 to be measured, in the process of application
In, single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1 is become by monitoring relay to be measured normally closed stationary contact port NC and normally opened stationary contact port NO level
Change, and then analyze the movable contact of relay 5 to be measured and whether there is jitter phenomenon, when the movable contact of relay 5 to be measured is present beyond pre-
When putting the jitter conditions of scope, judge that relay 5 to be measured has noise.
The shake of the presetting range of the movable contact refers to movable contact and normally opened stationary contact during being in contact because of adhesive
Shaken caused by rebound phenomenon.
The single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1 monitors the normally closed stationary contact port NC's and normally opened stationary contact port NO of relay to be measured
Level change, it is that two detection inputs of single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1 are connected respectively to the normally closed stationary contact port of relay to be measured
At NC and normally opened stationary contact port NO, and by the normally closed stationary contact port NC of relay 5 to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port NO points
Same positive potential is not connected by a resistance, the movable contact port of relay 5 to be measured is grounded, makes to touch in coil working
Point depart from normally closed stationary contact and during being drawn to normally opened stationary contact, gather respectively the normally closed stationary contact port NC of relay to be measured and
Normally opened stationary contact port NO level change.
When the voltage applied to the coil of relay 5 to be measured is from 0 to rated value (as shown in Figure 3), single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1
Measure normally closed stationary contact port NC level and normally opened stationary contact port NO level is steady saltus step, and normally opened stationary contact port NO
When pre-setting scope (as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5), it is qualified products to judge the relay 5 to be measured to the of short duration pulsation of level appearance.
The scope that pre-sets of the pulsation of the normally opened stationary contact port NO level refers to that movable contact exists with normally opened stationary contact
During being in contact because of adhesive rebound phenomenon and caused by pulsation.
When to the voltage that relay coil to be measured applies from 0 to rated value (as shown in Figure 3), single-chip microcomputer measures normally closed quiet
There is pulsation (as shown in Figure 7) in contact port NC level, then is inferred to relay movable contact to be measured and jitter phenomenon be present, and to be measured
There are the jitter conditions beyond presetting range in relay movable contact, judge that relay 5 to be measured has noise.
During the voltage applied to relay coil to be measured is from 0 to rated value (as shown in Figure 3), single-chip microcomputer measures
Normally opened stationary contact port NO level is except occurring after pre-setting the of short duration pulsation of scope, (such as Fig. 6 when longer pulsation also be present
It is shown), then it is inferred to relay movable contact to be measured and jitter phenomenon is present, and relay movable contact to be measured exists and exceeds presetting range
Jitter conditions, judge that relay 5 to be measured has noise.The pulsation of the normally opened stationary contact port NO level pre-sets model
Enclose refer to movable contact and normally opened stationary contact during being in contact because of adhesive rebound phenomenon and caused by pulsation.
The present invention as a result of by single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1 by controlled drive circuit (i.e. coil driver) 3,
Apply the voltage from 0 to rated value to relay coil to be measured, during application, single-chip microcomputer (i.e. MCU) 1 is to be measured by monitoring
Relay normally closed stationary contact port NC and normally opened stationary contact port NO level change, and then analyze relay movable contact to be measured
With the presence or absence of jitter phenomenon, when relay movable contact to be measured is present beyond the jitter conditions of presetting range, relay to be measured is judged
Noise be present in device 5.The present invention can both catch the bad products that AC noise causes contact chatter exactly, there is test speed again
The characteristics of fast, test process are judged by machine completely, can be completed less than 1 second, but also are easy to implement on-line checking, the present invention
Human factor is cast aside, does not hear that the product of AC noise does not ensure that the reliable of contact, the present invention touches by monitoring
Point jitter conditions, the precision of test and the degree of accuracy are broken through.
Above-mentioned simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not makees any formal limitation to the present invention.It is although of the invention
It is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, do not taking off
In the case of from technical solution of the present invention scope, all technical solution of the present invention is made perhaps using the technology contents of the disclosure above
More possible changes and modifications, or it is revised as equivalents equivalent embodiment.Therefore, it is every without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made for any of the above embodiments, it all should fall
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. method for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：It is that controlled driving electricity is passed through by single-chip microcomputer Road, apply the voltage from 0 to rated value to relay coil to be measured, during application, single-chip microcomputer is by monitoring relay to be measured The normally closed stationary contact of device and the level change of normally opened stationary contact port, and then relay movable contact to be measured is analyzed with the presence or absence of shake Phenomenon, when relay movable contact to be measured is present beyond the jitter conditions of presetting range, judge that relay to be measured has noise.
- 2. the method according to claim 1 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：The movable contact The shake of presetting range refers to movable contact and normally opened stationary contact during being in contact because of shake caused by adhesive rebound phenomenon.
- 3. the method according to claim 1 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：The single-chip microcomputer prison The level change of the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port is surveyed, is by two detection inputs of single-chip microcomputer point It is not connected at the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and normally opened stationary contact port, and by the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured and often Open stationary contact port and same positive potential is connected by a resistance respectively, the movable contact of relay to be measured is grounded, in coil Work makes movable contact depart from normally closed stationary contact during being drawn to normally opened stationary contact, gathers the normally closed stationary contact of relay to be measured respectively Point and the level change of normally opened stationary contact port.
- 4. the method according to claim 3 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：When to relay to be measured When the voltage that device coil applies is from 0 to rated value, single-chip microcomputer measures normally closed stationary contact port level and normally opened stationary contact port electricity The steady saltus step of average out to, and normally opened stationary contact port level occur it is of short duration pulsation when pre-setting scope, judge this it is to be measured after Electrical equipment is qualified products.
- 5. the method according to claim 4 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：The normally opened stationary contact The scope that pre-sets of the pulsation of point port level refers to movable contact and normally opened stationary contact during being in contact because of adhesive rebound Phenomenon and caused pulsation.
- 6. the method according to claim 3 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：When to relay to be measured When the voltage that device coil applies is from 0 to rated value, single-chip microcomputer measures normally closed stationary contact port level and pulsed, then is inferred to treat Survey relay movable contact and jitter phenomenon be present, and relay movable contact to be measured has the jitter conditions beyond presetting range, judges Noise be present in relay to be measured.
- 7. the method according to claim 1 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：When to relay to be measured During the voltage that device coil applies is from 0 to rated value, it is advance except occurring that single-chip microcomputer measures normally opened stationary contact port level After the of short duration pulsation that scope is set, when longer pulsation also be present, then it is inferred to relay movable contact to be measured and jitter phenomenon is present, And there are the jitter conditions beyond presetting range in relay movable contact to be measured, judge that relay to be measured has noise.
- 8. the method according to claim 7 for detecting AC relay noise, it is characterised in that：The normally opened stationary contact The scope that pre-sets of the pulsation of point port level refers to movable contact and normally opened stationary contact during being in contact because of adhesive rebound Phenomenon and caused pulsation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710629506.2A CN107462831B (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Method for detecting noise of alternating current relay |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710629506.2A CN107462831B (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Method for detecting noise of alternating current relay |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107462831A true CN107462831A (en) | 2017-12-12 |
| CN107462831B CN107462831B (en) | 2020-05-26 |
Family
ID=60547757
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710629506.2A Active CN107462831B (en) | 2017-07-28 | 2017-07-28 | Method for detecting noise of alternating current relay |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107462831B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1588945A1 (en) * | 1966-06-08 | 1971-01-21 | Western Electric Co | Relay pulse correction circuit |
| CN102540063A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-04 | 尤冬生 | Testing device for alternating-current relays and testing method thereof |
| CN203643573U (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-06-11 | 湖南工业大学 | An apparatus for measuring a jitter frequency of a button switch |
| CN203643574U (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-06-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Tester for time parameters of miniature relay based on CPLD |
| CN104142470A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-12 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Relay detection device and operation method thereof |
| CN105068000A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-18 | 天津市英贝特航天科技有限公司 | Circuit and method for detection of relay actuation time |
| EP2995966A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-16 | ABB Technology AG | Method and device for online monitoring of high voltage circuit breaker |
| CN106970319A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-21 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | It is a kind of to tremble the disconnected measuring method for trembling the time of closing on relay |
-
2017
- 2017-07-28 CN CN201710629506.2A patent/CN107462831B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1588945A1 (en) * | 1966-06-08 | 1971-01-21 | Western Electric Co | Relay pulse correction circuit |
| CN102540063A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-04 | 尤冬生 | Testing device for alternating-current relays and testing method thereof |
| CN104142470A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2014-11-12 | 台达电子工业股份有限公司 | Relay detection device and operation method thereof |
| CN203643573U (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-06-11 | 湖南工业大学 | An apparatus for measuring a jitter frequency of a button switch |
| CN203643574U (en) * | 2013-11-21 | 2014-06-11 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Tester for time parameters of miniature relay based on CPLD |
| EP2995966A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-16 | ABB Technology AG | Method and device for online monitoring of high voltage circuit breaker |
| CN105068000A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-11-18 | 天津市英贝特航天科技有限公司 | Circuit and method for detection of relay actuation time |
| CN106970319A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-21 | 中国航空综合技术研究所 | It is a kind of to tremble the disconnected measuring method for trembling the time of closing on relay |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 关欣等: "电磁继电器动作时间参数测试与计算研究", 《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》 * |
| 杜太行等: "交流继电器动作时间检测技术的研究", 《继电器》 * |
| 杜太行等: "基于单片机的电磁继电器参数检测系统的研究", 《低压电器》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107462831B (en) | 2020-05-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2806518B1 (en) | Serial arc detection based on harmonic content of DC current signal | |
| CN106199477B (en) | Circuit, self-checking circuit, AFCI and photovoltaic generating system occur for noise | |
| CN102116849B (en) | Noncontact type measuring system and measuring method for switch power working parameters | |
| CN110231581A (en) | Accumulator internal resistance measuring circuit and measurement method | |
| CN106841900B (en) | The fault detection means and method of micro electromagnetic generator unit stator winding | |
| CN107462831A (en) | A kind of method for detecting AC relay noise | |
| CN207457360U (en) | A kind of multichannel capacitor high frequency ripple ageing test apparatus | |
| CN111025050A (en) | Current response time testing device and method for automobile electromagnetic valve | |
| CN108427062A (en) | Using the frequency conversion resonance vibration pressure-proof local discharge test device and method of intermittent drive | |
| Angrisani et al. | Identification and classification of transformers current transients through Huang Hilbert Transform | |
| CN105093084A (en) | Partial discharge automatic testing device | |
| TW201126187A (en) | Performance-optimized actuation of a flux gate sensor | |
| CN104597371A (en) | Line-breaking detection method for linear variable differential transformer | |
| CN205383099U (en) | Radiator fan's fault detection device and heat abstractor | |
| CN110161395A (en) | The state of insulation on-line monitoring method and its monitoring system of inverter AC motor | |
| Wotzka | Mathematical description of acoustic emission signals generated by partial discharges | |
| CN105142090B (en) | Determine the method and system of the ripple factor of background noise test power supply | |
| Yingzong et al. | An AC/DC sensing method based on adaptive magnetic modulation technology with double feedback properties | |
| CN110161363B (en) | Transformer running state vibration and sound detection method and system based on main frequency characteristic quantity | |
| CN207638319U (en) | A kind of electrical fault detecting system based on current total harmonic coefficient | |
| RU66820U1 (en) | DEVICE FOR CONTACTLESS MONITORING SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENTS OF SINGLE-PHASE AND THREE-PHASE BRIDGE RECTIFIERS | |
| CN205015445U (en) | Automatic testing arrangement of partial discharge | |
| CN205317894U (en) | A two impedance return circuit interference rejection unit for appearance is put in office | |
| CN203057094U (en) | A digital pulse generating device based on a full-digital DC controller | |
| Karami et al. | Test fixture to measure the saturation characteristics of coupled multi-winding inductors |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |