CN107449883B - Technical method for evaluating ecological health of lake and reservoir water - Google Patents
Technical method for evaluating ecological health of lake and reservoir water Download PDFInfo
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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Abstract
The invention provides a technical method for evaluating the ecological health of lake and reservoir water, belonging to the technical field of ecological environment protection. The method comprises the steps of firstly measuring eutrophication indexes, large benthic invertebrates and floating algae indexes of lakes and reservoirs, then calculating a comprehensive nutritional state index, a large benthic invertebrate index and a floating algae index by the method provided by the invention, carrying out normalization treatment, calculating an aqueous ecological health index, and finally evaluating the aqueous ecological health conditions of the lakes and the reservoirs according to the classification standard of the aqueous ecological health indexes divided by the method. The invention has the advantages of small number of adopted indexes, large information content in the indexes, low acquisition difficulty of the adopted indexes, particularly biological indexes, low requirement on professional knowledge and convenient large-scale implementation and application. By applying the water ecological health assessment technical method established by the invention, the comprehensive assessment of the lake and reservoir water ecological health can be realized from the aspects of water quality and biology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment protection, and particularly relates to a technical method for evaluating the health of a lake or reservoir water ecosystem.
Background
Water ecological restoration is a higher-level water ecological protection measure which needs to be taken after the water environment quality is improved to a certain extent. The water ecological health assessment is a precondition for the establishment of a water ecological restoration strategy and is also an essential means for considering the water ecological restoration effect.
Water and the aquatic organisms living therein are important components of the aquatic ecosystem, and there is a significant two-way interaction between the two. Currently, water ecology evaluation is performed by water quality or a certain biological index, such as large-scale benthic invertebrates, planktonic algae, zooplankton, fish, and the like. Therefore, such evaluations essentially belong to water quality evaluation or aquatic organism evaluation, and the evaluation result tends to be biased to one of them, which is not comprehensive in the water ecosystem. In the existing aquatic organism evaluation, a classification index with higher specialization degree is selected as a candidate parameter. Due to high specialization degree and strict specialization requirements on index analysts, the method is only adopted in units with profound professional knowledge accumulation, and the business development of the water ecological health assessment in a larger range is severely limited. This departs from the current trend of developing water ecological health assessments over a wide range.
Because of the inherent characteristics of lakes and reservoirs, the lakes and reservoirs are obviously affected by human activities and have high difficulty in recovery. The comprehensive lake and reservoir water ecological health assessment method with low index specialization degree, rich water ecological information and small quantity is established, scientific basis and technical support are provided for lake and reservoir water ecological health assessment work, and both theoretical significance and practical significance are strong.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive lake and reservoir water ecological health assessment method with less index quantity, low specialization degree and rich water ecological information. The specific technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a technical method for evaluating the ecological health of lake and reservoir water comprises the following steps:
(1) index measurement
Setting a plurality of sampling points in lakes and reservoirs, measuring 5 indexes of chlorophyll a, transparency, permanganate index, total phosphorus and total nitrogen, 3 indexes of mollusk classification unit number (BN), dominant species dominance (BDF) of 1 st dominant species of large benthonic invertebrates, BMWP index (BMWP) of large benthonic invertebrates, 3 indexes of total classification unit number (PN) of floating algae, cell density (PC) of floating algae and dominant species of cell dominance (PDT) of 3 former dominant species of floating algae of the invention, wherein the single indexes adopted by the invention are all known by professionals in the field;
(2) index calculation and normalization
Calculating a comprehensive nutritional status index (TLI) by adopting 5 indexes of chlorophyll a, transparency, permanganate index, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the step (1), and carrying out normalization treatment to obtain a normalization result ZTLI;
calculating a large benthic invertebrate index (BI) by using the number of mollusk classification units, the dominance degree of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthic invertebrates and the BMWP index 3 indexes of the large benthic invertebrates in the step (1), and performing normalization treatment to obtain a normalization result ZBI;
calculating a floating algae index (PI) by adopting 3 indexes of the total classification unit number of the floating algae, the cell density of the floating algae and the dominance degree of the first 3 dominant species of the floating algae in the step (1), and performing normalization processing to obtain a normalization result ZPI;
calculating a Water Ecological Health Index (WEHI) using the ZTLI, ZBI, ZPI as described above;
(3) and evaluating grading.
Preferably, in the step (2), TLI calculation is performed according to "evaluation method of surface water environment quality" (trial implementation). The normalization method of the TLI comprises the following specific steps:
wherein i is 1, … …, n; ZTLI i The normalization result of the comprehensive nutrition state index of the i measuring point is obtained; TLI i The index of the comprehensive nutrition state of the point i is measured; max (TLI) is the maximum value of TLI; e (TLI) is the best expected value for TLI.
Preferably, the calculation method and the normalization method of BI in the step (2) are specifically:
1) BI calculation method
BI i ＝SBN i +SBDF i +SBMWP i
Wherein i is 1, … …, n; BI (BI) i Measuring the index of the large benthic invertebrate at the point i; SBN i Scoring the number of mollusk taxa at point i; SBDF i Measuring dominance scores of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthic invertebrates at the point i; SBMWP i Scoring the BMWP index of the large benthic invertebrate at the i measuring point; BN i The number of mollusk classification units of the point i; e (BN) is the optimal expected value of the number of classification units of the mollusks; BDF i Measuring the dominant species dominance of the large benthic invertebrate at the point i; e (BDF) is the optimal expected value of the dominance degree of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthic invertebrates; BMWP i Measuring the BMWP index of the large benthic invertebrate at the point i; e (BMWP) is the best expectation of BMWP index for large benthic invertebrates.
2) BI normalization method
Wherein i is 1, … …, n; ZBI i The normalization result of the index of the large benthic invertebrate is measured by the point i; BI (BI) i (ii) a large benthic invertebrate index for point i; e (BI) is the best expected value of BI.
Preferably, the calculation method and the normalization method of PI in the step (2) are specifically:
1) PI calculation method
PI i ＝SPN i +SPC i +SPDT i
Wherein i is 1, … …, n; PI (proportional integral) i Measuring the index of the floating algae at the point i; SPN i Scoring the total classification unit number of the floating algae at the point i; SPC i Scoring the cell density of the planktonic algae at the point i; SPDT i Scoring dominance of the first 3 dominant species of floating algae at the point i; PN (pseudo-noise) i The total classification unit number of the floating algae at the point i; e (PN) is the optimal expected value of the total unit number of the floating algae; max (pc) is the maximum value of the planktonic algae cell density; PC (personal computer) i Measuring the cell density of the floating algae at the point i; e (PC) is the optimal expected value of the cell density of the planktonic algae; PDT i Measuring the dominance degree of the first 3 dominant species of floating algae at the point i; e (PDT) is the best expected value of dominance degree of the first 3 dominant species of floating algae.
2) PI normalization method
Wherein i is 1, … …, n; ZPI i The normalized result of the index of the floating algae at the measuring point i is obtained; PI (proportional integral) i The index of the planktonic algae at the point i is shown; e (PI) is the optimal expected value of PI.
Preferably, the statistical ranges of the data of max (TLI), E (BN), E (BDF), E (BMWP), E (BI), E (PN), max (PC), E (PDT) and E (PI) are as follows: if the historical monitoring data exists, combining and counting the historical monitoring data and the current monitoring data, and if the historical monitoring data does not exist, counting the current monitoring data; the above E (TLI), E (BN), E (BDF), E (BMWP), E (BI), E (PN), E (PC), E (PDT) and E (PI) are calculated by the following steps: the larger the values such as BN, BMWP, BI, PN and PI are, the better the index of the state is, the larger the values such as TLI, BDF, PC and PDT are, the worse the index of the state is, the larger the value such as TLI, BDF, PC and PDT is, the better the index of the state is, and the 5% quantile of the sample value is, the best expected value is.
Preferably, ZPI mentioned above i 、SPN i 、SPC i 、SPDT i 、ZBI i 、SBN i 、SBDF i 、SBMWP i 、ZTLI i Has a value interval of [0,1]]As a result, the number of atoms is 0 when the number is less than 0 and 1 when the number is more than 1.
Preferably, the WEHI calculating method in the step (2) is specifically:
(1) single station WEHI calculation
WEHI i ＝a*ZTLI i +b*ZBI i +c*ZPI i
Wherein a, b and c are the weights of ZTLI, ZBI and ZPI, respectively;
(2) region WEHI calculation
If the measuring points in the step (1) belong to x areas, in the case that the water ecological health condition of a certain area needs to be evaluated through the average value of m measuring points in the area, firstly, WEHI of each measuring point in the area is calculated j Then taking m measuring points WEHI j The arithmetic mean value of (a) is used as the water ecological health index of the region, and specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein, the measuring point number j is 1, m; WEHI Region(s) Is a regional water ecological health index; WEHI j The water ecological health index of a point j in the region is obtained;
(3) multiple monitoring WEHI calculation
If I-time monitoring is carried out on a plurality of measuring points in the step (1), under the condition that the ecological health condition of the water at the measuring points needs to be evaluated through the average value of the I-time monitoring at the single measuring point, firstly, the ecological health condition is calculated based on the k-th monitoring resultCalculating a single measuring point WEHI k Then taking the arithmetic mean value of the WEHI times as the water ecological health index of a single measuring point, wherein the arithmetic mean value is specifically as follows:
wherein, the number of monitoring times k is 1, · l; WEHI Average Monitoring the arithmetic mean value of the water ecological health index for a plurality of times for a measuring point; WEHI k Calculating the water ecological health index obtained from the kth monitoring result of a single measuring point;
further, multiple monitoring WEHI of the area may be calculated, specifically:
wherein, the measuring point number j is 1, m; the number of monitoring times k ═ 1, · · · · ·, l; WEHI Area averaging Monitoring the average value of the water ecological health index for multiple times in a region; WEHI k The water ecological health index is calculated from the k-th monitoring result of a single measuring point.
Preferably, in the step (3), the specific method for evaluating the grade division is as follows:
taking 90% quantile of the ZTLI [0,1] interval as the boundary of the excellent grade, and dividing the rest interval by adopting a quartering method to obtain the TLI grading standard, which specifically comprises the following steps: excellent [0.90,1], good [0.68,0.90 ], medium [0.45,0.68 ], general [0.23,0.45 ], poor [0, 0.23);
taking 95% quantile of ZBI [0,1] interval and ZPI [0,1] interval as the boundary of the excellent grade, and dividing the rest intervals by adopting a quartering method to obtain the grading standards of BI and PI, which specifically comprise the following steps: excellent [0.95,1], good [0.71,0.95 ], medium [0.48,0.71 ], general [0.24,0.48 ], poor [0, 0.24);
dividing regions according to TLI, BI and PI evaluation levels, performing weighted superposition by adopting weights a, b and c, and determining the divided regions of the WEHI evaluation levels specifically as follows:
preferably [ a 0.90+ b 0.95+ c 0.95, a 1+ b 1+ c 1],
Good [ a 0.68+ b 0.71+ c 0.71, a 0.90+ b 0.95+ c 0.95 ],
Wherein [ a 0.45+ b 0.48+ c 0.48, a 0.68+ b 0.71+ c 0.71 ],
Typically [ a 0.23+ b 0.24+ c 0.24, a 0.45+ b 0.48+ c 0.48 ],
The difference [ a 0+ b 0+ c 0, a 0.23+ b 0.24+ c 0.24 ]).
Preferably, the above-mentioned weighting determination method is a scoring method conventional in the art, preferably an expert scoring method, an entropy weighting method, and an analytic hierarchy process.
The invention comprehensively considers the water quality and the biological factor, and provides a lake and reservoir water ecological health assessment method from the viewpoint of completeness of a water ecological system. The invention adopts a small number of indexes, and the indexes contain a large amount of information; the invention has low acquisition difficulty of the adopted indexes, especially the biological indexes, and low requirement on professional knowledge. The technical advantages are beneficial to the application of the technical method provided by the invention in a large range. By applying the water ecological health assessment technical method established by the invention, the ecological health of the lake and reservoir water can be scientifically assessed, and the ecological health conditions of the lake and reservoir water can be objectively reflected.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment is water ecological health assessment of single monitoring of lakes of Taihu lake watershed parts, reservoir measuring points in winter and spring and summer and autumn under the condition of considering comprehensive nutritional state index, large benthic invertebrate index and planktonic algae index. The specific process is as follows:
(1) index calculation and normalization
The method comprises the steps of collecting samples of measuring points of a Taihu lake basin once in winter, spring, summer and autumn, analyzing and measuring 5 eutrophication evaluation indexes of chlorophyll a, transparency, permanganate index, total phosphorus and total nitrogen, 3 diversity evaluation indexes of large benthic invertebrates including the number of classification units of mollusks, the dominance of the 1 st dominant species of large benthic invertebrates, BMWP index of large benthic invertebrates, and 3 diversity evaluation indexes of planktonic algae including the number of total classification units of planktonic algae, the cell density of planktonic algae and the dominance of the 3 dominant species of cells before the planktonic algae.
And (4) calculating the comprehensive nutritional state index of each measuring point according to the method in the surface water environment quality evaluation method (trial), and performing result normalization according to the comprehensive nutritional state index normalization formula. According to years of monitoring data, the maximum value of the comprehensive nutritional state index of lakes and reservoirs in the Taihu lake basin is 80.0, and the calculation result of the optimal expected value of the comprehensive nutritional state index is 40.0.
And calculating the index of the large benthic invertebrates at each measuring point according to the large benthic invertebrate index calculation method and carrying out normalization treatment. According to the years of monitoring data, the number of the mollusk classification units of the lake in the Taihu lake basin, the dominance degree of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthonic invertebrates and the calculation result of the optimal expected value of the BMWP index of the large benthonic invertebrates are respectively 8.0, 0.243 and 78, the number of the mollusk classification units of the reservoir in the Taihu lake basin, the dominance degree of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthonic invertebrates and the calculation result of the optimal expected value of the BMWP index of the large benthonic invertebrates are respectively 10.0, 0.215 and 74, and the optimal expected values of the indexes of the large benthonic invertebrates of the lake in the Taihu lake basin and the reservoir are respectively 2.74.
And calculating the index of the floating algae at each measuring point according to the floating algae index calculation method and carrying out normalization treatment. Wherein, according to years of monitoring data, considering the characteristics of obvious seasonal change of floating algae, the total classification unit number of the floating algae in lakes and reservoirs in Taihu lake basin, the cell density of the floating algae and the optimal expected values of the first 3 dominant species of the dominant degree of the floating algae in winter and spring are respectively 55 and 1.06 x 10 6 And 0.376 cell density of floating algae in winter and spring is 3.01 x 10 at maximum 7 The optimal expected value of the index of the floating algae in winter and spring is 2.92; the total classification unit number of floating algae in lakes and reservoirs in Taihu lake basin, the cell density of floating algae and the optimal expectation value of the first 3 dominant species of floating algae in summer and autumn are 49 and 6.23 x 10 respectively 5 And 0.402, maximum cell density of floating algae of 2.35 x 10 in summer and autumn 8 Floating algae in summer and autumnThe best expected value of the number is 2.99.
The results of normalization of the comprehensive nutritional status index, the large benthic invertebrate index and the index of floating algae at each measurement point in winter and spring are shown in table 1.
The results of normalization of the comprehensive nutritional status index, the large benthic invertebrate index and the index of floating algae at each measurement point in summer and autumn are shown in table 2.
According to the calculation formula of the ecological health indexes of the lake water and the reservoir water, the weights of the comprehensive nutritional state indexes of the lake water and the reservoir water, the large benthic invertebrate indexes and the floating algae indexes of the Taihu lake basin are respectively 0.50, 0.25 and 0.25 by adopting an expert scoring method, the ecological health indexes of the water at each measuring point are calculated, and the results are respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
(2) Determining a ranking criterion
Taking the 90% quantile of the lake and reservoir comprehensive nutrition state index normalization [0,1] interval as the boundary of the excellent grade, and dividing the rest interval by adopting a quartering method to obtain the Taihu lake basin lake and reservoir comprehensive nutrition state index classification standard shown in the table 3.
Taking the 95% quantile of the lake and reservoir large benthonic invertebrates and planktonic algae index normalization [0,1] interval as the boundary of the optimal grade, and dividing the rest interval by a quartering method to obtain the index classification standard of the lake and reservoir large benthonic invertebrates and planktonic algae in the Taihu lake basin, which is specifically shown in Table 4.
According to the calculation formula of the ecological health indexes of the lake water and the reservoir water, the weights of the comprehensive nutritional state indexes of the lake water and the reservoir water, the large benthic invertebrate indexes and the floating algae indexes of the Taihu lake basin are respectively 0.50, 0.25 and 0.25 by adopting an expert scoring method. The ecological health index grading standard of lake and reservoir water in Taihu lake basin obtained by the weighted superposition method is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 1 ecological health index calculation results at each measurement point in winter and spring
TABLE 2 result of calculation of ecological health index at each measuring point in summer and autumn
TABLE 3 index classification standard for comprehensive nutrition state of lake and reservoir in Taihu lake basin
TABLE 4 grading Standard of index of large benthic invertebrates and index of floating algae in lakes and reservoirs in Taihu lake basin
TABLE 5 grading Standard of ecological health indexes of lake and reservoir waters of Taihu lake basin
(3) Evaluation result of water ecological health
According to the calculation results of table 1 and table 5, the water ecological health condition of each measuring point was evaluated. The result shows that in the monitoring of winter and spring, the ecological health conditions of the water at the measuring points of lakes and reservoirs in the Taihu lake basin are mainly medium, and no water ecological health evaluation measuring point with excellent grade and poor grade exists.
According to the calculation results of table 2 and table 5, the water ecological health condition of each measuring point is evaluated. The result shows that the water ecological health status of the measuring points of lakes and reservoirs in the Taihu lake basin is mainly medium in the monitoring in summer and autumn, and no water ecological health evaluation measuring points with excellent and poor grades exist.
Comparing the results in tables 1 and 2, the water ecological health status of 3 measuring points of north of Changdong lake, north of sand river reservoir and Taihu lake mountain in summer and autumn is improved by 1 level compared with that in winter and spring, the water ecological health status of 4 measuring points of Kunjun lake, Taihu lake miniwan, Taihu lake LVjiang and Taihu lake sand in summer and autumn is reduced by 1 level compared with that in winter and spring, and the ecological health status of the rest measuring points is not graded.
Example 2
This example further illustrates the calculation of the measured point water ecological health index under multiple monitoring conditions based on the calculation results of example 1. The specific process is as follows:
table 1 and table 2 in example 1 above show the water ecological health indexes of the measurement points of lakes and reservoirs in the flow area of the lake and the lake tai lake in winter and spring and summer and autumn, respectively, that is, the water ecological health indexes obtained by each measurement point based on the monitoring result each time in the case of monitoring for 2 times. And (3) representing the annual change condition of the water ecological health indexes of each measuring point by using the 2 monitoring results, wherein the annual average value of the water ecological health indexes of each measuring point is the arithmetic average value of the water ecological health indexes of winter and spring and the water ecological health indexes of summer and autumn. Taking the measuring point of Changdong lake north as an example, taking the arithmetic mean value of 0.429 of the water ecological health index in winter and spring and 0.543 of the water ecological health index in summer and autumn as 0.486, namely the annual water ecological health index of the measuring point. The results of the calculation of the annual water ecological health index at all the measuring points are shown in table 6. The result shows that the water ecological health conditions of lakes and reservoirs in the Taihu lake basin are mainly moderate all the year around, and no water ecological health evaluation measuring point with excellent grade and poor grade exists.
TABLE 6 results of calculation and evaluation of annual water ecological health indexes at each measuring point
Example 3
This example further illustrates the calculation of the regional water ecological health index based on the calculation results of example 1 and example 2, and further illustrates the calculation of the regional water ecological health index under multiple monitoring conditions. The specific process is as follows:
the 20 measurement points in example 1 are divided into 9 regions. Taking the Changdong lake area as an example, the area comprises 3 measuring points in the North Changdong lake, the dry estuary of the North Changdong lake and the south Changdong lake. And taking the arithmetic mean of the water ecological health index of 0.429 in winter and spring in Chang dang Hubei, the ecological health index of 0.658 in Chang dang Hubei dry river mouth water and the water ecological health index of 0.654 in Chang dang Hunan to obtain the water ecological health index of 0.580 in winter and spring in Chang dang lake region, and obtaining the water ecological health index of 0.552 in summer and autumn in Chang dang lake region in the same way. Furthermore, the arithmetic mean value of the water ecological health index of 0.580 in winter and spring and the water ecological health index of 0.552 in summer and autumn in the Changdong lake region is taken, so that the annual water ecological health index of the Changdong lake region is 0.566. Specifically, the results are shown in Table 7.
TABLE 7 results of calculation and evaluation of regional water ecological health index
Claims (2)
1. A technical method for evaluating ecological health of lake and reservoir water is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) index measurement
Arranging a plurality of measuring points in lakes and reservoirs, and sampling and measuring 11 indexes of chlorophyll a, transparency, permanganate index, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, mollusk classification unit number BN, dominant species 1 dominance BDF of large benthic invertebrates, BMWP index BMWP of large benthic invertebrates, total classification unit number PN of floating algae, cell density PC of floating algae and dominant species PDT of cell dominance of front 3 dominant species of floating algae of each measuring point;
(2) index calculation and normalization
Calculating a comprehensive nutritional state index TLI by adopting 5 indexes of chlorophyll a, transparency, permanganate index, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the step (1), and carrying out normalization treatment to obtain a normalization result ZTLI;
calculating a large benthic invertebrate index BI by using the number of mollusk classification units, the dominance degree of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthic invertebrates and the BMWP index 3 indexes in the step (1), and performing normalization processing to obtain a normalization result ZBI;
calculating a floating algae index PI by using 3 indexes of the total classification unit number of the floating algae, the cell density of the floating algae and the dominance degree of the first 3 dominant species of the floating algae in the step (1), and performing normalization processing to obtain a normalization result ZPI;
calculating a water ecological health index WEHI by using the ZTLI, ZBI and ZPI;
(3) assessing rating
In the step (2), the TLI is calculated according to an "evaluation method (trial) of surface water environment quality," and the method for normalizing the TLI specifically includes:
wherein, the measuring point number i =1, · n; ZTLI i The normalization result of the comprehensive nutrition state index of the i measuring point is obtained; TLI i The index of the comprehensive nutrition state of the point i is measured; max (TLI) is the maximum value of TLI; e (TLI) is the optimal expected value for TLI;
the calculation method and the normalization method of the BI in the step (2) are specifically as follows:
(1) BI calculation method
Wherein, the measuring point number i =1, · n; BI (BI) i Measuring the index of the large benthic invertebrate at the point i; SBN i Scoring the number of mollusk taxa at point i; SBDF i Measuring dominance scores of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthic invertebrates at the point i; SBMWP i Scoring the BMWP index of the large benthic invertebrate at the i measuring point; BN i The number of mollusk classification units of the point i; e (BN) is the optimal expected value of the number of classification units of the mollusks; BDF i Measuring the dominant species dominance of the large benthic invertebrate at the point i; e (BDF) is the optimal expected value of the dominance degree of the 1 st dominant species of the large benthic invertebrates; BMWP i Measuring the BMWP index of the large benthic invertebrate at the point i; e (BMWP) is the optimal expected value of the BMWP index of the large benthic invertebrates;
(2) BI normalization method
Wherein, the measuring point number i =1, · n; ZBI i The normalization result of the index of the large benthic invertebrate is measured by the point i; BI (BI) i (ii) a large benthic invertebrate index for point i; e (BI) is the best expected value of BI;
the calculation method and the normalization method of PI in the step (2) are specifically as follows:
(1) PI calculation method
Wherein, the measuring point number i =1, · n; PI (proportional integral) i Measuring the index of the floating algae at the point i; SPN i Scoring the total classification unit number of the floating algae at the point i; SPC i Scoring the cell density of the planktonic algae at the point i; SPDT i Scoring dominance of the first 3 dominant species of floating algae at the point i; PN (pseudo-noise) i The total classification unit number of the floating algae at the point i; e (PN) is the optimal expected value of the total unit number of the floating algae; max (pc) is the maximum value of the planktonic algae cell density; PC (personal computer) i Measuring the cell density of the floating algae at a point i; e (PC) is the optimal expected value of the cell density of the planktonic algae; PDT i Measuring the dominance degree of the first 3 dominant species of floating algae at the point i; e (PDT) is the optimal expected value of dominance degree of the first 3 dominant species of the floating algae;
(2) PI normalization method
Wherein, the measuring point number i =1, · n; ZPI i The normalized result of the index of the floating algae at the measuring point i is obtained; PI (proportional integral) i The index of the planktonic algae at the point i is shown; e (PI) is the optimal expected value of PI;
wherein, the statistical range of the data of max (TLI), E (BN), E (BDF), E (BMWP), E (BI), E (PN), max (PC), E (PDT) and E (PI) is as follows: if the historical monitoring data exists, combining and counting the historical monitoring data and the current monitoring data, and if the historical monitoring data does not exist, counting the current monitoring data; the calculation method of E (TLI), E (BN), E (BDF), E (BMWP), E (BI), E (PN), E (PC), E (PDT) and E (PI) is as follows: the larger the numerical values such as BN, BMWP, BI, PN and PI are, the better the index of the state is, the larger the numerical values such as TLI, BDF, PC and PDT are, the worse the index of the state is, and the 5% quantile of the sample value is, the best expected value is;
the ZPI i 、SPN i 、SPC i 、SPDT i 、ZBI i 、SBN i 、SBDF i 、SBMWP i 、ZTLI i Has a value interval of [0,1]]When the result is less than 0, the value is 0, and when the result is more than 1, the value is 1;
the WEHI calculation method in the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) single station WEHI calculation
Wherein a, b and c are the weights of ZTLI, ZBI and ZPI, respectively;
(2) regional WEHI calculation
If the measuring points in the step (1) belong to x areas, in the case that the water ecological health condition of a certain area needs to be evaluated through the average value of m measuring points in the area, firstly, WEHI of each measuring point in the area is calculated j Then take m measuring points WEHI j As the water ecological health index of the region, the arithmetic mean value of (1) is specifically as follows:
wherein, the measuring point number j =1, · m; WEHI Region(s) Is a regional water ecological health index; WEHI j The water ecological health index of a j measuring point in the area is obtained;
(3) multiple monitoring WEHI calculation
If a plurality of measuring points in the step (1) are developedThe monitoring is carried out for one time, and under the condition that the ecological health condition of the measured point water needs to be evaluated through the average value of the monitoring at one time of the single measured point, firstly, the WEHI of the single measured point is calculated based on the monitoring result at the kth time k Then taking the arithmetic mean value of the WEHI times as the water ecological health index of a single measuring point, wherein the arithmetic mean value is specifically as follows:
wherein, the monitoring number k =1, · l; WEHI Average Monitoring the arithmetic mean value of the water ecological health index for a plurality of times for a measuring point; WEHI k Calculating the water ecological health index from the kth monitoring result of a single measuring point;
further, multiple monitoring WEHI of the area may be calculated, specifically:
wherein, the measuring point number j =1, · m; the number of monitoring times k =1, · l; WEHI Area averaging Monitoring the average value of the water ecological health index for multiple times in a region; WEHI k Calculating the water ecological health index from the kth monitoring result of a single measuring point;
in the step (3), a specific method for evaluating grade division is as follows:
taking 90% quantile of the ZTLI [0,1] interval as the boundary of the excellent grade, and dividing the rest interval by adopting a quartering method to obtain the TLI grading standard, which specifically comprises the following steps: excellent [0.90,1], good [0.68,0.90 ], medium [0.45,0.68 ], general [0.23,0.45 ], poor [0, 0.23);
taking 95% quantile of ZBI [0,1] interval and ZPI [0,1] interval as the boundary of the excellent grade, and dividing the rest intervals by adopting a quartering method to obtain the grading standards of BI and PI, which specifically comprise the following steps: excellent [0.95,1], good [0.71,0.95 ], medium [0.48,0.71 ], general [0.24,0.48 ], poor [0, 0.24);
dividing regions according to TLI, BI and PI evaluation levels, performing weighted superposition by adopting weights a, b and c, and determining the divided regions of the WEHI evaluation levels specifically as follows:
preferably [ a 0.90+ b 0.95+ c 0.95, a 1+ b 1+ c 1],
Good [ a 0.68+ b 0.71+ c 0.71, a 0.90+ b 0.95+ c 0.95 ],
Wherein [ a 0.45+ b 0.48+ c 0.48, a 0.68+ b 0.71+ c 0.71 ],
Typically [ a 0.23+ b 0.24+ c 0.24, a 0.45+ b 0.48+ c 0.48 ],
The difference [ a 0+ b 0+ c 0, a 0.23+ b 0.24+ c 0.24 ]).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the weights are determined according to expert scoring, entropy weighting, and analytic hierarchy methods.
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