CN107453867A - A kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method and device - Google Patents
A kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107453867A CN107453867A CN201710666920.0A CN201710666920A CN107453867A CN 107453867 A CN107453867 A CN 107453867A CN 201710666920 A CN201710666920 A CN 201710666920A CN 107453867 A CN107453867 A CN 107453867A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- local oscillator
- flashlight
- light
- transmitting terminal
- continuous variable
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method and device, method therein comprises the following steps：Step 1: clock produces；Step 2: local oscillator light and flashlight separation；Step 3: quantum signal Gaussian modulation；Step 4: quantum signal is reverse；Step 5: quantum signal detects.The present invention has extremely strong security and exploitativeness, and the program avoids the transmission of local oscillator light, compensate for the leak that listener-in utilizes local oscillator optical transport by producing local oscillator light in transmitting terminal and carrying out the detection of signal in transmitting terminal；In addition, because local oscillator light and flashlight both are from same light source, therefore its frequency difference is little, and phase jitter is small, therefore final phase noise substantially reduces；On the other hand, as a result of the structure of reciprocation type, the polarization drift in transmitting procedure will compensate automatically, avoid due to polarize drift about caused by systematic function decline, thus the program causes the long-time stability of system to improve.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of key to distribute field, more particularly to a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum
Key location mode and device.
Background technology
Under the background that computer information technology develops rapidly, requirement of the information technology to Information Security increasingly increases.
In recent years, because quantum key distribution technology can physically ensure the Unconditional security of communication, and cause that people's is wide
General concern.
Quantum key distribution technology can be divided into two major classes on the whole：Discrete variable quantum key distribution and continuous variable quantum
Key is distributed.To be compared with discrete variable quantum key distribution, continuous variable quantum key distribution has higher code check, therefore,
The numerous studies of many researchers' progress in theory and are experimentally attracted.Quantum-mechanical general principle is relied on, it is continuous to become
The theory α coefficient of amount is by Strict Proof.However, its physical security is still in conceptual phase.And the phase of physical security
Close in research, be exactly local oscillator light the problem of main the problem of：Initial continuous variable quantum key distribution agreement need by
Local oscillator light is sent to receiving terminal from transmitting terminal is interfered with signal, and listener-in can be reached by changing local oscillator light in the channel
To the purpose of steal information.
In order to make up this leak, some researchers propose and do not transmit local oscillator light, and produce local oscillator light in receiving terminal
Scheme, the program solves the problems, such as the leak for transmitting local oscillator light to a certain extent, but the program is disadvantageous in that local
Caused local oscillator light and signal light frequency are inconsistent, and phase place change is big, therefore can produce larger phase noise, and due to local oscillator
Light is different from the channel that flashlight passes through, and polarization can drift about over time, causes to interfere Quality Down, therefore the program
Long-time stability it is also poor.
The content of the invention
For existing the defects of not transmitting local oscillator light scheme, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation
Continuous variable quantum key distribution method and device, to reduce phase noise, improve the stability of polarization.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized according to following technical scheme：
The invention provides a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
Step 1: clock produces：The transmitting terminal of continuous variable quantum key distribution system produces clock；
Step 2: local oscillator light and flashlight separation：Clock is divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power flashlight,
And local oscillator light and flashlight are separated；
Step 3: quantum signal Gaussian modulation：Signal optical transport is carried on flashlight to receiving terminal, and by information；
Step 4: quantum signal is reverse：After receiving end signal modulation, by signals reverse, and return and send through same channel
End；
Step 5: quantum signal detects：Flashlight and the alignment of locally generated local oscillator light of transmitting terminal will be returned to, gone forward side by side
The relevant detection of row, by rear end electric signal over-sampling, obtaining primary key.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 1, the transmitting terminal of continuous variable quantum key distribution system passes through narrow
Line width laser produces continuous light, and continuous light is cut into clock by the intensity modulator of a High Extinction Ratio.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 2, pass through one 99：Light-pulse generator is divided into big work(by 1 beam splitter
The local oscillator light and low power flashlight of rate.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 4, by faraday mirror by signals reverse.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step 5, the flashlight of transmitting terminal and locally generated local oscillator light are returned to
Two pulses are made to align by adjustable delay line.
Present invention also offers a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution device, it is characterised in that
Including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, described transmitting terminal, it includes：
Pulse source generator, it is used to produce clock；
Beam splitter, it is connected with impulse generator, and for light-pulse generator to be divided into powerful local oscillator light and small-power
Flashlight；And
Detecting system, it is connected with pulse source generator and beam splitter respectively, and for the signal of transmitting terminal will to be returned to
Light and the alignment of locally generated local oscillator light, and relevant detection is carried out, by rear end electric signal over-sampling, obtaining primary key；
Described receiving terminal, it includes：
Gaussian modulation module, it is connected with beam splitter and receives the flashlight of beam splitter, and loads the information into flashlight
On；And
Faraday mirror, it is connected with Gaussian modulation module, and for the signal after Gaussian modulation module is modulated, passes through method
Draw mirror reverse, and transmitting terminal is returned by same channel.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the pulse source generator includes narrow linewidth laser and intensity modulator, therein narrow
Line width laser is used to produce continuous light, and intensity modulator is used to continuous light caused by narrow linewidth laser being cut into pulse
Source.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the beam splitter is 99：1 beam splitter.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
The present invention has extremely strong security and exploitativeness.First in actual quantum key distribution system, listener-in
The purpose that local oscillator light reaches eavesdropping can be changed in the channel.And the program in transmitting terminal by producing local oscillator light and in transmitting terminal
The detection of signal is carried out, avoids the transmission of local oscillator light, compensate for the leak that listener-in utilizes local oscillator optical transport；In addition,
Because local oscillator light and flashlight both are from same light source, therefore its frequency difference is little, and phase jitter is small, therefore final phase
Position noise substantially reduces；On the other hand, as a result of the structure of reciprocation type, the polarization drift in transmitting procedure will mend automatically
Repay, avoid the systematic function caused by polarizing drift and decline, thus the program causes the long-time stability of system to carry
It is high.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the flow signal of the reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method of the embodiment of the present invention 1
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution device of the embodiment of the present invention 2
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of impulse generator.
Wherein：1- transmitting terminals, 11- impulse generators, 111- narrow linewidth lasers, 112- intensity modulators, 12- beam splitting
Device, 13- detecting systems, 2- receiving terminals, 21- Gaussian modulation modules, 22- faraday mirrors.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.
The present invention is to produce clock in transmitting terminal, and is classified as flashlight and local oscillator light, and local oscillator light is retained in into this
Ground, and unmodulated flashlight is sent to receiving terminal.Information is carried on flashlight by Gaussian modulation in receiving terminal, led to
Cross faraday mirror and carry out the reverse of signal, and transmitting terminal is transmitted back to by same channel.After transmitting terminal receives quantum signal, make
Interfered with locally generated local oscillator light with it, result of interference obtains primary key after over-sampling.Pass through adjustable delay line
Flashlight and local oscillator light is set to align, interference effect reaches optimal.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method is present embodiments provided, including
Following steps：
Step 1: clock produces：The transmitting terminal of continuous variable quantum key distribution system produces clock；
Step 2: local oscillator light and flashlight separation：Clock is divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power flashlight,
And local oscillator light and flashlight are separated；
Step 3: quantum signal Gaussian modulation：Signal optical transport is carried on flashlight to receiving terminal, and by information, this
Place, the Gaussian modulation that reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method uses, it can be ensured that even if in listener-in
In the case of farthest eavesdropping, communicating pair still can be made to obtain maximum information content；
Step 4: quantum signal is reverse：After receiving end signal modulation, by signals reverse, and return and send through same channel
End；
Step 5: quantum signal detects：Flashlight and the alignment of locally generated local oscillator light of transmitting terminal will be returned to, gone forward side by side
The relevant detection of row, by rear end electric signal over-sampling, obtaining primary key, herein, reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable amount
The quantum signal of quantum key distribution method is detected not in receiving terminal but in transmitting terminal so that local oscillator light need not be entered by channel
Row transmission, listener-in can not will in the channel take the mode for changing local oscillator light to obtain information, physical security is carried
It is high.
Preferably, in the step 1, the transmitting terminal of continuous variable quantum key distribution system passes through narrow-linewidth laser
Device produces continuous light, and continuous light is cut into clock by the intensity modulator of a High Extinction Ratio, then passes through beam splitter
It is divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power flashlight, local oscillator light and quantum signal light source herein are same laser,
Therefore their frequency is close, and phase jitter is little, therefore final phase noise very little, simultaneously as without channel
Local oscillator optical attenuation can be ignored, therefore more easily reach shot noise limit during relevant detection.
In step 2, pass through one 99：Light-pulse generator is divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power by 1 beam splitter
Flashlight.
In step 4, by faraday mirror by signals reverse, return to signal by faraday mirror, the reciprocation type structure
The automatic compensation of polarization drift is enabled to, the long-time stability of scheme greatly improves.
In step 5, the flashlight and locally generated local oscillator light that return to transmitting terminal make two arteries and veins by adjustable delay line
Punching alignment.Flashlight and local oscillator light are pulsed light, therefore the alignment of pulse is particularly critical, and we use adjustable delay line by arteries and veins
Rush alignment to be interfered, signal quality greatly improves.
Specifically, the present invention uses a 1550nm continuous wave laser as coherent source, laser in transmitting terminal first
Line width be 1.5kHz, its output light cuts into 1MHz pulse train by the AM modulators of High Extinction Ratio, generation
Pulsewidth is 200ns.
Followed by 99:1 beam splitter is divided into two beams, wherein a beam power it is small be sent to reception as flashlight
End, high-power another Shu Zuowei local oscillators light are maintained at transmitting terminal.
Flashlight reaches receiving terminal by decaying to 0.2dB/km 20km fiber reel, in receiving terminal by intensity modulator
Pass through Gaussian modulation load information with phase-modulator.Information after modulation returns again to transmitting terminal by faraday mirror；
Because signal road is needed also exist for local oscillator by faraday mirror phase there occurs 90 degree of rotation, therefore in transmitting terminal
Light is rotated accordingly by faraday mirror；On the other hand, it is optimal in order that obtaining interference effect, uses precision as ps levels
Adjustable delay line by pulse alignment interfered, signal quality greatly improves.
Realize that x and p selection measures by phase-modulator by postrotational local oscillator light, and by with a width of 25MHz
Zero-difference detection device carry out detection obtain initial key.Finally, initial data is sent into classical error correction code and secrecy strengthens two moulds
Block completes cipher key-extraction.
Embodiment 2
Present invention also offers a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution device, referring to Fig. 2 and figure
3, including transmitting terminal 1 and receiving terminal 2, transmitting terminal 1 therein, it includes：
Pulse source generator 11, it is used to produce clock；
Beam splitter 12, it is connected with pulse source generator 11, and for by light-pulse generator be divided into powerful local oscillator light and
Low power flashlight；And
Detecting system 13, it is connected with pulse source generator 11, and for flashlight and the local of transmitting terminal 1 will to be returned to
Caused local oscillator light alignment, and relevant detection is carried out, by rear end electric signal over-sampling, obtaining primary key；
Receiving terminal 2 therein, it includes：
Gaussian modulation module 21, it is connected with beam splitter 12 and receives the flashlight of beam splitter 12, and loads the information into
On flashlight；And
Faraday mirror 22, it is connected with Gaussian modulation module 21, and is used for the signal after Gaussian modulation module 21 is modulated,
It is reverse by faraday mirror 22, and return to transmitting terminal 1 by same channel.
Pulse source generator 11 includes narrow linewidth laser 111 and intensity modulator 112, narrow linewidth laser therein
111 are used to produce continuous light, and intensity modulator 112 is used to continuous light caused by narrow linewidth laser 111 being cut into clock.
Beam splitter 12 is 99：1 beam splitter 12.
Gaussian modulation module 21 in the present embodiment includes intensity modulator and phase-modulator, and this is prior art, this
Place repeats no more.
Detecting system 13 in the present embodiment is prior art, and here is omitted.
The present invention has extremely strong security, produces local oscillator light by transmitting terminal and carries out relevant detection in transmitting terminal, keeps away
The transmission of local oscillator light is exempted from, so as to compensate for the leak that listener-in utilizes local oscillator light in the channel；In addition, the program has simultaneously
High-performance, because local oscillator light and flashlight source are same light source, therefore its frequency difference is little, and phase jitter is small, therefore
Final phase noise will significantly reduce compared with different light sources；The other invention uses reciprocation type structure, due to being passed in channel
Defeated caused polarization drift will compensate automatically in the channel of return, therefore polarize systematic function decline caused by drift and also can
Corresponding to reduce, the long-time stability of system is improved.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or change within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.In the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1: clock produces：The transmitting terminal of continuous variable quantum key distribution system produces clock；
Step 2: local oscillator light and flashlight separation：Clock is divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power flashlight, and will
Local oscillator light and flashlight separation；
Step 3: quantum signal Gaussian modulation：Signal optical transport is carried on flashlight to receiving terminal, and by information；
Step 4: quantum signal is reverse：After receiving end signal modulation, transmitting terminal is returned by signals reverse, and through same channel；
Step 5: quantum signal detects：Flashlight and the alignment of locally generated local oscillator light of transmitting terminal will be returned to, and carry out phase
Dry detection, by rear end electric signal over-sampling, obtaining primary key.
2. reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 1, the transmitting terminal of continuous variable quantum key distribution system is produced continuously by narrow linewidth laser
Light, and continuous light is cut into by clock by the intensity modulator of a High Extinction Ratio.
3. reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 2, pass through one 99：Light-pulse generator is divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power by 1 beam splitter
Flashlight.
4. reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 4, by faraday mirror by signals reverse.
5. reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key delivering method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 5, the flashlight and locally generated local oscillator light that return to transmitting terminal make two arteries and veins by adjustable delay line
Punching alignment.
6. a kind of reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution device, it is characterised in that including transmitting terminal and reception
End, described transmitting terminal, it includes：
Pulse source generator, it is used to produce clock；
Beam splitter, it is connected with pulse source generator, and for light-pulse generator to be divided into powerful local oscillator light and low power
Flashlight；And
Detecting system, it is connected with pulse source generator and beam splitter respectively, and for by return to transmitting terminal flashlight and
Locally generated local oscillator light alignment, and relevant detection is carried out, by rear end electric signal over-sampling, obtaining primary key；
Described receiving terminal, it includes：
Gaussian modulation module, it is connected with beam splitter and receives the flashlight of beam splitter, and loads the information on flashlight；With
And
Faraday mirror, it is connected with Gaussian modulation module, and for the signal after Gaussian modulation module is modulated, passes through faraday
Mirror is reverse, and returns to transmitting terminal by same channel.
7. reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that institute
Stating pulse source generator includes narrow linewidth laser and intensity modulator, and narrow linewidth laser therein is used to produce continuous light,
Intensity modulator is used to continuous light caused by narrow linewidth laser being cut into clock.
8. reciprocation type Gaussian modulation continuous variable quantum key distribution device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that institute
Beam splitter is stated as 99：1 beam splitter.
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| CN107682144A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-02-09 | 上海循态信息科技有限公司 | Continuous variable cryptographic key distribution method based on Binary phase coded modulation and Data Post |
| CN108337086A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-07-27 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of Phase synchronization method of sampling the point-score system suitable for quantum key |
| CN111526017A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-11 | 中南大学 | Underwater reciprocating type continuous variable quantum key distribution system and method thereof |
| CN114221758A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-22 | 湖南大学 | Round-trip double-phase modulation quantum key sharing system and method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |