CN107460377A - A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107460377A CN107460377A CN201710613225.8A CN201710613225A CN107460377A CN 107460377 A CN107460377 A CN 107460377A CN 201710613225 A CN201710613225 A CN 201710613225A CN 107460377 A CN107460377 A CN 107460377A
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- Prior art keywords
- cylinder jacket
- matrix
- cylinder
- cylinder sleeve
- ceramic material
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/10—Oxides, borides, carbides, nitrides or silicides; Mixtures thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/004—Cylinder liners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/06—Casting
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve disclosed by the invention, including cylinder jacket matrix, the cylinder jacket base inner surface coated ceramic material form undercoating, and the chemical composition of the cylinder jacket matrix is counted including C as following weight percent:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:2% ~ 5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al.A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve disclosed by the invention, there is excellent high-temperature stability and anti-wear performance, its high mechanical strength, in light weight, heat conductivility is superior, is advantageous to the radiating of engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cylinder jacket field, more particularly to a kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Engine for automobile typically uses Aluminum Alloy Cylinder Barrel.Cylinder jacket can be ensured while in order to reduce main screw lift
Wearability, be typically employed in the cylinder liner construction that precasting in cylinder block is made of cast iron.Existing cylinder jacket outer surface is general
Ensure in the form of machining forms groove or casting mushroom hangnail between cast iron cylinder cover and cast aluminium cylinder block
Combine closely, to prevent cylinder jacket from being come off from cylinder block.Traditional cylinder jacket production cost is higher, running-in time length, snap-in force
Difference, service life is short, and be difficult to meet high-performance energy saving environment protection engine for cylinder jacket intensity and wearability and cost will
Ask.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof.
The present invention realizes solve above-mentioned technical problem by following technological means：
A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve, including cylinder jacket matrix, the cylinder jacket base inner surface coated ceramic material form interior painting
Layer, the chemical composition of the cylinder jacket matrix are counted including C as following weight percent:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%,
Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:2% ~ 5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~
0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al.
Further, the cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix rotary spraying aluminium powder forms theca externa.
Further, the thickness of the theca externa is in 0.7 ~ 1.2mm.
Further, the internally coated 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.
Further, the internally coated formation comprises the following steps：Cylinder jacket matrix is carried out at oil removing degreasing drying
Reason, then blast be roughened, after cylinder jacket base inner surface roughness after 50 ~ 120 μm, using PTWA spraying coating process by ceramic material
Material is sprayed on cylinder jacket base inner surface, and followed by Honing process is handled.
Further, the chemical composition of the ceramic material includes 2 ~ 3 parts of tungsten carbide by weight, 1 ~ 2 part of carborundum,
1 ~ 2 part of titanium carbide.
Further, the formation of the theca externa comprises the following steps：Blast roughening is carried out to the outer surface of cylinder matrix,
Make the roughness in cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix after 50 ~ 200um, by aluminium powder thermal spraying on cylinder outer surface of matrix.
A kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
Raw material is put into middle frequency furnace and carries out melting, obtains liquation, the chemical composition of the raw material is wrapped by weight percentage
Include C:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:
2% ~ 5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al；
Centrifugal casting is carried out to the liquation after coming out of the stove, obtains liner blank；
Liner blank is machined, obtains cylinder jacket matrix；
Cleaning by degreasing drying and processing is carried out to cylinder jacket matrix, then blast is roughened, and treats that cylinder jacket base inner surface roughness exists
After 50 ~ 120 μm, ceramic material is sprayed on by cylinder jacket base inner surface, followed by Honing process using PTWA spraying coating process
Processing, undercoating is formed, obtains cylinder jacket semi-finished product, wherein, undercoating thickness is in 0.2 ~ 0.4mm, the change of the ceramic material
Study point includes 2 ~ 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 1 ~ 2 part of carborundum, 1 ~ 2 part of titanium carbide by weight；
Blast roughening is carried out to the outer surface of cylinder matrix, makes the roughness in cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix after 50 ~ 200um,
By aluminium powder thermal spraying on cylinder outer surface of matrix, form theca externa, obtain cylinder jacket finished product, wherein the granularity of aluminium powder 100 ~
250 mesh, powder feed rate is in 45 ~ 50g/min, and spray distance is in 100 ~ 110mm, and workpiece heating temperature is at 150 ~ 180 DEG C, theca externa
Thickness in 0.7 ~ 1.2mm.
Compared with prior art, implementation result of the invention is as follows by the present invention：
Undercoating is made of ceramic material, has higher hardness, can shorten the running-in time of cylinder jacket, and with excellent
High-temperature stability and anti-wear performance, extend the service life of cylinder sleeve.
Cylinder jacket matrix is made of aluminum alloy materials, and high mechanical strength is in light weight, and possesses superior heat conductivility,
Be advantageous to the radiating of engine.
Theca externa is formed by aluminium powder thermal spraying, improves snap-in force, enhances the adhesion between cylinder body and cylinder sleeve, and increase
Strong heat-conducting effect, reduce the thermal stress of cylinder jacket.
Preparation method proposed by the present invention, cylinder jacket matrix blank is manufactured using centrifugal casting mode, and use natural cooling
Cylinder jacket matrix is manufactured with machining mode, reduces the complexity of process, reduces production cost, and the raw material pair used
Environment is substantially pollution-free, and effect protrudes.
Embodiment
Illustrate present disclosure below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve, including cylinder jacket matrix, the cylinder jacket base inner surface coated ceramic material are formed
Undercoating, the internally coated 0.2 ~ 0.4mm, the chemical composition of the cylinder jacket matrix are counted including C as following weight percent:
0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:2% ~
5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al.The cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix rotation spray
Apply aluminium powder and form theca externa, the thickness of the theca externa is in 0.7 ~ 1.2mm.
A kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve proposed by the present invention, comprises the following steps：
Raw material is put into middle frequency furnace and carries out melting, obtains liquation, the chemical composition of the raw material is wrapped by weight percentage
Include C:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:
2% ~ 5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al；Liquation after coming out of the stove is centrifuged
Casting, obtains liner blank；Liner blank is machined, obtains cylinder jacket matrix；Cylinder jacket matrix is carried out
Cleaning by degreasing drying and processing, then blast roughening, after cylinder jacket base inner surface roughness after 50 ~ 120 μm, is sprayed using PTWA
Apply technique and ceramic material is sprayed on cylinder jacket base inner surface, followed by Honing process is handled, and is formed undercoating, is obtained gas
Cylinder sleeve semi-finished product, wherein, undercoating thickness includes carbon by weight in 0.2 ~ 0.4mm, the chemical composition of the ceramic material
Change 2 ~ 3 parts of tungsten, 1 ~ 2 part of carborundum, 1 ~ 2 part of titanium carbide；Blast roughening is carried out to the outer surface of cylinder matrix, makes cylinder jacket matrix
Roughness in outer surface is after 50 ~ 200um, by aluminium powder thermal spraying on cylinder outer surface of matrix, forms theca externa, obtains gas
The granularity of cylinder sleeve finished product, wherein aluminium powder in 100 ~ 250 mesh, powder feed rate in 45 ~ 50g/min, spray distance in 100 ~ 110mm,
Workpiece heating temperature is at 150 ~ 180 DEG C, and the thickness of theca externa is in 0.7 ~ 1.2mm.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve, including cylinder jacket matrix, the cylinder jacket base inner surface coated ceramic material form interior painting
Layer, the internally coated 0.2mm, the chemical composition of the cylinder jacket matrix are counted including C as following weight percent:0.1%,
Si:15%, Cr:0.4%, Ni:0.1%, Mo:0.2%, Cu:2%, Zn:0.3%, Mn:0.2%, Ti:0.4%, surplus is
Al.The cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix rotary spraying aluminium powder forms theca externa, and the thickness of the theca externa is in 0.7mm.
Aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve in this implementation is prepared using following steps：
Raw material is put into middle frequency furnace and carries out melting, obtains liquation, the chemical composition of the raw material is wrapped by weight percentage
Include C:0.1%, Si:15%, Cr:0.4%, Ni:0.1%, Mo:0.2%, Cu:2%, Zn:0.3%, Mn:0.2%, Ti:
0.4%, surplus Al；Centrifugal casting is carried out to the liquation after coming out of the stove, obtains liner blank；Machinery is carried out to liner blank
Processing, obtains cylinder jacket matrix；Cleaning by degreasing drying and processing is carried out to cylinder jacket matrix, then blast is roughened, and treats cylinder jacket base
Ceramic material is sprayed on cylinder jacket base inner surface, thereafter by internal surface roughness after 120 μm using PTWA spraying coating process
Honing process processing is carried out, undercoating is formed, obtains cylinder jacket semi-finished product, wherein, undercoating thickness is in 0.2mm, the ceramics
The chemical composition of material includes 2 ~ 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 1 ~ 2 part of carborundum, 1 ~ 2 part of titanium carbide by weight；To cylinder matrix
Outer surface carries out blast roughening, makes the roughness in cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix after 200um, by aluminium powder thermal spraying in cylinder base
On external surface, form theca externa, obtain cylinder jacket finished product, the wherein granularity of aluminium powder in 100 ~ 250 mesh, powder feed rate 45 ~
50g/min, spray distance is in 100 ~ 110mm, and workpiece heating temperature is at 150 ~ 180 DEG C, and the thickness of theca externa is in 0.7mm.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve, including cylinder jacket matrix, the cylinder jacket base inner surface coated ceramic material form interior painting
Layer, the internally coated 0.4mm, the chemical composition of the cylinder jacket matrix are counted including C as following weight percent:0.4%,
Si:20%, Cr:0.4%, Ni:0.1%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:5%, Zn:0.2%, Mn:0.3%, Ti:0.4%, it is remaining
Measure as Al.The cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix rotary spraying aluminium powder forms theca externa, and the thickness of the theca externa is in 1.2mm.
Aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve in this implementation is prepared using following steps：
Raw material is put into middle frequency furnace and carries out melting, obtains liquation, the chemical composition of the raw material is wrapped by weight percentage
Include C:0.4%, Si:20%, Cr:0.4%, Ni:0.1%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:5%, Zn:0.2%, Mn:0.3%,
Ti:0.4%, surplus Al；Centrifugal casting is carried out to the liquation after coming out of the stove, obtains liner blank；Liner blank is carried out
Machining, obtains cylinder jacket matrix；Cleaning by degreasing drying and processing is carried out to cylinder jacket matrix, then blast is roughened, and treats cylinder
Base inner surface roughness is covered after 120 μm, and ceramic material is sprayed on by cylinder jacket base inner surface using PTWA spraying coating process,
Followed by Honing process is handled, and is formed undercoating, is obtained cylinder jacket semi-finished product, wherein, undercoating thickness is described in 0.4mm
The chemical composition of ceramic material includes 2 parts of tungsten carbide, 2 parts of carborundum, 1 part of titanium carbide by weight；To the outer of cylinder matrix
Surface carries out blast roughening, makes the roughness in cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix after 200um, by aluminium powder thermal spraying in cylinder matrix
On outer surface, form theca externa, obtain cylinder jacket finished product, the wherein granularity of aluminium powder in 100 ~ 250 mesh, powder feed rate 45 ~
50g/min, spray distance is in 100 ~ 110mm, and workpiece heating temperature is at 150 ~ 180 DEG C, and the thickness of theca externa is in 1.2mm.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve, it is characterised in that including cylinder jacket matrix, the cylinder jacket base inner surface coated ceramic Material forms undercoating, and the chemical composition of the cylinder jacket matrix is counted including C as following weight percent:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu:2% ~ 5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al.
- 2. aluminium alloy cylinder sleeve according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix rotation spray aluminising Powder forms theca externa.
- 3. aluminium alloy cylinder sleeve according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the theca externa is in 0.7 ~ 1.2mm.
- 4. aluminium alloy cylinder sleeve according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the internally coated 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.
- 5. aluminium alloy cylinder sleeve according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the internally coated formation comprises the following steps： Oil removing degreasing drying and processing is carried out to cylinder jacket matrix, then blast is roughened, treat cylinder jacket base inner surface roughness 50 ~ After 120 μm, ceramic material is sprayed on by cylinder jacket base inner surface using PTWA spraying coating process, followed by Honing process Reason.
- 6. aluminium alloy cylinder sleeve according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the chemical composition of the ceramic material is by weight Meter includes 2 ~ 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 1 ~ 2 part of carborundum, 1 ~ 2 part of titanium carbide.
- 7. aluminium alloy cylinder sleeve according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the formation of the theca externa comprises the following steps： Blast roughening is carried out to the outer surface of cylinder matrix, makes the roughness in cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix after 50 ~ 200um, by aluminium Powder thermal spraying is on cylinder outer surface of matrix.
- 8. a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：Raw material is put into middle frequency furnace and carries out melting, obtains liquation, the chemical composition of the raw material is wrapped by weight percentage Include C:0.1% ~ 0.4%, Si:15% ~ 20%, Cr:0.2% ~ 0.4%, Ni:0.1% ~ 0.2%, Mo:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Cu: 2% ~ 5%, Zn:≤ 0.4%, Mn:0.2% ~ 0.3%, Ti:≤ 0.4%, surplus Al；Centrifugal casting is carried out to the liquation after coming out of the stove, obtains liner blank；Liner blank is machined, obtains cylinder jacket matrix；Cleaning by degreasing drying and processing is carried out to cylinder jacket matrix, then blast is roughened, and treats that cylinder jacket base inner surface roughness exists After 50 ~ 120 μm, ceramic material is sprayed on by cylinder jacket base inner surface, followed by Honing process using PTWA spraying coating process Processing, undercoating is formed, obtains cylinder jacket semi-finished product, wherein, undercoating thickness is in 0.2 ~ 0.4mm, the change of the ceramic material Study point includes 2 ~ 3 parts of tungsten carbide, 1 ~ 2 part of carborundum, 1 ~ 2 part of titanium carbide by weight；Blast roughening is carried out to the outer surface of cylinder matrix, makes the roughness in cylinder jacket outer surface of matrix after 50 ~ 200um, By aluminium powder thermal spraying on cylinder outer surface of matrix, form theca externa, obtain cylinder jacket finished product, wherein the granularity of aluminium powder 100 ~ 250 mesh, powder feed rate is in 45 ~ 50g/min, and spray distance is in 100 ~ 110mm, and workpiece heating temperature is at 150 ~ 180 DEG C, theca externa Thickness in 0.7 ~ 1.2mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710613225.8A CN107460377A (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710613225.8A CN107460377A (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2017-07-25 | A kind of aluminum alloy cylinder sleeve and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107460377A true CN107460377A (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108588509A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-28 | 中原内配集团安徽有限责任公司 | A kind of cylinder jacket lining and preparation method thereof |
| CN108690925A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-23 | 中原内配集团安徽有限责任公司 | A kind of aluminium silicon titanium alloy cylinder jacket and its processing technology |
| CN109306416A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-05 | 宁波华源精特金属制品有限公司 | A kind of aluminum products |
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| CN101915308A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2010-12-15 | 河南省中原内配股份有限公司 | Novel spraying cylinder sleeve and production process thereof |
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| CN1101701A (en) * | 1993-06-21 | 1995-04-19 | 株式会社丰田自动织机制作所 | Swash-plate-type compressor |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108588509A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-09-28 | 中原内配集团安徽有限责任公司 | A kind of cylinder jacket lining and preparation method thereof |
| CN108690925A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-10-23 | 中原内配集团安徽有限责任公司 | A kind of aluminium silicon titanium alloy cylinder jacket and its processing technology |
| CN109306416A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-02-05 | 宁波华源精特金属制品有限公司 | A kind of aluminum products |
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Application publication date: 20171212 |
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