CN107454349A - It is a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration - Google Patents
It is a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration Download PDFInfo
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- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
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- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/63—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise applied to dark current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/60—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise
- H04N25/67—Noise processing, e.g. detecting, correcting, reducing or removing noise applied to fixed-pattern noise, e.g. non-uniformity of response
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Abstract
It is a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration, belong to imaging sensor and field of signal processing.Solves the destruction sex chromosome mosaicism of steady noise bad point, dark signal nonuniformity, photoresponse nonuniformity, dark current etc. to caused by the image of sCMOS cameras.Imaging characteristicses and steady noise Producing reason and signature analysis of the invention according to sCMOS sensors, devise the adaptive threshold detection algorithm formula of steady noise, the average mode of several darkfield images is utilized simultaneously, Jiang Di Time domains noise, by detecting acquired results, 3 × 3 median filtering algorithm correction has been carried out to steady noise one by one, and effective filling processing has been done to edge.The present invention can quickly and conveniently realize the self-adapting detecting and correction to sCMOS camera steady noises, and processing speed is fast and can effectively reduce the damage degree to image, substantially increases picture quality, has good use value in scientific research camera field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to imaging sensor and field of signal processing, and in particular to based on a kind of magazine raisings of sCMOS
The self-adapting detecting of the steady noise of picture quality and the realization of correcting algorithm.
Background technology
By many technical advantages such as high sensitivity, high-resolution, high reading speed and deep refrigeratings, sCMOS cameras exist
There is unrivaled advantage in terms of high flux screening, DNA sequencing, while client is also provided to most in other field of scientific studies
Good selection.No man is perfect, although effect of sCMOS cameras itself is already outstanding, because sCMOS cameras possess fabulous height
Photoperceptivity, its each light sensitive diode is required for an amplifier of arranging in pairs or groups, if if being calculated with mega pixel, that just needs
The amplifier of up to a million, but amplifier belongs to analog circuit, it is difficult to allow each result of gained to be consistent[1,2], institute
It can also increased relatively with its steady noise, so as to have impact on the quality of image.
Steady noise main source in imaging sensor is the inhomogeneities of dark current, although this noise is common
It is barely perceivable under mode of operation, but can be then observed in long time for exposure or the image shot at high temperature.If
In whole pel array, the dark current of each pixel is different, then steady noise is will result in, because correlated-double-sampling
(CDS) this noise contribution can not be eliminated.Image sensor apparatus, can be because of imaging sensor after long-time use
More steady noises are produced using image is caused.The appearance of steady noise can not only reduce the visual effect of image, more fixed
Noise occurs even can the important image information of lost part[3].Therefore, corresponding suppression has all been formulated in each micro- visible image field
The method of noise.
The current existing steady noise processing method based on medium filtering or gaussian filtering, enters both for entire image
Capable real-time detection and correction process, for each pixel on image compared with the pixel around it, so
The point is judged for bright spot or dim spot according to the bright field threshold value of setting and details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues threshold value afterwards, and passes through median calculation or weighted average
Calculate to correct the gray value of the pixel[4-7].Brought although this processing method can suppress partial noise to picture quality
Influence, but to the demand of image detail information when it have ignored scene changes, and dark current and random noise are to image
The influence of quality, the detailed information of original image and bright dark excessive information are easily lost, for truly, they correct
Be not real steady noise, but doubtful noise, so correction result is also and actual value has certain deviation.For image
For the very high sCMOS scientific research level cameras of quality requirement, this method far can not meet the needs of it is to picture quality.
Therefore, the present invention is according to the imaging characteristicses and steady noise Producing reason and feature of sCMOS sensors point
Analysis[8-11], it is proposed that the adaptive threshold detection formula and adaptive-filtering correcting algorithm of a kind of new steady noise, so as to
SCMOS cameras can be made to be preferably applied for some and require relatively harsh special dimension, preferably play it in scientific research field
Use value.
Bibliography:
[1]Anonymous.sCMOS technology:High Dynamic Range Imaging with sCMOS
(Scientific CMOS);Andor Technology, Fairchild Imaging and PCO adapt CMOS
Technology specially for the needs of scientific imaging [J] .M2Presswire,
2009,:.
[2] Wilson, Andrew.sCMOS cameras target scientific applications [J]
.Vision Systems Design, 2014,19 (3):.
[3]Junichi Nakamura.Image Sensors and Signal Processing for Digital
Still Cameras[M].Taylor and Francis:2005.
[4] Min Jilei, an aromatic plant metioned in ancient books of endangering, Ao Bo, Zeng Yabin Amorphous silicon flat-panel detectors DR image-forming correction methods [J] failure analyses
With prevention, 2015,10 (03):133-138.[2017-09-01].
[5] Cone-Beam CT projection image correction [J] of the wide of Xu Yan, Luo Shouhua, Chen Gong, Zhao Fu based on flat panel detector are calculated
Machine engineering and application, 2016, (04):163-167.
[6] Qian Feng, Jia Jianjun, Zhang Liang, king build bad point correction [J] of space satellite-ground laser communications ATP system detection camera
Chinese laser, 2014, (05):139-145.
[7] Hu Yueli, intelligent outstanding person is counted, Wu Pin, waits the median filtering algorithm of images and its F P G A to realize that [J] computer is surveyed
Amount and control, 2008,16 (11):1672-1675.
[8] cmos image sensings of the gloomy of Wang Hua, Cao Jianzhong, Wang Huawei, Guo Huinan, Zhao Xiaodong, Liu Guang based on method of estimation
The bearing calibration of device column fixed pattern noise [J] is infrared and laser engineering, 2013,42 (07):1928-1932.[2017-09-
01].
[9] bearing calibration [J] the University Of Tianjin journal of Zhou Jin, Yao Suying, Xu Jiang great waves column fixed pattern noises, 2008,
(01):39-43.[2017-09-01].
[10]EMVA Standard 1288:Standard for Characterization of Image Sensors
and Cameras[S].Release 3.0.2010.11
[11] the gorgeous flourish camera properties test of model and EMVA1288 standards [T] visions and image device division department
The content of the invention
The present invention is to propose self-adapting detecting and the bearing calibration of a kind of steady noise based on sCMOS cameras, it is therefore an objective to
Picture quality is improved, solving steady noise, such as bad point, dark signal nonuniformity, light ring to caused by the image of sCMOS cameras
Answer the destruction sex chromosome mosaicism of nonuniformity, dark current etc..
The technical solution adopted in the present invention, specifically comprising following operating procedure:
Step 1, camera lens cover is completely closed, adjusts camera properties parameter, the width darkfield image of continuous acquisition 10;
Step 2, camera lens are pulled down, camera is directed at directional light area source in darkroom, due to image intensity value mistake
The big or too small reading for being all unfavorable for image information, so to be adjusted to the brightness of area source, makes the average gray of image
Reach 70% or so of total gray scale, then the width bright-field image of continuous acquisition 5;
Step 3, under non-illuminated conditions, by the average mode of several darkfield images, can to drop low Time domains noise, due to
Details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues Zhong Time domains noise accounting is larger, so being averaging processing using 10 width darkfield images;
Step 4, under directional light area source, by the average mode of several bright-field images, can to drop low Time domains noise, by
Time domains noise accounts for smaller in bright field, so being averaging processing using 5 width bright-field images;
Step 5, the self-adapting detecting formula of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is set:The threshold value of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is d1, wherein having
Three Index Influence d1 value, index one are the 1/10 of the total gray scale of pixel, are represented with g, and index two is that gray value is arranged from big to small
After row, pixel quantity 1/1000 at the gray value that is shown, i.e., the quantity of steady noise is generally not over entire image institute
Have the 1/1000 of pixel quantity, represented with b, index three adds entire image gray value for the average m1 of entire image gray value
Mean square deviation s1.Because inseparable influence all be present to the threshold value of steady noise in these three indexs, so consider, we
The self-adapting detecting formula of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is set to d1=(g+b+ (m1+s1))/3, when the ash of pixel in darkfield image
When angle value is more than d1, the point is just judged to steady noise by us;
Step 6, using the location coordinate information A1 of step 5 gained steady noise, 3 × 3 have been carried out to steady noise one by one
Median filtering algorithm correction, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has done effective filling processing, and boundary passes through mirror
Filled up as method for reflection, complete the adaptively correcting to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise position;
Step 7, the self-adapting detecting formula of bright field steady noise is set:The threshold value of bright field steady noise is d2, wherein having
Three Index Influence d2 value, index one are the 1/10 of the total gray scale of pixel, are represented with g, because the index is various not by the external world
The interference of good factor, so accounting is larger, it is 50%, index two is after gray value arranges from small to large the 1/ of total number of pixels
The gray value shown at 1000, because the quantity of bright field steady noise generally can all be less than the 1/1000 of total number of pixels, institute
Accounted for the index it is smaller, be 20%, represented with b2, index three for entire image gray value average m2 subtract entire image ash
The mean square deviation s2 of angle value, accounting 30%.Consider, the self-adapting detecting formula of bright field steady noise is set to d2=g by us
× 50%+b2 × 20%+ (m2-s2) × 30%, when the gray value of pixel in bright-field image is less than d2, we are just by the point
It is judged to steady noise;
Step 8, using the location coordinate information A2 of step 7 gained steady noise, 3 × 3 have been carried out to steady noise one by one
Median filtering algorithm correction, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has done effective filling processing, and boundary passes through mirror
Filled up as method for reflection, complete the adaptively correcting to bright field steady noise position;
Step 9, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise coordinate A1 is merged with bright field steady noise coordinate A2, as entire image is all
The position coordinates of steady noise, is represented with A, in the normal use of sCMOS cameras, can add same step 6 as step 8
Adaptive correction algorithm, so as to reach improve camera image quality purpose.
The invention has the advantages that practical application shows, the present invention can not destroy original image normal pixel
On the premise of information, to sCMOS cameras, caused steady noise has carried out self-adapting detecting and correction in shooting process, significantly
Picture quality is improved, there is good use value in scientific research camera field.
The technology of the present invention has following advantage:
(1) present invention is easy to operate, algorithm is simple, and amount of calculation is small, execution efficiency is high, speed is fast.
(2) algorithm of the present invention can hardware be realized in sCMOS scientific research level cameras, is such as realized by FPGA, with
Arithmetic speed is further improved, can also be realized by upper computer software.
(3) present invention utilizes the average mode of multiple image, Jiang Di Time domains noise.
(4) present invention is according to the imaging characteristicses and steady noise Producing reason and signature analysis of sCMOS sensors, design
The adaptive threshold detection algorithm formula of steady noise.
(5) present invention is according to the position coordinates of the steady noise detected, its grey scale pixel value is carried out one by one adaptive
Answer medium filtering to correct, do not destroy the normal pixel information of original image, greatly reduce the damage degree to image, improve
Correction rate, so that correction result is more accurate.
(6) present invention has carried out edge filling processing to the steady noise in border, ensure that the effective of correcting algorithm
Property and accuracy.
(7) the present disclosure applies equally to the self-adapting detecting of other models sCMOS camera steady noises and correction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operational flowchart of the inventive method;
Fig. 2 is that the image before the steady noise correction that the inventive method obtains is not used;
Fig. 3 is the image after the steady noise correction obtained using the inventive method.
Embodiment
Describe the specific implementation of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples.
The integrated operation flow of method proposed by the present invention as shown in Figure 1, is broken generally into two ranks in the specific implementation
Section, i.e., be the imaging characteristicses and steady noise Producing reason and signature analysis according to sCMOS sensors first, devise fixation
The adaptive threshold detection algorithm formula of noise, hereinafter referred to as steady noise detection-phase;Followed by steady noise correction rank
Section, by detecting acquired results, 3 × 3 median filtering algorithm correction is carried out to steady noise one by one, and had to edge
The filling processing of effect.
The operating process of steady noise detection-phase is as follows:
Step 1, camera lens cover is completely closed, adjusts camera properties parameter, the width darkfield image of continuous acquisition 10;
Step 2, camera lens are pulled down, camera is directed at directional light area source in darkroom, due to image intensity value mistake
The big or too small reading for being all unfavorable for image information, so to be adjusted to the brightness of area source, makes the average gray of image
Reach 70% or so of total gray scale, then the width bright-field image of continuous acquisition 5;
Step 3, under non-illuminated conditions, by the average mode of several darkfield images, can to drop low Time domains noise, due to
Details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues Zhong Time domains noise accounting is larger, so being averaging processing using 10 width darkfield images;
Step 4, under directional light area source, by the average mode of several bright-field images, can to drop low Time domains noise, by
Time domains noise accounts for smaller in bright field, so being averaging processing using 5 width bright-field images;
Step 5, the self-adapting detecting formula of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is set:The threshold value of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is d1, wherein having
Three Index Influence d1 value, index one are the 1/10 of the total gray scale of pixel, are represented with g, and index two is that gray value is arranged from big to small
After row, total number of pixels 1/1000 at the gray value that is shown, i.e., the quantity of steady noise is generally not over entire image
The 1/1000 of all pixels quantity, is represented with b, and index three adds entire image gray value for the average m1 of entire image gray value
Mean square deviation s1.Because inseparable influence all be present to the threshold value of steady noise in these three indexs, so consider, I
The self-adapting detecting formula of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is set to d1=(g+b+ (m1+s1))/3, when pixel in darkfield image
When gray value is more than d1, the point is just judged to steady noise by us;
Step 6, the self-adapting detecting formula of bright field steady noise is set:The threshold value of bright field steady noise is d2, wherein having
Three Index Influence d2 value, index one are the 1/10 of the total gray scale of pixel, are represented with g, because the index is various not by the external world
The interference of good factor, so accounting is larger, it is 50%, index two is after gray value arranges from small to large the 1/ of total number of pixels
The gray value shown at 1000, because the quantity of bright field steady noise generally can all be less than the 1/1000 of total number of pixels, institute
Accounted for the index it is smaller, be 20%, represented with b2, index three for entire image gray value average m2 subtract entire image ash
The mean square deviation s2 of angle value, accounting 30%.Consider, the self-adapting detecting formula of bright field steady noise is set to d2=g by us
× 50%+b2 × 20%+ (m2-s2) × 30%, when the gray value of pixel in bright-field image is less than d2, we are just by the point
It is judged to steady noise;
The operating process of steady noise calibration phase is as follows:
Step 7, using the location coordinate information A1 of step 5 gained steady noise, 3 × 3 have been carried out to steady noise one by one
Median filtering algorithm correction, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has done effective filling processing, and boundary passes through mirror
Filled up as method for reflection, complete the adaptively correcting to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise position;
Step 8, using the location coordinate information A2 of step 6 gained steady noise, 3 × 3 have been carried out to steady noise one by one
Median filtering algorithm correction, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has done effective filling processing, and boundary passes through mirror
Filled up as method for reflection, complete the adaptively correcting to bright field steady noise position;
Step 9, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise coordinate A1 is merged with bright field steady noise coordinate A2, as entire image is all
The position coordinates of steady noise, is represented with A, in the normal use of sCMOS cameras, can add same step 7 as step 8
Adaptive correction algorithm, so as to reach improve camera image quality purpose.
Accompanying drawing 2 is that the details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues gray level image before the steady noise correction that the inventive method collection obtains is not used, and accompanying drawing 3 is
Self-adapting correction method proposed by the invention has been used accompanying drawing 2 to be fixed the image after noise compensation.Two figures compare,
It can significantly find out, steady noise detection and bearing calibration proposed by the invention based on sCMOS, efficiently solve fixation
Noise bad point, dark signal nonuniformity, photoresponse nonuniformity, dark current etc. to caused by the image of sCMOS cameras
Destroy sex chromosome mosaicism.
Practical application shows that the present invention can quickly and conveniently realize self-adapting detecting and the correction to steady noise, place
Reason speed is fast and can effectively reduce the damage degree to image, substantially increases picture quality, has very in scientific research camera field
Good use value.
Claims (5)
- It is 1. a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration, it is characterised in that this method includes such as Lower step:Step 1, camera lens cover is completely closed, adjusts camera properties parameter, the width darkfield image of continuous acquisition 10;Step 2, camera lens are pulled down, camera are directed at directional light area source in darkroom, because image intensity value is excessive or The too small reading for being all unfavorable for image information, so to be adjusted to the brightness of area source, reach the average gray of image 70% or so of total gray scale, then the width bright-field image of continuous acquisition 5;Step 3,, can be to drop low Time domains noise, due to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues by the average mode of several darkfield images under non-illuminated conditions Zhong Time domains noise accounting is larger, so being averaging processing using 10 width darkfield images;Step 4,, can be to drop low Time domains noise, due to bright by the average mode of several bright-field images under directional light area source Time domains noise accounts for smaller in, so being averaging processing using 5 width bright-field images;Step 5, the self-adapting detecting formula of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is set:The threshold value of details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is d1, wherein there is three Index Influence d1 value, index one are the 1/10 of the total gray scale of pixel, are represented with g, after index two arranges from big to small for gray value, The quantity of the gray value shown at the 1/1000 of total number of pixels, i.e. steady noise is generally not over all pictures of entire image The 1/1000 of prime number amount, is represented with b, and index three adds the square of entire image gray value for the average m1 of entire image gray value Poor s1.Because these three indexs all have inseparable influence to the threshold value of steady noise, so considering, we will be dark The self-adapting detecting formula of field steady noise is set to d1=(g+b+ (m1+s1))/3, when the gray value of pixel in darkfield image During more than d1, the point is just judged to steady noise by us;Step 6, using the location coordinate information A1 of step 5 gained steady noise, steady noise has been carried out in 3 × 3 one by one Value filtering algorithm corrects, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has done effective filling processing, and boundary is anti-by mirror image Shooting method is filled up, and completes the adaptively correcting to details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise position;Step 7, the self-adapting detecting formula of bright field steady noise is set:The threshold value of bright field steady noise is d2, wherein there is three Index Influence d2 value, index one are the 1/10 of the total gray scale of pixel, are represented with g, due to the index not by it is extraneous it is various it is bad because The interference of element, so accounting is larger, it is 50%, index two is after gray value arranges from small to large the 1/1000 of total number of pixels The gray value that place is shown, should because the quantity of bright field steady noise generally can all be less than the 1/1000 of total number of pixels Index accounts for smaller, is 20%, is represented with b2, index three subtracts entire image gray value for the average m2 of entire image gray value Mean square deviation s2, accounting 30%.Consider, we by the self-adapting detecting formula of bright field steady noise be set to d2=g × 50%+b2 × 20%+ (m2-s2) × 30%, when the gray value of pixel in bright-field image is less than d2, we just sentence the point For steady noise;Step 8, using the location coordinate information A2 of step 7 gained steady noise, steady noise has been carried out in 3 × 3 one by one Value filtering algorithm corrects, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has done effective filling processing, and boundary is anti-by mirror image Shooting method is filled up, and completes the adaptively correcting to bright field steady noise position;Step 9, details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise coordinate A1 is merged with bright field steady noise coordinate A2, as all fixations of entire image The position coordinates of noise, is represented with A, in the normal use of sCMOS cameras, can add same step 6 with as step 8 from Correcting algorithm is adapted to, so as to reach the purpose for improving camera image quality.
- It is 2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration, its feature It is, in steps of 5 the self-adapting detecting formula of described determination details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise threshold value:Proposing, which influences details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues fixation, makes an uproar Three kinds of indexs of sound, and considered the accounting situation of three indexs, the self-adapting detecting for devising details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues steady noise is calculated Method formula.
- It is 3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration, its feature It is, in step 7 the self-adapting detecting formula of described determination bright field steady noise threshold value:Proposing, which influences bright field fixation, makes an uproar Three kinds of indexs of sound, and considered the accounting situation of three indexs, devise the adaptive algorithm inspection of bright field steady noise Survey formula.
- It is 4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration, its feature It is, the medium filtering described in step 6 and step 8:Just at steady noise position carry out median filter process, The normal pixel information of original image is not destroyed, and the steady noise for being pointed to image boundary has carried out edge filling processing, Boundary is filled up by mirror reflection method, so that the filter effect of edge is more authentic and valid.
- It is 5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of based on the steady noise self-adapting detecting of sCMOS cameras and bearing calibration, its feature It is, the correcting algorithm by steady noise is added in sCMOS cameras in step 9, can consolidating according to detection gained Determine the position of noise, complete the adaptively correcting processing to camera steady noise.
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