CN107450101A - Geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet - Google Patents
Geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/307—Analysis for determining seismic attributes, e.g. amplitude, instantaneous phase or frequency, reflection strength or polarity
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/32—Transforming one recording into another or one representation into another
- G01V1/325—Transforming one representation into another
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/40—Transforming data representation
- G01V2210/48—Other transforms
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet, including：Generate seismic wavelet sequence；Multiple wavelet seismic channel data is decomposed；The selected wavelet or wavelet range for participating in Color seperation grating；Calculate the frequency spectrum and amplitude envelope of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；Calculate the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；Processing is overlapped to the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating.Method under this invention, the divided down version for more accurately reflecting subterranean strata and physical features can be obtained, except providing original earthquake data in addition to the frequency dividing of given crossover frequency, there is provided simultaneously by selecting the new geological data that different wavelets are reconstructed to provide more reliable scientific basis in the frequency dividing of given crossover frequency, explanation and prediction for petroleum resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet, belong to earthquake resource (oil, coal, ore deposit
Production etc.) exploration in seism processing and explain technical field.
Background technology
Geological data frequency dividing is exactly the energy that given (frequency dividing) frequency is extracted from a seismic channel or seismic signal.
The energy changes over time.After the result of frequency dividing is calculated by given frequency to a section or data volume, it can be used for showing
Show, be further explained and analyze, so to corresponding stratum characteristic and possible oil-gaws bearing character extremely spatial distribution and
Change, makes further supposition, to improve the accuracy rate of petroleum-gas prediction.
Currently used Color seperation grating method includes being based on short time Fourier transform (Short Time Fourier
Transform, STFT) dividing method, dividing method based on wavelet transformation (Wavelet Transform) and based on matching
Follow the trail of the dividing method that (Matching Pursuit) seismic channel decomposes.The geological data that above method is limited to be based on decomposes
The limitation of method, still there are the following problems：
For the dividing method based on STFT, once selected, the resolution ratio on Time And Frequency just secures window at that time, this
The single time-frequency resolution of kind is unfavorable for differentiating simultaneous low-frequency acoustic signal and high-frequency seism signal.
For the dividing method based on wavelet transformation, its obtained wavelet coefficient belongs to l2Norm optimization, that is, negating to penetrate is
NumberMinimum, be non-Its Sparse Decomposition, in seismic channel seismic wavelet parse degree it is poor, because obtained from divide
The problem of resolution difference be present in frequency result.
For the dividing method decomposed based on match tracing seismic channel, it is a kind of no-global-optimization's algorithm, the knot of decomposition
Fruit is not unique, can change with the order of matching wavelet, while is also non-Its Sparse Decomposition, and analytic ability is poor.
Above-mentioned Color seperation grating method can only calculate the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of original earthquake data, it is impossible to effectively go
Fall geologic setting and noise effect that may be present.
In addition to the above methods, Anping was proposed in 2006 with earthquake Wavelet Base, the principle followed the trail of based on base, using linear
The computational methods of planning, a seismic channel is resolved into by giving the wavelet set that forms of seismic wavelet in seismic wavelet storehouse
Algorithm.After should seismic channel be decomposed in this way, with all obtained wavelets, it is possible to reconstruct the ground before original decomposition
Shake road.Reconstructed with part wavelet, new seismic channel can be obtained.
The content of the invention
In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet, pass through
To the screening of wavelet in calculating process, remove the geologic setting unrelated with oil gas and possible noise effect, calculate by selected
The frequency dividing of the geological data for the wavelet reconstruct selected, the further protrusion information related to oil gas, in next step to petroleum resources
Explain and predict, there is provided more reliable scientific basis.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet, including：
S1：Generate seismic wavelet sequence；
S2：Multiple wavelet seismic channel data is decomposed；
S3：The selected wavelet or wavelet range for participating in Color seperation grating；
S4：Calculate the frequency spectrum and amplitude envelope of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；
S5：Calculate the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；
S6：Processing is overlapped to the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating.
In the step S6, the given frequency dividing frequency of the seismic channel data corresponding to all selected wavelets for participating in Color seperation grating
The frequency dividing of rate, equal to it is single it is selected participate in Color seperation grating wavelet given crossover frequency frequency dividing superposition, i.e.,：
Wherein, fpTo give crossover frequency, N is the selected wavelet number for participating in Color seperation grating.
In the step S5, for the selected wavelet w for participating in Color seperation gratingi(t-t0i), calculate its frequency spectrum FiAnd amplitude (f)
Envelope Ei(t-t0i) product, obtain Energy distribution of the wavelet in time-frequency plane, i.e.,：
Vi(t, f)=Fi(f)*Ei(t-t0i) (3)
For giving crossover frequency fp, selected participation Color seperation grating wavelet w is calculated according to formula (3)i(t-t0) frequency dividing
For：
Vi(t, fp)=Fi(fp)*Ei(t-t0i) (4)
Wherein, * represents that both sides function is multiplied.
In the step S3, select whole wavelets to participate in Color seperation grating, obtain the divided down version of corresponding seismic traces.
In the step S3, selected section wavelet participates in Color seperation grating, obtains the seismic channel of corresponding part wavelet reconstruct
Divided down version.
In the step S2, the seismic wavelet sequence based on generation, each seismic channel is decomposed, obtain with each
Shake one group of l corresponding to road1Norm optimization, sparse, Accurate Reconstruction goes out the seismic wavelet of seismic traces.
It is an advantage of the invention that：
The method of the present invention, the wavelet decomposing to obtain based on multiple wavelet calculate the frequency dividing of given crossover frequency, by
To the screening of wavelet in calculating process, remove the geologic setting unrelated with oil gas and possible noise effect, calculate by selected
Wavelet reconstruct geological data frequency dividing, the further protrusion information related to oil gas, it is possible to increase geological data divide counts
The precision of calculation, for accurate analysis and prediction stratum oil-gas possibility, there is provided more reliable scientific basis.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the multiple wavelet sequence diagram of an of the invention specific embodiment, and wherein abscissa is wavelet dominant frequency, ordinate
For the time.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, the geological data dividing method disclosed by the invention based on multiple wavelet, comprises the following steps：
S1：Generate seismic wavelet sequence；
The method of generation seismic wavelet sequence is divided into following two：
A, structure mathematics wavelet
The wavelet of i.e. different dominant frequency is calculated by mathematic(al) representation, and wavelet sequence is sequentially calculated.Such as, rake
The mathematic(al) representation of ripple is：
Wherein, fiIt is the peak swing frequency of wavelet.During constructor wave train, set different, equidistant maximum is shaken
Swing frequency fi, corresponding wavelet is sequentially calculated, obtains wavelet sequence.
B, interpolation calculation obtains wavelet sequence
During seism processing and explanation, it can generally extract what is be consistent with geological data from geological data
Seismic wavelet, the wavelet are expressed as the floating-point array of a constant duration, in this case, are inserted using cubic spline is round and smooth
Value obtains wavelet sequence.
In the time range of preliminary wavelet, interpolation points are more than original number of samples, i.e. interpolation time interval is less than original
During the time interval of wavelet, when assigning the time interval of preliminary wavelet to the floating-point array obtained after interpolation so that the master of wavelet
Frequency reduces.Conversely, interpolation points are less than original number of samples, i.e., it is right when interpolation time interval is more than the time interval of preliminary wavelet
When the floating-point array obtained after interpolation assigns the time interval of preliminary wavelet so that the dominant frequency rise of wavelet.On this basis, transport
With binary system search algorithm, it is possible to obtain the wavelet of any given dominant frequency, then, repeat above interpolation and binary system search meter
Calculation process, it is possible to obtain required wavelet sequence.As shown in Fig. 2 its display is based on a seismic wavelet, calculated by interpolation
Method obtain wavelet sequence, its wavelet basic frequency at intervals of 1Hz.
S2：Multiple wavelet seismic channel data is decomposed；
Wavelet sequence based on generation, is decomposed to each seismic channel, can be expressed as seeking satisfaction by a seismic channel
l1The problem of sparse earthquake wavelet coefficient sequence of norm optimization：
Minimizing CTR, AR=S is given, R ＞ 0, wherein C are unit vectors；R is wavelet reflectance factor vector；S is ground
Shake road；A is the matrix being made up of the wavelet in wavelet sequence, the sampling point structure that each wavelet corresponds in S in wavelet sequence
Into an A row；The sampling point equally corresponded to the negative wavelet of each wavelet, each negative wavelet in S；In addition, each positron
Ripple forms a row, each parsing minimum of each negative wavelet in seismic channel S in the position of seismic channel S each parsing maximum
Position form one row.
Using the method for linear optimization to above-mentioned linear system solution, l is met1The sparse seismic wavelet of norm optimization
Coefficient sequence R.Most elements in sequence R are equal to 0 or close to 0, remove 0 and it is insignificant close to 0 element, accordingly
, remove corresponding row or wavelet in matrix A, obtain one group can the Accurate Expression seismic channel, sparse wavelet.
S3：Selection participates in the wavelet or wavelet range of Color seperation grating；
The purpose explained according to the analysis to data and follow-up oil-gas possibility, selectes wavelet or wavelet range, and with sub
The basic frequency (also referred to as peak swing frequency) of ripple represents.Such as the wavelet that basic frequency is 3-15Hz.If select all decomposition
Obtained wavelet, obtained divided down version are equal to the frequency dividing of seismic traces.If only selected section wavelet, obtained result
It is equal to the frequency dividing of seismic channel reconstructed by selected part wavelet.
S4：Calculate the frequency spectrum and amplitude envelope of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；
A, for the mathematics wavelet of construction, calculated using the frequency spectrum calculating formula corresponding with digital wavelet,
Such as, it is for Ricker wavelet shown in formula (1), its corresponding frequency spectrum calculation formula：
Wherein, fiIt is the peak swing frequency of i-th of wavelet.
B, any wavelet obtained for interpolation, its frequency spectrum can pass through fast Fourier transform (Fourier
Transform) method is calculated.
For selected Ricker wavelet and any wavelet w obtained by interpolationi(t-t0i) amplitude envelope Ei(t-t0i), can
It is calculated by conventional Hilbert transform (Hilbert Transform) method, wherein, t0iIt is wavelet in seismic channel
Time location, circular have belonged to prior art, and the present invention is without describing in detail.
S5：Calculate the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；
To each selected wavelet wi(t-t0i), seek its frequency spectrum Fi(f) with amplitude envelope Ei(t-t0i) product, obtain
The wavelet time-frequency plane Energy distribution, i.e.,：
Vi(t, f)=Fi(f)*Ei(t-t0i) (3)
By given crossover frequency fp, bring formula (3) into and obtain selecting participation Color seperation grating wavelet wi(t-t0) frequency dividing
For：
Vi(t, fp)=Fi(fp)*Ei(t-t0i) (4)
Wherein, * represents that both sides function is multiplied.
S6：Processing is overlapped to all selected frequency dividings for participating in Color seperation grating wavelet.
The frequency dividing for the seismic channel that the wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating with all selecting is reconstructed, participate in dividing equal to all selected
The superposition of the frequency dividing for the wavelet that frequency meter is calculated, i.e.,：
Wherein, fpIt is given crossover frequency, N is the selected wavelet number for participating in Color seperation grating.
The technical principle described above for being presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and its being used, for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any equivalent change based on the basis of technical solution of the present invention
Change, the simply obvious change such as replacement, belong within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet, it is characterised in that including：
S1：Generate seismic wavelet sequence；
S2：Multiple wavelet seismic channel data is decomposed；
S3：The selected wavelet or wavelet range for participating in Color seperation grating；
S4：Calculate the frequency spectrum and amplitude envelope of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；
S5：Calculate the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating；
S6：Processing is overlapped to the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating.
2. the geological data dividing method according to claim 1 based on multiple wavelet, it is characterised in that the step S6
In, the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the seismic channel data corresponding to all selected wavelets for participating in Color seperation grating, equal to single
The superposition of the frequency dividing of the given crossover frequency of the selected wavelet for participating in Color seperation grating, i.e.,：
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Wherein, fpTo give crossover frequency, N is the selected wavelet number for participating in Color seperation grating.
3. the geological data dividing method according to claim 2 based on multiple wavelet, it is characterised in that the step S5
In, for the selected wavelet w for participating in Color seperation gratingi(t-t0i), calculate its frequency spectrum FiAnd amplitude envelope E (f)i(t-t0i) multiply
Product, obtains Energy distribution of the wavelet in time-frequency plane, i.e.,：
Vi(t, f)=Fi(/)*Ei(t-t0i) (3)
For giving crossover frequency fp, selected participation Color seperation grating wavelet w is calculated according to formula (3)i(t-t0) frequency dividing be：
Vi(t, fp)=Fi(fp)*Ei(t-t0i) (4)
Wherein, * represents that both sides function is multiplied.
4. the geological data dividing method according to claim 3 based on multiple wavelet, it is characterised in that the step S3
In, select whole wavelets to participate in Color seperation grating, obtain the divided down version of corresponding seismic traces.
5. the geological data dividing method according to claim 4 based on multiple wavelet, it is characterised in that the step S3
In, selected section wavelet participates in Color seperation grating, obtains the divided down version of the seismic channel of corresponding part wavelet reconstruct.
6. the geological data dividing method based on multiple wavelet according to claim 3 or 5, it is characterised in that the step
In S2, the seismic wavelet sequence based on generation, each seismic channel is decomposed, obtain one group l corresponding with each seismic channel1
Norm optimization, sparse, Accurate Reconstruction goes out the seismic wavelet of seismic traces.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108549103A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-18 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Saturated porous medium post-stack seismic hydrocarbon detection method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108549103A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-18 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Saturated porous medium post-stack seismic hydrocarbon detection method |
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Effective date of registration: 20231017 Address after: 100096 47-1, Huayuan Yili, Xisanqi, Haidian District, Beijing Patentee after: Wu Shiguo Address before: Room 202, Zhongchen Building, No. 1 Lize Zhong'er Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100102 Patentee before: GEOCYBER (BEIJING) TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |